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Fukuda K, Kuroda T, Tamura N, Mita H, Miyata H, Kasashima Y. Platelet lysate enhances equine skeletal muscle regeneration in a bupivacaine-induced muscle injury model. J Equine Vet Sci 2022; 112:103892. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2022.103892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Camargo Garbin L, Lopez C, Carmona JU. A Critical Overview of the Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Equine Medicine Over the Last Decade. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:641818. [PMID: 33869321 PMCID: PMC8044532 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.641818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the 1990s, the role of platelets in inflammation and tissue healing was finally recognized. Since then, the clinical use of platelet-derived products (hemocomponents), such as, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), markedly increased. The promise of a more economical option of a disease-modifying treatment led to the intensive and continuous research of PRP products and to its widespread clinical use. A number of protocols and commercial kits have been developed with the intention of creating a more practical and reliable option for clinical use in equine patients. Still, the direct comparison between studies is particularly challenging due to the lack of standardization on the preparation methods and product composition. The incomplete reports on PRP cellular concentration and the poorly designed in vivo studies are additional matters that contest the clinical efficiency of this biomaterial. To overcome such challenges, several in vitro and in vivo studies have been proposed. Specifically, experiments have greatly focused in protocol optimization and its effect in different tissues. Additionally, in vivo studies have proposed different biological products envisioning the upgrade of the anti-inflammatory cytokines trusting to increase its anti-inflammatory effect. The individual variability and health status of the animal, type of tissue and condition treated, and protocol implemented are known to influence on the product's cell and cytokine composition. Such variability is a main clinical concern once it can potentially influence on PRP's therapeutic effects. Thus, lack of qualitative and quantitative evidence-based data supporting PRP's clinical use persists, despite of the numerous studies intended to accomplish this purpose. This narrative review aims to critically evaluate the main research published in the past decade and how it can potentially impact the clinical use of PRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Camargo Garbin
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of the West Indies at St. Augustine, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Catalina Lopez
- Grupo de Investigación Terapia Regenerativa, Departamento de Salud Animal, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
| | - Jorge U Carmona
- Grupo de Investigación Terapia Regenerativa, Departamento de Salud Animal, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
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FUKUDA K, KURODA T, TAMURA N, MITA H, KASASHIMA Y. Optimal activation methods for maximizing the concentrations of platelet-derived growth factor-BB and transforming growth factor-β1 in equine platelet-rich plasma. J Vet Med Sci 2020; 82:1472-1479. [PMID: 32814750 PMCID: PMC7653321 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.20-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy has been widely applied in various medical fields including humans and horses. This study aimed to establish an optimal activation method to stably and reproducibly maximize the concentrations of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) contained in equine PRP. Autologous PRP was prepared from 11 Thoroughbreds. For the activation test, PRP was activated by either a single freeze-thaw cycle (Fr) or adding calcium and autologous serum containing thrombin (Ca). PDGF-BB and TGF-β1 concentrations in Fr, Ca, nonactivated (No), and platelet-poor plasma (PPP) samples were determined using ELISA and compared. For repetitive freeze-thaw test, PRP was subjected to single (Fr1), double (Fr2), triple (Fr3), or quadruple (Fr4) freeze-thaw cycles and the concentrations of both growth factors in samples were compared similarly. The PDGF-BB concentration in Ca was significantly higher than that in other preparations. The TGF-β1 concentrations in Fr and Ca were significantly higher than those in PPP and No, with no significant differences between Fr and Ca. The concentrations of both factors were significantly increased in PRP treated with multiple cycles of freeze-thaw compared with that in PRP treated with a single cycle. No significant differences were noted among Fr2, Fr3, and Fr4. Our findings suggest that activation by adding calcium and autologous serum is optimal for instant use of PRP and that double freeze-thawing is an easier and optimal activation method for cryopreserved PRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro FUKUDA
- Clinical Veterinary Medicine Division, Equine Research
Institute, Japan Racing Association, 1400-4 Shiba, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi 329-0412,
Japan
| | - Taisuke KURODA
- Clinical Veterinary Medicine Division, Equine Research
Institute, Japan Racing Association, 1400-4 Shiba, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi 329-0412,
Japan
| | - Norihisa TAMURA
- Clinical Veterinary Medicine Division, Equine Research
Institute, Japan Racing Association, 1400-4 Shiba, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi 329-0412,
Japan
| | - Hiroshi MITA
- Clinical Veterinary Medicine Division, Equine Research
Institute, Japan Racing Association, 1400-4 Shiba, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi 329-0412,
Japan
| | - Yoshinori KASASHIMA
- The Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association,
1400-4 Shiba, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan
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Oberlohr V, Lengel H, Hambright WS, Whitney KE, Evans TA, Huard J. Biologics for Skeletal Muscle Healing: The Role of Senescence and Platelet-Based Treatment Modalities. OPER TECHN SPORT MED 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.otsm.2020.150754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Longhini ALF, Salazar TE, Vieira C, Trinh T, Duan Y, Pay LM, Li Calzi S, Losh M, Johnston NA, Xie H, Kim M, Hunt RJ, Yoder MC, Santoro D, McCarrel TM, Grant MB. Peripheral blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells demonstrate immunomodulatory potential for therapeutic use in horses. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212642. [PMID: 30870461 PMCID: PMC6417789 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we showed that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) can be mobilized into peripheral blood using electroacupuncture (EA) at acupoints, LI-4, LI-11, GV-14, and GV-20. The purpose of this study was to determine whether EA-mobilized MSC could be harvested and expanded in vitro to be used as an autologous cell therapy in horses. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from young and aged lame horses (n = 29) showed a marked enrichment for MSCs. MSC were expanded in vitro (n = 25) and administered intravenously at a dose of 50 x 106 (n = 24). Treatment resulted in significant improvement in lameness as assessed by the American Association of Equine Practitioners (AAEP) lameness scale (n = 23). MSCs exhibited immunomodulatory function by inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation and induction of IL-10. Intradermal testing showed no immediate or delayed immune reactions to MSC (1 x 106 to 1 x 104). In this study, we demonstrated an efficient, safe and reproducible method to mobilize and expand, in vitro, MSCs in sufficiently high concentrations for therapeutic administration. We confirm the immunomodulatory function of these cells in vitro. This non-pharmacological and non-surgical strategy for stem cell harvest has a broad range of biomedical applications and represents an improved clinically translatable and economical cell source for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Leda F. Longhini
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Tatiana E. Salazar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Cristiano Vieira
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Thao Trinh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Yaqian Duan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Louise M. Pay
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Sergio Li Calzi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Megan Losh
- Office of Vice President for Research, Indiana University, School of Medicine IACUC, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Nancy A. Johnston
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Huisheng Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Minsu Kim
- Department of Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Robert J. Hunt
- Hagyard Equine Medical Institute, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Mervin C. Yoder
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Domenico Santoro
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Taralyn M. McCarrel
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Maria B. Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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