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Zhang G, Fu Y, Li Y, Li Q, Wang S, Shi H. Oral Immunization with Attenuated Salmonella Choleraesuis Expressing the FedF Antigens Protects Mice against the Shiga-Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Challenge. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1726. [PMID: 38136597 PMCID: PMC10741478 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Edema disease (ED) is a severe and lethal infectious ailment in swine, stemming from Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). An efficient, user-friendly, and safe vaccine against ED is urgently required to improve animal welfare and decrease antibiotic consumption. Recombinant attenuated Salmonella vaccines (RASV) administered orally induce both humoral and mucosal immune responses to the immunizing antigen. Their potential for inducing protective immunity against ED is significant through the delivery of STEC antigens. rSC0016 represents an enhanced recombinant attenuated vaccine vector designed for Salmonella enterica serotype Choleraesuis. It combines sopB mutations with a regulated delay system to strike a well-balanced equilibrium between host safety and immunogenicity. We generated recombinant vaccine strains, namely rSC0016 (pS-FedF) and rSC0016 (pS-rStx2eA), and assessed their safety and immunogenicity in vivo. The findings demonstrated that the mouse models immunized with rSC0016 (pS-FedF) and rSC0016 (pS-rStx2eA) generated substantial IgG antibody responses to FedF and rStx2eA, while also provoking robust mucosal and cellular immune responses against both FedF and rStx2eA. The protective impact of rSC0016 (pS-FedF) against Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli surpassed that of rSC0016 (pS-rStx2eA), with percentages of 83.3%. These findings underscore that FedF has greater suitability for vaccine delivery via recombinant attenuated Salmonella vaccines (RASVs). Overall, this study provides a promising candidate vaccine for infection with STEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.Z.); (Y.F.); (Q.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yang Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.Z.); (Y.F.); (Q.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yu’an Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.Z.); (Y.F.); (Q.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Quan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.Z.); (Y.F.); (Q.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shifeng Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0880, USA;
| | - Huoying Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.Z.); (Y.F.); (Q.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University (JIRLAAPS), Yangzhou 225009, China
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Senevirathne A, Aganja RP, Hewawaduge C, Lee JH. Inflammation-Related Immune-Modulatory SLURP1 Prevents the Proliferation of Human Colon Cancer Cells, and Its Delivery by Salmonella Demonstrates Cross-Species Efficacy against Murine Colon Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2462. [PMID: 37896222 PMCID: PMC10609686 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the anticancer properties of the α7-nAChR antagonist SLURP1 with a specific focus on its effect as an inflammation modulator on human colorectal cancer cell lines Caco2, Colo320DM, and H508 cells. The investigation includes the evaluation of cell cycle arrest, cell migration arrest, endogenous expression of SLURP1 and related proteins, calcium influx, and inflammatory responses. The results demonstrate that SLURP1 not only inhibits cell proliferation but also has the potential to arrest the cell cycle at the G1/S interface. The impact of SLURP1 on cell cycle regulation varied among cell lines, with H508 cells displaying the strongest response to exogenous SLURP1. Additionally, SLURP1 affects the nuclear factor kappa B expression and effectively reverses inflammatory responses elicited by purified lipopolysaccharides in H508 and Caco2 cells. This study further confirmed the expression of human SLURP1 by Salmonella, under Ptrc promoter, through Western blot analysis. Moreover, Salmonella secreting SLURP1 revealed a significant tumor regression in a mouse CT26 tumor model, suggesting the cross-species anticancer potential of human SLURP1. However, further investigations are required to fully understand the mechanisms underlying SLURP1's ability to prevent cancer proliferation and its protective function in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Senevirathne
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea; (A.S.); (R.P.A.)
| | - Ram Prasad Aganja
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea; (A.S.); (R.P.A.)
- Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Chamith Hewawaduge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea; (A.S.); (R.P.A.)
| | - John Hwa Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea; (A.S.); (R.P.A.)
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Hewawaduge C, Senevirathne A, Yang MS, Jeong TW, Kim B, Lee JH. Comparative study of sodium bicarbonate- and magnesium hydroxide-based gastric antacids for the effectiveness of Salmonella delivered Brucella antigens against wild type challenge in BALB/c mice. Pathog Dis 2021; 79:6126344. [PMID: 33527985 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftab002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We compared the effects of two antacid formulations based on sodium bicarbonate and magnesium hydroxide on a Salmonella-delivered oral Brucella live attenuated vaccine. We conducted a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments to investigate the pH buffering capacity, buffering longevity and the effects of these formulations on the survival of Salmonella under neutralized pH conditions and its impact on immune responses. Magnesium hydroxide had a greater, stable and prolonged buffering capacity than sodium bicarbonate and was safer when administered orally. Oral administration of sodium bicarbonate resulted in discomfort as reflected by mouse behavior and mild muscle tremors, whereas mice treated with magnesium hydroxide and PBS were completely normal. Gastric survival studies using BALB/c mice revealed that a higher number of Salmonella reached the intestine when the magnesium hydroxide-based antacid buffer was administrated. Co-administration with attenuated Salmonella secreting Brucella antigens, SodC and Omp19 along with individual antacid formulations, significantly enhanced the antigen-specific protective immune responses against virulent Brucella challenge. Together, our results indicated that the pre vaccinated oral administration of bicarbonate-citric acid or magnesium hydroxide-based neutralizing buffers significantly counteract stomach acidity by maintaining the viability of an oral enteric vaccine formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chamith Hewawaduge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 54596, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Amal Senevirathne
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 54596, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeon-Sik Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 54596, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Won Jeong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 54596, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumseok Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 54596, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - John Hwa Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 54596, Iksan, Republic of Korea
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Enhancement of host infectivity, immunity, and protective efficacy by addition of sodium bicarbonate antacid to oral vaccine formulation of live attenuated Salmonella secreting Brucella antigens. Microb Pathog 2019; 138:103857. [PMID: 31705999 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the importance of sodium bicarbonate antacid as an agent for an orally delivered attenuated Salmonella strain secreting Brucella antigens Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SodC) and outer membrane protein 19 (Omp19) as a live vaccine candidate against Brucella infection was investigated. First, Brucella antigens SodC and Omp19 were cloned into a prokaryotic constitutive expression vector, pJHL65. Then secretion of proteins was verified after transformation into an attenuated Salmonella typhimurium (ST) strain, JOL1800 (Δlon, ΔcpxR, Δasd, ΔrfaL), using western blot analysis. Mice were orally inoculated with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or with a co-mixture Salmonella secreting each antigens at a 1:1 ratio, each containing 1 × 108 CFU/mouse with and without sodium bicarbonate treatment. For antacid treatment, 1.3% w/v sodium bicarbonate was orally administered 30 min before and immediately after immunization with the Salmonella formulation. Humoral and cell-mediated immune responses were evaluated to investigate the efficacy of sodium bicarbonate in an oral formulation. The results indicated that addition of sodium bicarbonate to the vaccine significantly increased (P < 0.05) levels of anti-Brucella-specific systemic IgG responses, lymphocyte proliferation, and CD4+ T cell responses, indicating induction of a mixed Th1-Th2 response. Immunohistochemical assays and bacterial enumeration in intestinal samples also indicated that administration of sodium bicarbonate enhanced colonization of Salmonella. These results indicate that ingestion of the Salmonella formulation with sodium bicarbonate can enhance colonization of Salmonella and induce a significant protective immune response against Brucella compared with a formulation without sodium bicarbonate. Thus, incorporation of sodium bicarbonate as an antacid buffer is highly recommended for this oral live vaccine.
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Kim WK, Moon JY, Cho JS, Park BY, Hur J. Protective efficacy of a canine brucellosis vaccine candidate based on live attenuated Salmonella expressing recombinant Brucella BCSP31, Omp3b and SOD proteins in Beagles. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:1373-1379. [PMID: 30068897 PMCID: PMC6160882 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish a proof-of-concept of protective efficacy of Salmonella-based B. abortus vaccine candidate in Beagles. Group A Beagles (n=10) were subcutaneously (SC) inoculated with S. Typhimurium delivery strain containing pMMP65 (vector to deliver antigens) only as vector control. Group B Beagles (n=10) were SC vaccinated with the mixture of the three Salmonella delivery strains expressing the recombinant B. abortus BCSP31, Outer membrane protein 3b (Omp3b), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) proteins, respectively. No Salmonella delivery strains were isolated from all tissues tested. Serum IgG, interleukin-4, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interferon-gamma concentrations were significantly higher in group B than in group A. Following intraconjunctival challenge with B. abortus 544, among 5 group B Beagles, the challenge strain was isolated from mandibular, and retropharyngeal lymph nodes of three Beagles, and no isolates were observed from all tissues of two Beagle. However, the challenge strains were detected from spleen, uterus (except two Beagles), and mandibular, prescapular, retropharyngeal, and superficial inguinal lymph nodes of all group A Beagles. These results suggest that the mixture of three S. Typhimurium delivery strains be a good vaccine candidate against brucellosis by B. abortus in dogs. Further investigations are needed to improve the protective efficacy of the Salmonella-based B. abortus vaccine candidate and explore its practical application in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Kyong Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University Special Campus, Iksan 54596, South Korea
| | - Ja Young Moon
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University Special Campus, Iksan 54596, South Korea
| | - Jeong Sang Cho
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University Special Campus, Iksan 54596, South Korea
| | - Byung Yong Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University Special Campus, Iksan 54596, South Korea
| | - Jin Hur
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University Special Campus, Iksan 54596, South Korea
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Park S, Won G, Kim J, Kim HB, Lee JH. Potent O-antigen-deficient (rough) mutants of Salmonella Typhimurium secreting Lawsonia intracellularis antigens enhance immunogenicity and provide single-immunization protection against proliferative enteropathy and salmonellosis in a murine model. Vet Res 2018; 49:57. [PMID: 29976253 PMCID: PMC6034208 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-018-0552-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The obligate intracellular pathogen Lawsonia intracellularis (LI), the etiological agent of proliferative enteropathy (PE), poses a substantial economic loss in the swine industry worldwide. In this study, we genetically engineered an O-antigen-deficient (rough) Salmonella strain secreting four selected immunogenic LI antigens, namely OptA, OptB, LfliC, and Lhly. The genes encoding these antigens were individually inserted in the expression vector plasmid pJHL65, and the resultant plasmids were transformed into the ∆asd ∆lon ∆cpxR ∆rfaL Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) strain JOL1800. The individual expression of the selected LI antigens in JOL1800 was validated by an immunoblotting assay. We observed significant (P < 0.05) induction of systemic IgG and mucosal IgA responses against each LI antigen or Salmonella outer membrane protein in mice immunized once orally with a mixture of four JOL1800-derived strains. Further, mRNA of IL-4 and IFN-γ were highly upregulated in splenic T cells re-stimulated in vitro with individual purified antigens. Subsequently, immunized mice showed significant protection against challenge with 106.9 TCID50 LI or 2 × 109 CFU of a virulent ST strain. At day 8 post-challenge, no mice in the immunized groups showed the presence of LI-specific genomic DNA (gDNA) in stool samples, while 50% of non-immunized mice were positive for LI-specific gDNA. Further, all the immunized mice survived the virulent ST challenge, compared to a 20% mortality rate observed in the control mice. Collectively, the constructed rough ST-based LI vaccine candidate efficiently elicited LI and ST-specific humoral and cell-mediated immunity and conferred proper dual protection against PE and salmonellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyeon Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, Gobong-ro 79, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Gayeon Won
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, Gobong-ro 79, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehyoung Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, Gobong-ro 79, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeun Bum Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea.
| | - John Hwa Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, Gobong-ro 79, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea.
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Kim WK, Moon JY, Cho JS, Hur J. Protective efficacy by various doses of a new brucellosis vaccine candidate based on Salmonella strains expressing Brucella abortus BSCP31, Omp3b and superoxide dismutase against brucellosis in murine model. Pathog Dis 2018; 75:4056147. [PMID: 28873944 PMCID: PMC5808651 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftx094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucella species are important etiological agents of zoonotic diseases. Attenuated Salmonella strains expressing Brucella abortus BCSP31, Omp3b and superoxide dismutase proteins were tested as vaccine candidates in this study. In order to determine the optimal dose for intraperitoneal (IP) inoculation required to obtain effective protection against brucellosis, mice were immunized with various doses of a mixture of the three vaccine strains. Fifty BALB/c mice were divided into five equal groups (groups A–E). Group A mice were intraperitoneally inoculated with 100 μL of sterile phosphate-buffered saline. Group B, C, D and E mice were intraperitoneally immunized with approximately 1.2 × 105 colony-forming units (CFU) mL−1 of Salmonella containing pMMP65 in 100 μL and with 1.2 × 104 CFU mL−1, 1.2 × 105 CFU mL−1 and 1.2 × 106 CFU mL−1 of the mixture of the three strains in 100 μL, respectively. Serum IgG, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferon gamma concentrations were significantly higher in group E than in groups A–D. Following challenge with B. abortus 544, the challenge strain was not detected in the spleen of any mouse from group E. Thus, IP immunization with 1.2 × 106 CFU mL−1 of the mixture of the three vaccine strains induced immune responses and provided effective protection against brucellosis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Kyong Kim
- Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University Iksan Campus, Iksan 54596, South Korea
| | - Ja Young Moon
- Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University Iksan Campus, Iksan 54596, South Korea
| | - Jeong Sang Cho
- Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University Iksan Campus, Iksan 54596, South Korea
| | - Jin Hur
- Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University Iksan Campus, Iksan 54596, South Korea
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Won G, Kim TH, Lee JH. A novel Salmonella strain inactivated by a regulated autolysis system and expressing the B subunit of Shiga toxin 2e efficiently elicits immune responses and confers protection against virulent Stx2e-producing Escherichia coli. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:40. [PMID: 28143511 PMCID: PMC5286835 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-0962-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) inactivated by a regulated autolysis system was genetically engineered to express the homo-pentameric B subunit of Shiga toxin 2e (Stx2eB) on its surface. To prepare a strain able to yield autolyzed Salmonella bearing Stx2eB, the plasmid pJHL184 harboring stx 2eB gene was transformed into the attenuated S. Typhimurium strain, JOL1454. Stx2eB subcloned into the antigen delivery cassette of the plasmid was expressed as fusion protein with the outer membrane protein RESULTS: The expression of Stx2eB fused to the signal peptide in JOL1454 was validated by immunoblot analysis. To determine the immunogenicity of JOL1454, female BALB/c mice were intramuscularly injected with 1 × 108 CFU of the inactivated cells at weeks 0 and 2. Significantly elevated levels of IgG and IgA specific to Stx2eB was observed at weeks 4 and 6 post-immunization (PI) (P <0.05). Proportion of CD3+CD4+ T lymphocyte subpopulation was also significantly augmented in in vivo stimulated splenocytes relative to that in the control group. The increased titers of IgG1 and IgG2a, and of immunomodulatory cytokines indicated that the immunization elicited Th1 and Th2 immune responses. Further, immunomodulatory cytokine genes (IL-6, IL-17A, IL21 and JOL1454) efficiently upregulated in naïve porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) pulsed with JOL1454. At week 6 PI, following the challenge with a virulent Stx2e-producing Escherichia coli in the mice, all immunized mice survived whereas approximately 30% of the mice in the control group died. CONCLUSIONS JOL1454 provided superior immunogenicity and effective protection against challenge with a sublethal dose, which demonstrates its potential as a candidate vaccine against edema disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayeon Won
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan campus, Gobong-ro 79, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan campus, Gobong-ro 79, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - John Hwa Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan campus, Gobong-ro 79, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea.
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Kim WK, Moon JY, Kim S, Hur J. Comparison between Immunization Routes of Live Attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium Strains Expressing BCSP31, Omp3b, and SOD of Brucella abortus in Murine Model. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:550. [PMID: 27148232 PMCID: PMC4837157 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Live, attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium vaccine candidate expressing BCSP31, Omp3b, and SOD proteins of Brucella abortus was constructed. Thirty BALB/c mice were divided equally into three groups, Group A, were intraperitoneally (IP) inoculated with 100 μl of approximately 1.2 × 106 colony-forming units (CFUs)/ml of the Salmonella containing vector only in 100 μl as a control. And groups B and C mice were orally and IP immunized with approximately 1.2 × 109 CFU/ml of the mixture of three delivery strains in 10 μl and IP immunized with approximately 1.2 × 106 CFU/ml of the mixture in 100 μl, respectively. The serum IgG, TNF-α and IFN-γ concentrations in groups B (except Omp3b) and C were significantly higher than those in group A. Following challenge with B. abortus strain 544; challenge strain was detected <103 CFU from the spleen of all mice of group C. These results suggest that IP immunization with the mixture of the vaccine candidate can induce immune responses, and can effectively protect mice against brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won K Kim
- Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University Iksan, South Korea
| | - Ja Y Moon
- Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University Iksan, South Korea
| | - Suk Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Jinju, South Korea
| | - Jin Hur
- Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University Iksan, South Korea
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Immunogenicity of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) M gene delivered by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium in mice. Virus Genes 2016; 52:218-27. [PMID: 26837896 PMCID: PMC7088643 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-016-1296-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Attenuated Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium) was selected as a transgenic vehicle for the development of live mucosal vaccines against transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) based on the M gene. An approximate 1.0 kb DNA fragment, encoding for glycoprotein M, was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into eukaryotic expression vector pVAX1. The recombinant plasmid pVAX-M was transformed by electroporation into attenuated S. typhimurium SL7207, and the expression and translation of the pVAX-M delivered by recombinant S. typhimurium SL7207 (pVAX-M) was detected both in vitro and in vivo. BALB/c mice were inoculated orally with SL7207 (pVAX-M) at different dosages to evaluate safety of the vaccines. The bacterium was safe to mice at a dosage of 2 × 109 CFU, almost eliminated from the spleen and liver at week 4 post-immunization and eventually cleared at week 6. Mice immunized with 1 × 109 CFU of SL7207 (pVAX-M) elicited specific anti-TGEV local mucosal and humoral responses including levels of IgA, IgG, IL-4, and IFN-γ as measured by indirect ELISA assay. Moreover, the control groups (pVAX group, PBS group) maintained at a normal level during week 4–8 post-immunization. The results indicated that attenuated S. typhimurium could be used as a delivery vector for oral immunization of TGEV M gene vaccine.
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Hur J, Eo SK, Park SY, Choi Y, Lee JH. Immunological study of an attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium expressing ApxIA, ApxIIA, ApxIIIA and OmpA of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in a mouse model. J Vet Med Sci 2015; 77:1693-6. [PMID: 26227587 PMCID: PMC4710733 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.14-0428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella Typhimurium strain expressing the Actinobacillus
pleuropneumoniae antigens, ApxIA, ApxIIA, ApxIIIA and OmpA, was previously
constructed as a vaccine candidate for porcine pleuropneumonia. This strain was a live
attenuated (∆lon∆cpxR∆asd)Salmonella as a delivery host
and contained a vector containing asd. An immunological study of
lymphocyte proliferation, T-lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in the splenocytes of a mouse
model was carried out after stimulation with the candidate Salmonella
Typhimurium by intranasal inoculation. The splenic lymphocyte proliferation and the levels
of IL-4, IL-6 and IL-12 of the inoculated mice were significantly increased, and the T-
and B-cell populations were also elevated. Collectively, the candidate may efficiently
induce the Th1- and Th2-type immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hur
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, and Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, South Korea
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Hur J, Kim CS, Eo SK, Park SY, Lee JH. Salmonella ghosts expressing enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli k88ab, k88ac, k99, and fasa fimbrial antigens induce robust immune responses in a mouse model. Vet Q 2015; 35:125-32. [PMID: 25853619 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2015.1029598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial ghosts can be developed as safe and effective vaccines against bacterial infectious disease such as enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)-induced diarrhea in neonatal piglets. OBJECTIVE Immune responses against a Salmonella ghost expressing ETEC K88ab, K88ac, K99, and FasA antigens with various adjuvants and inoculation routes were evaluated in mice. ANIMALS AND METHODS A ghost cell expressing K88ab, K88ac, K99, and FasA fimbrial antigens of ETEC on the envelope of △asd Salmonella typhimurium was constructed as a candidate vaccine against ETEC infection. To optimize the immunization strategy, 6-week-old female BALB/c mice were inoculated with the ghost and various adjuvants, and the immune responses against the individual fimbrial antigens were measured. Blood samples from caudal vein to evaluate serum IgG concentrations and fecal samples to evaluate mucosal IgA concentrations were collected up to 14 weeks post-prime immunization. RESULTS All groups with single, double, and triple inoculations of the ghost showed higher humoral and mucosal immune responses than the control group. In particular, the groups with intramuscular double and triple inoculations showed significantly higher immune responses. In addition, oral inoculation with a combination of the ghost and MONTANIDE IMS 1113 (MI1113) resulted in high and prolonged induction of intestinal IgA levels. CONCLUSION These results indicated that both systemic and mucosal immunity against ETEC fimbrial antigens expressed by the ghost are induced by intramuscular booster inoculation with the ghost, and that addition of M1113 to the ghost was found to result in prominent induction of mucosal immunity through oral inoculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hur
- a Department of Bioactive Material Sciences and Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , Chonbuk National University , South Korea
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Hur J, Lee JH. A new enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli vaccine candidate constructed using a Salmonella ghost delivery system: Comparative evaluation with a commercial vaccine for neonatal piglet colibacillosis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2015; 164:101-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Abstract
Adhesins are a group of proteins in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) that are involved in the attachment or colonization of this pathogen to abiotic (plastic or steel) and biological surfaces, such as those found in bovine and human intestines. This review provides the most up-to-date information on these essential adhesion factors, summarizing important historical discoveries and analyzing the current and future state of this research. In doing so, the proteins intimin and Tir are discussed in depth, especially regarding their role in the development of attaching and effacing lesions and in EHEC virulence. Further, a series of fimbrial proteins (Lpf1, Lpf2, curli, ECP, F9, ELF, Sfp, HCP, and type 1 fimbriae) are also described, emphasizing their various contributions to adherence and colonization of different surfaces and their potential use as genetic markers in detection and classification of different EHEC serotypes. This review also discusses the role of several autotransporter proteins (EhaA-D, EspP, Saa and Sab, and Cah), as well as other proteins associated with adherence, such as flagella, EibG, Iha, and OmpA. While these proteins have all been studied to varying degrees, all of the adhesins summarized in this chapter have been linked to different stages of the EHEC life cycle, making them good targets for the development of more effective diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D. McWilliams
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, 77555. USA
| | - Alfredo G. Torres
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, 77555. USA
- Department of Pathology and Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, 77555. USA
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Abstract
This chapter reviews papers mostly written since 2005 that report results using live attenuated bacterial vectors to deliver after administration through mucosal surfaces, protective antigens, and DNA vaccines, encoding protective antigens to induce immune responses and/or protective immunity to pathogens that colonize on or invade through mucosal surfaces. Papers that report use of such vaccine vector systems for parenteral vaccination or to deal with nonmucosal pathogens or do not address induction of mucosal antibody and/or cellular immune responses are not reviewed.
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Generation of an attenuated strain oral vaccine candidate using a novel double selection platform in Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 99:855-67. [PMID: 25301580 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-6099-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Live attenuated bacteria delivered orally are interesting tools for mucosal immunization. The objective of this study was to construct a novel counter-selection platform based on an attenuated wild-type Escherichia coli (E. coli) strain and to utilize it for the delivery of LTR192G-STaA13Q fusion protein as an oral vaccine. First, a counter-selectable marker, namely, PRPL-Kil, was inserted into an attenuated wild-type E. coli strain through the use of the red and G-DOC homologous recombination systems to construct the counter-selection platform, and PRPL-Kil was subsequently replaced by the LT192-STa13 fusion gene to construct the oral vaccine O142 (yaiT::LT192-STa13) (ER-A). Subsequently, BALB/c mice were orogastrically inoculated with ER-A. Our results showed that ER-A could induce the production of specific IgA and IgG against fimbriae (F41) and enterotoxins (LT and STa), with neutralizing activity in BALB/c mice. In addition, assays of cellular immune responses showed that the stimulation index (SI) values of immunized mice were significantly higher than those of control mice (P<0.05), and revealed a marked shift toward Th2-mediated immunity. These findings suggest that ER-A is a suitable candidate for an oral vaccine strain to protect animals from enter toxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infection.
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Generation of an attenuated Salmonella-delivery strains expressing adhesin and toxin antigens for progressive atrophic rhinitis, and evaluation of its immune responses in a murine model. Vaccine 2014; 32:5057-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Hur J, Lee JH. Optimization of immune strategy for a construct of Salmonella-delivered ApxIA, ApxIIA, ApxIIIA and OmpA antigens of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae for prevention of porcine pleuropneumonia using a murine model. Vet Res Commun 2013; 38:87-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s11259-013-9586-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chaudhari AA, Matsuda K, Lee JH. Construction of an attenuated Salmonella delivery system harboring genes encoding various virulence factors of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli and its potential as a candidate vaccine for chicken colibacillosis. Avian Dis 2013; 57:88-96. [PMID: 23678735 DOI: 10.1637/10277-061312-reg.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
An attenuated Salmonella (deltalon, deltacpxR, and deltaasdA16) delivery system containing the genes encoding P-fimbriae (papa and papG), aerobactin receptor (iutA), and CS31A surface antigen (clpG) of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) was constructed, and its potential as a vaccine candidate against APEC infection in chickens was evaluated. The birds were divided into three groups designated group A (nonvaccinated control), group B (given a single immunization), and group C (administered prime and boost immunizations). Prime and booster vaccinations with the constructions were administered to 1-day-old and 14-day-old birds, respectively. Immune responses were measured postimmunization, and the birds were challenged via an intra-air sac route with a virulent APEC strain at the second, third, and fourth weeks of age. Group B birds were partially protected against the challenge and showed increased levels of plasma immunoglobulin (Ig)G, mucosal IgA antibodies, and lymphocyte proliferation. Group C birds showed greater protection against the challenge, with significantly stronger immune responses compared with the birds in the other groups. Overall, our data suggest that the Salmonella delivery system with recombinant constructs is capable of inducing robust immune responses and induces effective protection against colibacillosis caused by APEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul A Chaudhari
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
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Hur J, Lee JH. Protection against neonatal Escherichia coli diarrhea by vaccination of sows with a novel multivalent vaccine candidate expressing E. coli adhesins associated with neonatal pig colibacillosis. Res Vet Sci 2013; 94:198-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2012.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Revised: 08/04/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lee NH, Lee JA, Park SY, Song CS, Choi IS, Lee JB. A review of vaccine development and research for industry animals in Korea. Clin Exp Vaccine Res 2012; 1:18-34. [PMID: 23596575 PMCID: PMC3623508 DOI: 10.7774/cevr.2012.1.1.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 05/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination has proven to be the most cost-effective strategy for controlling a wide variety of infectious diseases in humans and animals. For the last decade, veterinary vaccines have been substantially developed and demonstrated their effectiveness against many diseases. Nevertheless, new vaccines are greatly demanded to effectively control newly- and re-emerging pathogens in livestock. However, development of veterinary vaccines is a challenging task, in part, due to a variety of pathogens, hosts, and the uniqueness of host-susceptibility to each pathogen. Therefore, novel concepts of vaccines should be explored to overcome the limitation of conventional vaccines. There have been greatly advanced in the completion of genomic sequencing of pathogens, the application of comparative genomic and transcriptome analysis. This would facilitate to open opportunities up to investigate a new generation of vaccines; recombinant subunit vaccine, virus-like particle, DNA vaccine, and vector-vehicle vaccine. Currently, such types of vaccines are being actively explored against various livestock diseases, affording numerous advantages over conventional vaccines, including ease of production, immunogenicity, safety, and multivalency in a single shot. In this articles, the authors present the current status of the development of veterinary vaccines at large as well as research activities conducted in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nak-Hyung Lee
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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Development of a novel live vaccine delivering enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli fimbrial antigens to prevent post-weaning diarrhea in piglets. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2012; 146:283-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2012.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2011] [Revised: 01/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Hur J, Lee JH. Comparative evaluation of a vaccine candidate expressing enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) adhesins for colibacillosis with a commercial vaccine using a pig model. Vaccine 2012; 30:3829-33. [PMID: 22507658 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.03.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Revised: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a comparative evaluation of a novel live vaccine candidate expressing enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) fimbriae and a commercial ETEC vaccine was carried out in suckling to weaned piglets. The E. coli K88ab, K88ac, K99, FasA and F41 fimbrial genes were individually inserted into an expression/secretion plasmid, pBP244. These plasmids were subsequently transfected into attenuated Salmonella, which were used as the vaccine candidate. Eighteen pregnant sows and 107 of their piglets were used in this comparative study. All the vaccinated groups of sows and piglets exhibited significantly increased antibody levels relative to specific antigens when compared with those in the unimmunized control. The experimental piglets with the vaccine candidate did not experience diarrhea following challenge with the virulent ETEC strains. However, diarrhea was observed in 36.8% of the piglets in the group immunized with the commercial vaccine and in 50% of the control group after challenge with the ETEC strains. These findings indicate that immunization of sows with the candidate vaccine can effectively protect their young pigs against colibacillosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hur
- Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, South Korea
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