1
|
Janse van Rensburg HD, Terre'Blanche G, Van der Walt MM. On the basis of sex: male vs. female rat adenosine A 1/A 2A receptor affinity. BMC Res Notes 2023; 16:165. [PMID: 37563689 PMCID: PMC10413537 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06346-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To ensure reproducibility in biomedical research, the biological variable sex must be reported; yet a reason for using male (instead of female) rodents is seldom given. In our search for novel adenosine receptor ligands, our research group routinely determines a test compound's binding affinities at male Sprague-Dawley rat (r) adenosine A1 and A2A receptors via in vitro radioligand binding studies. This pilot study compared the binding affinities of four adenosine receptor ligands (frequently used as reference standards) at male and female adenosine rA1 and rA2A receptors. RESULTS The inhibition constant (Ki) values determined using female rats correspond well to the values obtained using male rats and no markable difference could be observed in affinity and selectivity of reference standards. For example, DPCPX the selective adenosine A1 receptor antagonist: male rA1Ki: 0.5 ± 0.1 nM versus female rA1Ki: 0.5 ± 0.03 nM; male rA2AKi: 149 ± 23 nM versus female rA2AKi: 135 ± 29 nM. From the limited data at hand, we conclude that even when using female rats for in vitro studies without regard for the oestrous cycle, the obtained data did not vary much from their male counterparts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena D Janse van Rensburg
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.
| | - Gisella Terre'Blanche
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Schoeder CT, Mahardhika AB, Drabczyńska A, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Müller CE. Discovery of Tricyclic Xanthines as Agonists of the Cannabinoid-Activated Orphan G-Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR18. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:2024-2031. [PMID: 33062188 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
GPR18 is a rhodopsin-like orphan G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that is activated by the natural cannabinoid (CB) Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). It is highly expressed in immune cells and represents a promising new drug target. However, THC is much more potent in activating CB receptors than GPR18, and several other proposed lipidic agonists for GPR18 have not been independently confirmed. Herein we describe the first non-lipid-like agonists for GPR18 based on a tricyclic xanthine-derived scaffold, along with initial structure-activity relationships. PSB-KD107 (5) and PSB-KD477 (16) displayed significantly higher potency and efficacy than THC, determined in a GPR18-dependent β-arrestin recruitment assay, and were found to be selective versus the CB-sensitive receptors CB1, CB2, and GPR55. Structure-activity relationships were steep, and indole substitution was crucial for biological activity. These first selective agonists, which are structurally distinct from the lipidic agonist(s), will allow target validation studies and may eventually contribute to the deorphanization of GPR18.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara T. Schoeder
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn 53121, Germany
- Research Training Group 1873, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andhika B. Mahardhika
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn 53121, Germany
- Research Training Group 1873, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna Drabczyńska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Christa E. Müller
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn 53121, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Varani K, Vincenzi F, Merighi S, Gessi S, Borea PA. Biochemical and Pharmacological Role of A1 Adenosine Receptors and Their Modulation as Novel Therapeutic Strategy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1051:193-232. [DOI: 10.1007/5584_2017_61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
4
|
Dziubina A, Szmyd K, Zygmunt M, Sapa J, Dudek M, Filipek B, Drabczyńska A, Załuski M, Pytka K, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Evaluation of antidepressant-like and anxiolytic-like activity of purinedione-derivatives with affinity for adenosine A2A receptors in mice. Pharmacol Rep 2016; 68:1285-1292. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
5
|
Alnouri MW, Jepards S, Casari A, Schiedel AC, Hinz S, Müller CE. Selectivity is species-dependent: Characterization of standard agonists and antagonists at human, rat, and mouse adenosine receptors. Purinergic Signal 2015; 11:389-407. [PMID: 26126429 PMCID: PMC4529847 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-015-9460-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine receptors (ARs) have emerged as new drug targets. The majority of data on affinity/potency and selectivity of AR ligands described in the literature has been obtained for the human species. However, preclinical studies are mostly performed in mouse or rat, and standard AR agonists and antagonists are frequently used for studies in rodents without knowing their selectivity in the investigated species. In the present study, we selected a set of frequently used standard AR ligands, 8 agonists and 16 antagonists, and investigated them in radioligand binding studies at all four AR subtypes, A1, A2A, A2B, and A3, of three species, human, rat, and mouse. Recommended, selective agonists include CCPA (for A1AR of rat and mouse), CGS-21680 (for A2A AR of rat), and Cl-IB-MECA (for A3AR of all three species). The functionally selective partial A2B agonist BAY60-6583 was found to additionally bind to A1 and A3AR and act as an antagonist at both receptor subtypes. The antagonists PSB-36 (A1), preladenant (A2A), and PSB-603 (A2B) displayed high selectivity in all three investigated species. MRS-1523 acts as a selective A3AR antagonist in human and rat, but is only moderately selective in mouse. The comprehensive data presented herein provide a solid basis for selecting suitable AR ligands for biological studies.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adenosine A1 Receptor Agonists/metabolism
- Adenosine A1 Receptor Agonists/pharmacology
- Adenosine A1 Receptor Antagonists/metabolism
- Adenosine A1 Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology
- Adenosine A2 Receptor Agonists/metabolism
- Adenosine A2 Receptor Agonists/pharmacology
- Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists/metabolism
- Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology
- Adenosine A3 Receptor Agonists/metabolism
- Adenosine A3 Receptor Agonists/pharmacology
- Adenosine A3 Receptor Antagonists/metabolism
- Adenosine A3 Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology
- Animals
- Arrestin/metabolism
- Binding, Competitive/drug effects
- CHO Cells
- Cell Membrane/drug effects
- Cell Membrane/metabolism
- Cricetinae
- Cricetulus
- Cyclic AMP/metabolism
- DNA, Complementary/drug effects
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Humans
- Mice
- Rats
- Receptor, Adenosine A2A/drug effects
- Receptor, Adenosine A2A/genetics
- Receptor, Adenosine A2A/metabolism
- Receptor, Adenosine A2B/drug effects
- Receptor, Adenosine A2B/genetics
- Receptor, Adenosine A2B/metabolism
- Receptors, Purinergic P1/drug effects
- Receptors, Purinergic P1/genetics
- Receptors, Purinergic P1/metabolism
- Species Specificity
- Structure-Activity Relationship
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Wessam Alnouri
- Pharma Center Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stephan Jepards
- Pharma Center Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Alessandro Casari
- Pharma Center Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anke C. Schiedel
- Pharma Center Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sonja Hinz
- Pharma Center Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christa E. Müller
- Pharma Center Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Drabczyńska A, Karcz T, Szymańska E, Köse M, Müller CE, Paskaleva M, Karolak-Wojciechowska J, Handzlik J, Yuzlenko O, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Synthesis, biological activity and molecular modelling studies of tricyclic alkylimidazo-, pyrimido- and diazepinopurinediones. Purinergic Signal 2013; 9:395-414. [PMID: 23543220 PMCID: PMC3757144 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-013-9358-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Syntheses and biological activities of imidazo-, pyrimido- and diazepino[2,1-f]purinediones containing N-alkyl substituents (with straight, branched or unsaturated chains) are described. Tricyclic derivatives were synthesized by the cyclization of 8-bromo-substituted 7-(2-bromoethyl)-, 7-(3-chloropropyl)- or 7-(4-bromobutyl)-theophylline with primary amines under various conditions. Compound 22 with an ethenyl substituent was synthesized by dehydrohalogenation of 9-(2-bromoethyl)-1,3-dimethyltetrahydropyrimido[2,1-f]purinedione. The obtained derivatives (5-35) were initially evaluated for their affinity at rat A1 and A2A adenosine receptors (AR), showing moderate affinity for both adenosine receptor subtypes. The best ligands were diazepinopurinedione 28 (K i = 0.28 μM) with fivefold A2A selectivity and the non-selective A1/A2A AR ligand pyrimidopurinedione 35 (K i A1 = 0.28 μM and K i A2A = 0.30 μM). The compounds were also evaluated for their affinity at human A1, A2A, A2B and A3 ARs. All of the obtained compounds were docked to the A2A AR X-ray structure in complex with the xanthine-based, potent adenosine receptor antagonist-XAC. The likely interactions of imidazo-, pyrimido- and diazepino[2,1-f]purinediones with the residues forming the A2A binding pocket were discussed. Furthermore, the new compounds were tested in vivo as anticonvulsants in maximal electroshock, subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (ScMet) and TOX tests in mice (i.p.). Pyrimidopurinediones showed anticonvulsant activity mainly in the ScMet test. The best derivative was compound 11, showing 100 % protection at a dose of 100 mg/kg without symptoms of neurotoxicity. Compounds 6, 7, 8 and 14 with short substituents showed neurotoxicity and caused death. In rat tests (p.o.), 9 was characterized by a high protection index (>13.3). AR affinity did not apparently correlate with the antiepileptic potency of the compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Drabczyńska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Karcz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Szymańska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Meryem Köse
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christa E. Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Minka Paskaleva
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Jadwiga Handzlik
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Olga Yuzlenko
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
- Present Address: Department of Chemistry, City College of New York, City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031 USA
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Synthesis and biological activity of tricyclic cycloalkylimidazo-, pyrimido- and diazepinopurinediones. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:3590-607. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2010] [Revised: 05/10/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
8
|
Abstract
The natural plant alkaloids caffeine and theophylline were the first adenosine receptor (AR) antagonists described in the literature. They exhibit micromolar affinities and are non-selective. A large number of derivatives and analogues were subsequently synthesized and evaluated as AR antagonists. Very potent antagonists have thus been developed with selectivity for each of the four AR subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christa Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Sciences Bonn (PSB), University of Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, Phone +49-228-73-2301, Fax +49-228-73-2567
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 8A, Rm. B1A-19, NIH, NIDDK, LBC, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States of America, Phone +1-301-496-9024, Fax +1-301-480-8422
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kawczak P, Vander Heyden Y, Nasal A, Bączek T, Drabczyñska A, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Kaliszan R. Micellar liquid chromatography for lipophilicity determination of new biologically active 1,3-purinodiones. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:1546-57. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
10
|
Yuzlenko O, Drabczyńska A, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Predictive 3D-Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship for A1
and A2A
Adenosine Receptor Ligands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/qsar.200910047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
11
|
Ye D, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Zhang D, Zhang L, Wang H, Jiang H, Liu H. Gold- and Silver-Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroamination of Terminal Alkynes: Water-Triggered Chemo- and Regioselective Synthesis of Fused Tricyclic Xanthines. Adv Synth Catal 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200900505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
12
|
Borrmann T, Hinz S, Bertarelli DCG, Li W, Florin NC, Scheiff AB, Müller CE. 1-Alkyl-8-(piperazine-1-sulfonyl)phenylxanthines: Development and Characterization of Adenosine A2B Receptor Antagonists and a New Radioligand with Subnanomolar Affinity and Subtype Specificity. J Med Chem 2009; 52:3994-4006. [DOI: 10.1021/jm900413e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Borrmann
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sonja Hinz
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniela C. G. Bertarelli
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Wenjin Li
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Nicole C. Florin
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anja B. Scheiff
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christa E. Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kalkan S, Ozdemir D, Ergur BU, Hazardın NU, Akgun A, Topcu A, Kaplan YC, Hocaoglu N, Oransay K, Tuncok Y. Protective Effect of an Adenosine A1Receptor Agonist Against Metamidophos-Induced Toxicity and Brain Oxidative Stress. Toxicol Mech Methods 2009; 19:148-53. [DOI: 10.1080/15376510802355141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
14
|
Abstract
The development of potent and selective agonists and antagonists of adenosine receptors (ARs) has been a target of medicinal chemistry research for several decades, and recently the US Food and Drug Administration has approved Lexiscan, an adenosine derivative substituted at the 2 position, for use as a pharmacologic stress agent in radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging. Currently, some other adenosine A(2A) receptor (A(2A)AR) agonists and antagonists are undergoing preclinical testing and clinical trials. While agonists are potent antiinflammatory agents also showing hypotensive effects, antagonists are being developed for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.However, since there are still major problems in this field, including side effects, low brain penetration (for the targeting of CNS diseases), short half-life, or lack of in vivo effects, the design and development of new AR ligands is a hot research topic.This review presents an update on the medicinal chemistry of A(2A)AR agonists and antagonists, and stresses the strong need for more selective ligands at the human A(2A)AR subtype, in particular in the case of agonists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Cristalli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yuzlenko O, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Molecular modeling of A1 and A2A adenosine receptors: comparison of rhodopsin- and beta2-adrenergic-based homology models through the docking studies. J Comput Chem 2008; 30:14-32. [PMID: 18496794 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine receptors (ARs) are members of the superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors. The homology models of adenosine A1 and A2A receptors were constructed. The high-resolution X-ray structure of bovine rhodopsin and crystal structure of beta2-adrenergic receptor were used as templates. The binding sites of the A1 and A2A ARs were constructed by using data obtained from mutagenesis experiments as well as docking simulations of the respective AR antagonsists DPCPX and XAC. To compare rhodopsin- and beta2-adrenergic-based models, the binding mode of A1 (KW-3902, LUF-5437) and A2A (KW-6002, ZM-241385) ARs antagonists were also examined. The differences in the binding ability of both models were noted during the study. The beta2-adrenergic-based A2A AR model was much more capable to stabilize the ligand in the binding site cavity than the corresponding rhodopsin-based A2A AR model, however, such differences were not so clear in case of A1 AR models. It was suggested that for the A1 AR it is possible to use the crystal structure of rhodopsin as a template as well as beta2-adrenergic receptor, but for A2A AR, with the now available beta2-adrenergic receptor X-ray structure, docking studies should be avoided on the rhodopsin-based model. However, taking into account that the beta2AR shares about 31% of the residues with the AR in comparison to 21% in case of bRho, we suggest using beta2-adrenergic-based models for the A1 and A2A ARs for further in silico ligand screening also because of their generally better ability to stabilize ligands inside the binding pocket.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Yuzlenko
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
González MP, Terán C, Teijeira M. Search for new antagonist ligands for adenosine receptors from QSAR point of view. How close are we? Med Res Rev 2008; 28:329-71. [PMID: 17668454 DOI: 10.1002/med.20108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In view of the large libraries of nucleoside analogues that are now being handled in organic synthesis, the identification of drug biological activity is advisable prior to synthesis and this can be achieved by employing predictive biological property methods. In this sense, Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR) or docking approaches have emerged as promising tools. Although a large number of in silico approaches have been described in the literature for the prediction of different biological activities, the use of QSAR applications to develop adenosine receptor (AR) antagonists is not common as for the case of the antibiotics and anticancer compounds for instance. The intention of this review is to summarize the present knowledge concerning computational predictions of new molecules as adenosine receptor antagonists.
Collapse
|
17
|
Drabczyńska A, Müller CE, Schiedel A, Schumacher B, Karolak-Wojciechowska J, Fruziński A, Zobnina W, Yuzlenko O, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Phenylethyl-substituted pyrimido[2,1-f]purinediones and related compounds: structure-activity relationships as adenosine A(1) and A(2A) receptor ligands. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:6956-74. [PMID: 17827019 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2007] [Revised: 07/20/2007] [Accepted: 07/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of N-(un)substituted-phenylalkylpyrimido[2,1-f]purinediones was performed starting with 7-(3-chloropropyl)-8-bromotheophylline and 7-(3-chloropropyl)-8-bromo-1,3-dipropylxanthine. Compounds with unsubstituted or substituted ethylene spacer to an aromatic ring were synthesized. Additionally variations in the spacer-elongation of the linker containing more than two atoms, introduction of a double bond or heteroatoms were performed. Physicochemical properties of the synthesized compounds were described. The obtained compounds envisaged as sterically fixed and configurationally stable analogs of 8-styrylxanthines, were evaluated for their affinity to adenosine A(1) and A(2A) receptors, the receptor subtypes that are predominant in the brain. Selected compounds were also investigated for the affinity to the A(2B) and A(3) receptor subtypes. It was stated that phenylethyl pyrimido[2,1-f]purinediones and their analogs with variations of the ethylene spacer (substituted or extended) exhibit micromolar or submicromolar affinity for A(2A) ARs (adenosine receptors); for example compound 2Ac with p-hydroxy substituent displayed a K(i) value of 0.23 microM at the rat A(2A) receptor. In comparison to the previously obtained phenyl and benzyl pyrimido[2,1-f]purinediones compounds with a shorter spacer, phenethyl derivatives were optimal for A(2A) AR. The kind of substituent at the aromatic ring was important for the affinity. Oxygen and nitrogen atoms in the spacer resulted frequently in a slight decrease of the A(2A) AR affinity, introduction of more heteroatoms into the spacer-in carbamates-caused distinctly negative effect on the activity. In this series of compounds more frequently the adenosine A(1) activity was observed, also in submicromolar range as for dipropyl derivative 2Ba with K(i) value of 0.62 microM at the rat A(2A) AR. 3D-QSAR models were developed for the compounds presented in this paper as well as in the previous publications showing activity at adenosine A(1) and A(2A) ARs. It was concluded that for the activity at adenosine A(1) and A(2A) receptors lipophilicity, steric effects along with the molecule's electrostatic surface properties had greatest value. Chosen compounds were evaluated in vivo as anticonvulsants in MES, scMet tests and examined for neurotoxicity. Contrary to previously obtained phenyl and benzyl pyrimido[2,1-f]purinediones, all tested compounds were inactive as anticonvulsants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Drabczyńska
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Medyczna 9, Pl 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Drabczyńska A, Müller CE, Karolak-Wojciechowska J, Schumacher B, Schiedel A, Yuzlenko O, Kieć-Kononowicz K. N9-benzyl-substituted 1,3-dimethyl- and 1,3-dipropyl-pyrimido[2,1-f]purinediones: synthesis and structure-activity relationships at adenosine A1 and A2A receptors. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:5003-17. [PMID: 17499511 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2006] [Revised: 03/30/2007] [Accepted: 04/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis and physicochemical properties of N-benzyl pyrimido[2,1-f]purinediones are described. These derivatives were synthesized by the cyclization of 7-chloropropylo-8-bromo-1,3-dimethyl- or 1,3-dipropyl xanthine derivatives with corresponding (un)substituted benzylamines. Dipropyl derivatives were obtained under microwave irradiation conditions either. The obtained compounds (1-20) were evaluated for their affinity to adenosine A1 and A2A receptors, selected compounds were additionally investigated for affinity to the A3 receptor subtype. The results of the radioligand binding assays to A1 and A2A adenosine receptors showed that most of the 1,3-dimethyl-9-benzylpyrimidopurinediones exhibited selective affinity to A2A receptors at micromolar or submicromolar concentrations (for example, derivative 9 with o-methoxy substituent displayed a Ki value of 0.699 microM at rat A2A receptor with more than 36-fold selectivity). Contrary to previously described arylpyrimido[2,1-f]purinediones dipropyl derivatives (compounds 15-20) showed affinity to both kinds of receptors increased, however A1 affinity increased to a larger extent, with the result that A2A selectivity was abolished. The best adenosine A1 receptor ligand was m-chlorobenzyl derivative 18 (Ki=0.089 microM and 5-fold A1 selectivity). Structure-activity relationships were discussed with the analysis of lipophilic and spatial properties of the investigated compounds. Pharmacophore model of adenosine A1 receptor antagonist was adopted for this purpose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Drabczyńska
- Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Medyczna 9, Pl 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
González MP, Terán C, Teijeira M, Helguera AM. QSAR Studies Using Radial Distribution Function for Predicting A1 Adenosine Receptors Agonists. Bull Math Biol 2006; 69:347-59. [PMID: 17061056 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-006-9127-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2006] [Accepted: 03/29/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The radial distribution function (RDF) approach has been applied to the study of the A(1) adenosine receptors agonist effect of 32 adenosine analogues. A model able to describe more than 79% of the variance in the experimental activity was developed with the use of the mentioned approach. In contrast, none of the three different approaches, including the use of 2D autocorrelations, BCUT and 3D-MORSE descriptors were able to explain more than 72% of the variance in the mentioned property with the same number of variables in the equation. In addition, we established a comparison with other models reported by us for this receptor subtype using this data set, and the RDF descriptors continue getting the best results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maykel Pérez González
- Service Unit, Experimental Sugar Cane Station Villa Clara-Cienfuegos, Ranchuelo, C.P. 53100 Villa Clara, Cuba.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Drabczyńska A, Müller CE, Lacher SK, Schumacher B, Karolak-Wojciechowska J, Nasal A, Kawczak P, Yuzlenko O, Pekala E, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Synthesis and biological activity of tricyclic aryloimidazo-, pyrimido-, and diazepinopurinediones. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:7258-81. [PMID: 16844379 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2006] [Revised: 06/20/2006] [Accepted: 06/23/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Syntheses and physicochemical properties of N-aryl-substituted imidazo-, pyrimido-, and 1,3-diazepino[2,1-f]purinediones are described. These derivatives were synthesized by the cyclization of 7-haloalkyl-8-bromo-1,3-dimethyl- or 1,3-dipropyl-xanthine derivatives with corresponding arylamines. The obtained compounds (1-40), which can be envisaged as sterically fixed and configurationally stable analogs of 8-styrylxanthines, were evaluated for their affinity to adenosine A(1) and A(2A) receptors, the receptor subtypes that are predominant in the brain. Selected compounds were additionally investigated for affinity to the A(2B) and A(3) receptor subtypes. Many of the compounds showed adenosine A(2A) receptor affinity at micromolar or submicromolar concentrations and were A(2A)-selective, for example, compound 23 with p-fluoro substituent displayed K(i) value of 0.147 microM at the rat A(2A) receptor and more than 170-fold-A(2A) selectivity, compound 17 with naphthyl substituent had K(i) value of 0.219 microM and a more than 114-fold-A(2A) selectivity. The compounds were somewhat weaker and less selective at the human receptor subtypes. Elongation of the dimethyl substituent to dipropyl in xanthine moiety improved affinity but reduced selectivity. 1,3-Dimethylimidazo-, pyrimido-, and diazepinopurinediones were evaluated in vivo as anticonvulsants in MES, ScMet, TTE tests and examined for neurotoxicity in mice (ip). Substances with pyrimido ring displayed protective activity in ScMet or in MES and ScMet tests, showing also neurotoxicity. The pyrimidine annelated ring is beneficial for both receptor affinity and anticonvulsant activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Drabczyńska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, Pl 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chabchoub F, Rekik A, Salem M. Heterocyclization of Imidates with 3‐Alkyl‐5‐amino‐1‐phenyl‐1,2,4‐triazoles: Synthesis of New Triazolotriazines. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910500191334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fakher Chabchoub
- a Laboratoire de Chimie Appliquée , Hétérocycles, Corps Gras et Polymères, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax , Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Awatef Rekik
- a Laboratoire de Chimie Appliquée , Hétérocycles, Corps Gras et Polymères, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax , Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mansour Salem
- a Laboratoire de Chimie Appliquée , Hétérocycles, Corps Gras et Polymères, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax , Sfax, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Donoso MV, López R, Miranda R, Briones R, Huidobro-Toro JP. A2B adenosine receptor mediates human chorionic vasoconstriction and signals through arachidonic acid cascade. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2005; 288:H2439-49. [PMID: 15637124 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00548.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Because adenosine is a vascular tone modulator, we examined the effect of adenosine and congeners in the vascular reactivity of isolated human placental vessels and in perfused cotyledons. We characterized its vasomotor action and tentatively identified the receptor subtypes and their intracellular signaling mechanisms. We recorded isometric tension from the circular layer of chorionic vessel rings maintained under 1.5 g of basal tension or precontracted with KCl. The relative order of potency of adenosine and structural analogs is consistent with the expression of A2B receptors, 5′-( N-ethylcarboxamido)adenosine (NECA) being the most potent. The maximal contraction ranged from 45% to 60% of the KCl standard response, except for an A2A receptor agonist that did not exceed 15%. Consistently, NECA was 100-fold more potent than adenosine to raise the perfusion pressure of ex vivo perfused cotyledons. In contrast, a selective A3 receptor agonist relaxed precontracted rings of chorionic vessels. Whereas a selective A3 receptor antagonist was ineffective to antagonize adenosine-induced contraction, A2 or A1 receptor antagonists reduced adenosine-induced vasoconstriction concentration-dependently. Denudation of the endothelial layer reduced adenosine- and NECA-induced contractions by 50–70%. Furthermore, indomethacin reduced adenosine- or NECA-induced contractions concentration-dependently in intact and endothelium-denuded rings. A thromboxane receptor antagonist blocked adenosine- and NECA-induced contractions in intact and endothelium-denuded rings, suggesting the involvement of an arachidonic acid metabolite as the mediator of the vasoconstriction. We propose that adenosine A2B receptors mediate the adenosine-induced contraction vasomotor effect in human chorionic vessels and that this involves synthesis of a thromboxane receptor activator or a related prostanoid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Verónica Donoso
- Centro de Regulación Celular y Patología Prof. J. V. Luco, Instituto Milenio de Biología Fundamental y Aplicada, Departamento de Fisiología, Unidad de Regulación Neurohumoral, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Drabczyńska A, Müller CE, Schumacher B, Hinz S, Karolak-Wojciechowska J, Michalak B, Pekala E, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Tricyclic oxazolo[2,3-f]purinediones: potency as adenosine receptor ligands and anticonvulsants. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 12:4895-908. [PMID: 15336269 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2003] [Accepted: 06/29/2004] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis and physicochemical properties of 7-mono- and 6,7-disubstituted dihydrooxazolo-[3,2-f]purinediones are described. Oxazolo[2,3-f]purinediones were synthesized by cyclization of 8-bromotheophylline with oxiranes. The obtained compounds (1-22) were evaluated for their affinity at adenosine A(1) and A(2A) receptors. They showed mainly adenosine A(2A) receptor affinity at low micromolar concentrations and A(2A) selectivity, for example, compound 9 with an octyl substituent at the oxazole ring displayed adenosine A(2A) receptor affinity (K(i)=0.998 microM) and at least 25-fold A(2A) versus A(1) selectivity. This compound was less selective (5-fold) towards human recombinant A(2B) and A(3) adenosine receptors. In this group of compounds active adenosine A(1) receptor antagonists were also identified. Oxazolopurinediones were evaluated in vivo as anticonvulsants in MES and ScMet tests and examined for neurotoxicity in mice (ip). Compounds with long alkyl chains showed anticonvulsant activity in both tests (in 100 and 300 mg/kg doses), accompanied by significant neurotoxicity. The anticonvulsant activity in rats (po) was higher and without signs of neurotoxicity. SAR and QSAR studies stressed the importance of lipophilic 7-substituents for both types of pharmacological activity. The volume of the substituent is, however, limited at the A(2A) AR, an n-octyl group being optimal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Drabczyńska
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Medyczna 9, Pl 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Rybár A. Annulated Heterocyclo-Purines II: Fused Six- and More-Membered Heterocyclo-Purinediones, -Purinones and -Purineimines. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(04)88003-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
|
25
|
The Literature of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Part VIII, 1999–2001. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(04)87001-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
|
26
|
Drabczyńska A, Schumacher B, Müller CE, Karolak-Wojciechowska J, Michalak B, Pekala E, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Impact of the aryl substituent kind and distance from pyrimido[2,1-f]purindiones on the adenosine receptor selectivity and antagonistic properties. Eur J Med Chem 2003; 38:397-402. [PMID: 12750027 DOI: 10.1016/s0223-5234(03)00051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine receptor (AR) antagonists belong to two major groups of compounds: xanthines and non-xanthines. Recently several annelated xanthine derivatives have been described as selective A(1), A(2A), A(2B) and A(3) ARs antagonists. Contrary to dipropyl derivatives, in the group of dimethyl (un)substituted arylalkyl pyrimido[2,1-f]purindiones selective mainly adenosine A(2A) receptor antagonists were identified. Their activity depended on aryl substitution and its distance from pyrimido[2,1-f]purindione.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Drabczyńska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|