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Guo Y, Xue L, Tang W, Xiong J, Chen D, Dai Y, Wu C, Wei S, Dai J, Wu M, Wang S. Ovarian microenvironment: challenges and opportunities in protecting against chemotherapy-associated ovarian damage. Hum Reprod Update 2024:dmae020. [PMID: 38942605 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmae020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy-associated ovarian damage (CAOD) is one of the most feared short- and long-term side effects of anticancer treatment in premenopausal women. Accumulating detailed data show that different chemotherapy regimens can lead to disturbance of ovarian hormone levels, reduced or lost fertility, and an increased risk of early menopause. Previous studies have often focused on the direct effects of chemotherapeutic drugs on ovarian follicles, such as direct DNA damage-mediated apoptotic death and primordial follicle burnout. Emerging evidence has revealed an imbalance in the ovarian microenvironment during chemotherapy. The ovarian microenvironment provides nutritional support and transportation of signals that stimulate the growth and development of follicles, ovulation, and corpus luteum formation. The close interaction between the ovarian microenvironment and follicles can determine ovarian function. Therefore, designing novel and precise strategies to manipulate the ovarian microenvironment may be a new strategy to protect ovarian function during chemotherapy. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE This review details the changes that occur in the ovarian microenvironment during chemotherapy and emphasizes the importance of developing new therapeutics that protect ovarian function by targeting the ovarian microenvironment during chemotherapy. SEARCH METHODS A comprehensive review of the literature was performed by searching PubMed up to April 2024. Search terms included 'ovarian microenvironment' (ovarian extracellular matrix, ovarian stromal cells, ovarian interstitial, ovarian blood vessels, ovarian lymphatic vessels, ovarian macrophages, ovarian lymphocytes, ovarian immune cytokines, ovarian oxidative stress, ovarian reactive oxygen species, ovarian senescence cells, ovarian senescence-associated secretory phenotypes, ovarian oogonial stem cells, ovarian stem cells), terms related to ovarian function (reproductive health, fertility, infertility, fecundity, ovarian reserve, ovarian function, menopause, decreased ovarian reserve, premature ovarian insufficiency/failure), and terms related to chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, lfosfamide, chlormethine, chlorambucil, busulfan, melphalan, procarbazine, cisplatin, doxorubicin, carboplatin, taxane, paclitaxel, docetaxel, 5-fluorouraci, vincristine, methotrexate, dactinomycin, bleomycin, mercaptopurine). OUTCOMES The ovarian microenvironment shows great changes during chemotherapy, inducing extracellular matrix deposition and stromal fibrosis, angiogenesis disorders, immune microenvironment disturbance, oxidative stress imbalances, ovarian stem cell exhaustion, and cell senescence, thereby lowering the quantity and quality of ovarian follicles. Several methods targeting the ovarian microenvironment have been adopted to prevent and treat CAOD, such as stem cell therapy and the use of free radical scavengers, senolytherapies, immunomodulators, and proangiogenic factors. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Ovarian function is determined by its 'seeds' (follicles) and 'soil' (ovarian microenvironment). The ovarian microenvironment has been reported to play a vital role in CAOD and targeting the ovarian microenvironment may present potential therapeutic approaches for CAOD. However, the relation between the ovarian microenvironment, its regulatory networks, and CAOD needs to be further studied. A better understanding of these issues could be helpful in explaining the pathogenesis of CAOD and creating innovative strategies for counteracting the effects exerted on ovarian function. Our aim is that this narrative review of CAOD will stimulate more research in this important field. REGISTRATION NUMBER Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yican Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liru Xue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Weicheng Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiaqiang Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yun Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chuqing Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Simin Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shixuan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Purbantoro SD, Taephatthanasagon T, Purwaningrum M, Hirankanokchot T, Peralta S, Fiani N, Sawangmake C, Rattanapuchpong S. Trends of regenerative tissue engineering for oral and maxillofacial reconstruction in veterinary medicine. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1325559. [PMID: 38450027 PMCID: PMC10915013 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1325559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral and maxillofacial (OMF) defects are not limited to humans and are often encountered in other species. Reconstructing significant tissue defects requires an excellent strategy for efficient and cost-effective treatment. In this regard, tissue engineering comprising stem cells, scaffolds, and signaling molecules is emerging as an innovative approach to treating OMF defects in veterinary patients. This review presents a comprehensive overview of OMF defects and tissue engineering principles to establish proper treatment and achieve both hard and soft tissue regeneration in veterinary practice. Moreover, bench-to-bedside future opportunities and challenges of tissue engineering usage are also addressed in this literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Dwi Purbantoro
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Teeanutree Taephatthanasagon
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Medania Purwaningrum
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Thanyathorn Hirankanokchot
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Santiago Peralta
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Nadine Fiani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Chenphop Sawangmake
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Regenerative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sirirat Rattanapuchpong
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Academic Affairs, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Ferreira-Baptista C, Ferreira R, Fernandes MH, Gomes PS, Colaço B. Influence of the Anatomical Site on Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells' Biological Profile and Osteogenic Potential in Companion Animals. Vet Sci 2023; 10:673. [PMID: 38133224 PMCID: PMC10747344 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10120673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) have generated considerable interest in the field of veterinary medicine, particularly for their potential in therapeutic strategies focused on bone regeneration. These cells possess unique biological characteristics, including their regenerative capacity and their ability to produce bioactive molecules. However, it is crucial to recognize that the characteristics of ADSCs can vary depending on the animal species and the site from which they are derived, such as the subcutaneous and visceral regions (SCAT and VAT, respectively). Thus, the present work aimed to comprehensively review the different traits of ADSCs isolated from diverse anatomical sites in companion animals, i.e., dogs, cats, and horses, in terms of immunophenotype, morphology, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation potential. The findings indicate that the immunophenotype, proliferation, and osteogenic potential of ADSCs differ according to tissue origin and species. Generally, the proliferation rate is higher in VAT-derived ADSCs in dogs and horses, whereas in cats, the proliferation rate appears to be similar in both cells isolated from SCAT and VAT regions. In terms of osteogenic differentiation potential, VAT-derived ADSCs demonstrate the highest capability in cats, whereas SCAT-derived ADSCs exhibit superior potential in horses. Interestingly, in dogs, VAT-derived cells appear to have greater potential than those isolated from SCAT. Within the VAT, ADSCs derived from the falciform ligament and omentum show increased osteogenic potential, compared to cells isolated from other anatomical locations. Consequently, considering these disparities, optimizing isolation protocols becomes pivotal, tailoring them to the specific target species and therapeutic aims, and judiciously selecting the anatomical site for ADSC isolation. This approach holds promise to enhance the efficacy of ADSCs-based bone regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Ferreira-Baptista
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- BoneLab—Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal; (M.H.F.); (P.S.G.)
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, University of Porto, 4100-007 Porto, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Rita Ferreira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Maria Helena Fernandes
- BoneLab—Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal; (M.H.F.); (P.S.G.)
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, University of Porto, 4100-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Sousa Gomes
- BoneLab—Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal; (M.H.F.); (P.S.G.)
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, University of Porto, 4100-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Colaço
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, University of Porto, 4100-007 Porto, Portugal
- CECAV—Animal and Veterinary Research Centre UTAD, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Rivas IL, Soltero-Rivera M, Vapniarsky N, Arzi B. Stromal cell therapy in cats with feline chronic gingivostomatitis: current perspectives and future direction. J Feline Med Surg 2023; 25:1098612X231185395. [PMID: 37548494 PMCID: PMC10811994 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x231185395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a painful, immune-mediated, oral mucosal inflammatory disease in cats. The etiology of FCGS remains unclear, with evidence pointing potentially toward a viral cause. Full-mouth tooth extraction is the current standard of care, and cats that are non-responsive to extraction therapy may need lifelong medical management and, in some cases, euthanasia. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (adMSCs) have been demonstrated to have advantages in the treatment and potentially the cure of non-responsive FCGS in cats. Therefore, adMSCs have attracted a series of ongoing clinical trials in the past decade. AdMSC therapy immediately after full-mouth tooth extraction was not explored, and we postulate that it may benefit the overall success rate of FCGS therapy. Here, we aim to summarize the current knowledge and impact of adMSCs for the therapeutic management of FCGS and to suggest a novel modified approach to further increase the efficacy of FCGS treatment in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris L Rivas
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Maria Soltero-Rivera
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Natalia Vapniarsky
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Boaz Arzi
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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5
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Baouche M, Ochota M, Locatelli Y, Mermillod P, Niżański W. Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Generalities and Clinical Significance in Feline and Canine Medicine. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1903. [PMID: 37370414 DOI: 10.3390/ani13121903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells: they can proliferate like undifferentiated cells and have the ability to differentiate into different types of cells. A considerable amount of research focuses on the potential therapeutic benefits of MSCs, such as cell therapy or tissue regeneration, and MSCs are considered powerful tools in veterinary regenerative medicine. They are the leading type of adult stem cells in clinical trials owing to their immunosuppressive, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as their low teratogenic risk compared with pluripotent stem cells. The present review details the current understanding of the fundamental biology of MSCs. We focus on MSCs' properties and their characteristics with the goal of providing an overview of therapeutic innovations based on MSCs in canines and felines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Baouche
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-366 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Ochota
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-366 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Yann Locatelli
- Physiology of Reproduction and Behaviors (PRC), UMR085, INRAE, CNRS, University of Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
- Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Réserve Zoologique de la Haute Touche, 36290 Obterre, France
| | - Pascal Mermillod
- Physiology of Reproduction and Behaviors (PRC), UMR085, INRAE, CNRS, University of Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Wojciech Niżański
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-366 Wrocław, Poland
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Ferreira-Baptista C, Queirós A, Ferreira R, Fernandes MH, Gomes PS, Colaço B. Retinoic acid induces the osteogenic differentiation of cat adipose tissue-derived stromal cells from distinct anatomical sites. J Anat 2023; 242:277-288. [PMID: 36056547 PMCID: PMC9877480 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells-based regenerative orthopedic therapies have been used in cats as a promising and innovative therapeutic approach to enhance the repair of bone defects. Adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) can be obtained from two main sites-subcutaneous and visceral-with established differences regarding structure, composition, cell content, and functionality. However, in cats, to the best of the authors' knowledge, no studies have been conducted to compare the functional activity of the ADSCs isolated from the two sites, and the impact of these differences on the induced osteogenic potential. Additionally, retinoic acid has been recently regarded as a new osteogenic inducer within cells of distinct species, with undisclosed functionality on cat-derived cell populations. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the functional activity of ADSCs isolated from the subcutaneous and visceral adipose sites (SCAT and VAT, respectively) of the cat, as well as the effects of two osteogenic-inducing conditions-the classic dexamethasone, β-glycerophosphate and ascorbic acid-supplemented media (Dex + β + AAM), and Retinoic Acid-supplemented media (RAM). The adipose tissue of subcutaneous and visceral origin was isolated, characterized, and ADSCs were isolated and grown in the presence of the two osteogenic-inducing conditions, and characterized in terms of proliferation, metabolic activity, morphology, and osteogenic activity. Our results demonstrated a distinct biological profile of the two adipose tissue sites regarding cell size, vascularization, and morphology. Further, osteogenic-induced ADSCs from both sites presented an increased expression of alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and cytochemical staining, as compared with control. Overall, RAM induced higher levels of ALP activity than Dex + β + AAM, supporting an increased osteogenic activation. Additionally, VAT was the tissue with the best osteogenic potential, showing higher levels of ALP expression, particularly with RAM. In conclusion, different characteristics were found between the two adipose tissue sites-SCAT and VAT, which probably reflect the differences found in the functionality of isolated ADSCs from both tissues. Furthermore, for cat, VAT shows a greater osteogenic-inductive capacity than SCAT, particularly with RAM, which can be of therapeutic relevance for regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Ferreira-Baptista
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal.,BoneLab - Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,REQUIMTE/LAQV, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemistry University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Rita Ferreira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemistry University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria Helena Fernandes
- BoneLab - Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,REQUIMTE/LAQV, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Sousa Gomes
- BoneLab - Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,REQUIMTE/LAQV, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Colaço
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal.,REQUIMTE/LAQV, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,CECAV-Animal and Veterinary Research Centre UTAD, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Vila Real, Portugal
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Early Transcriptional Changes of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs) in Cell Culture. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58091249. [PMID: 36143926 PMCID: PMC9501538 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58091249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: While autologous fat grafting has been carried out in the clinical field for many years, the utilization of isolated and cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) is highly restricted in many countries. However, ADSCs are under investigation currently and heavily researched in many cell-based therapy approaches in the field of regenerative medicine. Objective: For the utilization of future cell-based therapies with ADSCs, in vitro cell expansion might be necessary in many cases. Thus, the cellular characteristics of ADSCs may be altered though the process of being cultured. The aim of this study was to assess changes in the gene expression profile of ADSCs after cell expansion for 48 h. Materials and Methods: Isolated ADSCs from five different donors were used for in vitro expansion. For the evaluation of the gene expression profile, mRNA deep Next-Generation Sequencing was performed to evaluate the differences between cultured and freshly isolated cells. Results: Our study gives insight into transcriptional changes in ADSCs after a short cell cultivation period. This includes the most prominent upregulated genes such as PPL, PRR15, CCL11 and ABCA9, as well the most downregulated genes, which are FOSB, FOS, EGR1 and DUSP6. Furthermore, we showed different biological processes that changed during short-term cell expansion, which led to downregulation of fat-associated metabolism hormone processes and to an upregulation of extracellular matrix-associated genes. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study reveals a detailed insight into early changes in the gene expression profile of cultured ADSCs. Our results can be utilized in future experiments.
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Isolation and Characterization of Cat Olfactory Ecto-Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12101284. [PMID: 35625130 PMCID: PMC9137790 DOI: 10.3390/ani12101284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cat’s health is impacted by several diseases and lesions for which cell therapy could be an interesting treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells or adult stem cells are found in developed tissue. Olfactory mucosa contains stem cells called olfactory ecto-mesenchymal stem cells which have already been isolated from various animals as dogs and horses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of collecting olfactory ecto-mesenchymal stem cells in cats. For that purpose, four cats were biopsied; the cells were collected and characterized. They show stemness features and differentiation capabilities as all the other mammals previously studied. Therefore, olfactory ecto-mesenchymal stem cells could be a promising tool for feline regenerative medicine. Abstract The olfactory mucosa contains olfactory ecto-mesenchymal stem cells (OE-MSCs) which show stemness features, multipotency capabilities, and have a therapeutic potential. The OE-MSCs have already been collected and isolated from various mammals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of collecting, purifying and amplifying OE-MSCs from the cat nasal cavity. Four cats were included in the study. Biopsies of olfactory mucosa were performed on anesthetized animals. Then, the olfactory OE-MSCs were isolated, and their stemness features as well as their mesodermal differentiation capabilities were characterized. Olfactory mucosa biopsies were successfully performed in all subjects. From these biopsies, cellular populations were rapidly generated, presenting various stemness features, such as a fibroblast-like morphology, nestin and MAP2 expression, and sphere and colony formation. These cells could differentiate into neural and mesodermal lineages. This report shows for the first time that the isolation of OE-MSCs from cat olfactory mucosa is possible. These cells showed stemness features and multilineage differentiation capabilities, indicating they may be a promising tool for autologous grafts and feline regenerative medicine.
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Altered Proteomic Profile of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes from Cats with Severe Chronic Gingivostomatitis. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082466. [PMID: 34438923 PMCID: PMC8388770 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a common pathology in cats, related to an aberrant immune response. The cause of FCGS remains elusive, despite extensive investigations. A multitude of conditions and infectious agents have been related, without proof of causation, as follows: virus, bacteria, environmental stress, hypersensitivity, etc. In recent years, therapies based on feline adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (fAd-MSC) have become an interesting alternative for the treatment of different complex pathologies in cats. Mesenchymal stem cells secrete a wide variety of therapeutic elements, such as bioactive molecules and extracellular vesicles, such as exosomes. It is essential to characterize these elements, to better understand their mechanisms of action. In this study, we show, for the first time, that the proteomic profile of fAd-MSC-derived exosomes, from calicivirus-positive patients with severe FCGS, is altered. Using bioinformatic tools, we have demonstrated the existence of different proteins in the exosomes from diseased patients, responsible for an altered biological effect. In addition, the exosomes do not only experience changes in their cargo, but are also produced in larger quantities. This study might contribute to the better prediction of the clinical outcomes of mesenchymal stem cell treatments in veterinary patients with immune-mediated diseases, such as FCGS. Abstract Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a pathology with a complicated therapeutic approach and with a prevalence between 0.7 and 12%. Although the etiology of the disease is diverse, feline calicivirus infection is known to be a predisposing factor. To date, the available treatment helps in controlling the disease, but cannot always provide a cure, which leads to a high percentage of refractory animals. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a pivotal role in the homeostasis and reparation of different tissues and have the ability to modulate the immune system responses. This ability is, in part, due to the capacity of exosomes to play a part in intercellular cell communication. However, the precise role of MSC-derived exosomes and their alterations in immunocompromised pathologies remains unknown, especially in veterinary patients. The goal of this work was to analyze the proteomic profile of feline adipose tissue-derived MSCs (fAd-MSCs) from calicivirus-positive FCGS patients, and to detect possible modifications of the exosomal cargo, to gain better knowledge of the disease’s etiopathogenesis. Using high-resolution mass spectrometry and functional enrichment analysis with Gene Ontology, exosomes isolated from the fAd-MSCs of five healthy cats and five calicivirus-positive FCGS patients, were pooled and compared. The results showed that the fAd-MSCs from cats suffering from FCGS not only had a higher exosome production, but also their exosomes showed significant alterations in their proteomic profile. Eight proteins were exclusively found in the exosomes from the FCGS group, and five proteins could only be found in the exosomes from the healthy cats. When comparing the exosomal cargo between the two groups, significant upregulation of 17 and downregulation of 13 proteins were detected in the FCGS group compared to the control group. These findings shed light on new perspectives on the roles of MSCs and their relation to this disease, which may help in identifying new therapeutic targets and selecting specific biomarkers.
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Park SG, An JH, Li Q, Chae HK, Park SM, Lee JH, Ahn JO, Song WJ, Youn HY. Feline adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells pretreated with IFN-γ enhance immunomodulatory effects through the PGE₂ pathway. J Vet Sci 2021; 22:e16. [PMID: 33774932 PMCID: PMC8007449 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2021.22.e16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Preconditioning with inflammatory stimuli is used to improve the secretion of anti-inflammatory agents in stem cells from variant species such as mouse, human, and dog. However, there are only few studies on feline stem cells. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the immune regulatory capacity of feline adipose tissue-derived (fAT) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) pretreated with interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). Methods To assess the interaction of lymphocytes and macrophages with IFN-γ-pretreated fAT-MSCs, mouse splenocytes and RAW 264.7 cells were cultured with the conditioned media from IFN-γ-pretreated MSCs. Results Pretreatment with IFN-γ increased the gene expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, hepatocyte growth factor, and transforming growth factor-beta 1 in the MSCs. The conditioned media from IFN-γ-pretreated MSCs increased the expression levels of M2 macrophage markers and regulatory T-cell markers compared to those in the conditioned media from naive MSCs. Further, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) inhibitor NS-398 attenuated the immunoregulatory potential of MSCs, suggesting that the increased PGE2 levels induced by IFN-γ stimulation is a crucial factor in the immune regulatory capacity of MSCs pretreated with IFN-γ. Conclusions IFN-γ pretreatment improves the immune regulatory profile of fAT-MSCs mainly via the secretion of PGE2, which induces macrophage polarization and increases regulatory T-cell numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seol Gi Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Ju Hyun An
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133000, China
| | - Hyung Kyu Chae
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Su Min Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jeong Hwa Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jin Ok Ahn
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Woo Jin Song
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
| | - Hwa Young Youn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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Wysong A, Ortiz P, Bittel D, Ott L, Karanu F, Filla M, Stehno-Bittel L. Viability, yield and expansion capability of feline MSCs obtained from subcutaneous and reproductive organ adipose depots. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:244. [PMID: 34266445 PMCID: PMC8281647 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02948-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The source of multipotent stromal cells (MSC) can have a significant influence on the health and expansion capacity of the cells. As the applications for allogeneic MSCs in the treatment of feline diseases increase, the location of the initial donor tissue must be analyzed. To date, comparisons have only been made between feline MSCs collected from bone marrow or abdominal fat. This is the first report to compare cells obtained from different adipose depots in the cat with a focus on clinically relevant donor tissues. The tissue was collected from 34 healthy cats undergoing spaying (fat around the ovaries and uterine horn) or subcutaneous fat collected during surgical procedures. RESULTS The amount of starting material is essential to isolate sufficient MSCs. The total tissue yield from the subcutaneous fat was significantly greater than could be obtained from around the reproductive organs, leading to 3 times more MSCs per donor. However, the concentration of MSCs obtained from reproductive fat was higher than from subcutaneous fat. In addition, the viability of the MSCs from the reproductive fat was significantly higher than the subcutaneous fat. Since most spaying occurs in young cats (under 18 months) reproductive fat was collected from adult cats during spaying, illustrating that age did not alter the yield or viability of the MSCs. When sufficient tissue was collected, it was digested either mechanically or enzymatically. Mechanical digestion further decreased the viability and yield of MSCs from subcutaneous fat compared to enzymatic digestion. Biomarkers of stem cell characterization, expansion capacity and function were detected using qPCR. CD70, CD90 and CD105 were all expressed in high levels in the 3 groups. However, the reproductive fat had higher levels of CD73 with the mechanically digested subcutaneous fat having the least. Gata6 was detected in all samples while Sox2 and Sox17 were also detected with higher quantities found in the enzymatically digested subcutaneous fat. Negative control genes of Gata4 and Pdx1 showed no detection prior to 50 cycles. During the first three passages, age of the donor, location of the donor tissue, or digestion protocol had no effect on cell culture doubling times or cell viability. CONCLUSIONS While MSCs from reproductive fat had superior cells/tissue weight and initial viability, there were still dramatically fewer cells obtained compared to subcutaneous fat due to the limited amount of tissue surrounding the reproductive organs. Further, in P1-P3 cultures there were no differences noted in doubling time or cell viability between tissue obtained from reproductive or subcutaneous fat depots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Wysong
- College of Biology, Kansas City University, 1750 Independence Ave, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | | | - Douglas Bittel
- College of Biology, Kansas City University, 1750 Independence Ave, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Lindsey Ott
- Likarda LLC, 10330 Hickman Mills Drive, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Francis Karanu
- Likarda LLC, 10330 Hickman Mills Drive, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Michael Filla
- College of Biology, Kansas City University, 1750 Independence Ave, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Lisa Stehno-Bittel
- Likarda LLC, 10330 Hickman Mills Drive, Kansas City, MO, USA.
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, KS, 66160, Kansas City, USA.
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Jin L, Lu N, Zhang W, Zhou Y. Altered properties of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cell during continuous in vitro cultivation. Cytotechnology 2021; 73:657-667. [PMID: 34349354 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-021-00486-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) are now recognized as an accessible, abundant, and reliable stem cells for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, ASCs should be expanded long term in order to harvest higher cell number for clinical application. In this study, ASCs isolated from human subcutaneous adipose tissue and senescence after long-term expansion was evaluated. The results showed that following in vitro expansion to the 15th passage, ASCs show changes in morphology (toward the "fried egg" morphology) and decrease in proliferation potential. Nonetheless, ASCs maintained differentiation potential toward osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. The senescent ASCs show impaired migration capacity under the same basal conditions. OXPHOS and glycolysis decreased slightly in culture from passage 5 to passage 15. ASCs also showed increased accumulation of beta-galactosidase in culture. Expression of senescence markers p53, p16, and p21 were also increased accompanied with the increase of passages. Experiment data showed that ASCs biological characteristics depended and changed with age. We recommend the use of early-passage cells, particularly those before passage 5, for efficacious therapeutic application of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianhua Jin
- Pediatric Cardiovascular Department, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Na Lu
- Pediatric Cardiovascular Department, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Pediatric Cardiovascular Department, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
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13
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Voga M, Kovač V, Majdic G. Comparison of Canine and Feline Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells/Medicinal Signaling Cells With Regard to Cell Surface Marker Expression, Viability, Proliferation, and Differentiation Potential. Front Vet Sci 2021; 7:610240. [PMID: 33521084 PMCID: PMC7838367 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.610240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Remarkable immunomodulatory abilities of mesenchymal stem cells, also called multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells or medicinal signaling cells (MSCs), have entailed significant advances in veterinary regenerative medicine in recent years. Despite positive outcomes from MSC therapies in various diseases in dogs and cats, differences in MSC characteristics between small animal veterinary patients are not well-known. We performed a comparative study of cells' surface marker expression, viability, proliferation, and differentiation capacity of adipose-derived MSCs (ADMSCs) from dogs and domestic cats. The same growth media and methods were used to isolate, characterize, and culture canine and feline ADMSCs. Adipose tissue was collected from 11 dogs and 8 cats of both sexes. The expression of surface markers CD44, CD90, and CD34 was detected by flow cytometry. Viability at passage 3 was measured with the hemocytometer and compared to the viability measured by flow cytometry after 1 day of handling. The proliferation potential of MSCs was measured by calculating cell doubling and cell doubling time from second to eighth passage. Differentiation potential was determined at early and late passages by inducing cells toward adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation using commercial media. Our study shows that the percentage of CD44+CD90+ and CD34−/− cells is higher in cells from dogs than in cells from cats. The viability of cells measured by two different methods at passage 3 differed between the species, and finally, canine ADMSCs possess greater proliferation and differentiation potential in comparison to the feline ADMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metka Voga
- Veterinary Faculty, Institute for Preclinical Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Valerija Kovač
- Blood Transfusion Centre of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Majdic
- Veterinary Faculty, Institute for Preclinical Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Medical Faculty, Institute for Physiology, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
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Abstract
Cellular senescence is a cell cycle arrest in damaged or aged cells. Although this represents a critical mechanism of tumor suppression, persistence of senescent cells during aging induces chronic inflammation and tissue dysfunction through the adoption of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). This has been shown to promote the progression of age-associated diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, pulmonary fibrosis, and atherosclerosis. As the global population ages, the role of cellular senescence in disease is becoming a more critical area of research. In this review, mechanisms, biomarkers, and pathology of cellular senescence and SASP are described with a brief discussion of literature supporting a role for cellular senescence in veterinary diseases. Cell culture and mouse models used in senescence studies are also reviewed including the senescence-accelerated mouse-prone (SAMP), senescence pathway knockout mice (p53, p21 [CDKN1A], and p16 [CDKN2A]), and the more recently developed senolysis mice, which allow for direct visualization and elimination (or lysis) of senescent cells in live mice (p16-3MR and INK-ATTAC). These and other mouse models have demonstrated the importance of cellular senescence in embryogenesis and wound healing but have also identified a therapeutic benefit for targeting persistent senescent cells in age-associated diseases including neurodegeneration, diabetes, and cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Beck
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, 313611National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Izumi Horikawa
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, 313611National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Curtis Harris
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, 313611National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Bahir B, S. Choudhery M, Hussain I. Hypoxic Preconditioning as a Strategy to Maintain the Regenerative Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Regen Med 2020. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.93217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Fitzpatrick N, Black C, Choucroun M, Blunn G, Meswania J, Sanghani‐Kerai A. Treatment of a large osseous defect in a feline tarsus using a stem cell‐seeded custom implant. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 14:1378-1383. [DOI: 10.1002/term.3104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gordon Blunn
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences University of Portsmouth Portsmouth UK
| | - Jay Meswania
- Fitzpatrick Referrals, Eashing Godalming, Surrey UK
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Voga M, Adamic N, Vengust M, Majdic G. Stem Cells in Veterinary Medicine-Current State and Treatment Options. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:278. [PMID: 32656249 PMCID: PMC7326035 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is a branch of medicine that develops methods to grow, repair, or replace damaged or diseased cells, organs or tissues. It has gained significant momentum in recent years. Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with the capability to self—renew and differentiate into tissue cells with specialized functions. Stem cell therapies are therefore used to overcome the body's inability to regenerate damaged tissues and metabolic processes after acute or chronic insult. The concept of stem cell therapy was first introduced in 1991 by Caplan, who proposed that massive differentiation of cells into the desired tissue could be achieved by isolation, cultivation, and expansion of stem cells in in vitro conditions. Among different stem cell types, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) currently seem to be the most suitable for therapeutic purposes, based on their simple isolation and culturing techniques, and lack of ethical issues regarding their usage. Because of their remarkable immunomodulatory abilities, MSCs are increasingly gaining recognition in veterinary medicine. Developments are primarily driven by the limitations of current treatment options for various medical problems in different animal species. MSCs represent a possible therapeutic option for many animal diseases, such as orthopedic, orodental and digestive tract diseases, liver, renal, cardiac, respiratory, neuromuscular, dermal, olfactory, and reproductive system diseases. Although we are progressively gaining an understanding of MSC behavior and their mechanisms of action, some of the issues considering their use for therapy are yet to be resolved. The aim of this review is first to summarize the current knowledge and stress out major issues in stem cell based therapies in veterinary medicine and, secondly, to present results of clinical usage of stem cells in veterinary patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metka Voga
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Neza Adamic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Modest Vengust
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Fujimoto Y, Yokozeki T, Yokoyama A, Tabata Y. Basic fibroblast growth factor enhances proliferation and hepatocyte growth factor expression of feline mesenchymal stem cells. Regen Ther 2020; 15:10-17. [PMID: 32490062 PMCID: PMC7256438 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on the proliferation and secretion activity of feline adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Methods Feline MSC isolated from the subcutaneous adipose tissue of cats were cultured with or without bFGF. Results The bFGF addition enhanced the proliferation of feline MSC to a significant great extent compared with that without bFGF, although the cell proliferation tended to increase with the bFGF concentration. In addition, adipogenic and osteogenic staining assay demonstrated that the bFGF addition allowed MSC to maintain the differentiation ability even after the proliferation. Moreover, no change in the surface markers of MSC was observed between the cultures with or without bFGF. A quantitative RT-PCR assay revealed that the HGF and TSG-6 expression significantly increased by the bFGF addition. The highest mRNA expression of MMP-2 was observed for cells cultured in 1000 ng/ml bFGF concentration. Conclusions The culture with bFGF is a promising way to enhance the proliferation, and HGF secretion ability of MSC as well as maintain their differentiation ability and immunophenotype nature. Feline adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) was cultured with or without the basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). The bFGF enhanced the proliferation and increased the mRNA expression of HGF, TSG-6, and MMP-2. The bFGF addition was not influenced to the differentiation ability and cell surface marker of MSC.
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Key Words
- Basic fibroblast growth factor
- CKD, chronic kidney disease
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- FGF, basic fibroblast growth factor
- Feline
- GAPDH, gliyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- HGF, hepatocyte growth factor
- Hepatocyte growth factor
- MMP-2, matrix metalloproteinase-2
- MSC, mesenchymal stem cells
- Mesenchymal stem cell
- P1, passage 1
- Proliferation
- SVF, stromal vascular fraction
- TSG-6, tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene 6
- Tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene 6
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhei Fujimoto
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory of Biomaterials, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Echeverry DM, Asenjo PA, Rojas DM, Aguilera CJ, Rodríguez-Álvarez L, Castro FO. Characterization of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue of a cougar ( Puma concolor). Anim Reprod 2020; 17:e20190109. [PMID: 32714450 PMCID: PMC7375862 DOI: 10.21451/1984-3143-ar2019-0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) have been isolated from domestic and wild cats. For wild cats, the isolation of AMSCs has been reported in the black-footed cats (Felis nigripes) and guigna (Leopardus guigna). Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) isolated from cougar adipose tissue have been used to restore elbow functionality in the cougar (Puma concolor) but multipotent characteristics of these cells have not been described. The present study describes for the first time the isolation and characterization of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue of cougar. AMSCs and fibroblasts from six months female cougar were isolated and cultured in DMEM/F12, supplemented with FBS 10% + 1% Antibiotic/Antifungal + 2.4 mM L-Glutamine + 2.4 mM pyruvate up to passage 5. Expression of pluripotent and surface marker genes was evaluated at mRNA level. Mesodermal differentiation (adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic) was described. AMSCs expressed mRNA of pluripotent genes Oct4, Nanog, Sox2 and Klf4 and surface markers Cd44, Cd90, Cd105 and MHCII. Fibroblasts showed similar mRNA expression with the exception of Sox2. AMSCs obtained from cougar exhibit multipotency features similar to domestic cats MSC, nevertheless, other analyses are required. AMSCs from cougar could be a source of interest for treatment of individuals that remain in captivity or arrive to wildlife rehabilitation centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Maritza Echeverry
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Pamela Alejandra Asenjo
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Daniela Michele Rojas
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Constanza Javiera Aguilera
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Lleretny Rodríguez-Álvarez
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Fidel Ovidio Castro
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
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Echeverry DM, Asenjo PA, Rojas DM, Aguilera CJ, Rodríguez-Álvarez L, Castro FO. Characterization of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue of a cougar (Puma concolor). Anim Reprod 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2019-0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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An JH, Song WJ, Li Q, Kim SM, Yang JI, Ryu MO, Nam AR, Bhang DH, Jung YC, Youn HY. Prostaglandin E 2 secreted from feline adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells alleviate DSS-induced colitis by increasing regulatory T cells in mice. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:354. [PMID: 30453939 PMCID: PMC6245895 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1684-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an intractable autoimmune disease, relatively common in cats, with chronic vomiting and diarrhea. Previous studies have reported that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) alleviate inflammation by modulating immune cells. However, there is a lack of research on cross-talk mechanism between feline adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (fAT-MSCs) and immune cells in IBD model. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of fAT-MSC on mice model of colitis and to clarify the therapeutic mechanism of fAT-MSCs. RESULTS Intraperitoneal infusion of fAT-MSC ameliorated the clinical and histopathologic severity of colitis, including body weight loss, diarrhea, and inflammation in the colon of Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-treated mice (C57BL/6). Since regulatory T cells (Tregs) are pivotal in modulating immune responses and maintaining tolerance in colitis, the relation of Tregs with fAT-MSC-secreted factor was investigated in vitro. PGE2 secreted from fAT-MSC was demonstrated to induce elevation of FOXP3 mRNA expression and adjust inflammatory cytokines in Con A-induced feline peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Furthermore, in vivo, FOXP3+ cells of the fAT-MSC group were significantly increased in the inflamed colon, relative to that in the PBS group. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that PGE2 secreted from fAT-MSC can reduce inflammation by increasing FOXP3+ Tregs in mice model of colitis. Consequently, these results propose the possibility of administration of fAT-MSC to cats with not only IBD but also other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hyun An
- Labolatory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Song
- Labolatory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Qiang Li
- Labolatory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Min Kim
- Labolatory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-In Yang
- Labolatory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ok Ryu
- Labolatory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - A Ryung Nam
- Labolatory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ha Bhang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Chan Jung
- Chaon Corporation, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13493, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Youn
- Labolatory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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