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Jiang H, Li Z, Dai Y, Ling Y, Mei S, Wang H, Mou Z. Synthesis of Poly(δ-caprolactone) via Bis(phenolate) Rare-Earth Metal Complexes Mediated Ring-Opening Polymerization and Its Chemical Recycling. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:441-450. [PMID: 38149999 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
New amine-amino-bis(phenolate) ligands (H2LtBu and H2LCl) with a cyclic tertiary amine (pyrrolidine) as a side arm and tBu or Cl group on the phenolate ring have been prepared. The alkane elimination reaction between these free ligands and rare-earth tris(alkyl)s Ln(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)2 afforded the corresponding silylalkyl complexes LtBuLnCH2SiMe3(THF) (Ln = Y (1), Lu (2)) and LClYCH2SiMe3(THF) (3), where the solid-state structure of complex 1 was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. These rare-earth metal complexes have been utilized as catalysts for the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of biobased δ-caprolactone (δCL), either in the absence or presence of alcohols, to give poly(δ-caprolactone) (PδCL) with controlled molecular weight and narrow distribution (Đ < 1.2). The polymerization kinetics of δCL in toluene with yttrium complexes 1 and 3 were investigated. Oligomers prepared with complex 3 alone and the 3/PhCHMeOH binary catalyst system were well characterized with 1H NMR spectroscopy and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF MS). Moreover, chemical recycling of the resultant PδCL was achieved with high yield in a solution at ambient temperature (>92%) or in bulk at 130 °C (>82%) by using commercial KOtBu as a promotor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yanan Dai
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yidong Ling
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Shiqing Mei
- School of Biology and Chemical Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huifei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518118 China
| | - Zehuai Mou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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2
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Lv C, Xu G, Yang R, Zhou L, Wang Q. Stereogradient polycaprolactones formed by asymmetric kinetic resolution polymerization of 6-methyl-ε-caprolactone. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00366f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed asymmetric kinetic resolution polymerizations of 6-methyl-ε-caprolactone were developed to synthesize stereogradient polycaprolactones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengdong Lv
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guangqiang Xu
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Rulin Yang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Qinggang Wang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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3
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Engel J, Cordellier A, Huang L, Kara S. Enzymatic Ring‐Opening Polymerization of Lactones: Traditional Approaches and Alternative Strategies. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201900976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Engel
- Department of Engineering Biological and Chemical Engineering Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing GroupAarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 10 C 8000 Aarhus Denmark
| | - Alex Cordellier
- Department of Engineering Biological and Chemical Engineering Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing GroupAarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 10 C 8000 Aarhus Denmark
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Engineering Biological and Chemical Engineering Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing GroupAarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 10 C 8000 Aarhus Denmark
| | - Selin Kara
- Department of Engineering Biological and Chemical Engineering Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing GroupAarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 10 C 8000 Aarhus Denmark
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4
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Abstract
Enzymatic polymerization is an environmentally benign process for the synthesis of biodegradable and biocompatible polymers. The regioselectivity of lipase B from Candida Antarctica (CAL-B) produces linear functional polyesters without protection-deprotection steps. In this work, two different methods for the enzymatic synthesis of functional polyesters based on renewable resources, as, e.g., glycerol, using CAL-B are outlined. Poly(glycerol adipate) was synthesized by enzymatic transesterification between glycerol and divinyl adipate or dimethyl adipate. Methods are also reported to graft poly(glycerol adipate) with different amounts of hydrophobic side chains (lauric, stearic, behenic, and oleic acids) and hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) side chains, respectively. The hydrophilicity or lipophilicity of grafted polyesters is well controlled by changing the degree of grafting of hydrophilic and hydrophobic side chains. The multiple grafted polyesters are characterized by NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, gel permeation chromatography, and X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, the self-assembly of the graft copolymers in water and their use as steric stabilizers for cubosomes are discussed. For this purpose mainly dynamic light scattering and small angle X-ray scattering have been employed.
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Wilson JA, Ates Z, Pflughaupt RL, Dove AP, Heise A. Polymers from macrolactones: From pheromones to functional materials. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Gao C, Tsou CH, Zeng CY, Yuan L, Peng R, Zhang XM. Organocatalyzed ring-opening copolymerization of α-bromo-γ-butyrolactone with ε-caprolactone for the synthesis of functional aliphatic polyesters - pre-polymers for graft copolymerization. Des Monomers Polym 2018; 21:193-201. [PMID: 30532666 PMCID: PMC6282472 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2018.1550288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Diphenyl phosphate (DPP) was exploited as an organocatalyst to synthesize copolymers by ring-opening polymerization with α-bromo-γ-butyrolactone (αBrγBL) and ε-caprolactone (εCL) as monomers and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as initiator. The conversion rates of monomers and molecular weights of copolymers synthesized under different conditions were determined by 1H-NMR. The 1H-NMR results showed that the copolymers of αBrγBL and εCL initiated by PEG (PEGCB) were successfully synthesized and the conversions of εCL were relatively high (>70%), while the conversions of αBrγBL were relatively low (<26%). The highest molar ratio of αBrγBL to εCL units in these copolymers is 0.17, when the copolymerization was carried out at 100℃ for 17h. The bromine atoms hanged on the chain of the copolymers PEGCB provide a good opportunity to construct graft copolymers via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The subsequent grafting of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) was conducted by using PEGCB3 as macroinitiator, CuBr/N,N’,N’,N”,N”- pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) as catalysts and toluene/anisole as solvents via ATRP. According to the analysis of 1H-NMR, the grafting efficiency, grafting ratio and grafting frequency were 22.4%, 160.7% and 1133.8, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Gao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China.,Material Corrosion and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chi-Hui Tsou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China.,Material Corrosion and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chun-Yan Zeng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China.,Material Corrosion and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Li Yuan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China.,Material Corrosion and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Rui Peng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xue-Mei Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China.,Material Corrosion and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
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Casajus H, Saba S, Vlach M, Vène E, Ribault C, Tranchimand S, Nugier-Chauvin C, Dubreucq E, Loyer P, Cammas-Marion S, Lepareur N. Cell Uptake and Biocompatibility of Nanoparticles Prepared from Poly(benzyl malate) (Co)polymers Obtained through Chemical and Enzymatic Polymerization in Human HepaRG Cells and Primary Macrophages. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1244. [PMID: 30961169 PMCID: PMC6401887 DOI: 10.3390/polym10111244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of drug-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) appears to be a suitable strategy for the prolonged plasma concentration of therapeutic payloads, higher bioavailability, and the reduction of side effects compared with classical chemotherapies. In most cases, NPs are prepared from (co)polymers obtained through chemical polymerization. However, procedures have been developed to synthesize some polymers via enzymatic polymerization in the absence of chemical initiators. The aim of this work was to compare the acute in vitro cytotoxicities and cell uptake of NPs prepared from poly(benzyl malate) (PMLABe) synthesized by chemical and enzymatic polymerization. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of eight PMLABe-based polymers. Corresponding NPs were produced, their cytotoxicity was studied in hepatoma HepaRG cells, and their uptake by primary macrophages and HepaRG cells was measured. In vitro cell viability evidenced a mild toxicity of the NPs only at high concentrations/densities of NPs in culture media. These data did not evidence a higher biocompatibility of the NPs prepared from enzymatic polymerization, and further demonstrated that chemical polymerization and the nanoprecipitation procedure led to biocompatible PMLABe-based NPs. In contrast, NPs produced from enzymatically synthesized polymers were more efficiently internalized than NPs produced from chemically synthesized polymers. The efficient uptake, combined with low cytotoxicity, indicate that PMLABe-based NPs are suitable nanovectors for drug delivery, deserving further evaluation in vivo to target either hepatocytes or resident liver macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Casajus
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Saad Saba
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, INRA, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer) UMR_A 1341, UMR_S 1241, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Manuel Vlach
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, INRA, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer) UMR_A 1341, UMR_S 1241, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Elise Vène
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, INRA, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer) UMR_A 1341, UMR_S 1241, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Catherine Ribault
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, INRA, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer) UMR_A 1341, UMR_S 1241, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Sylvain Tranchimand
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Caroline Nugier-Chauvin
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Eric Dubreucq
- Montpellier SupAgro, INRA, CIRAD, Univ Montpellier, UMR 1208 IATE, F-34060 Montpellier, France.
| | - Pascal Loyer
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, INRA, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer) UMR_A 1341, UMR_S 1241, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Sandrine Cammas-Marion
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, INRA, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer) UMR_A 1341, UMR_S 1241, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Nicolas Lepareur
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, INRA, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer) UMR_A 1341, UMR_S 1241, F-35000 Rennes, France.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Eugène Marquis, F-35000 Rennes, France.
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8
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Myers D, Witt T, Cyriac A, Bown M, Mecking S, Williams CK. Ring opening polymerization of macrolactones: high conversions and activities using an yttrium catalyst. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py00985b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The ring-opening polymerization of macrolactones (C15–C23) is reported using an yttrium catalyst which shows high rates and conversions in the production of long-chain aliphatic polyesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Myers
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- London SW7 2AZ
- UK
| | - T. Witt
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Konstanz
- 78457 Konstanz
- Germany
| | - A. Cyriac
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- London SW7 2AZ
- UK
| | - M. Bown
- CSIRO Manufacturing
- Ian Wark Laboratory
- Clayton
- Australia
| | - S. Mecking
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Konstanz
- 78457 Konstanz
- Germany
| | - C. K. Williams
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- London SW7 2AZ
- UK
- Department of Chemistry
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah K. Schneiderman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Marc A. Hillmyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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10
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Shoda SI, Uyama H, Kadokawa JI, Kimura S, Kobayashi S. Enzymes as Green Catalysts for Precision Macromolecular Synthesis. Chem Rev 2016; 116:2307-413. [PMID: 26791937 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The present article comprehensively reviews the macromolecular synthesis using enzymes as catalysts. Among the six main classes of enzymes, the three classes, oxidoreductases, transferases, and hydrolases, have been employed as catalysts for the in vitro macromolecular synthesis and modification reactions. Appropriate design of reaction including monomer and enzyme catalyst produces macromolecules with precisely controlled structure, similarly as in vivo enzymatic reactions. The reaction controls the product structure with respect to substrate selectivity, chemo-selectivity, regio-selectivity, stereoselectivity, and choro-selectivity. Oxidoreductases catalyze various oxidation polymerizations of aromatic compounds as well as vinyl polymerizations. Transferases are effective catalysts for producing polysaccharide having a variety of structure and polyesters. Hydrolases catalyzing the bond-cleaving of macromolecules in vivo, catalyze the reverse reaction for bond forming in vitro to give various polysaccharides and functionalized polyesters. The enzymatic polymerizations allowed the first in vitro synthesis of natural polysaccharides having complicated structures like cellulose, amylose, xylan, chitin, hyaluronan, and chondroitin. These polymerizations are "green" with several respects; nontoxicity of enzyme, high catalyst efficiency, selective reactions under mild conditions using green solvents and renewable starting materials, and producing minimal byproducts. Thus, the enzymatic polymerization is desirable for the environment and contributes to "green polymer chemistry" for maintaining sustainable society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichiro Shoda
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University , Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Uyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University , Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Kadokawa
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University , Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Shunsaku Kimura
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University , Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Shiro Kobayashi
- Center for Fiber & Textile Science, Kyoto Institute of Technology , Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
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11
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Schmidt S, Büchsenschütz HC, Scherkus C, Liese A, Gröger H, Bornscheuer UT. Biocatalytic Access to Chiral Polyesters by an Artificial Enzyme Cascade Synthesis. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201500823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Schmidt
- Institute of Biochemistry; Dept. of Biotechnology & Enzyme Catalysis; University of Greifswald; Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4 17487 Greifswald Germany
| | - Hanna C. Büchsenschütz
- Institute of Biochemistry; Dept. of Biotechnology & Enzyme Catalysis; University of Greifswald; Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4 17487 Greifswald Germany
| | - Christian Scherkus
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis; Hamburg University of Technology; Denickestr. 15 21073 Hamburg Germany
| | - Andreas Liese
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis; Hamburg University of Technology; Denickestr. 15 21073 Hamburg Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry; Bielefeld University; P.O. Box 100131 33501 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Uwe T. Bornscheuer
- Institute of Biochemistry; Dept. of Biotechnology & Enzyme Catalysis; University of Greifswald; Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4 17487 Greifswald Germany
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12
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Kobayashi S. Enzymatic ring-opening polymerization and polycondensation for the green synthesis of polyesters. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiro Kobayashi
- Center for Fiber and Textile Sciences; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
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13
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Zhao J, Hadjichristidis N. Polymerization of 5-alkyl δ-lactones catalyzed by diphenyl phosphate and their sequential organocatalytic polymerization with monosubstituted epoxides. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00019j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
One-pot sequential organocatalytic polymerization reactions of 5-alkyl δ-lactones and monosubstituted epoxides were carried out using the base→acid “catalyst switch” strategy, leading to well-defined polyether–polyester block copolymers with various alkyl substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Zhao
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- People's Republic of China 510640
| | - Nikos Hadjichristidis
- Polymer Synthesis Laboratory
- KAUST Catalysis Center
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Thuwal 23955
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14
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de Regil R, Sandoval G. Biocatalysis for biobased chemicals. Biomolecules 2013; 3:812-47. [PMID: 24970192 PMCID: PMC4030974 DOI: 10.3390/biom3040812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The design and development of greener processes that are safe and friendly is an irreversible trend that is driven by sustainable and economic issues. The use of Biocatalysis as part of a manufacturing process fits well in this trend as enzymes are themselves biodegradable, require mild conditions to work and are highly specific and well suited to carry out complex reactions in a simple way. The growth of computational capabilities in the last decades has allowed Biocatalysis to develop sophisticated tools to understand better enzymatic phenomena and to have the power to control not only process conditions but also the enzyme's own nature. Nowadays, Biocatalysis is behind some important products in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food and bulk chemicals industry. In this review we want to present some of the most representative examples of industrial chemicals produced in vitro through enzymatic catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén de Regil
- Unidad de Biotecnología Industrial, CIATEJ, A.C. Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de la Normal, Guadalajara, Jal, C.P. 44270, Mexico.
| | - Georgina Sandoval
- Unidad de Biotecnología Industrial, CIATEJ, A.C. Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de la Normal, Guadalajara, Jal, C.P. 44270, Mexico.
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15
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Yeniad B, Köklükaya NO, Naik H, Fijten MWM, Koning CE, Heise A. Synthesis of enantiopure homo and copolymers by raft polymerization and investigation of their enantioselective lipase-catalyzed esterification. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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16
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Hydrolases in Polymer Chemistry: Chemoenzymatic Approaches to Polymeric Materials. ADVANCES IN POLYMER SCIENCE 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2010_74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
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17
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Kobayashi S, Makino A. Enzymatic polymer synthesis: an opportunity for green polymer chemistry. Chem Rev 2010; 109:5288-353. [PMID: 19824647 DOI: 10.1021/cr900165z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 409] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiro Kobayashi
- R & D Center for Bio-based Materials, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
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18
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Manzini B, Hodge P, Ben-Haida A. Entropically-driven ring-opening polymerization of macrocyclic esters with up to 84-membered rings catalysed by polymer-supported Candida antarctica lipase B. Polym Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b9py00350a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Kobayashi S. Lipase-catalyzed polyester synthesis--a green polymer chemistry. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2010; 86:338-65. [PMID: 20431260 PMCID: PMC3417799 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.86.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This article is a short comprehensive review describing in vitro polyester synthesis catalyzed by a hydrolysis enzyme of lipase, most of which has been developed for these two decades. Polyesters are prepared by repeated ester bond-formation reactions; they include two major modes, ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclic monomers such as cyclic esters (lactones) and condensation polymerization via the reaction between a carboxylic acid or its ester group and an alcohol group. Polyester synthesis is, therefore, a reaction in reverse way of in vivo lipase catalysis of ester bond-cleavage with hydrolysis. The lipase-catalyzed polymerizations show very high chemo-, regio-, and enantio-selectivities and involve various advantageous characteristics. Lipase is robust and compatible with other chemical catalysts, which allows novel chemoenzymatic processes. New syntheses of a variety of functional polyesters and a plausible reaction mechanism of lipase catalysis are mentioned. The polymerization characteristics are of green nature currently demanded for sustainable society, and hence, desirable for conducting 'green polymer chemistry'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiro Kobayashi
- R & D Center for Biobased Materials, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
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20
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Kobayashi S. Recent Developments in Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis of Polyesters. Macromol Rapid Commun 2009; 30:237-66. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200800690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2008] [Accepted: 11/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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van Buijtenen J, van As BAC, Verbruggen M, Roumen L, Vekemans JAJM, Pieterse K, Hilbers PAJ, Hulshof LA, Palmans ARA, Meijer EW. Switching from S- to R-Selectivity in the Candida antarctica Lipase B-Catalyzed Ring-Opening of ω-Methylated Lactones: Tuning Polymerizations by Ring Size. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:7393-8. [PMID: 17508749 DOI: 10.1021/ja071241a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Novozym 435-catalyzed ring-opening of a range of omega-methylated lactones demonstrates fascinating differences in rate of reaction and enantioselectivity. A switch from S- to R-selectivity was observed upon going from small (ring sizes <or=7) to large lactones (ring sizes >or=8). This was attributed to the transition from a cisoid to a transoid conformational preference of the ester bond on going from small to large lactones. The S-selectivity of the ring-opening of the small, cisoid lactones was low to moderate, while the R-selectivity of the ring-opening of the large transoid lactones was surprisingly high. The S-selectivity of the ring-opening of the small, cisoid lactones combined with the established R-selectivity of the transesterification of (aliphatic) secondary alcohols prevented polymerization from taking place. Ring-opening of the large, transoid lactones was R-selective with high enantioselectivity. As a result, these lactones could be polymerized, without exception, by straightforward kinetic resolution polymerization, yielding the enantiopure R-polyester with excellent enantiomeric excess (>99%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen van Buijtenen
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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van As BA, Chan DK, Kivit PJ, Palmans AR, Meijer E. Convenient double-enzymatic synthesis of both enantiomers of 6-methyl-ε-caprolactone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2007.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhou J, Villarroya S, Wang W, Wyatt MF, Duxbury CJ, Thurecht KJ, Howdle SM. One-Step Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Poly(ε-caprolactone-block-methyl methacrylate) in Supercritical CO2. Macromolecules 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ma060046y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxiang Zhou
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom, and EPSRC National Mass Spectrometry Service Centre, University of Wales Swansea, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Silvia Villarroya
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom, and EPSRC National Mass Spectrometry Service Centre, University of Wales Swansea, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Wenxin Wang
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom, and EPSRC National Mass Spectrometry Service Centre, University of Wales Swansea, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Mark F. Wyatt
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom, and EPSRC National Mass Spectrometry Service Centre, University of Wales Swansea, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Christopher J. Duxbury
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom, and EPSRC National Mass Spectrometry Service Centre, University of Wales Swansea, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Kristofer J. Thurecht
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom, and EPSRC National Mass Spectrometry Service Centre, University of Wales Swansea, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Steven M. Howdle
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom, and EPSRC National Mass Spectrometry Service Centre, University of Wales Swansea, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
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Breteler MRT, Zhong Z, Dijkstra PJ, Palmans ARA, Peeters J, Feijen J. Ring-opening polymerization of substituted ɛ-caprolactones with a chiral (salen) AlOiPr complex. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.21841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Enzymatic Synthesis of Polyesters via Ring-Opening Polymerization. ENZYME-CATALYZED SYNTHESIS OF POLYMERS 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/12_030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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