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Zhang H, Luan L, Bi M, Zhao L, Yuan L, Feng J, Liu R. In vivo and in vitro studies on inactivation of selenium containing protein- glutathione peroxidase 3 in mice nephrocytes caused by lead. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 203:111008. [PMID: 32678766 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidases (Gpxs) play vital roles in elimination of hydroperoxide and other reactive oxygen species through catalyzing reduced glutathione to protect from oxidative stress caused by heavy metals such as lead. Among the family of Gpxs, Gpx3 is the only extracellular enzyme synthesized in the kidney and actively secreted into the plasma. This study investigated mechanisms of lead-induced GPx3 inactivation both at the animal and molecular levels. Six-week-old mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, and exposed to different lead concentrations (0, 1, 2 and 4 g/L) in their drinking water for 4 weeks. Contents of GPx3 in blood serum were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the mRNA levels of Gpx3 in mice nephrocytes were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), both of which showed significantly inhibited at higher lead concentrations accompanied by the decreased Gpx3 activities and the elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in nephrocytes, which indicated that lead could induce strongly oxidative stress through affecting Gpx3 function. So we further investigated molecular mechanisms of GPx3 inactivation caused by lead with multiple spectroscopic techniques, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and molecular docking studies in vitro. Results showed that lead statically quenched GPx3 fluorescence by tightly binding to the structural domain of GPx3 in a 3:1 ratio with high binding affinity (K = 3.1(±0.087) × 107 mol-1). Further investigation of the conformation of GPx3 by UV-visible spectroscopy and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy indicated that lead changed the secondary structure of GPx3 by loosening the GPx3 skeleton and decreasing the hydrophobicity around tryptophan residues. This work proved in vivo and in vitro experiments that lead could induce oxidative stress in mice nephrocytes by interacting with GPx3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Immunology for Environment and Health, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, PR China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, 445000, PR China
| | - Lingyu Luan
- Laboratory of Immunology for Environment and Health, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Mengjiao Bi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Lining Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, 445000, PR China
| | - Jia Feng
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, 445000, PR China
| | - Rutao Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China.
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Zeng QH, Wang JJ, Zhang YH, Song YQ, Liang JL, Zhang XW. Recovery and identification bioactive peptides from protein isolate of Spirulina platensis and their in vitro effectiveness against oxidative stress-induced erythrocyte hemolysis. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:3776-3782. [PMID: 32248525 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spirulina platensis is recognized as one of the most nutritious foods, containing a high protein content of up to 70%. Meanwhile, he interest in using natural protein resources to develop bioactive peptides is steadily increasing. Therefore, this study released the bioactive peptides from S. platensis by enzymatic hydrolysis using pepsin (1:3000 U g-1 ), and their amino acid sequences were determined by de novo sequencing. On this basis, the antioxidant activities of synthesized bioactive peptides were comprehensively evaluated by 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid assay, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl assay, and cell hemolysis assay induced by 2,2'-azobis-(2-amidino-propane) dihydrochloride (AAPH). RESULTS The degree of hydrolysis and recovery percentage of pepsin hydrolysis were 172 and 825 g kg-1 respectively, and FFEFF (P1: m/z 736.4, 8%), EYFDALA (P2: m/z 828.4, relative intensity 18.5%), and VTAPAASVAL (P3: m/z 899.5, relative intensity 17.3%) were purified and identified. P2 possessed an excellent radical scavenging activity compared with P1, P3, and vitamin C, which was contributed to by its high β-sheet conformation and specific amino acid compositions. Moreover, P2 significantly attenuated AAPH-induced oxidative hemolysis of erythrocytes and protected the erythrocytes, because it reduced the formation of malondialdehyde and increased the enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in erythrocytes. CONCLUSION This study provided insights into the potential antioxidant function of the synthesized peptides originated from the bioactive peptides of S. platensis proteins, which would contribute to the development of natural antioxidant from new protein resources. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Hui Zeng
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Jing Jing Wang
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Ying-Hui Zhang
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yu-Qiong Song
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Jing-Lin Liang
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Xue-Wu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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SERPINB2 is a novel indicator of stem cell toxicity. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:724. [PMID: 29925837 PMCID: PMC6010432 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0748-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The toxicological evaluation of potential drug candidates is very important in the preclinical phase of drug development. Toxic materials may cause serious decline in stem cell function and loss of stemness. Indeed, we found that toxic exposure more profoundly suppressed the growth of stem cells than terminally differentiated fibroblasts. Importantly, toxic exposure suppressed stem cell migration and multi-lineage differentiation potential in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, early-response genes involved in stem cell properties such as self-renewal and differentiation capabilities can be used as specific markers to predict toxicity. In the present study, we also identified a labile toxic response gene, SERPINB2, which is significantly increased in response to various toxic agents in human stem cells in vitro and in vivo. Consistently, self-renewal, migration, and multi-lineage differentiation potential were markedly decreased following SERPINB2 overexpression. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to focus on the functions of SERPINB2 on the regenerative potential of stem cells in response to various existing chemicals, and the findings will facilitate the development of promising toxicity test platforms for newly developed chemicals.
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Corsetti G, Romano C, Stacchiotti A, Pasini E, Dioguardi FS. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Apoptosis Triggered by Sub-Chronic Lead Exposure in Mice Spleen: a Histopathological Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 178:86-97. [PMID: 28012149 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0912-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is an environmental oncogenic metal that induces immunotoxicity and anaemia. Emerging evidence has linked Pb toxicity with endoplasmic reticulum-driven apoptosis and autophagy. Glucose-regulated protein of 78 kDa (Grp78 or binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP)), a master endoplasmic reticulum chaperone, drives macrophage activation and regulates protein folding and calcium flux in response to heavy metals. The spleen may be involved in Pb poisoning due to its crucial role in erythrocatheresis and immune response, although there are no data to support this theory. Here, we found haematic and histopathological changes in the spleen of mice exposed to medium doses of Pb acetate (200 ppm-1 mM) in drinking water for 45 days. Pb deposition was also detected in organs such as the liver, kidney, brain, bone, blood and faeces, indicating an accumulation of this metal despite relatively short exposure time. Blood Pb content (BBL) reached 21.6 μg/dL; echinocytes and poikilocytes were found in Pb smears of treated group. Inside the spleen, higher Fe(II) and Fe(III) deposits inside macrophages were observed. Grp78 immunostaining, weakly expressed in spleen cells of control mice, after Pb exposure was specifically restricted to macrophages and megakaryocytes of the marginal zone of red pulp. Furthermore, Pb exposure induced superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) expression, cleaved caspase-3 and p62/SQSTM1, consistent with oxidative stress, apoptosis and dysregulated autophagy in spleen compartments. We suggest that even at a middle dose, oral Pb intake induces oxidant iron deposition in the spleen and that this may trigger sustained Grp78 redistribution to cells, thus leading to oxidative and autophagy dysfunction as early local reactions to this dangerous metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Corsetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Division of Anatomy and Physiopathology, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Claudia Romano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Division of Anatomy and Physiopathology, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Stacchiotti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Division of Anatomy and Physiopathology, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Evasio Pasini
- "S. Maugeri Foundation", IRCCS, Cardiology Division, Lumezzane Medical Centre, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco S Dioguardi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Chen HS, Hsu CY, Chang YC, Chuang HY, Long CY, Hsieh TH, Tsai EM. Benzyl butyl phthalate decreases myogenic differentiation of endometrial mesenchymal stem/stromal cells through miR-137-mediated regulation of PITX2. Sci Rep 2017; 7:186. [PMID: 28298639 PMCID: PMC5428022 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00286-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phthalate, an environmental toxin, has been considered as an endocrine-disrupting chemical. Growing evidence has demonstrated links between endocrine-disrupting chemicals, tissue development, and reproductive physiology, but the mechanisms of gene expression regulation by environmental factors that affect cell differentiation are unclear. Herein, we investigated the effects of butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) on human endometrial mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (EN-MSC) differentiation and identified a novel signaling pathway. Differentiation of endometrial mesenchymal stem/stromal cells decreased after administration of BBP. We analyzed BBP regulation of gene expression in EN-MSC using cDNA microarrays and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software to identify affected target genes and their biological functions. PITX2 emerged as a common gene hit from separate screens targeting skeletal and muscular disorders, cell morphology, and tissue development. BBP decreased transcription of PITX2 and elevated expression of the microRNA miR-137, the predicted upstream negative regulator of PITX2. These data indicated that BBP affects PITX2 expression through miR-137 targeting of the 3' untranslated region of PITX2 mRNA. PITX2 down-regulation also decreased MyoD transcript levels in EN-MSC. Our results demonstrate that BBP decreases EN-MSC myogenic differentiation through up-regulation of miR-137, contribute to our understanding of EN-MSC differentiation, and underline the hazardous potential of environmental hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Sheng Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Hsu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chia Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yu Chuang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yu Long
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hua Hsieh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Eing-Mei Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Foley B, Clewell R, Deisenroth C. Development of a Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Model for Characterization of Chemical Modulation of Adipogenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1089/aivt.2014.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Briana Foley
- Institute for Chemical Safety Sciences, The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Rebecca Clewell
- Institute for Chemical Safety Sciences, The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Chad Deisenroth
- Institute for Chemical Safety Sciences, The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
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