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Lee SJ, Lee YJ, Eom JS, Kim HS, Choi YY, Jo SU, Kang SN, Park HY, Kim DH, Lee SS. Effects of the Appropriate Addition of Antioxidants from Pinus densiflora and Mentha canadensis Extracts on Methane Emission and Rumen Fermentation. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1888. [PMID: 33076543 PMCID: PMC7602798 DOI: 10.3390/ani10101888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the optimal addition of terpene-based Pinus densiflora and Mentha canadensis extracts, with antioxidant and methane reduction effects, as feed supplements to ruminants. Two cannulated steers (450 ± 30 kg), consuming Timothy Hay and a commercial concentrate (60:40, w/w) twice daily (at 09:00 and 17:30) at 2% of body weight, with free access to water and a mineral block, were used as rumen fluid donors. In vitro fermentation experiments, with Timothy Hay as the substrate, were conducted with P. densiflora and M. canadensis extracts as supplements to achieve concentrations of 30, 50, and 70 mg/L on a Timothy Hay basis. Fibrobacter succinogenes decreased in proportion upon P. densiflora and M. canadensis extract supplementation at 50 mg/L, while the dry matter degradability of the feed was not significantly different (p < 0.05). Methane emission was significantly lower in the 50 and 70 mg/L treatment groups, for both extracts, at 12 h (p < 0.05). Based on methane production and antioxidant activity, our study suggests that 30 mg/L addition is the most appropriate level of supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Ja Lee
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science & University-Centered Labs, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsangnam-do, Jinju-si 52828, Korea;
| | - Ye Jun Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsangnam-do, Jinju-si 52828, Korea; (Y.J.L.); (J.S.E.); (H.S.K.); (Y.Y.C.); (S.U.J.)
| | - Jun Sik Eom
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsangnam-do, Jinju-si 52828, Korea; (Y.J.L.); (J.S.E.); (H.S.K.); (Y.Y.C.); (S.U.J.)
| | - Hyun Sang Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsangnam-do, Jinju-si 52828, Korea; (Y.J.L.); (J.S.E.); (H.S.K.); (Y.Y.C.); (S.U.J.)
| | - You Young Choi
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsangnam-do, Jinju-si 52828, Korea; (Y.J.L.); (J.S.E.); (H.S.K.); (Y.Y.C.); (S.U.J.)
| | - Seong Uk Jo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsangnam-do, Jinju-si 52828, Korea; (Y.J.L.); (J.S.E.); (H.S.K.); (Y.Y.C.); (S.U.J.)
| | - Suk Nam Kang
- Department of Animal Resource, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 38453, Korea;
| | - Ha Young Park
- Department of Pathology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Korea;
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- Department of Animal Science, Gyeongbuk Provincial College, Yecheon 36830, Korea;
| | - Sung Sill Lee
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science & University-Centered Labs, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsangnam-do, Jinju-si 52828, Korea;
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsangnam-do, Jinju-si 52828, Korea; (Y.J.L.); (J.S.E.); (H.S.K.); (Y.Y.C.); (S.U.J.)
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Lee TK, Park JY, Yu JS, Jang TS, Oh ST, Pang C, Ko YJ, Kang KS, Kim KH. 7α,15-Dihydroxydehydroabietic acid from Pinus koraiensis inhibits the promotion of angiogenesis through downregulation of VEGF, p-Akt and p-ERK in HUVECs. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:1084-1089. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lee TK, Roh HS, Yu JS, Baek J, Lee S, Ra M, Kim SY, Baek KH, Kim KH. Pinecone of Pinus koraiensis Inducing Apoptosis in Human Lung Cancer Cells by Activating Caspase-3 and its Chemical Constituents. Chem Biodivers 2017; 14. [PMID: 28027428 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Pinecones from Pinus koraiensisSiebold & Zucc. (Pinaceae), which have historically been treated as an undesired waste by-product in the processing of seeds, have recently been shown to contain ingredients with potent biological activities, such as polyphenols exhibiting antitumor activity. With this study, we seek to broaden our understanding of antitumor compounds contained in these pinecones beyond just polyphenols. We found that the water extract of P. koraiensis pinecones exhibits significant cytotoxic activity, with IC50 values ranging from 0.62 to 1.73 mg/ml in four human lung cancer cell lines, A549, H1264, H1299, and Calu-6, irrespective of their p53 status. We also demonstrate that pinecone water extract induces apoptosis associated with caspase-3 activation in the same cancer cell lines. Chemical investigation of the pinecone water extract revealed eight main components (1 - 8), and their structures were identified as dehydroabietic acid (1), 15-hydroxy-7-oxodehydroabietic acid (2), 7β,15-dihydroxydehydroabietic acid (3), β-d-glucopyranosyl labda-8(17,13)-diene-(15,16)-lactone-19-oate (4), 7α,15-dihydroxydehydroabietic acid (5), (+)-(1S,2S,4R)-limonene-1,2-diol (6), sobrerol (7), and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (8). These findings suggest a novel biological application of P. koraiensis pinecones in combatting human lung cancer, and further identify the major compounds that could contribute to this anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Kyoung Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Roh
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 440-746, Korea
| | - Jae Sik Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Korea
| | - Jiwon Baek
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Korea
| | - Seul Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 440-746, Korea
| | - Moonjin Ra
- Hongcheon Institute of Medicinal Herb, 101 Yeonbongri, Hongcheon, 25142, Korea
| | - Sun Young Kim
- Hongcheon Institute of Medicinal Herb, 101 Yeonbongri, Hongcheon, 25142, Korea
| | - Kwan-Hyuck Baek
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 440-746, Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Korea
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