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Attia H, ElBanna SA, Khattab RA, Farag MA, Yassin AS, Aziz RK. Integrating Microbiome Analysis, Metabolomics, Bioinformatics, and Histopathology to Elucidate the Protective Effects of Pomegranate Juice against Benzo-alpha-pyrene-Induced Colon Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10691. [PMID: 37445869 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g., benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), are common dietary pollutants with potential carcinogenic activity, while polyphenols are potential chemopreventive antioxidants. Although several health benefits are attributed to polyphenol-rich pomegranate, little is known about its interaction with BaP. This study integrates histochemical, microbiomic, and metabolomic approaches to investigate the protective effects of pomegranate juice from BaP-induced pathologies. To this end, 48 Sprague-Dawley rats received, for four weeks, either pomegranate, BaP, both, or neither (n = 12 rats per group). Whereas histochemical examination of the colon indicated tissue damage marked by mucin depletion in BaP-fed animals, which was partially restored by administration of pomegranate juice, the fecal microbiome and metabolome retained their resilience, except for key changes related to pomegranate and BaP biotransformation. Meanwhile, dramatic microbiome restructuring and metabolome shift were observed as a consequence of the elapsed time (age factor). Additionally, the analysis allowed a thorough examination of fecal microbiome-metabolome associations, which delineated six microbiome clusters (marked by a differential abundance of Lactobacillaceae and Prevotellaceae, Rumincococcaceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae) and two major metabolome clusters (a sugar- and amino-acids-dominated metabotype vs. a cluster of fatty acids and hydrocarbons), with sugar alcohols maintaining a unique signature. In conclusion, using paired comparisons to minimize inter-individual animal variations allowed the dissection of temporal vs. treatment-derived variations. Microbiome-metabolome association clusters may be further exploited for metabotype prediction and gut-health biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Attia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
- Center for Genome and Microbiome Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Shahira A ElBanna
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
- Center for Genome and Microbiome Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Rania A Khattab
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Aymen S Yassin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
- Center for Genome and Microbiome Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Ramy K Aziz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
- Center for Genome and Microbiome Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
- Microbiology and Immunology Research Program, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo 11617, Egypt
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Hakura A, Sui H, Seki Y, Sonoda J, Yoshida Y, Takagi H, Yokose S, Matsuda T, Asakura S, Nohmi T. DNA polymerase κ suppresses inflammation and inflammation-induced mutagenesis and carcinogenic potential in the colon of mice. Genes Environ 2023; 45:15. [PMID: 37087526 PMCID: PMC10122296 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-023-00272-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation induces DNA damage and promotes cell proliferation, thereby increasing the risk of cancer. DNA polymerase κ (Pol κ), involved in translesion DNA synthesis, counteracts mutagenesis induced by inflammation in the colon of mice. In the present study, we examined whether Pol κ suppressed inflammation-induced colon tumorigenesis by treating inactivated Polk knock-in (Polk-/-) mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), an inducer of colon inflammation. RESULTS Male and female Polk-/- and Polk+/+ mice were administered 2% DSS in drinking water for six consecutive days, succeeded via a recovery period of 16 days, followed by 2% DSS for another two days. DSS treatment strongly induced colitis, and the severity of colitis was higher in Polk-/- mice than in Polk+/+ mice. The mice were sacrificed after 19 weeks from the initiation of the first DSS treatment and subjected to pathological examination and mutation analysis. DSS treatment induced colonic dysplasia, and the multiplicity of dysplasia was higher in Polk-/- mice than in Polk+/+mice. Some of the dysplasias in Polk-/- mice exhibited β-catenin-stained nucleus and/or cytoplasm. Mutation frequencies in the gpt reporter gene were increased by DSS treatment in Polk-/- mice, and were higher than those in Polk+/+ mice. CONCLUSIONS Pol κ suppresses inflammation and inflammation-induced dysplasia as well as inflammation-induced mutagenesis. The possible mechanisms by which Pol κ suppresses colitis- and colitis-induced dysplasia are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Hakura
- Global Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-Shi, Ibaraki, 300-2635, Japan.
| | - Hajime Sui
- Division of Safety Testing, Food and Drug Safety Center, Hatano Research Institute, Hadano, Kanagawa, 257-0025, Japan
| | - Yuki Seki
- Global Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-Shi, Ibaraki, 300-2635, Japan
| | - Jiro Sonoda
- Global Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-Shi, Ibaraki, 300-2635, Japan
- Present Address: Operations Department, Global Safety HQS, Eisai Co., Ltd., 4-6-10 Koishikawa, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 112-8088, Japan
| | - Yusaku Yoshida
- Biotechnical Center, Japan SLC, Inc., 3-5-1 Aoihigashi, Naka-Ku, Hamamatsu-Shi, Shizuoka, 433-8114, Japan
| | - Hisayoshi Takagi
- Biotechnical Center, Japan SLC, Inc., 3-5-1 Aoihigashi, Naka-Ku, Hamamatsu-Shi, Shizuoka, 433-8114, Japan
| | - Shigeo Yokose
- Biotechnical Center, Japan SLC, Inc., 3-5-1 Aoihigashi, Naka-Ku, Hamamatsu-Shi, Shizuoka, 433-8114, Japan
| | - Tomonari Matsuda
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga, 520-0811, Japan
| | - Shoji Asakura
- Global Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-Shi, Ibaraki, 300-2635, Japan
| | - Takehiko Nohmi
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-Ku, Kawasaki-Shi, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan.
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Hakura A, Koyama N, Seki Y, Sonoda J, Asakura S. o-Aminoazotoluene, 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, and N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea, which are mutagenic but not carcinogenic in the colon, rapidly induce colonic tumors in mice with dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. Genes Environ 2022; 44:11. [PMID: 35351212 PMCID: PMC8966303 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-022-00240-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several rodent models with chemically induced colon cancer have been developed. Among these models, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), a colitis inducer, combined with azoxymethane as a colon mutagenic carcinogen, is commonly used. We previously reported that although benzo [a] pyrene (BP) is mutagenic but not carcinogenic in the colon, it rapidly develops colon tumors at a high incidence/multiplicity after treatment with DSS. In the present study, we examined whether other colon-mutagenic non-carcinogens (CMNCs) induced colon tumors after treatment with DSS. RESULTS o-Aminoazotoluene, 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, and N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea were selected as CMNCs. Male CD2F1 mice were orally administered CMNC for 5 consecutive days. After a 9-day dose-free period, mice were treated with 4% DSS in drinking water for 1 week. Three months after DSS treatment, colon samples were collected for histopathology and β-catenin immunohistochemistry analyses. All CMNCs in combination with DSS induced colonic adenocarcinomas at a high incidence/multiplicity in the distal and middle parts of the colon, coinciding with the location of colitis. Unlike in normal cells where β-catenin is exclusively located on the cell membrane, in adenocarcinoma cells, it was translocated to both the nucleus and cytoplasm or only to cytoplasm. The translocation of β-catenin is closely associated with colon carcinogenesis in rodents and humans. No colonic tumors or dysplastic lesions were found after exposure to either CMNC or DSS alone. CONCLUSION We provided further evidence clearly showing that CMNCs can rapidly induce colonic tumors in mice with DSS-induced colitis, even if they are not colonic carcinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Hakura
- Global Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 300-2635, Japan.
| | - Naoki Koyama
- Global Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 300-2635, Japan
| | - Yuki Seki
- Global Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 300-2635, Japan
| | - Jiro Sonoda
- Global Drug Safety (present affiliation, Advanced Data Assurance), Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 300-2635, Japan
| | - Shoji Asakura
- Global Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 300-2635, Japan
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Benzo(a)pyrene-induced cytotoxicity, cell proliferation, DNA damage, and altered gene expression profiles in HT-29 human colon cancer cells. Cell Biol Toxicol 2021; 37:891-913. [PMID: 33411230 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-020-09579-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In the US alone, around 60,000 lives/year are lost to colon cancer. In order to study the mechanisms of colon carcinogenesis, in vitro model systems are required in addition to in vivo models. Towards this end, we have used the HT-29 colon cancer cells, cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), which were exposed to benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), a ubiquitous and prototypical environmental and dietary toxicant at 1, 10, 100 nM and 1, 5, 10, and 25 μM concentrations for 96 h. Post-BaP exposure, growth, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and cell cycle changes were determined. The BaP metabolite concentrations in colon cells were identified and measured. Furthermore, the BaP biotransformation enzymes were studied at the protein and mRNA levels. The BaP exposure-induced damage to DNA was assessed by measuring the oxidative damage to DNA and the concentrations of BaP-DNA adducts. To determine the whole repertoire of genes that are up- or downregulated by BaP exposure, mRNA transcriptome analysis was conducted. There was a BaP exposure concentration (dose)-dependent decrease in cell growth, cytotoxicity, and modulation of the cell cycle in the treatment groups compared to untreated or dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO: vehicle for BaP)-treated categories. The phase I biotransformation enzymes, CYP1A1 and 1B1, showed BaP concentration-dependent expression. On the other hand, phase II enzymes did not exhibit any marked variation. Consistent with the expression of phase I enzymes, elevated concentrations of BaP metabolites were generated, contributing to the formation of DNA lesions and stable DNA adducts, which were also BaP concentration-dependent. In summary, our studies established that biotransformation of BaP contributes to cytotoxicity, proliferation of tumor cells, and alteration of gene expression by BaP. • Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is an environmental and dietary toxicant. • BaP causes cytotoxicity in cultured HT-29 colon cancer cells. • mRNA transcriptome analyses revealed that BaP impacts cell growth, cell cycle, biotransformation, and DNA damage.
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6-Gingerol delays tumorigenesis in benzo[a]pyrene and dextran sulphate sodium-induced colorectal cancer in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 142:111483. [PMID: 32512025 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has been linked to dietary consumption of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P). 6-Gingerol (6-G), a component of ginger has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, but little is known regarding the mechanism of 6-G in CRC chemoprevention. We therefore investigated the effect of 6-G on B[a]P. and dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) induced CRC in mice. Mice in Group I and Group II received corn oil and 6-G orally at 2 ml/kg and 100 mg/kg, respectively for 126 days. Group III were administered 125 mg/kg of B[a]P for 5 days followed by 3 cycles of 4% dextran sulphate sodium (DSS). Group IV received 6-G for 7 days followed by co-administration with 125 mg/kg of B[a]P. for 5 days and 3 cycles of 4% DSS. Tumor formation was reduced and expression of Ki-67, WNT3a, DVL-2 and β-catenin following 6-G exposure. Also, 6-G increases expression of APC, P53, TUNEL positive nuclei and subsequently decreased the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, INOS, COX-2 and cyclin D1. 6-G inhibited angiogenesis by decreasing the concentration of VEGF, Angiopoietin-1, FGF and GDF-15 in the colon of B[a]P. and DSS exposed mice. Overall, 6-G attenuated B[a]P and DSS-induced CRC in mice via anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and apoptotic mechanisms.
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Hakura A, Sui H, Sonoda J, Matsuda T, Nohmi T. DNA polymerase kappa counteracts inflammation-induced mutagenesis in multiple organs of mice. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2019; 60:320-330. [PMID: 30620413 DOI: 10.1002/em.22272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In vitro studies indicate that DNA polymerase kappa (Polκ) is able to accurately and efficiently perform DNA synthesis using templates containing various types of DNA damage, including benzo[a]pyrene (BP)-induced N2 -deoxyguanosine adducts. In this study, we examined sensitivity of inactivated Polk knock-in (Polk-/- ) mice to BP carcinogenicity in the colon by administering an oral dose of BP plus dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), an inflammation causing promoter of carcinogenesis. Although colon cancer was successfully induced by BP plus DSS, there was no significant difference in tumor incidence or multiplicity between Polk-/- and Polk+/+ mice. Malignant lymphoma was induced in thymus by the treatment only in Polk-/- mice, but it lacked statistical significance. Mutant frequencies (MFs) in the gpt reporter gene were strongly enhanced in colon; almost to the same extent in both types of mice. Micronucleus formation in bone marrow at the high dose of BP and DNA adducts in colon and lung was not significantly different between two types of mice. Surprisingly, however, Polk-/- mice exhibited significantly higher MFs in colon and lung than did Polk+/+ mice when they were treated with DSS alone. The most prominent mutation induced by DSS treatment was G:C to C:G transversion, whose specific MF in proximal colon was 30 times higher in Polk-/- than in Polk+/+ mice. DSS alone did not enhance MF at all in Polk+/+ mice. The results indicate that Polκ does not suppress BP-induced mutagenesis and carcinogenesis in the colon, but counteracts inflammation-induced mutagenesis in multiple organs. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 60:320-330, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Hakura
- Tsukuba Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hajime Sui
- Food and Drug Safety Center, Hatano Research Institute, Hadano, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Jiro Sonoda
- GLP, Eisai Co., Ltd., Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tomonari Matsuda
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Takehiko Nohmi
- Biological Safety Research Center, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
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Ajayi BO, Adedara IA, Ajani OS, Oyeyemi MO, Farombi EO. [6]-Gingerol modulates spermatotoxicity associated with ulcerative colitis and benzo[a]pyrene exposure in BALB/c mice. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 29:247-256. [PMID: 29902912 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2017-0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The deterioration of male reproductive health may represent an outcome of an active disease and environmental factors. The present study investigated the modulatory role of [6]-gingerol in spermatotoxicity resulting from colitis and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), an environmental and food-borne pollutant. METHODS Group I (control) mice received corn oil alone, while group II ([6]-gingerol alone) mice orally received [6]-gingerol alone at 100 mg/kg body weight. Group III [benzo[a]pyrene+dextran sulfate sodium (BDS) alone] mice were orally exposed to B[a]P at 125 mg/kg for 7 days followed by three cycles of 4% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water. A cycle consisted of seven consecutive days of exposure to DSS-treated water followed by 14 consecutive days of normal drinking water. Group IV (BDS+[6]-gingerol) mice were orally treated daily with 100 mg/kg of [6]-gingerol during exposure to B[a]P and DSS in the same manner as those of group III. RESULTS [6]-Gingerol significantly abrogated BDS-mediated increase in disease activity index and restored the colon wet weight, colon length and colon mass index to near normal when compared to BDS alone group. Moreover, [6]-gingerol significantly prevented BDS-induced decreases in the daily sperm production (DSP), testicular sperm number (TSN), epididymal sperm number, sperm progressive motility and sperm membrane integrity when compared with the control. [6]-Gingerol markedly increased the sperm antioxidant enzymes activities and decreased the sperm head, mid-piece and tail abnormalities as well as suppressed oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers in BDS-exposed mice. CONCLUSIONS [6]-Gingerol protected against spermatotoxicity in experimental model of interaction of colitis with environmental pollutant B[a]P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babajide O Ajayi
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Isaac A Adedara
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olumide S Ajani
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Matthew O Oyeyemi
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ebenezer O Farombi
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Huderson AC, Rekha Devi PV, Niaz MS, Adunyah SE, Ramesh A. Alteration of benzo(a)pyrene biotransformation by resveratrol in Apc Min/+ mouse model of colon carcinogenesis. Invest New Drugs 2018; 37:238-251. [PMID: 29931584 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-018-0622-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological surveys have revealed that environmental and dietary factors contribute to most of the human cancers. Our earlier studies have shown that resveratrol (RVT), a phytochemical reduced the tumor number, size and incidence of dysplasias induced by benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), an environmental toxicant in the ApcMin/+ mouse model of colon cancer. In this study we investigated to ascertain whether the preventive effects of RVT on BaP-induced colon carcinogenesis is a result of altered BaP biotransformation by RVT. For the first group of mice, 100 μg BaP/kg bw was administered in peanut oil via oral gavage over a 60 day period. For the second group, 45 μg RVT/kg bw was co-administered with BaP. For the third group, RVT was administered for 1 week prior to BaP exposure. Blood, colon and liver were collected from control and BaP/RVT-treated mice at 60 days post-BaP & RVT exposure. We have assayed activities and expression (protein & mRNA) of drug metabolizing enzymes such as cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1), CYP1B1, and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in colon and liver samples from the treatment groups mentioned above. An increased expression of CYP1A1 in liver and colon and of CYP1B1 in liver of BaP-treated mice was seen, while RVT inhibited the extent of biotransformation mediated by these enzymes in the respective tissue samples. In the case of GST, an increased expression in colon of BaP alone-treated mice was noted when RVT was administered prior to BaP or simultaneously with BaP. However, there is no change in liver GST expression between BaP and RVT treatment groups. The concentrations of BaP aqueous (phase II) metabolites were found to be greater than the organic (phase I) metabolites, suggesting that RVT slows down the phase I metabolism (metabolic activation) of BaP, while enhancing phase II metabolism (detoxification). Additionally, the BaP-DNA adduct concentrations measured in colon and liver of BaP + RVT-treated mice were low relative to their BaP counterparts. Taken together, our findings strongly suggest that RVT alleviates BaP-induced colon carcinogenesis by impairing biotransformation pathways and DNA adduct formation, and therefore holds promise as a chemopreventive agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley C Huderson
- The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1828 L St. N.W, Washington, DC, 20036, USA
| | - P V Rekha Devi
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Unit, Biology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Mohammad S Niaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience & Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, 1005 D.B. Todd Blvd, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Samuel E Adunyah
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience & Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, 1005 D.B. Todd Blvd, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Aramandla Ramesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience & Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, 1005 D.B. Todd Blvd, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA.
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Wu JC, Tsai ML, Lai CS, Lo CY, Ho CT, Wang YJ, Pan MH. Polymethoxyflavones prevent benzo[a]pyrene/dextran sodium sulfate-induced colorectal carcinogenesis through modulating xenobiotic metabolism and ameliorate autophagic defect in ICR mice. Int J Cancer 2017; 142:1689-1701. [PMID: 29197069 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread environmental carcinogenic pollutants and they have become an important issue in food contamination. Dietary intake of PAHs has been recognized as a major route of human exposure. However, the mechanisms behind dietary PAH-induced colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unclear. Several studies have shown that polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) are effective in preventing carcinogen-induced CRC or colitis. In this study, we investigated the preventive effect of PMFs on benzo[a]pyrene/dextran sulfate sodium (BaP/DSS)-induced colorectal tumorigenesis in ICR mice. We found that PMFs significantly prevented BaP/DSS-induced colorectal tumor formation. BaP mutagenic metabolite and DNA adducts were found to be reduced in colonic tissue in the PMFs-treated groups through the modulation of BaP metabolism. At the molecular level, the results of RNA-sequencing indicated that PMFs ameliorated BaP/DSS-induced abnormal molecular mechanism change including activated inflammation, downregulated anti-oxidation targets, and induced metastasis genes. The autophagic defect caused by BaP/DSS-induced tumorigenesis was improved by pretreatment with PMFs. We found BaP/DSS-induced CRC may be a Wnt/β-catenin independent process. Additionally, consumption of PMFs extracts also altered the composition of gut microbiota and made it similar to that in the control group by increasing butyrate-producing probiotics and decreasing CRC-related bacteria. BaP in combination with DSS significantly induced colorectal tumorigenesis through induced DNA adduct formation, abnormal gene expression, and imbalanced gut microbiota composition. PMFs were a powerful preventive agent that suppressed BaP/DSS-induced CRC via modulating multiple pathways as well as ameliorating autophagic defect. These results demonstrated for the first time the chemopreventive efficacy and comprehensive mechanisms of dietary PMFs for preventing BaP/DSS-induced colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ching Wu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 704, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Tsai
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, 811, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Shu Lai
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, 811, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Lo
- Department of Food Science, National Chiayi University, no. 300 Syuefu Road, Chiayi, 600, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901
| | - Ying-Jan Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 704, Taiwan.,Department of food safety/Hygiene and risk management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 704, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsiung Pan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.,Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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Ajayi BO, Adedara IA, Farombi EO. Benzo(a)pyrene induces oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines, expression of nuclear factor-kappa B and deregulation of wnt/beta-catenin signaling in colons of BALB/c mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 95:42-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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11
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Koyama N, Hakura A, Toritsuka N, Sonoda J, Seki Y, Tohyama O, Asakura S, Nakano-Ito K, Hosokawa S. Wif1 and Ifitm3 gene expression preferentially altered in the colon mucosa of benzo[a]pyrene pre-treated mice following exposure to dextran sulfate sodium. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 240:164-70. [PMID: 26271895 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BP) is highly mutagenic and yet does not lead to tumor development in the murine colon. We recently reported the generation of colonic tumors one week after treatment with BP followed by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), a colitis-inducer. In this BP/DSS model, male CD2F1 mice were treated orally with BP at 125 mg/kg/day for 5 days, followed by 4% DSS in drinking water for one week. There has been no report so far on the molecular mechanisms involved in tumor development in this model. In the present study, we performed global gene expression analysis on the colonic mucosae obtained from BP-exposed mice one week after treatment with DSS and those treated with the vehicle, BP, or DSS alone. Global gene expression analysis revealed that there were 563 genes preferentially altered (≥2-fold vs vehicle group) in the colonic mucosae exposed to both BP and DSS. Furthermore, comparative gene expression analysis combined with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis™ identified 2 genes associated with Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway that were preferentially up-regulated (≥2-fold vs vehicle group) when BP and DSS were treated in combination in the distal part (site of predilection for tumor induction) of the colonic mucosae, especially in colonic tumors: WNT inhibitory factor 1 (Wif1; 14.6-fold increase) and interferon induced membrane protein 3 (Ifitm3; 5.7-fold increase). In colonic tumors, expression of Wif1 and Ifitm3 proteins were both confirmed by western blot analysis. These findings suggest that these genes are associated with rapid induction of colonic tumors in mice after exposure to BP/DSS, providing insights into the mechanisms of the BP/DSS short-term colon carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Koyama
- Tsukuba Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Hakura
- Tsukuba Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Naoki Toritsuka
- Tsukuba Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Jiro Sonoda
- Tsukuba Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Yuki Seki
- Tsukuba Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Osamu Tohyama
- Biomarkers and Personalized Medicine Core Function Unit, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Shoji Asakura
- Tsukuba Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nakano-Ito
- Tsukuba Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Satoru Hosokawa
- Tsukuba Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
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