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Gabrielson K, Maronpot R, Monette S, Mlynarczyk C, Ramot Y, Nyska A, Sysa-Shah P. In Vivo Imaging With Confirmation by Histopathology for Increased Rigor and Reproducibility in Translational Research: A Review of Examples, Options, and Resources. ILAR J 2018; 59:80-98. [PMID: 30541081 PMCID: PMC6645176 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ily010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical noninvasive imaging can be an indispensable tool for studying animal models of disease. In vivo imaging to assess anatomical, functional, and molecular features requires verification by a comparison to the macroscopic and microscopic morphological features, since all noninvasive in vivo imaging methods have much lower resolution than standard histopathology. Comprehensive pathological evaluation of the animal model is underutilized; yet, many institutions have veterinary or human pathologists with necessary comparative pathology expertise. By performing a rigorous comparison to gross or histopathology for image interpretation, these trained individuals can assist scientists with the development of the animal model, experimental design, and evaluation of the in vivo imaging data. These imaging and pathology corroboration studies undoubtedly increase scientific rigor and reproducibility in descriptive and hypothesis-driven research. A review of case examples including ultrasound, nuclear, optical, and MRI is provided to illustrate how a wide range of imaging modalities data can be confirmed by gross or microscopic pathology. This image confirmation and authentication will improve characterization of the model and may contribute to decreasing costs and number of animals used and to more rapid translation from preclinical animal model to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Gabrielson
- Departments of Molecular and Comparative Pathology and Pathology School of Medicine, Environmental Health Engineering Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Sébastien Monette
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, The Rockefeller University, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Coraline Mlynarczyk
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology and the Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Yuval Ramot
- Department of Dermatology, Hadassah—Hebrew University Medical Center, Kiryat Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Abraham Nyska
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel and Toxicologic Pathology, Timrat, Israel
| | - Polina Sysa-Shah
- Department of Radiology, Miller Research Building Molecular Imaging Service Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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Ramot Y, Schiffenbauer YS, Maronpot R, Nyska A. Compact Magnetic Resonance Imaging Systems-Novel Cost-Effective Tools for Preclinical Drug Safety and Efficacy Evaluation. Toxicol Sci 2018; 157:3-7. [PMID: 28329801 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Practical magnetic resonance imaging for use in investigative and preclinical toxicology studies is now feasible. Newly developed, self-containing imaging systems provide an efficient and cost-effective means to rapidly obtain in vivo and ex vivo magnetic resonance imaging images to improve how we perform toxicology and toxicologic pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Ramot
- Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | - Abraham Nyska
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Toxicologic Pathology, Timrat, Israel
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Maronpot RR, Nyska A, Troth SP, Gabrielson K, Sysa-Shah P, Kalchenko V, Kuznetsov Y, Harmelin A, Schiffenbauer YS, Bonnel D, Stauber J, Ramot Y. Regulatory Forum Opinion Piece*: Imaging Applications in Toxicologic Pathology-Recommendations for Use in Regulated Nonclinical Toxicity Studies. Toxicol Pathol 2018. [PMID: 28641506 DOI: 10.1177/0192623317710014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Available imaging systems for use in preclinical toxicology studies increasingly show utility as important tools in the toxicologic pathologist's armamentarium, permit longitudinal evaluation of functional and morphological changes in tissues, and provide important information such as organ and lesion volume not obtained by conventional toxicology study parameters. Representative examples of practical imaging applications in toxicology research and preclinical studies are presented for ultrasound, positron emission tomography/single-photon emission computed tomography, optical, magnetic resonance imaging, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-imaging mass spectrometry imaging. Some of the challenges for making imaging systems good laboratory practice-compliant for regulatory submission are presented. Use of imaging data on a case-by-case basis as part of safety evaluation in regulatory submissions is encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abraham Nyska
- 2 Toxicologic Pathology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Timrat, Israel
| | - Sean P Troth
- 3 Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kathleen Gabrielson
- 4 Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Polina Sysa-Shah
- 4 Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vyacheslav Kalchenko
- 5 Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yuri Kuznetsov
- 5 Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alon Harmelin
- 5 Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | | | | | - Yuval Ramot
- 8 Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Compact MRI for the detection of teratoma development following intrathecal human embryonic stem cell injection in NOD-SCID mice. Neurotoxicology 2017; 59:27-32. [PMID: 28069364 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells are emerging as a promising new treatment modality for a variety of central nervous system disorders. However, their use is hampered by the potential for the development of teratomas and other tumors. Therefore, there is a crucial need for the development of methods for detecting teratomas in preclinical safety studies. The aim of the current study is to assess the ability of a compact Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) system to detect teratoma formation in mice. Five NOD-SCID mice were injected intrathecally with human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), with two mice serving as controls. In vivo MRI was performed on days 25 and 48, and ex vivo MRI was performed after scheduled euthanization (day 55). MRI results were compared to histopathology findings. Two animals injected with hESCs developed hind-limb paresis and paralysis, necessitating premature euthanization. MRI examination revealed abnormal pale areas in the spinal cord and brain, which correlated histopathologically with teratomas. This preliminary study shows the efficacy of compact MRI systems in the detection of small teratomas following intrathecal injection of hESCs in a highly sensitive manner. Although these results should be validated in larger studies, they provide further evidence that the use of MRI in longitudinal studies offers a new monitoring strategy for preclinical testing of stem cell applications.
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