Alhajaji R, Samkari MM, Althobaiti MA, Al-Ahmadi BR, Bugis AM, Bugis AM, Sabbagh FY, Althobaiti SA, Bukari AS, Alqurashi SM, Mshrai HA, Abdelwahab OA. Diabetes mellitus and the risk of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with liver cirrhosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ann Saudi Med 2024;
44:272-287. [PMID:
39127903 DOI:
10.5144/0256-4947.2024.272]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) represents a critical and potentially lethal condition that typically develops in individuals with liver cirrhosis. This meta-analysis aimed to assess diabetes mellitus (DM) as a risk factor for SBP in liver cirrhotic patients.
METHODS
Following PRISMA guidelines, fifteen studies were included, for a total of 76 815 patients. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). We represented the results as risk ratios (RR) with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) using RevMan software. Additionally, we pooled the hazard ratios (HR) for developing SBP in patients with DM from the included studies.
RESULTS
The meta-analysis shows a significantly increased risk of SBP in cirrhotic patients with DM (HR: 1.26; 95% CI [1.05-1.51], P=.01; HR: 1.70; 95% CI [1.32-2.18], P<.001).
CONCLUSIONS
The study signifies that DM is an independent risk factor for SBP, emphasizing the need for targeted preventive measures in this specific population.
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