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Biasio LR, Zanobini P, Lorini C, Monaci P, Fanfani A, Gallinoro V, Cerini G, Albora G, Del Riccio M, Pecorelli S, Bonaccorsi G. COVID-19 vaccine literacy: A scoping review. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2176083. [PMID: 36794338 PMCID: PMC10026896 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2176083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
To address vaccine hesitancy, specific self-rated tools have been developed to assess vaccine literacy (VL) related to COVID-19, including additional variables, such as beliefs, behavior, and willingness to be vaccinated. To explore the recent literature a search was performed selecting articles published between January 2020 and October 2022: 26 papers were identified using these tools in the context of COVID-19. Descriptive analysis showed that the levels of VL observed in the studies were generally in agreement, with functional VL score often lower than the interactive-critical dimension, as if the latter was stimulated by the COVID-19-related infodemic. Factors associated with VL included vaccination status, age, educational level, and, possibly, gender. Effective communication based on VL when promoting vaccination is critical to sustaining immunization against COVID-19 and other communicable diseases. The VL scales developed to date have shown good consistency. However, further research is needed to improve these tools and develop new ones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrizio Zanobini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Lorini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pietro Monaci
- Medical Specialization School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alice Fanfani
- Medical Specialization School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Veronica Gallinoro
- Medical Specialization School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriele Cerini
- Medical Specialization School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Albora
- Medical Specialization School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Del Riccio
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sergio Pecorelli
- Scientific Advisory Committee, Giovanni Lorenzini Foundation, Milan, Italy
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Lorini C, Del Riccio M, Zanobini P, Biasio RL, Bonanni P, Giorgetti D, Ferro VA, Guazzini A, Maghrebi O, Lastrucci V, Rigon L, Okan O, Sørensen K, Bonaccorsi G. Vaccination as a social practice: towards a definition of personal, community, population, and organizational vaccine literacy. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1501. [PMID: 37553624 PMCID: PMC10408168 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16437-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A comprehensive and agreed-upon definition of vaccine literacy (VL) could support the understanding of vaccination and help policy-makers and individuals make informed decisions about vaccines. METHODS To shed some light on this debate and provide clarity, a scoping review was conducted to collect, summarize, and analyse available definitions of VL. Based on the findings of the scoping review, a new and comprehensive definition was proposed by a panel of experts. RESULTS Fifty-three articles were included, and two of them appeared to be the milestones around which the other definitions were grouped. The new definition proposed by the panel of experts included not only the personal perspective, but also the community, population, and organizational perspectives. Moreover, due to the increasing complexity of the social context with respect to the ability to navigate, understand, and use information and services, the definition of organizational vaccine literacy and the attributes of a vaccine literate healthcare organization have been proposed. CONCLUSION The new definition can contribute to the overall paradigm of health literacy and its distinct component of vaccine literacy, possibly improving the implementation of public health strategies to allow vaccination to be understood as a social practice by the entire community. This study describes the conceptual foundations, the competencies, and the civic orientation to be considered when developing measurement tools devoted to assessing VL at the different levels and in different contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Lorini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Giovanni Battista Morgagni 48, 50134, Florence, Italy.
- Health Literacy Laboratory (HeLiLab), University of Florence, Viale Giovanni Battista Morgagni 48, 50134, Florence, Italy.
| | - Marco Del Riccio
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Giovanni Battista Morgagni 48, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Patrizio Zanobini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Giovanni Battista Morgagni 48, 50134, Florence, Italy
- Health Literacy Laboratory (HeLiLab), University of Florence, Viale Giovanni Battista Morgagni 48, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Bonanni
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Giovanni Battista Morgagni 48, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Duccio Giorgetti
- Medical School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Giovanni Alessandro Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Valerio Allodola Ferro
- Department of Law, Economics and Human Sciences, Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Via Dell'Università 25, 89124, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Andrea Guazzini
- Department of Education, Literatures, Intercultural Studies, Languages and Psychology, University of Florence, Via Di San Salvi 12, 50135, Florence, Italy
| | - Olfa Maghrebi
- Department of Education, Literatures, Intercultural Studies, Languages and Psychology, University of Florence, Via Di San Salvi 12, 50135, Florence, Italy
| | - Vieri Lastrucci
- Epidemiology Unit, Meyer's Children University Hospital, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini, 24, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Lisa Rigon
- Medical School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Giovanni Alessandro Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Orkan Okan
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 80992, Munich, Germany
| | - Kristine Sørensen
- Global Health Literacy Academy, Viengevej 100, 8240, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Guglielmo Bonaccorsi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Giovanni Battista Morgagni 48, 50134, Florence, Italy
- Health Literacy Laboratory (HeLiLab), University of Florence, Viale Giovanni Battista Morgagni 48, 50134, Florence, Italy
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