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Oncolytic viruses as emerging therapy against cancers including Oncovirus-induced cancers. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 939:175393. [PMID: 36435236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
There are several human viruses with known potential for causing cancers including, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus, Epstein-Barr virus, Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus, Human T-cell lymphotropic virus, Human papillomavirus, and Merkel cell polyomavirus. Cancer is the second leading cause of death that affects humans worldwide, especially in developing countries. Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy can cure about 60% of humans with cancer but recurrent and metastatic diseases remain a major reason for death. In recent years, understanding the molecular characteristics of cancer cells has led to the improvement of therapeutic strategies using novel emerging therapies. Oncolytic viruses with the potential of lysing cancer cells defined the field of oncolytic virology, hence becoming a biotechnology tool rather than just a cause of disease. This study mainly focused on targeting cell proliferation and death pathways in human tumor-inducing viruses by developing innovative therapies for cancer patients based on the natural oncolytic properties of reovirus. To kill tumor cells efficiently and reduce the chance of recurrence both the direct ability of reovirus infection to lyse the tumor cells and the stimulation of a potent host immune response are applied. Hence, bioengineered stem cells can be used as smart carriers to improve the efficacy of oncolytic reovirus and safety profiles.
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2
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Valdivia G, Alonso-Diez Á, Pérez-Alenza D, Peña L. From Conventional to Precision Therapy in Canine Mammary Cancer: A Comprehensive Review. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:623800. [PMID: 33681329 PMCID: PMC7925635 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.623800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine mammary tumors (CMTs) are the most common neoplasm in intact female dogs. Canine mammary cancer (CMC) represents 50% of CMTs, and besides surgery, which is the elective treatment, additional targeted and non-targeted therapies could offer benefits in terms of survival to these patients. Also, CMC is considered a good spontaneous intermediate animal model for the research of human breast cancer (HBC), and therefore, the study of new treatments for CMC is a promising field in comparative oncology. Dogs with CMC have a comparable disease, an intact immune system, and a much shorter life span, which allows the achievement of results in a relatively short time. Besides conventional chemotherapy, innovative therapies have a large niche of opportunities. In this article, a comprehensive review of the current research in adjuvant therapies for CMC is conducted to gather available information and evaluate the perspectives. Firstly, updates are provided on the clinical-pathological approach and the use of conventional therapies, to delve later into precision therapies against therapeutic targets such as hormone receptors, tyrosine kinase receptors, p53 tumor suppressor gene, cyclooxygenases, the signaling pathways involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and immunotherapy in different approaches. A comparison of the different investigations on targeted therapies in HBC is also carried out. In the last years, the increasing number of basic research studies of new promising therapeutic agents on CMC cell lines and CMC mouse xenografts is outstanding. As the main conclusion of this review, the lack of effort to bring the in vitro studies into the field of applied clinical research emerges. There is a great need for well-planned large prospective randomized clinical trials in dogs with CMC to obtain valid results for both species, humans and dogs, on the use of new therapies. Following the One Health concept, human and veterinary oncology will have to join forces to take advantage of both the economic and technological resources that are invested in HBC research, together with the innumerable advantages of dogs with CMC as a spontaneous animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Valdivia
- Department Animal Medicine, Surgery and Pathology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Mammary Oncology Unit, Complutense Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángela Alonso-Diez
- Department Animal Medicine, Surgery and Pathology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Mammary Oncology Unit, Complutense Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Pérez-Alenza
- Department Animal Medicine, Surgery and Pathology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Mammary Oncology Unit, Complutense Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Peña
- Department Animal Medicine, Surgery and Pathology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Mammary Oncology Unit, Complutense Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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3
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Iizuka K, Shoji K, Fujiyuki T, Moritoh K, Tamura K, Yoshida A, Sato H, Yoneda M, Asano K, Kai C. Antitumor activity of an oncolytic measles virus against canine urinary bladder transitional cell carcinoma cells. Res Vet Sci 2020; 133:313-317. [PMID: 33183781 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The prognosis of canine transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of urinary bladder is generally poor because it is difficult to diagnose at early stages and conventional therapies, such as surgical resection and/or chemotherapy, are often not curative treatments. Based on our previous report that recombinant measles virus (rMV-SLAMblind) therapy could be a new treatment for canine mammary tumor, the applicability of rMV-SLAMblind in canine urinary bladder TCC was examined in this study. A canine TCC cell line was established from a TCC patient dog by transplanting a piece of the tumor mass into an immunodeficient mouse and then isolating the primary TCC cells from the grown tumor mass. The primary cultured cells, named TCC-NU1, express nectin-4, a receptor for rMV-SLAMblind infection. The rMV-SLAMblind infected TCC-NU1 cells, and dose-dependently showed cell cytotoxicity. Moreover, intratumoral administration of rMV-SLAMblind in a xenograft model bearing TCC-NU1 cells significantly suppressed the tumor growth reducing the endpoint mass of tumors in treated mice compared to control mice. These results suggest that virotherapy with rMV-SLAMblind be a new candidate therapy for canine TCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Iizuka
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan; Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan; Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Koichiro Shoji
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Fujiyuki
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan; Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Kanako Moritoh
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan; Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Kei Tamura
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan; Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan; Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Asuka Yoshida
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sato
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan; Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Misako Yoneda
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan; Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Kazushi Asano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Chieko Kai
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan; Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
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4
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Wedekind MF, Cripe TP. Oncolytic Viruses and Their Potential as a Therapeutic Opportunity in Osteosarcoma. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1258:77-89. [PMID: 32767235 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-43085-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma remains an unmet medical need. Oncolytic viruses are gaining traction as novel cancer therapeutics. These viruses are either naturally nonpathogenic or engineered to be safe by specific genetic deletions yet retain the ability to infect and kill human cancer cells and elicit anticancer immunity. Some versions are being specifically designed and tested in patients with osteosarcoma, though due to their generalized mechanism of action most are being tested in patients across a broad range of cancer types. The activity of these viruses is impacted not only by the susceptibility of tumor cells to infection but also by the tumor microenvironment (TME) and by tumor immunogenicity. Here we review the field of oncolytic viruses with a particular emphasis on highlighting any available data in preclinical osteosarcoma models or in patients with osteosarcoma. While in general the viruses have been shown safe to administer to patients by a variety of routes, their therapeutic efficacy to date has been limited. Given the low rate of adverse events and the likely absence of long-term side effects, the utility of oncolytic viruses will most likely be realized when used in combination with other agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Timothy P Cripe
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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5
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Igase M, Shibutani S, Kurogouchi Y, Fujiki N, Hwang CC, Coffey M, Noguchi S, Nemoto Y, Mizuno T. Combination Therapy with Reovirus and ATM Inhibitor Enhances Cell Death and Virus Replication in Canine Melanoma. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2019; 15:49-59. [PMID: 31650025 PMCID: PMC6804779 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapy using reovirus is a promising new anti-cancer treatment with potential for use in humans and dogs. Because reovirus monotherapy shows limited efficacy in human and canine cancer patients, the clinical development of a combination therapy is necessary. To identify candidate components of such a combination, we screened a 285-compound drug library for those that enhanced reovirus cytotoxicity in a canine melanoma cell line. Here, we show that exposure to an inhibitor of the ataxia telangiectasia mutated protein (ATM) enhances the oncolytic potential of reovirus in five of six tested canine melanoma cell lines. Specifically, the ATM inhibitor potentiated reovirus replication in cancer cells along with promoting the lysosomal activity, resulting in an increased proportion of caspase-dependent apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M compared to those observed with reovirus alone. Overall, our study suggests that the combination of reovirus and the ATM inhibitor may be an attractive option in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Igase
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Shusaku Shibutani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kurogouchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Fujiki
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Chung Chew Hwang
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Matt Coffey
- Oncolytics Biotech Inc., Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Shunsuke Noguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Nemoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Takuya Mizuno
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
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Banijamali RS, Soleimanjahi H, Soudi S, Karimi H, Abdoli A, Seyed Khorrami SM, Zandi K. Kinetics of Oncolytic Reovirus T3D Replication and Growth Pattern in Mesenchymal Stem Cells. CELL JOURNAL 2019; 22:283-292. [PMID: 31863653 PMCID: PMC6947011 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective Currently, application of oncolytic-virus in cancer treatment of clinical trials are growing. Oncolytic-reovirus
is an attractive anti-cancer therapeutic agent for clinical testing. Many studies used mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as
a carrier cell to enhance the delivery and quality of treatment with oncolytic-virotherapy. But, biosynthetic capacity and
behavior of cells in response to viral infections are different. The infecting process of reoviruses takes from two-hours
to one-week, depends on host cell and the duration of different stages of virus replication cycle. The latter includes
the binding of virus particle, entry, uncoating, assembly and release of progeny-viruses. We evaluated the timing
and infection cycle of reovirus type-3 strain Dearing (T3D), using one-step replication experiment by molecular and
conventional methods in MSCs and L929 cell as control.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, L929 and adipose-derived MSCs were infected with different
multiplicities of infection (MOI) of reovirus T3D. At different time points, the quantity of progeny viruses has been
measured using virus titration assay and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to investigate
the ability of these cells to support the reovirus replication. One-step growth cycle were examined by 50% cell culture
infectious dose (CCID50) and qRT-PCR.
Results The growth curve of reovirus in cells shows that MOI: 1 might be optimal for virus production compared to higher
and lower MOIs. The maximum quantity of virus production using MOI: 1 was achieved at 48-hours post-infection. The
infectious virus titer became stationary at 72-hours post-infection and then gradually decreased. The virus cytopathic
effect was obvious in MSCs and this cells were susceptible to reovirus infection and support the virus replication.
Conclusion Our data highlights the timing schedule for reovirus replication, kinetics models and burst size. Further
investigation is recommended to better understanding of the challenges and opportunities, for using MSCs loaded with
reovirus in cancer-therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Sadat Banijamali
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoorieh Soleimanjahi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. Electronic Address:
| | - Sara Soudi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hesam Karimi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asghar Abdoli
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Keivan Zandi
- Center for AIDS Research, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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7
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Withers SS, Sparger EE, Boudreaux B, Mason NJ. Utilizing Microbes to Treat Naturally Occurring Cancer in Veterinary Species. CURRENT CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40588-019-00130-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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8
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Hwang CC, Igase M, Okuda M, Coffey M, Noguchi S, Mizuno T. Reovirus changes the expression of anti-apoptotic and proapoptotic proteins with the c-kit downregulation in canine mast cell tumor cell lines. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 517:233-237. [PMID: 31345575 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although reovirus has reached phase II and III clinical trials in human cancers, the exact mechanism of reovirus oncolysis is still not completely understood. Previously, we have shown that canine mast cell tumor (MCT) cell lines were highly susceptible to reovirus, as compared with other kinds of canine cancer cell lines. In this study, we showed that reovirus infection not only led to the dephosphorylation but also downregulation of c-kit in four canine MCT cell lines, where c-kit activation is required for proliferation. Consistent with c-kit dysregulation, downstream signaling of c-kit, the level of Ras-GTP and phosphorylation of all the downstream effectors of Ras (Raf, MEK, and ERK) and Akt decreased in all the cell lines after reovirus infection, except for Akt in one of cell lines. Pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bim, Bad and Mcl-1 were also altered by reovirus infection in these cell lines. In short, reovirus infection degraded c-kit in all the canine MCT cell lines, leading to the downregulation of downstream signaling of c-kit, which may relate to the cell death induced by reovirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Chew Hwang
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | - Masaya Igase
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | - Masaru Okuda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | - Matt Coffey
- Oncolytics Biotech Inc, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shunsuke Noguchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | - Takuya Mizuno
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan.
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9
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Igase M, Shousu K, Fujiki N, Sakurai M, Bonkobara M, Hwang CC, Coffey M, Noguchi S, Nemoto Y, Mizuno T. Anti-tumour activity of oncolytic reovirus against canine histiocytic sarcoma cells. Vet Comp Oncol 2019; 17:184-193. [PMID: 30761736 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Canine histiocytic sarcoma is an aggressive, fatal neoplastic disease with a poor prognosis. Lomustine is generally accepted as the first-line systemic therapy, although this compound does not provide complete regression. Therefore, research into a novel approach against canine histiocytic sarcoma is needed. However, anti-tumour effects of oncolytic therapy using reovirus against histiocytic sarcoma are unknown. Here, we showed that reovirus has oncolytic activity in canine histiocytic sarcoma cell lines in vitro and in vivo. We found that reovirus can replicate and induce caspase-dependent apoptosis in canine histiocytic sarcoma cell lines. A single intra-tumoural injection of reovirus completely suppressed the growth of subcutaneously grafted tumours in NOD/SCID mice. Additionally, we demonstrated that susceptibility to reovirus-induced cell death was attributable to the extent of expression of type I interferons induced by reovirus infection in vitro. In conclusion, oncolytic reovirus appears to be an effective treatment option for histiocytic sarcoma, and therefore warrants further investigation in early clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Igase
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Kazuha Shousu
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Fujiki
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Masashi Sakurai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Makoto Bonkobara
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chung C Hwang
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Matt Coffey
- Oncolytics Biotech Inc., Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shunsuke Noguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Nemoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Takuya Mizuno
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
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10
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A Review of Immunotherapeutic Strategies in Canine Malignant Melanoma. Vet Sci 2019; 6:vetsci6010015. [PMID: 30759787 PMCID: PMC6466282 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci6010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In dogs, melanomas are relatively common tumors and the most common form of oral malignancy. Biological behavior is highly variable, usually aggressive, and frequently metastatic, with reported survival times of three months for oral or mucosal melanomas in advanced disease stages. Classical clinical management remains challenging; thus, novel and more efficacious treatment strategies are needed. Evidence-based medicine supports the role of the immune system to treat neoplastic diseases. Besides, immunotherapy offers the possibility of a precise medicinal approach to treat cancer. In recent years, multiple immunotherapeutic strategies have been developed, and are now recognized as a pillar of treatment. In addition, dogs represent a good model for translational medicine purposes. This review will cover the most relevant immunotherapeutic strategies for the treatment of canine malignant melanoma, divided among five different categories, namely, monoclonal antibodies, nonspecific immunotherapy activated by bacteria, vaccines, gene therapy, and lymphokine-activated killer cell therapy.
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11
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Sánchez D, Cesarman-Maus G, Amador-Molina A, Lizano M. Oncolytic Viruses for Canine Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10110404. [PMID: 30373251 PMCID: PMC6266482 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10110404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapy has been investigated for several decades and is emerging as a plausible biological therapy with several ongoing clinical trials and two viruses are now approved for cancer treatment in humans. The direct cytotoxicity and immune-stimulatory effects make oncolytic viruses an interesting strategy for cancer treatment. In this review, we summarize the results of in vitro and in vivo published studies of oncolytic viruses in different phases of evaluation in dogs, using PubMed and Google scholar as search platforms, without time restrictions (to date). Natural and genetically modified oncolytic viruses were evaluated with some encouraging results. The most studied viruses to date are the reovirus, myxoma virus, and vaccinia, tested mostly in solid tumors such as osteosarcomas, mammary gland tumors, soft tissue sarcomas, and mastocytomas. Although the results are promising, there are issues that need addressing such as ensuring tumor specificity, developing optimal dosing, circumventing preexisting antibodies from previous exposure or the development of antibodies during treatment, and assuring a reasonable safety profile, all of which are required in order to make this approach a successful therapy in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Sánchez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
| | - Gabriela Cesarman-Maus
- Department of Hematology, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
| | - Alfredo Amador-Molina
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
| | - Marcela Lizano
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
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12
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Hwang CC, Igase M, Sakurai M, Haraguchi T, Tani K, Itamoto K, Shimokawa T, Nakaichi M, Nemoto Y, Noguchi S, Coffey M, Okuda M, Mizuno T. Oncolytic reovirus therapy: Pilot study in dogs with spontaneously occurring tumours. Vet Comp Oncol 2017; 16:229-238. [PMID: 29076241 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapy is a novel treatment involving replication-competent virus in the elimination of cancer. We have previously reported the oncolytic effects of reovirus in various canine cancer cell lines. This study aims to establish the safety profile of reovirus in dogs with spontaneously occurring tumours and to determine a recommended dosing regimen. Nineteen dogs with various tumours, mostly of advanced stages, were treated with reovirus, ranging from 1.0 × 108 to 5.0 × 109 TCID50 given as intratumour injection (IT) or intravenous infusion (IV) daily for up to 5 consecutive days in 1 or multiple treatment cycles. Adverse events (AEs) were graded according to the Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group- Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (VCOG-CTCAE) v1.1 guidelines. Viral shedding, neutralizing anti-reovirus antibody (NARA) production and immunohistochemical (IHC) detection of reovirus protein in the tumours were also assessed. AE was not observed in most dogs and events were limited to Grade I or II fever, vomiting, diarrhoea and inflammation of the injected tumour. No infectious virus was shed and all dogs had elevated NARA levels post-treatment. Although IHC results were only available in 6 dogs, 4 were detected positive for reovirus protein. In conclusion, reovirus is well-tolerated and can be given safely to tumour-bearing dogs according to the dosing regimen used in this study without significant concerns of viral shedding. Reovirus is also potentially effective in various types of canine tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Hwang
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - M Igase
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - M Sakurai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - T Haraguchi
- Laboratory of Small Animal Clinical Science (Surgical Division), Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - K Tani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - K Itamoto
- Laboratory of Small Animal Clinical Science (Surgical Division), Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - T Shimokawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - M Nakaichi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Y Nemoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - S Noguchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - M Coffey
- Oncolytics Biotech Inc, Calgary, Canada
| | - M Okuda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan.,Biomedical Science Center for Translational Research, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - T Mizuno
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan.,Biomedical Science Center for Translational Research, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
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13
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Nishiya AT, Massoco CO, Felizzola CR, Perlmann E, Batschinski K, Tedardi MV, Garcia JS, Mendonça PP, Teixeira TF, Zaidan Dagli ML. Comparative Aspects of Canine Melanoma. Vet Sci 2016; 3:vetsci3010007. [PMID: 29056717 PMCID: PMC5644618 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci3010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanomas are malignant neoplasms originating from melanocytes. They occur in most animal species, but the dog is considered the best animal model for the disease. Melanomas in dogs are most frequently found in the buccal cavity, but the skin, eyes, and digits are other common locations for these neoplasms. The aim of this review is to report etiological, epidemiological, pathological, and molecular aspects of melanomas in dogs. Furthermore, the particular biological behaviors of these tumors in the different body locations are shown. Insights into the therapeutic approaches are described. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and the outcomes after these treatments are presented. New therapeutic perspectives are also depicted. All efforts are geared toward better characterization and control of malignant melanomas in dogs, for the benefit of these companion animals, and also in an attempt to benefit the treatment of human melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Tomoko Nishiya
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, CEP 05508-270, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Cristina Oliveira Massoco
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, CEP 05508-270, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Claudia Ronca Felizzola
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, CEP 05508-270, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Surgical Oncology Rua Antônio Alves Magan, 124, CEP 01251-150, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Perlmann
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, CEP 05508-270, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Karen Batschinski
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, CEP 05508-270, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marcello Vannucci Tedardi
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, CEP 05508-270, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jéssica Soares Garcia
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, CEP 05508-270, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Priscila Pedra Mendonça
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, CEP 05508-270, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Tarso Felipe Teixeira
- Pathology Veterinary Medicine, FEPI Itajubá University Center, Dr. Antonio Braga Filho Street, 687, Itajubá, 37.501-002 Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Maria Lucia Zaidan Dagli
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, CEP 05508-270, São Paulo, Brazil.
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14
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Igase M, Hwang CC, Kambayashi S, Kubo M, Coffey M, Miyama TS, Baba K, Okuda M, Noguchi S, Mizuno T. Oncolytic reovirus synergizes with chemotherapeutic agents to promote cell death in canine mammary gland tumor. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH = REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE VETERINAIRE 2016; 80:21-31. [PMID: 26733729 PMCID: PMC4686031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The oncolytic effects of reovirus in various cancers have been proven in many clinical trials in human medicine. Oncolytic virotherapy using reovirus for canine cancers is being developed in our laboratory. The objective of this study was to examine the synergistic anti-cancer effects of a combination of reovirus and low doses of various chemotherapeutic agents on mammary gland tumors (MGTs) in dogs. The first part of this study demonstrated the efficacy of reovirus in canine MGTs in vitro and in vivo. Reovirus alone exerted significant cell death by means of caspase-dependent apoptosis in canine MGT cell lines. A single injection of reovirus impeded growth of canine MGT tumors in xenografted mice, but was insufficient to induce complete tumor regression. The second part of this study highlighted the anti-tumor effects of reovirus in combination with low doses of paclitaxel, carboplatin, gemcitabine, or toceranib. Enhanced synergistic activity was observed in the MGT cell line treated concomitantly with reovirus and in all the chemotherapeutic agents except toceranib. In addition, combining reovirus with paclitaxel or gemcitabine at half dosage of half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) enhanced cytotoxicity by activating caspase 3. Our data suggest that the combination of reovirus and low dose chemotherapeutic agents provides an attractive option in canine cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Igase
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Igase, Noguchi, Mizuno), Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine (Kambayashi, Miyama, Baba, Okuda), and Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology (Kubo), Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Hwang) and Biomedical Science Center for Translational Research (Okuda, Noguchi, Mizuno), United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan; Oncolytics Biotech Inc., Calgary, Alberta (Coffey)
| | - Chung Chew Hwang
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Igase, Noguchi, Mizuno), Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine (Kambayashi, Miyama, Baba, Okuda), and Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology (Kubo), Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Hwang) and Biomedical Science Center for Translational Research (Okuda, Noguchi, Mizuno), United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan; Oncolytics Biotech Inc., Calgary, Alberta (Coffey)
| | - Satoshi Kambayashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Igase, Noguchi, Mizuno), Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine (Kambayashi, Miyama, Baba, Okuda), and Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology (Kubo), Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Hwang) and Biomedical Science Center for Translational Research (Okuda, Noguchi, Mizuno), United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan; Oncolytics Biotech Inc., Calgary, Alberta (Coffey)
| | - Masato Kubo
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Igase, Noguchi, Mizuno), Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine (Kambayashi, Miyama, Baba, Okuda), and Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology (Kubo), Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Hwang) and Biomedical Science Center for Translational Research (Okuda, Noguchi, Mizuno), United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan; Oncolytics Biotech Inc., Calgary, Alberta (Coffey)
| | - Matt Coffey
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Igase, Noguchi, Mizuno), Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine (Kambayashi, Miyama, Baba, Okuda), and Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology (Kubo), Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Hwang) and Biomedical Science Center for Translational Research (Okuda, Noguchi, Mizuno), United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan; Oncolytics Biotech Inc., Calgary, Alberta (Coffey)
| | - Takako Shimokawa Miyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Igase, Noguchi, Mizuno), Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine (Kambayashi, Miyama, Baba, Okuda), and Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology (Kubo), Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Hwang) and Biomedical Science Center for Translational Research (Okuda, Noguchi, Mizuno), United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan; Oncolytics Biotech Inc., Calgary, Alberta (Coffey)
| | - Kenji Baba
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Igase, Noguchi, Mizuno), Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine (Kambayashi, Miyama, Baba, Okuda), and Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology (Kubo), Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Hwang) and Biomedical Science Center for Translational Research (Okuda, Noguchi, Mizuno), United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan; Oncolytics Biotech Inc., Calgary, Alberta (Coffey)
| | - Masaru Okuda
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Igase, Noguchi, Mizuno), Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine (Kambayashi, Miyama, Baba, Okuda), and Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology (Kubo), Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Hwang) and Biomedical Science Center for Translational Research (Okuda, Noguchi, Mizuno), United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan; Oncolytics Biotech Inc., Calgary, Alberta (Coffey)
| | - Shunsuke Noguchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Igase, Noguchi, Mizuno), Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine (Kambayashi, Miyama, Baba, Okuda), and Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology (Kubo), Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Hwang) and Biomedical Science Center for Translational Research (Okuda, Noguchi, Mizuno), United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan; Oncolytics Biotech Inc., Calgary, Alberta (Coffey)
| | - Takuya Mizuno
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Igase, Noguchi, Mizuno), Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine (Kambayashi, Miyama, Baba, Okuda), and Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology (Kubo), Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Hwang) and Biomedical Science Center for Translational Research (Okuda, Noguchi, Mizuno), United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan; Oncolytics Biotech Inc., Calgary, Alberta (Coffey)
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15
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MacNeill AL. On the potential of oncolytic virotherapy for the treatment of canine cancers. Oncolytic Virother 2015; 4:95-107. [PMID: 27512674 PMCID: PMC4918385 DOI: 10.2147/ov.s66358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 6 million dogs are diagnosed with cancer in the USA each year. Treatment options for many of these patients are limited. It is important that the veterinary and scientific communities begin to explore novel treatment protocols for dogs with cancer. Oncolytic viral therapy is a promising treatment option that may prove to be relatively inexpensive and effective against several types of cancer. The efficacy of oncolytic virus therapies has been clearly demonstrated in murine cancer models, but the positive outcomes observed in mice are not always seen in human cancer patients. These therapies should be thoroughly evaluated in dogs with spontaneously arising cancers to provide needed information about the potential effectiveness of virus treatment for human cancers and to promote the health of our companion animals. This article provides a review of the results of oncolytic virus treatment of canine cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L MacNeill
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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