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Gan L, Ye D, Feng Y, Pan H, Lu X, Wan J, Ye J. Immune cells and hypertension. Immunol Res 2024; 72:1-13. [PMID: 38044398 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-023-09414-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is one of the leading causes of death due to target organ injury from cardiovascular disease. Although there are many treatments, only one-sixth of hypertensive patients effectively control their blood pressure. Therefore, further understanding the pathogenesis of hypertension is essential for the treatment of hypertension. Much research shows that immune cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Here, we discuss the roles of different immune cells in hypertension. Many immune cells participate in innate and adaptive immune responses, such as monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, NK cells, and B and T lymphocytes. Immune cells infiltrate the blood vessels, kidneys, and hearts and cause damage. The mechanism is that immune cells secrete cytokines such as interleukin, interferon, and tumor necrosis factor, which affect the inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress, and kidney sodium water retention, and finally aggravate or reduce the dysfunction, remodeling, and fibrosis of the blood vessel, kidney, and heart to participate in blood pressure regulation. This article reviews the research progress on immune cells and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liren Gan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongqi Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiyi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China.
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2
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Arvunescu AM, Ionescu RF, Cretoiu SM, Dumitrescu SI, Zaharia O, Nanea IT. Inflammation in Heart Failure-Future Perspectives. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7738. [PMID: 38137807 PMCID: PMC10743797 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic heart failure is a terminal point of a vast majority of cardiac or extracardiac causes affecting around 1-2% of the global population and more than 10% of the people above the age of 65. Inflammation is persistently associated with chronic diseases, contributing in many cases to the progression of disease. Even in a low inflammatory state, past studies raised the question of whether inflammation is a constant condition, or if it is, rather, triggered in different amounts, according to the phenotype of heart failure. By evaluating the results of clinical studies which focused on proinflammatory cytokines, this review aims to identify the ones that are independent risk factors for heart failure decompensation or cardiovascular death. This review assessed the current evidence concerning the inflammatory activation cascade, but also future possible targets for inflammatory response modulation, which can further impact the course of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Mircea Arvunescu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, “Prof. Dr. Th. Burghele” Clinical Hospital, 061344 Bucharest, Romania; (O.Z.); (I.T.N.)
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050471 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ruxandra Florentina Ionescu
- Department of Cardiology I, Central Military Emergency Hospital “Dr Carol Davila”, 030167 Bucharest, Romania (S.I.D.)
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Sanda Maria Cretoiu
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Silviu Ionel Dumitrescu
- Department of Cardiology I, Central Military Emergency Hospital “Dr Carol Davila”, 030167 Bucharest, Romania (S.I.D.)
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, 040441 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ondin Zaharia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, “Prof. Dr. Th. Burghele” Clinical Hospital, 061344 Bucharest, Romania; (O.Z.); (I.T.N.)
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050471 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioan Tiberiu Nanea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, “Prof. Dr. Th. Burghele” Clinical Hospital, 061344 Bucharest, Romania; (O.Z.); (I.T.N.)
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050471 Bucharest, Romania
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3
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Gao X, DeSantis AJ, Enten GA, Weche M, Marcet JE, Majetschak M. Heteromerization between α 1B -adrenoceptor and chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 biases α 1B -adrenoceptor signaling: Implications for vascular function. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:2706-2716. [PMID: 35920096 PMCID: PMC9830583 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we reported that chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 (CCR2) heteromerizes with α1B -adrenoceptor (α1B -AR) in leukocytes, through which α1B -AR controls CCR2. Whether such heteromers are expressed in human vascular smooth muscle cells (hVSMCs) is unknown. Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer confirmed formation of recombinant CCR2:α1b -AR heteromers. Proximity ligation assays detected CCR2:α1B -AR heteromers in hVSMCs and human mesenteric arteries. CCR2:α1B -AR heteromerization per se enhanced α1B -AR-mediated Gαq -coupling. Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) binding to CCR2 inhibited Gαq activation via α1B -AR, cross-recruited β-arrestin to and induced internalization of α1B -AR in recombinant systems and in hVSMCs. Our findings suggest that CCR2 within CCR2:α1B -AR heteromers biases α1B -AR signaling and provide a mechanism for previous observations suggesting a role for CCL2/CCR2 in the regulation of cardiovascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlong Gao
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Anthony J DeSantis
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Garrett A Enten
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - McWayne Weche
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jorge E Marcet
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Matthias Majetschak
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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4
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Lu X, Wang Z, Ye D, Feng Y, Liu M, Xu Y, Wang M, Zhang J, Liu J, Zhao M, Xu S, Ye J, Wan J. The Role of CXC Chemokines in Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:765768. [PMID: 35668739 PMCID: PMC9163960 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.765768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases with high disability and mortality rates. In the elderly population, the incidence of cardiovascular disease is increasing annually. Between 1990 and 2016, the age-standardised prevalence of CVD in China significantly increased by 14.7%, and the number of cardiovascular disease deaths increased from 2.51 million to 3.97 million. Much research has indicated that cardiovascular disease is closely related to inflammation, immunity, injury and repair. Chemokines, which induce directed chemotaxis of reactive cells, are divided into four subfamilies: CXC, CC, CX3C, and XC. As cytokines, CXC chemokines are similarly involved in inflammation, immunity, injury, and repair and play a role in many cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, cardiac ischaemia-reperfusion injury, hypertension, aortic aneurysm, cardiac fibrosis, postcardiac rejection, and atrial fibrillation. Here, we explored the relationship between the chemokine CXC subset and cardiovascular disease and its mechanism of action with the goal of further understanding the onset of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jing Ye
- *Correspondence: Jing Ye, ; Jun Wan,
| | - Jun Wan
- *Correspondence: Jing Ye, ; Jun Wan,
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Kim HS, Kim HY. Hypertensive effects of transforming growth factor-β1 in vascular smooth muscles cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats are mediated by sulfatase 2. Cytokine 2021; 150:155754. [PMID: 34808537 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular sulfatases (sulfatase 1 and sulfatase 2) mediate up- or down-regulatory effects of cytokines on angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced expression of hypertensive mediators in hypertensive cells. The overproduction of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is associated with chronic hypertension. In this study, we examined the role of extracellular sulfatases on TGF-β1-induced effects associated with the expression of mediators related to hypertension in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). First, TGF-β1 increased the expression of 12-lipoxygenase (12-LO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1), inhibited dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (DDAH-1) expression and showed additive effects on Ang II-induced 12-LO and ET-1 expression as well as Ang II-induced inhibition of DDAH-1 expression in SHR VSMCs. However, it had no effect on the expression of 12-LO, ET-1, and DDAH-1 in VSMCs from normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats. Downregulation of sulfatase 2 (Sulf2) inhibited all of these hypertensive effects caused by TGF-β1, while sulfatase 1 (Sulf1) had no effect on these events in SHR VSMCs. All these hypertensive effects of TGF-β1 were dependent on the Ang II subtype 1 receptor (AT1 R) pathway, and not on Ang II subtype 2 receptor (AT2 R). In addition, downregulation of Sulf2 inhibited the expression of TGF-β1-induced AT1 R and the additive effect of TGF-β1 on Ang II-induced AT1 R expression. Additionally, downregulation of Sulf2, but not Sulf1, abrogated TGF-β1-induced inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and the additive effect of TGF-β1 on Ang II-induced inhibition of AMPK activation via the AT1 R pathway. Moreover, TGF-β1-induced VSMCs proliferation and the additive effect of TGF-β1 on Ang II-induced VSMCs proliferation were abrogated in Sulf2 siRNA-transfected SHR VSMCs, while these effects were maintained in Sulf1 siRNA-transfected SHR VSMCs. The hypertensive effects of TGF-β1 through the AT1 R pathway were mainly dependent on Sulf2 activity in SHR VSMCs. Taken together, these results suggest that Sulf2, but not Sulf1, plays a major role in mediating the increased effects of TGF-β1 in hypertensive VSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Sun Kim
- Department of Microbiology College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hye Young Kim
- Department of Microbiology College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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6
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Geronikolou SA, Pavlopoulou A, Cokkinos DV, Bacopoulou F, Chrousos GP. Polycystic οvary syndrome revisited: An interactions network approach. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13578. [PMID: 33955010 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has genetic, epigenetic, metabolic and reproductive aspects, while its complex pathophysiology has not been conclusively deciphered. AIM The goal of this research was to screen the gene/gene products associated with PCOS and to predict any possible interactions with the highest possible fidelity. MATERIALS AND METHODS STRING v10.5 database and a confidence level of 0.7 were used. RESULTS A highly interconnected network of 48 nodes was created, where insulin (INS) appears to be the major hub. INS upstream and downstream defects were analysed and revealed that only the kisspeptin- and glucagon-coding genes were upstream of INS. CONCLUSION A metabolic dominance was inferred and discussed herein with its implications in puberty, obesity, infertility and cardiovascular function. This study, thus, may contribute to the resolution of a scientific conflict between the USA and EU definitions of the syndrome and/or provide a new P4 medicine approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Styliani A Geronikolou
- Clinical, Translational & Experimental Surgery Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.,University Research Institute of Maternal & Child Health & Precision Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasia Pavlopoulou
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Izmir, Turkey.,Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Dennis V Cokkinos
- Clinical, Translational & Experimental Surgery Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Flora Bacopoulou
- University Research Institute of Maternal & Child Health & Precision Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George P Chrousos
- Clinical, Translational & Experimental Surgery Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.,University Research Institute of Maternal & Child Health & Precision Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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7
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Guebel DV, Torres NV, Acebes Á. Mapping the transcriptomic changes of endothelial compartment in human hippocampus across aging and mild cognitive impairment. Biol Open 2021; 10:264940. [PMID: 34184731 PMCID: PMC8181899 DOI: 10.1242/bio.057950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Compromise of the vascular system has important consequences on cognitive abilities and neurodegeneration. The identification of the main molecular signatures present in the blood vessels of human hippocampus could provide the basis to understand and tackle these pathologies. As direct vascular experimentation in hippocampus is problematic, we achieved this information by computationally disaggregating publicly available whole microarrays data of human hippocampal homogenates. Three conditions were analyzed: ‘Young Adults’, ‘Aged’, and ‘aged with Mild Cognitive Impairment’ (MCI). The genes identified were contrasted against two independent data-sets. Here we show that the endothelial cells from the Younger Group appeared in an ‘activated stage’. In turn, in the Aged Group, the endothelial cells showed a significant loss of response to shear stress, changes in cell adhesion molecules, increased inflammation, brain-insulin resistance, lipidic alterations, and changes in the extracellular matrix. Some specific changes in the MCI group were also detected. Noticeably, in this study the features arisen from the Aged Group (high tortuosity, increased bifurcations, and smooth muscle proliferation), pose the need for further experimental verification to discern between the occurrence of arteriogenesis and/or vascular remodeling by capillary arterialization. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: An integrative picture about the mechanisms operating in the hippocampal vasculature under normal and pathological scenarios is achieved by the computational dissection of microarray data corresponding to whole tissue samples and focusing on gene splice forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel V Guebel
- Program Agustín de Betancourt, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife 38200, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry, Cellular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife 38200, Spain
| | - Néstor V Torres
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife 38200, Spain
| | - Ángel Acebes
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, University of La Laguna, Tenerife 38200, Spain
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Bennett M, Ulitsky I, Alloza I, Vandenbroeck K, Miscianinov V, Mahmoud AD, Ballantyne M, Rodor J, Baker AH. Novel Transcript Discovery Expands the Repertoire of Pathologically-Associated, Long Non-Coding RNAs in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1484. [PMID: 33540814 PMCID: PMC7867340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) provide vital contractile force within blood vessel walls, yet can also propagate cardiovascular pathologies through proliferative and pro-inflammatory activities. Such phenotypes are driven, in part, by the diverse effects of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) on gene expression. However, lncRNA characterisation in VSMCs in pathological states is hampered by incomplete lncRNA representation in reference annotation. We aimed to improve lncRNA representation in such contexts by assembling non-reference transcripts in RNA sequencing datasets describing VSMCs stimulated in vitro with cytokines, growth factors, or mechanical stress, as well as those isolated from atherosclerotic plaques. All transcripts were then subjected to a rigorous lncRNA prediction pipeline. We substantially improved coverage of lncRNAs responding to pro-mitogenic stimuli, with non-reference lncRNAs contributing 21-32% for each dataset. We also demonstrate non-reference lncRNAs were biased towards enriched expression within VSMCs, and transcription from enhancer sites, suggesting particular relevance to VSMC processes, and the regulation of neighbouring protein-coding genes. Both VSMC-enriched and enhancer-transcribed lncRNAs were large components of lncRNAs responding to pathological stimuli, yet without novel transcript discovery 33-46% of these lncRNAs would remain hidden. Our comprehensive VSMC lncRNA repertoire allows proper prioritisation of candidates for characterisation and exemplifies a strategy to broaden our knowledge of lncRNA across a range of disease states.
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MESH Headings
- Aorta/cytology
- Coronary Vessels/cytology
- Cytokines/pharmacology
- Datasets as Topic
- Enhancer Elements, Genetic
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Humans
- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/pharmacology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding/analysis
- RNA, Long Noncoding/isolation & purification
- RNA-Seq
- Stress, Mechanical
- Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
- Transcriptome
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Bennett
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; (M.B.); (V.M.); (A.D.M.); (M.B.); (J.R.)
| | - Igor Ulitsky
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;
| | - Iraide Alloza
- Inflammation & Biomarkers Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces Plaza, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (I.A.); (K.V.)
| | - Koen Vandenbroeck
- Inflammation & Biomarkers Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces Plaza, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (I.A.); (K.V.)
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 3 María Díaz Haroko Kalea, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Vladislav Miscianinov
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; (M.B.); (V.M.); (A.D.M.); (M.B.); (J.R.)
| | - Amira Dia Mahmoud
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; (M.B.); (V.M.); (A.D.M.); (M.B.); (J.R.)
| | - Margaret Ballantyne
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; (M.B.); (V.M.); (A.D.M.); (M.B.); (J.R.)
| | - Julie Rodor
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; (M.B.); (V.M.); (A.D.M.); (M.B.); (J.R.)
| | - Andrew H. Baker
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; (M.B.); (V.M.); (A.D.M.); (M.B.); (J.R.)
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9
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Kim HY, Kim HS. Sulfatase 1 mediates IL-10-induced dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 expression and antiproliferative effects in vascular smooth muscle cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Cytokine 2021; 137:155344. [PMID: 33128921 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular sulfatases (exSulfs) sulfatase 1 (Sulf1) and sulfatase 2 (Sulf2) are well-known regulators of cell signaling and metabolism. In addition, exSulfs mediate the up- or downregulatory effects of cytokines on angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced expression of hypertensive mediators in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Previously, we demonstrated that interleukin-10 (IL-10)-induced dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (DDAH-1) expression was mediated by Ang II subtype 2 receptor (AT2 R) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, and that IL-10-mediated inhibition of Ang II-induced proliferation of SHRs VSMC was partially associated with DDAH-1. In this study, we examined the effects of exSulfs on IL-10-induced DDAH-1 expression, abrogation of Ang II-induced DDAH-1 downregulation, and inhibition of Ang II-induced proliferation of SHRs VSMC. IL-10-induced DDAH-1 expression and abrogation of Ang II-induced DDAH-1 downregulation were attenuated in Sulf1 siRNA-transfected SHRs VSMC. However, Sulf2 did not affect IL-10-induced DDAH-1 expression and abrogation of Ang II-induced DDAH-1 downregulation. Downregulation of Sulf1 inhibited IL-10-induced AT2 R expression and the synergistic effects of IL-10 on Ang II-induced AT2 R expression. Additionally, Sulf1 downregulation inhibited IL-10-induced AMPK activity and abrogation of Ang II-induced decrease in AMPK activity. Moreover, the IL-10-mediated inhibition of Ang II-induced proliferation was not detected in Sulf1 siRNA-transfected SHRs VSMC; IL-10-mediated inhibition of Ang II-induced VSMC proliferation was mediated via the AT2 R pathway and AMPK activation. Specifically, IL-10-induced DDAH-1 expression, abrogation of Ang II-induced DDAH-1 downregulation, and inhibition of Ang II-induced proliferation, which is mediated by the AT2 R pathway and AMPK activation, are mainly mediated by Sulf1 activity in SHRs VSMC. These results suggest that Sulf1, and not Sulf2, mediates the IL-10-induced inhibition of Ang II-induced hypertensive effects in SHRs VSMC.
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MESH Headings
- Amidohydrolases/genetics
- Amidohydrolases/metabolism
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Animals
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects
- Interleukin-10/pharmacology
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- RNA Interference
- Rats, Inbred SHR
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Sulfotransferases/genetics
- Sulfotransferases/metabolism
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Young Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sun Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Mikolajczyk TP, Szczepaniak P, Vidler F, Maffia P, Graham GJ, Guzik TJ. Role of inflammatory chemokines in hypertension. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 223:107799. [PMID: 33359600 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is associated with immune cells activation and their migration into the kidney, vasculature, heart and brain. These inflammatory mechanisms are critical for blood pressure regulation and mediate target organ damage, creating unique novel targets for pharmacological modulation. In response to angiotensin II and other pro-hypertensive stimuli, the expression of several inflammatory chemokines and their receptors is increased in the target organs, mediating homing of immune cells. In this review, we summarize the contribution of key inflammatory chemokines and their receptors to increased accumulation of immune cells in target organs and effects on vascular dysfunction, remodeling, oxidative stress and fibrosis, all of which contribute to blood pressure elevation. In particular, the role of CCL2, CCL5, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCL16, CXCL1, CX3CL1, XCL1 and their receptors in the context of hypertension is discussed. Recent studies have tested the efficacy of pharmacological or genetic targeting of chemokines and their receptors on the development of hypertension. Promising results indicate that some of these pathways may serve as future therapeutic targets to improve blood pressure control and prevent target organ consequences including kidney failure, heart failure, atherosclerosis or cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz P Mikolajczyk
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Piotr Szczepaniak
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Francesca Vidler
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Pasquale Maffia
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; BHF Centre for Excellence Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gerard J Graham
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; BHF Centre for Excellence Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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11
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Kim HY, Jeong DW, Kim HS. Sulfatase 2 mediates, partially, the expression of endothelin-1 and the additive effect of Ang II-induced endothelin-1 expression by CXCL8 in vascular smooth muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats. Cytokine 2019; 114:98-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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12
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Cha HJ, Kim HY, Kim HS. Sulfatase 1 mediates the attenuation of Ang II-induced hypertensive effects by CCL5 in vascular smooth muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats. Cytokine 2018; 110:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Nair J, Kakkar VV, Shanker J. Comparative analysis of inflammatory gene expression levels in metabolic syndrome & coronary artery disease. Indian J Med Res 2018; 145:777-785. [PMID: 29067980 PMCID: PMC5674548 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1678_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases the likelihood of developing coronary artery disease (CAD), and inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of both these conditions. The present work was conducted to examine the relative expression of 18 key inflammatory genes associated with MetS and incident CAD in a representative group of patients. METHODS A total of 178 male patients, including 57 with CAD and 121 without CAD, were enrolled in the study. The participants without CAD were characterized for the presence of MetS using modified criteria specific for Asian Indians, which included a lower cut-off for waist circumference (≥90 cm for men). The expression of 18 inflammatory genes was evaluated in peripheral whole blood by quantitative polymerase chain reaction method. RESULTS Of the 121 participants without CAD, 53 (43.8%) had three or more risk factors (MetS group), 50 (41.3%) had one or two risk factors (non-MetS group), while 18 (14.8%) did not have any risk factors (control group). High nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) expression levels and low interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels were observed in MetS patients. Linear association was seen between NF-κB and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) expression and with increase in MetS components. Comparison of gene expression pattern between CAD and MetS revealed significantly higher expression of leukotriene genes - arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5), arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (ALOX5 AP), leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) and leukotriene C4 synthase (LTC4S), and lower expression of NF-κB, interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) genes in CAD. There was linear increase in expression of LTA4H, LTC4S, IL-8 and VEGFA genes across the four groups, namely from controls, non-MetS, MetS and CAD. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS A distinct gene expression pattern was seen in MetS and CAD implying a well-orchestrated inflammatory and immune activity. Specifically, NF-κB might be playing an active role in MetS, allowing further expansion of the inflammatory process with resolution of inflammation in full-blown CAD, wherein other gene players such as leukotrienes may dominate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiny Nair
- Mary & Garry Weston Functional Genomics Unit, Bengaluru, India
| | - Vijay V Kakkar
- Chairman, Thrombosis Research Institute, Bengaluru, Narayana Hrudayalaya, Bengaluru, India; President, Thrombosis Research Institute, London, UK
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Pedro RE, Candido N, Guariglia DA, Melo BP, Bertolini DA, Peres SB, Franzói de Moraes SM. Exercise improves cytokine profile in HIV-infected people: A randomized clinical trial. Cytokine 2017; 99:18-23. [PMID: 28683357 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Verify the effects of concurrent training on cytokines in people living with HIV under antiretroviral therapy (ART) treatment. METHODS This was a blinded, parallel-group, clinical trial, where 49 participants, divided in two groups, either control group or concurrent training group, took part in the intervention. The control group performed recreational activities and concurrent training group participated of 16-week, 3 times per week of heart rate guided-aerobic plus resistance training for major muscular groups. Cytokines (interleukins 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) were measured before and after 16-week experimental period using flow cytometry. RESULTS From 49 participants who took part in the intervention, 28 completed the program and had data analyzed. There was a significant interaction for IL-8, which increased for control group: 7.1±5.1 vs. 8.1±6.0 and a decrease for concurrent training: 8.0±4.4 vs. 5.4±2.3. In addition, magnitude-based inference showed a likely beneficial effect for the training group when compared to the control group for IL-8, IL-5, and IL-10. The difference perceptual: mean and [CI 90%] between delta of difference within groups was -43.1 [-64.0 to -10.0] and -6.6 [-14.7 to 2.3], respectively. CONCLUSION Short-term exercise is able to decrease the levels of IL-5, IL-8, and IL-10 in HIV-infected people undergoing ART.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadia Candido
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Pereira Melo
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, EEFFTO, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Sidney Barnabé Peres
- Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
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15
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High phosphate induces a pro-inflammatory response by vascular smooth muscle cells and modulation by vitamin D derivatives. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:1449-1463. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20160807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In chronic kidney disease patients, high phosphate (HP) levels are associated with cardiovascular disease, the major cause of morbidity and mortality. Since serum phosphate has been independently correlated with inflammation, the present study aimed to investigate an independent direct effect of HP as a pro-inflammatory factor in VSMCs. A possible modulatory effect of vitamin D (VitD) was also investigated. The study was performed in an in vitro model of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). Incubation of cells in an HP (3.3 mM) medium caused an increased expression of the pro-inflammatory mediators intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), interleukins (ILs) IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) (not corroborated at the protein levels for ICAM-1), as well as an increase in reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) production. This was accompanied by the activation of nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signalling as demonstrated by the increase in the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells protein 65 (p65-NF-κΒ) assessed by Western blotting and confocal microscopy. Since all these events were attenuated by an antioxidant pre-incubation with the radical scavenger Mn(III)tetrakis (4-benzoic acid) porphyrin (MnTBAP), it is suggested that the inflammatory response is upstream mediated by the ROS/RNS-induced activation of NF-κΒ. Addition of paricalcitol (PC) 3·10−8 M to cells in HP prevented the phosphate induced ROS/RNS increase, the activation of NF-κΒ and the cytokine up-regulation. A bimodal effect was observed, however, for different calcitriol (CTR) concentrations, 10−10 and 10−12 M attenuated but 10−8 M stimulated this phosphate induced pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory response. Therefore, these findings provide novel mechanisms whereby HP may directly favour vascular dysfunctions and new insights into the protective effects exerted by VitD derivatives.
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Chan ASL, Lau WWI, Szeto ACH, Wang J, Wong YH. Differential Regulation of CXCL8 Production by Different G Protein Subunits with Synergistic Stimulation by Gi- and Gq-Regulated Pathways. J Mol Biol 2016; 428:3869-84. [PMID: 27040396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
CXCL8 (also known as interleukin-8 or IL-8) is a proinflammatory chemokine that not only modulates the inflammatory and immune responses, but whose upregulation is often associated with diseases including various types of cancer. Although numerous ligands for G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been shown to stimulate the production of CXCL8, the specificity of the G protein signal remains undefined. By expressing the constitutively active Gα subunits in HEK293 cells, CXCL8 production was herein demonstrated to be most effectively stimulated by Gαq family members, while those of Gαs and Gα12 elicited much weaker activities, and Gαi being totally ineffective. However, in cell lines such as HepG2, HeLa, and MCF-7 that endogenously express Gβγ-responsive phospholipase Cβ isoforms (PLCβ2/3), activation of the Gi-coupled α2-adrenoceptor significantly stimulated CXCL8 production. This Gi-induced CXCL8 production was apparently mediated via specific Gβγ dimers and required the presence of PLCβ2/3. Co-activation of Gi-coupled α2-adrenoceptor and Gq-coupled bradykinin receptor resulted in a synergistic CXCL8 production, with Gβγ-responsive PLCβ2/3, Src, ERK, and STAT3 serving as critical signaling intermediates. The treatment of HepG2 and B-10 endothelial cells with bradykinin stimulated CXCL8 production and cell proliferation. Interestingly, the latter response was driven by CXCL8 autocrine signaling because it was abolished by SB225002, an antagonist that prevents CXCL8 from binding to CXCR2. Collectively, our results provide a mechanistic basis for various G protein subfamilies to regulate the production of CXCL8, which may then lead to paracrine and/or autocrine signaling with major implications in both normal physiology and pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony S L Chan
- Division of Life Science and the Biotechnology Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Winnie W I Lau
- Division of Life Science and the Biotechnology Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Aydan C H Szeto
- Division of Life Science and the Biotechnology Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiuling Wang
- Division of Life Science and the Biotechnology Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yung H Wong
- Division of Life Science and the Biotechnology Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 mediates inhibitory effect of interleukin-10 on angiotensin II-induced hypertensive effects in vascular smooth muscle cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Cytokine 2016; 77:203-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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Kim HY, Cha HJ, Kim HS. CCL5 upregulates IL-10 expression and partially mediates the antihypertensive effects of IL-10 in the vascular smooth muscle cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertens Res 2015; 38:666-74. [PMID: 25971630 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2015.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-10 inhibits angiotensin (Ang) II-induced vascular dysfunction and reduces blood pressure in hypertensive pregnant rats. The chemokine CCL5 has also been shown to downregulate Ang II-induced hypertensive mediators in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). This study investigated the effects of CCL5 on IL-10 expression, as well as its mechanisms of action in the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of SHRs. CCL5 increased IL-10 expression in the VSMCs of SHRs; the s.c. injection of CCL5 (1.5 μg kg(-1), twice a day) for 3 weeks into SHRs with established hypertension upregulated IL-10 expression in both the thoracic aorta and the VSMCs and decreased systolic blood pressure. CCL5-induced the elevation of IL-10 expression, an effect mediated primarily via the activation of an Ang II subtype II receptor (AT2 R). Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH)-1 activity also contributed to the elevation of IL-10 expression via CCL5 in the VSMCs of SHRs. Moreover, CCL5 partially mediated the inhibitory effects of IL-10 on Ang II-induced 12-lipoxygenase (LO) and endothelin (ET)-1 expression in the VSMCs of SHRs. Taken together, this study provides novel evidence that CCL5 plays a role in the upregulation of IL-10 activity in the VSMCs of SHRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Young Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hye Ju Cha
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hee Sun Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, South Korea
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Chistiakov DA, Orekhov AN, Bobryshev YV. Vascular smooth muscle cell in atherosclerosis. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2015; 214:33-50. [PMID: 25677529 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) exhibit phenotypic and functional plasticity in order to respond to vascular injury. In case of the vessel damage, VSMCs are able to switch from the quiescent 'contractile' phenotype to the 'proinflammatory' phenotype. This change is accompanied by decrease in expression of smooth muscle (SM)-specific markers responsible for SM contraction and production of proinflammatory mediators that modulate induction of proliferation and chemotaxis. Indeed, activated VSMCs could efficiently proliferate and migrate contributing to the vascular wall repair. However, in chronic inflammation that occurs in atherosclerosis, arterial VSMCs become aberrantly regulated and this leads to increased VSMC dedifferentiation and extracellular matrix formation in plaque areas. Proatherosclerotic switch in VSMC phenotype is a complex and multistep mechanism that may be induced by a variety of proinflammatory stimuli and hemodynamic alterations. Disturbances in hemodynamic forces could initiate the proinflammatory switch in VSMC phenotype even in pre-clinical stages of atherosclerosis. Proinflammatory signals play a crucial role in further dedifferentiation of VSMCs in affected vessels and propagation of pathological vascular remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. A. Chistiakov
- Research Center for Children's Health; Moscow Russia
- The Mount Sinai Community Clinical Oncology Program; Mount Sinai Comprehensive Cancer Center; Mount Sinai Medical Center; Miami Beach FL USA
| | - A. N. Orekhov
- Institute for Atherosclerosis; Skolkovo Innovative Center; Moscow Russia
- Laboratory of Angiopathology; Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology; Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow Russia
- Department of Biophysics; Biological Faculty; Moscow State University; Moscow Russia
| | - Y. V. Bobryshev
- Institute for Atherosclerosis; Skolkovo Innovative Center; Moscow Russia
- Faculty of Medicine; School of Medical Sciences; University of New South Wales; Kensington Sydney NSW Australia
- School of Medicine; University of Western Sydney; Campbelltown NSW Australia
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20
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Des-aspartate angiotensin I (DAA-I) reduces endothelial dysfunction in the aorta of the spontaneously hypertensive rat through inhibition of angiotensin II-induced oxidative stress. Vascul Pharmacol 2015; 71:151-8. [PMID: 25869508 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Des-aspartate angiotensin I (DAA-I), an endogenous nonapeptide, counteracts several effects of angiotensin II on vascular tone. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute protective effect of DAA-I on endothelial function in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) as well as its effect on angiotensin II-induced contractions and oxidative stress. Aortic rings were incubated with DAA-I (0.1μM) for 30min prior to the assessment of angiotensin II-induced contractions (0.1nM-10μM) in WKY and SHR aortas. Total nitrate and nitrite levels were assessed using a colorimetric method and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by dihydroethidium (DHE) fluorescence and lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence. The effect of DAA-I was also assessed against endothelium-dependent and -independent relaxations to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside, respectively. Angiotensin II-induced contractions were significantly reduced by DAA-I, losartan and tempol. Incubation with ODQ (soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor) and removal of the endothelium prevented the reduction of angiotensin II-induced contractions by DAA-I. Total nitrate and nitrite levels were increased in DAA-I, losartan and tempol treated-SHR tissues while ROS level was reduced by DAA-I and the latter inhibitors. In addition, DAA-I significantly improved the impaired acetylcholine-induced relaxation in SHR aortas whilst sodium nitroprusside-induced endothelium-independent relaxation remained unaffected. The present findings indicate that improvement of endothelial function by DAA-I in the SHR aorta is mediated through endothelium-dependent release of nitric oxide and inhibition of angiotensin II-induced oxidative stress.
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21
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Kim HY, Cha HJ, Choi JH, Kang YJ, Park SY, Kim HS. CCL5 Inhibits Elevation of Blood Pressure and Expression of Hypertensive Mediators in Developing Hypertension State Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4167/jbv.2015.45.2.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Young Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hye Ju Cha
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jin Hee Choi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Young Jin Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea
| | - So Young Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hee Sun Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea
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22
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Rogers NM, Isenberg JS. Endothelial cell global positioning system for pulmonary arterial hypertension: homing in on vascular repair. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:1336-8. [PMID: 24951651 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.303877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha M Rogers
- From the Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine (N.M.R., J.S.I.), Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery (N.M.R., J.S.I.), and Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine (J.S.I.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA
| | - Jeffrey S Isenberg
- From the Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine (N.M.R., J.S.I.), Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery (N.M.R., J.S.I.), and Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine (J.S.I.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA.
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23
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Kim HY, Kim HS. IL-10 up-regulates CCL5 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats. Cytokine 2014; 68:40-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Kim HY, Cha HJ, Kim HS. CCL5 upregulates activation of AMP-activated protein kinases in vascular smooth muscle cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Cytokine 2014; 67:77-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2014.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kim HY, Kim JH, Kim HS. Effect of CCL5 on dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 production in vascular smooth muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats. Cytokine 2013; 64:227-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2013.06.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Robinson KG, Nie T, Baldwin A, Yang E, Kiick KL, Akins RE. Differential effects of substrate modulus on human vascular endothelial, smooth muscle, and fibroblastic cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 100:1356-67. [PMID: 22374788 PMCID: PMC3351091 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Revised: 01/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine approaches offer attractive alternatives to standard vascular reconstruction; however, the biomaterials to be used must have optimal biochemical and mechanical properties. To evaluate the effects of biomaterial properties on vascular cells, heparinized poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based hydrogels of three different moduli, 13.7, 5.2, and 0.3 kPa, containing fibronectin and growth factor were utilized to support the growth of three human vascular cell types. The cell types exhibited differences in attachment, proliferation, and gene expression profiles associated with the hydrogel modulus. Human vascular smooth muscle cells demonstrated preferential attachment on the highest-modulus hydrogel, adventitial fibroblasts demonstrated preferential growth on the highest-modulus hydrogel, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells demonstrated preferential growth on the lowest-modulus hydrogel investigated. Our studies suggest that the growth of multiple vascular cell types can be supported by PEG hydrogels and that different populations can be controlled by altering the mechanical properties of biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyn G. Robinson
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Nemours Biomedical Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Ting Nie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Aaron Baldwin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Elaine Yang
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Nemours Biomedical Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Kristi L. Kiick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, 15 Innovation Way, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Robert E. Akins
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Nemours Biomedical Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
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Wakabayashi Y, Usui Y, Okunuki Y, Kezuka T, Takeuchi M, Iwasaki T, Ohno A, Goto H. Increases of vitreous monocyte chemotactic protein 1 and interleukin 8 levels in patients with concurrent hypertension and diabetic retinopathy. Retina 2012; 31:1951-7. [PMID: 21610567 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0b013e31820d3cee] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether concurrent hypertension affects vitreous cytokine levels in diabetic retinopathy. METHODS Vitreous samples from 41 patients with diabetic retinopathy with or without concurrent hypertension, who underwent vitrectomy, were collected. Vitreous cytokine concentrations were simultaneously measured using flow cytometry. Patients were stratified according to hypertension or other clinical conditions, and the differences in vitreous levels of monocyte chemotactic protein 1, interleukin 8, vascular endothelial growth factor, interferon-inducible protein 10, and monokine induced by interferon gamma were examined. RESULTS Vitreous levels of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 and interleukin 8 were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in hypertensive patients than in nonhypertensive patients and were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in active diabetic retinopathy than in inactive diabetic retinopathy. Vitreous levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, interferon-inducible protein 10, and monokine induced by interferon gamma were not affected by the coexistence of hypertension. In multivariate models, active diabetic retinopathy (P = 0.004 and P = 0.007), systolic blood pressure (P = 0.039 and P = 0.041), and hypertension (P = 0.032 and P = 0.035) were significant and independent predictors for increased vitreous monocyte chemotactic protein 1 and interleukin 8 levels. CONCLUSION Both monocyte chemotactic protein 1 and interleukin 8 levels were elevated in the vitreous of patients with diabetic retinopathy and concurrent hypertension. These findings may help to explain the epidemiologic and clinical evidence that systemic hypertension exacerbates diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Wakabayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hachiouji Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Kim HY, Choi JH, Kang YJ, Park SY, Choi HC, Kim HS. Reparixin, an Inhibitor of CXCR1 and CXCR2 Receptor Activation, Attenuates Blood Pressure and Hypertension-Related Mediators Expression in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 34:120-7. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Young Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Aging-associated Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University
| | - Jin Hee Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Aging-associated Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University
| | - Young Jin Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, Aging-associated Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University
| | - So Young Park
- Department of Physiology, Aging-associated Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University
| | - Hyoung Chul Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, Aging-associated Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University
| | - Hee Sun Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Aging-associated Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University
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Kim JH, Kim HS. Downregulation of Angiotensin II-Induced 12-Lipoxygenase Expression and Cell Proliferation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells from Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats by CCL5. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2009; 13:385-92. [PMID: 19915702 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2009.13.5.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2009] [Revised: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 10/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin II (Ang II) plays an important role in vascular hypertension. The role of the chemokine CCL5 on Ang II-induced activities in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) has not been studied. In this study, we elucidated the effect of CCL5 on Ang II-induced 12-lipoxygenase (LO) expression and cell proliferation in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) VSMCs. CCL5 decreased Ang II-induced 12-LO mRNA expression and protein production, and it increased Ang II type 2 (AT(2)) receptor expression in SHR VSMCs. The inhibitory effect of CCL5 on Ang II-induced 12-LO mRNA expression was mediated through the AT(2) receptor. Although treatment of CCL5 alone induced SHR VSMCs proliferation, CCL5 inhibited Ang II-induced VSMCs proliferation and PD123,319, an AT(2) receptor antagonist, blocked the inhibitory effect of CCL5 on Ang II-induced VSMCs proliferation. Phosphorylation of p38 was detected in VSMCs treated with Ang II or CCL5 alone. But, decrease of p38 phosphorylation was detected in VSMCs treated with Ang II and CCL5 simultaneously (Ang II/CCL5) and PD123,319 increased p38 phosphorylation in VSMCs treated with Ang II/CCL5. Therefore, these results suggest that the inhibitory effect of CCL5 on Ang II-induced VSMCs proliferation is mediated by the AT(2) receptor via p38 inactivation, and CCL5 may play a beneficial role in Ang II-induced vascular hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hae Kim
- Department of Microbiology, and Aging-associated Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 705-717, Korea
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Larrosa M, Luceri C, Vivoli E, Pagliuca C, Lodovici M, Moneti G, Dolara P. Polyphenol metabolites from colonic microbiota exert anti-inflammatory activity on different inflammation models. Mol Nutr Food Res 2009; 53:1044-54. [PMID: 19557820 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200800446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The polyphenols in fruits and vegetables may be partly responsible for the health-promoting effects attributed to fruit and vegetable intake. Although their properties have been relatively well studied, the activity of their metabolites, produced after ingestion, has been poorly investigated. Thus, the aim of this work was to study the potential anti-inflammatory effect of 18 polyphenol metabolites, derived from colon microbiota. They were screened by measuring prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production by CCD-18 colon fibroblast cells stimulated with IL-1beta. Metabolites that inhibited more than 50% PGE(2) production were hydrocaffeic (HCAF), dihydroxyphenyl acetic (dOHPA), and hydroferulic acid (HFER), that subsequently were tested with the writhing and paw pressure test in rodents where all three compounds showed an anti-inflammatory effect. The effect of HCAF administered orally (50 mg/kg) was also tested in the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis model. Weight loss and fecal water content were more pronounced in DSS rats than in DSS-HCAF treated rats. HCAF treatment diminished the expression of the cytokines IL-1beta, IL-8, and TNF-alpha, reduced malonyldialdehyde (MDA) levels and oxidative DNA damage (measured as 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine levels) in distal colon mucosa. These results indicate that HCAF, dOHPA, and HFER have anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Larrosa
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy.
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31
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Pro-inflammatory cytokines of rat vasculature in DOCA-salt treatment. Mol Biol Rep 2009; 37:2111-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-009-9676-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2009] [Accepted: 07/27/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Apostolakis S, Vogiatzi K, Amanatidou V, Spandidos DA. Interleukin 8 and cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Res 2009; 84:353-60. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvp241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Circulating IL-8 levels in heart failure patients with and without metabolic syndrome. Clin Chim Acta 2009; 405:139-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2009.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2009] [Revised: 04/25/2009] [Accepted: 04/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kim JH, Kang YJ, Kim HS. IL-8/CXCL8 Upregulates 12-Lipoxygenase Expression in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells from Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Immune Netw 2009; 9:106-13. [PMID: 20107540 PMCID: PMC2803299 DOI: 10.4110/in.2009.9.3.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2009] [Revised: 05/15/2009] [Accepted: 05/26/2009] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We previously demonstrated remarkable differences in the expression of IL-8/CXCL8 in aortic tissues and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) compared to VSMC from normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). In the present study, we investigated the direct effect of IL-8/CXCL8 on expression of 12-lipoxygenase (LO), a hypertensive modulator, in SHR VSMC. Methods Cultured aortic VSMC from SHR and WKY were used. Expression of 12-LO mRNA was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Phosphorlyation of ERK1/2 and production of 12-LO and angiotensin II subtype 1 (AT1) receptor were assessed by Western blots. IL-8/CXCL8-stimulated DNA synthesis was determined by measuring incorporation of [3H]-thymidine. And effect of IL-8/CXCL8 on vascular tone was determined by phenylephrine-induced contraction of thoracic aortic rings. Results Treatment with IL-8/CXCL8 greatly increased 12-LO mRNA expression and protein production compared to treatment with angiotensin II. IL-8/CXCL8 also increased the expression of the AT1 receptor. The increase in 12-LO induced by IL-8/CXCL8 was inhibited by treatment with an AT1 receptor antagonist. The induction of 12-LO mRNA production and the proliferation of SHR VSMC by IL-8/CXCL8 was mediated by the ERK pathway. The proliferation of SHR VSMC and the vascular contraction in the thoracic aortic ring, both of which were induced by IL-8/CXCL8, were inhibited by baicalein, a 12-LO inhibitor. Conclusion These results suggest that the potential role of IL-8/CXCL8 in hypertensive processes is likely mediated through the 12-LO pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hae Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea
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Kim JH, Kim HS. 15-Deoxy-Delta-Prostaglandin J(2) Upregulates the Expression of LPS-Induced IL-8/CXCL8 mRNA in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells from Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Immune Netw 2009; 9:64-73. [PMID: 20107546 PMCID: PMC2803308 DOI: 10.4110/in.2009.9.2.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2009] [Revised: 02/23/2009] [Accepted: 03/04/2009] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background 15d-PGJ2 has been known to act as an anti-inflammatory agent and has anti-hypertensive effects. As a result of these properties, we examined the effect of 15d-PGJ2 on the LPS-induced IL-8/CXCL8 mRNA expression in VSMCs from SHR. Methods Effect and action mechanism of 15d-PGJ2 on the expression of LPS-induced IL-8/CXCL8 mRNA in VSMCs from SHR and WKY were examined by using real-time polymerase chain reaction, electrophoretic mobility shift assay for NF-κB avtivity, Western blotting analysis for ERK and p38 phosphorylation and flow cytometry for NAD(P)H oxidase activity. Results 15d-PGJ2 decreased the expression of LPS-induced IL-8/CXCL8 mRNA in WKY VSMCs, but increased the expression of LPS-induced IL-8/CXCL8 mRNA in SHR VSMCs. The upregulatory effect of 15d-PGJ2 in SHR VSMCs was mediated through PPARγ, and dependent on NF-κB activation and ERK phosphorylation. However, inhibition of the p38 signaling pathway augmented the upregulatory effect of 15d-PGJ2 on LPS-induced IL-8/CXCL8 mRNA. A NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor inhibited the upregulatory effect of 15d-PGJ2 on LPS-induced IL-8/CXCL8 mRNA expression in SHR VSMCs, and an increase in NAD(P)H oxidase activity was detected in SHR VSMCs treated with 15d-PGJ2/LPS. Conclusion Our results indicate that the upregulatory effect of 15d-PGJ2 on LPS-induced IL-8/CXCL8 expression in SHR VSMCs is mediated through the PPARγ and ERK pathway, and may be related to NAD(P)H oxidase activity. However, p38 inactivation may also play an important role in 15d-PGJ2/LPS-induced IL-8/CXCL8 expression in SHR VSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hae Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, and Aging-associated Vascular Disease Research Center, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea
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Sullivan JC, Pardieck JL, Doran D, Zhang Y, She JX, Pollock JS. Greater fractalkine expression in mesenteric arteries of female spontaneously hypertensive rats compared with males. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2009; 296:H1080-8. [PMID: 19201996 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01093.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A mircoarray analysis was performed to identify novel inflammatory genes that are differentially expressed in the mesenteric arteries of male and female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Fractalkine was found to be the inflammatory gene with the greatest differential expression in mesenteric arteries, with the expression being greater in female SHRs compared with males. Greater inflammatory mediators in female SHRs were verified by measuring urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, transforming growth factor-beta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) excretion, all of which were greater in female SHRs compared with males. Real-time PCR, Western blot analysis, and ELISA verified greater soluble fractalkine in mesenteric arteries of female SHRs. Consistent with increased fractalkine expression, TNF-alpha-converting enzyme and TNF-alpha levels in mesenteric arteries were also greater in female SHRs. We next tested the hypothesis that mesenteric arteries from female SHRs will have greater fractalkine-induced dysfunction. Acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside, phenylephrine, and KCl concentration-response curves were performed in third-order mesenteric arteries from male and female SHRs pretreated with either vehicle or fractalkine (1 microg/ml). Fractalkine decreased sensitivity to 1) acetylcholine in arteries from male SHRs, 2) phenylephrine in arteries from both sexes, and 3) KCl in arteries from female SHRs. In conclusion, urinary and vascular markers of inflammation are greater in female SHRs compared with males, although blood pressure and cardiovascular risk are less in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C Sullivan
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Biotechnology and Genome Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Austa, George, USA.
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Bae JJ, Kim JH, Kim H, Kim HS. Expression of Endothelin-1 by Stimulation with CXCL8 in Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.4167/jbv.2009.39.3.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jei-Jun Bae
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung-Hae Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hee-Sun Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea
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Kang YJ, Kim HS, Choi HC. Troglitazone Increases IL-1.BETA. Induced Cyclooxygenase-2 and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression via Enhanced Phosphorylation of I.KAPPA.B.ALPHA. in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells from Wistar-Kyoto Rats and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2008; 31:1955-8. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.1955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young Jin Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, Aging-associated Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University
| | - Hee Sun Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Aging-associated Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University
| | - Hyoung Chul Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, Aging-associated Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University
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