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Montero D, Terova G, Rimoldi S, Tort L, Negrin D, Zamorano MJ, Izquierdo M. Modulation of adrenocorticotrophin hormone (ACTH)-induced expression of stress-related genes by PUFA in inter-renal cells from European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). J Nutr Sci 2015; 4:e16. [PMID: 26090096 PMCID: PMC4463938 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2015.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary fatty acids have been shown to exert a clear effect on the stress response, modulating the release of cortisol. The role of fatty acids on the expression of steroidogenic genes has been described in mammals, but little is known in fish. The effect of different fatty acids on the release of cortisol and expression of stress-related genes of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) head kidney, induced by a pulse of adenocorticotrophin hormone (ACTH), was studied. Tissue was maintained in superfusion with 60 min of incubation with EPA, DHA, arachidonic acid (ARA), linoleic acid or α-linolenic acid (ALA) during 490 min. Cortisol was measured by RIA. The quantification of stress-related genes transcripts was conducted by One-Step TaqMan real-time RT-PCR. There was an effect of the type of fatty acid on the ACTH-induced release of cortisol, values from ALA treatment being elevated within all of the experimental period. The expression of some steroidogenic genes, such as the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and c-fos, were affected by fatty acids, ALA increasing the expression of StAR after 1 h of ACTH stimulation whereas DHA, ARA and ALA increased the expression of c-fos after 20 min. ARA increased expression of the 11β-hydroxylase gene. Expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) was increased in all the experimental treatments except for ARA. Results corroborate previous studies of the effect of different fatty acids on the release of cortisol in marine fish and demonstrate that those effects are mediated by alteration of the expression of steroidogenic genes.
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Key Words
- ACTH, adrenocorticotrophin hormone
- ALA, α-linolenic acid
- ARA, arachidonic acid
- Adrenocorticotrophin hormone-induced stress response
- COX, cyclo-oxygenase
- CYP11b, cytochrome P450 11β
- Dicentrarchus labrax
- Fatty acids
- GR, glucocorticoid receptor
- HSP, heat shock protein
- LA, linoleic acid
- LOX, lipo-oxygenase
- Nutritional modulation of steroidogenesis
- PKA, protein kinase A
- PLA2, phospholipase A2
- StAR, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein
- Stress-related gene expression
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Montero
- Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
(ULPGC), Grupo de Investigación en acuicultura (GIA),
Instituto Universitario de Sanidad Animal y Seguridad Alimentaria
(IUSA), c/ Transmontaña, s/n,
35413, Arucas, Las
Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Genciana Terova
- University of Insubria,
Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Via
Dunant, 3-21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Simona Rimoldi
- University of Insubria,
Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Via
Dunant, 3-21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Lluis Tort
- Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona,
Department de Biologia Cel.lular, Fisiologia i
immunologia, Edifici M. 08193,
Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès,
Barcelona, Spain
| | - Davinia Negrin
- Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
(ULPGC), Grupo de Investigación en acuicultura (GIA),
Instituto Universitario de Sanidad Animal y Seguridad Alimentaria
(IUSA), c/ Transmontaña, s/n,
35413, Arucas, Las
Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - María Jesús Zamorano
- Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
(ULPGC), Grupo de Investigación en acuicultura (GIA),
Instituto Universitario de Sanidad Animal y Seguridad Alimentaria
(IUSA), c/ Transmontaña, s/n,
35413, Arucas, Las
Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Marisol Izquierdo
- Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
(ULPGC), Grupo de Investigación en acuicultura (GIA),
Instituto Universitario de Sanidad Animal y Seguridad Alimentaria
(IUSA), c/ Transmontaña, s/n,
35413, Arucas, Las
Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain
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Effect of Dietary Oils on Host Resistance to Fungal Infection in Psychologically Stressed Mice. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 73:1994-8. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.90184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Benítez-Dorta V, Caballero MJ, Izquierdo M, Manchado M, Infante C, Zamorano MJ, Montero D. Total substitution of fish oil by vegetable oils in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) diets: effects on fish performance, biochemical composition, and expression of some glucocorticoid receptor-related genes. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2013; 39:335-349. [PMID: 22955962 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-012-9703-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
To study the substitution of fish oil by vegetable oils in fish diets, juveniles Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) were fed diets (56 % crude protein, 12 % crude lipid) containing either linseed (100LO) or soybean (100SO) oils in comparison with a 100 % fish oil-based diet (100FO) for 90 days. Samples of muscle, liver, and intestine were collected for biochemical analysis and for glucocorticoid receptor-related genes, including GR1 and GR2, and the associated heat shock proteins HSP70, HSP90AA, and HSP90AB. Besides, basal levels of plasma cortisol were also determined. After the feeding period, a stress test, consisting on 5 min of net chasing, was applied to a selected population of each dietary group. Total replacement of fish oil by vegetable oils did not induced changes in fish growth and performance, but affected fatty acid profile of muscle, liver, and intestine, reflecting those tissues the characteristic fatty acids of each type of dietary oil. A tendency to conserve the ARA/EPA ratio could be observed in the different tissues, despite of the level of these fatty acids in diet. Chasing stress induced an increase of muscle GR1 and a reduction in intestinal GR2 relative expressions at any of the experimental diets assayed. In liver, chasing stress induced an increase in both GR1 and GR2 gene expression in fish fed fish oil diets. Similarly, chasing stress induced an increase of muscle HSP70 and decrease of HSP90AB in liver at any of the experimental diet assayed. Besides, vegetable oils decreased the expression of HSP70 in intestine, being the relative expression of liver HSP90AA increased by the inclusion of linseed oil in the diet, at any of the experimental conditions assayed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Benítez-Dorta
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and ICCM, PO Box 56, 35200 Telde, Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain.
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Kwon DK, Hwang KH, Kim YK, Lee KH, Song YJ. Effects of swimming exercise and soybean supplementation on the immune functions of rats fed a high-fat diet. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2008; 35:638-42. [PMID: 18177482 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2007.04847.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
1. In the present study, the effects of swimming exercise and soybean supplementation on the immune functions of rats fed a high-fat diet were examined. 2. Thirty-four male rats were randomly divided into four groups: (i) HS, a high-fat diet sedentary group (n = 8); (ii) HE, a high-fat diet exercised group (n = 9); (iii) SS, a soybean diet sedentary group (n = 8); and (iv) SE, a soybean diet exercised group (n = 9). The high-fat diet was composed of 35% carbohydrate, 20% protein and 35% fat. For the soybean diet, 3% crude soybean extract was substituted for the protein, carbohydrate and fat according to the energy content of the diet. In the exercise groups, rats swam for 60 min/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. 3. The subpopulation of CD4(+) cells and the CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio did not differ significantly between the high-fat diet and soybean diet groups. However, the subpopulation of CD8(+) cells in the spleens of SS rats was significantly higher than that in the spleens of HS rats (P < 0.05). In addition, splenic interferon-gamma secretion in the SE group, with or without conconavalin A stimulation, was significantly increased compared with the SS group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). 4. These results show that regular endurance exercise training with soybean supplementation ameliorates splenic T cell-mediated immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Keun Kwon
- Laboratory Exercise Metabolism, Kyungpook National University Graduate School, Daegu, Korea
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Montero D, Grasso V, Izquierdo MS, Ganga R, Real F, Tort L, Caballero MJ, Acosta F. Total substitution of fish oil by vegetable oils in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) diets: effects on hepatic Mx expression and some immune parameters. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2008; 24:147-155. [PMID: 18158252 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2007.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2007] [Revised: 08/01/2007] [Accepted: 08/03/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The use of vegetable oils in fish nutrition has been extensively studied; and recent work has focused attention on replacing fish oil with alternative fatty acid sources and their effect on the immune system. However, little is known about the effect of these oils on immune parameters such as the fish interferon system. In this study we evaluate the effect of two vegetable oils (linseed and soybean) on gilthead sea bream Mx expression and other innate immune parameters. Experimental diets were formulated where fish oil was totally replaced by vegetable oils or for a mixture of them (50% linseed and 50% soybean). Another diet prepared with pure fish oil was used as a control. Two experiments were carried out in order to evaluate growth, feed utilization, serum alternative complement pathway activity, serum lysozyme and phagocytic activity of head kidney leucocytes as well as Mx expression in the liver. In the first experiment fish were fed with experimental diets for 6 months and then, growth and feed utilization as well as immune parameters were analyzed. In the second experiment, fish from the previous feeding trial were injected with either a sub-lethal dose of Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (94/99) or a synthetic dsRNA (Poly I:C) in order to stimulate an Mx response. The results show that total substitution of fish oil by vegetable oils decreased the growth of gilthead sea bream juveniles. Furthermore, both phagocytic activity and serum alternative complement pathway activity were significantly reduced by the inclusion of either vegetable oil individually in the sea bream diets, but the diet with mixed vegetable oils had no significant effect. There was no effect on serum lysozyme levels but the basal constitutive levels of Mx transcript expression in the liver were elevated in the fish fed the vegetable oil diets. The time-course of the Mx response to injection of Poly I:C was shorter in the fish fed the fish oil diet and the fish fed the diet based on a mixture of both vegetable oils showed a faster Mx response to bacterial injection. Following stimulation with Poly I:C or PDP the fish fed the vegetable oil based diets still maintained higher basal levels of hepatic Mx expression than the fish fed the fish oil diet which returned to undetectable levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Montero
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura, ICCM-IUSA, Telde, Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain.
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Cury-Boaventura MF, Gorjão R, de Lima TM, Fiamoncini J, Torres RP, Mancini-Filho J, Soriano FG, Curi R. Effect of Olive Oil–Based Emulsion on Human Lymphocyte and Neutrophil Death. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2008; 32:81-7. [DOI: 10.1177/014860710803200181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fernanda Cury-Boaventura
- From the Post-Graduate Program in Human Movement Science, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil; and the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty, and Division of Clinical Emergency, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Gorjão
- From the Post-Graduate Program in Human Movement Science, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil; and the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty, and Division of Clinical Emergency, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thaís Martins de Lima
- From the Post-Graduate Program in Human Movement Science, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil; and the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty, and Division of Clinical Emergency, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jarlei Fiamoncini
- From the Post-Graduate Program in Human Movement Science, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil; and the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty, and Division of Clinical Emergency, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosângela Pavan Torres
- From the Post-Graduate Program in Human Movement Science, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil; and the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty, and Division of Clinical Emergency, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge Mancini-Filho
- From the Post-Graduate Program in Human Movement Science, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil; and the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty, and Division of Clinical Emergency, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco Garcia Soriano
- From the Post-Graduate Program in Human Movement Science, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil; and the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty, and Division of Clinical Emergency, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rui Curi
- From the Post-Graduate Program in Human Movement Science, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil; and the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty, and Division of Clinical Emergency, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Effects of dietary fish oil on lipid peroxidation and serum triacylglycerol levels in psychologically stressed mice. Nutrition 2008; 24:67-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2007.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2007] [Revised: 10/11/2007] [Accepted: 10/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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