1
|
Urbańska M. Optimization of Liquid Crystalline Mixtures Enantioseparation on Polysaccharide-Based Chiral Stationary Phases by Reversed-Phase Chiral Liquid Chromatography. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6477. [PMID: 38928182 PMCID: PMC11203475 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Enantioseparation of nineteen liquid crystalline racemic mixtures obtained based on (R,S)-2-octanol was studied in reversed-phase mode on an amylose tris(3-chloro-5-methylphenylcarbamate) (ReproSil Chiral-MIG) and a cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) (ReproSil Chiral-MIC). These polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phase (CSP) columns for High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) were highly effective in recognizing isomers of minor structural differences. The mobile phase (MP), which consists of acetonitrile (ACN)/water (H2O) at different volume ratios, was used. The mobile phases were pumped at a flow rate of 0.3, 0.5, or 1 mL·min-1 with a column temperature of 25 °C, using a UV detector at 254 nm. The order of the elution was also determined. The chromatographic parameters, such as resolution (Rs), selectivity (α), and the number of theoretical plates, i.e., column efficiency (N), were determined. The polysaccharide-based CSP columns have unique advantages in separation technology, and this study has shown the potential usefulness of the CSP columns in separating liquid crystalline racemic mixtures belonging to the same homologous series.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Urbańska
- Institute of Chemistry, Military University of Technology, ul. Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Labíková M, Svoboda J, Tůma J, Lindner W, Kohout M. Chiral recognition without π-π-interactions: Highly efficient chiral strong cation exchangers lacking an aromatic unit in the molecular structure. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1719:464729. [PMID: 38387150 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Current state-of-the-art chiral stationary phases (CSPs) enable chiral resolution of almost any racemic mixture of choice. The exceptions represent ionizable and ionized substances that fail at any attempts to resolve on commercially available CSPs. These compounds, however, can be efficiently separated on chiral ion exchangers. Commercially available Cinchona alkaloids-based chiral weak ion-exchangers are typically used for chiral resolution of organic acids, while zwitterion ion-exchangers are efficient in the resolution of acids, bases, and zwitterions. The latter possess in their structure a cation exchange unit, which alone can serve as a cornerstone of chiral strong cation exchangers facilitating chiral separation of various basic racemic mixtures. Although chiral strong cation exchangers (cSCX) are efficient CSPs, their structural variations have not been thoroughly studied so far. It was assumed that the mechanism of chiral recognition of basic compounds by cSCX is based predominantly on π-π-interactions, hydrogen bonding and steric interactions (CSP I). To verify this assumption, we aimed in our study on the design and synthesis of cSCX first lacking lateral polar substituents on the aromatic unit in the selector's structure (CSP II), and second, to replace the aromatic unit by a cyclohexane ring (CSP III and IV), thereby to omit completely the π-π-interactions. We hypothesized that this structural change should lead to a partial or complete loss of enantiorecognition power of the selectors. Surprisingly, the non-aromatic cSCXs have shown chiral recognition capability comparable to that of previously described chiral cation exchange-type CSPs: from 16 analytes screened, 11 analytes were baseline resolved and 5 partially resolved on CSP I, while non-aromatic CSP III resolved 10 analytes baseline and 6 partially. We discuss the structural motifs of the known cSCX and the novel non-aromatic selectors in a relationship with their chromatographic performance using a set of basic analytes. Moreover, we present a theory of an effective chiral recognition mechanism by two novel non-aromatic cSCXs based on the chromatographic results and quantum mechanical calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdaléna Labíková
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Svoboda
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Tůma
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Wolfgang Lindner
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michal Kohout
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Urbańska M, Zając M, Perkowski P, Deptuch A. The Influence of the Molecular Structure of Compounds on Their Properties and the Occurrence of Chiral Smectic Phases. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:618. [PMID: 38591460 PMCID: PMC10856103 DOI: 10.3390/ma17030618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
We have designed new chiral smectic mesogens with the -CH2O group near the chiral center. We synthesized two unique rod-like compounds. We determined the mesomorphic properties of these mesogens and confirmed the phase identification using dielectric spectroscopy. Depending on the length of the oligomethylene spacer (i.e., the number of methylene groups) in the achiral part of the molecules, the studied materials show different phase sequences. Moreover, the temperature ranges of the observed smectic phases are different. It can be seen that as the length of the alkyl chain increases, the liquid crystalline material shows more mesophases. Additionally, its clearing (isotropization) temperature increases. The studied compounds are compared with the structurally similar smectogens previously synthesized. The helical pitch measurements were performed using the selective reflection method. These materials can be useful and effective as chiral components and dopants in smectic mixtures targeted for optoelectronics and photonics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Urbańska
- Institute of Chemistry, Military University of Technology, Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Monika Zając
- Institute of Chemistry, Military University of Technology, Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Paweł Perkowski
- Institute of Applied Physics, Military University of Technology, Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Deptuch
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Krakow, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yue L, Yeh M, Reilly J, Wang B, Welch CJ, Phan M. Investigation into the performance and stability of immobilized and coated polysaccharide columns in supercritical fluid chromatography. Chirality 2024; 36:e23626. [PMID: 37920131 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the performance of the widely used "golden four" coated chiral stationary phases (Chiralpak AD-3, Chiralcel OD-3, Chiralpak AS-3, and Chiralcel OJ-3) was compared with their corresponding immobilized versions (Chiralpak IA-3, Chiralpak IB-3, Chiralpak IB N-3, Chiralpak IH-3, and Chiralpak IJ-3) under supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) conditions with a set of 30 racemic compounds. Using the traditional modifiers, methanol and isopropanol, the immobilized columns (Chiralpak IB N-3 and Chiralpak IH-3) showed an improved general ability to successfully resolve the enantiomers of the target analytes relative to their coated versions (Chiralcel OD-3 and Chiralpak AS-3), while the coated columns (Chiralpak AD-3, Chiralcel OD-3, and Chiralcel OJ-3) performed better than their immobilized versions (Chiralpak IA-3, Chiralpak IB-3, and Chiralpak IJ-3). An investigation of the non-traditional modifiers, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and tetrahydrofuran with immobilized columns, revealed a generally decreased ability to successfully resolve the enantiomers of the target analytes, relative to the use of the traditional modifiers, methanol and isopropanol. The stability of the coated columns (Chiralpak AD-H and Chiralcel OD-H) was evaluated by injecting "forbidden" solvents, including dichloromethane, dimethyl sulfoxide, and tetrahydrofuran. After 200 injections of these solvents on coated columns, the retention factors and resolutions slightly decreased, and a significant increase in column backpressure was observed, indicating some degree of stationary phase degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yue
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Madeline Yeh
- Department of Chemistry, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John Reilly
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bing Wang
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Maria Phan
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abouir K, Samer C, Landry R, Varesio E, Daali Y. Stereoselective separation of omeprazole and 5-hydroxy-omeprazole using dried plasma spots and a heart-cutting 2D-LC approach for accurate CYP2C19 phenotyping. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1232:123962. [PMID: 38096743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Omeprazole (OME) is a widely used gastric proton pump inhibitor, marketed as a racemic mixture comprising (S)- and (R)-enantiomers, with distinct pharmacokinetic profiles. OME is primarily metabolized by the cytochrome P450 enzymes 2C19 (CYP2C19) and 3A4 (CYP3A4). OME is a conventional probe for CYP2C19 phenotyping. Accurate measurement of these enantiomers and their metabolites is essential for pharmacokinetic studies. This article presents a sensitive and accurate two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous quantification of OME enantiomers and its hydroxylated metabolite (5-hydroxyomeprazole) in human plasma. The method involves an online extraction using an achiral Discovery HS C18 trapping column for purification (20 × 2.1 mm ID, 5μm particle size, Supelco) and subsequent forward flush elution onto a chlorinated phenylcarbamate cellulose-based chiral column (150x2mm ID, 3 μm particle size, Lux Cellulose-4, Phenomenex). The assay was fully validated and met international validation criteria for accuracy, precision, and stability and ensured high selectivity and sensitivity within a short runtime (<8 min). Application of this method to clinical samples demonstrated its utility in studying OME enantiomer pharmacokinetics, particularly its potential for phenotyping the activity of the CYP2C19 isoenzyme. This robust analytical approach offers a valuable tool for clinicians and researchers studying OME's pharmacokinetics, providing insights into its metabolism and potential implications for personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenza Abouir
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Caroline Samer
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Romain Landry
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Emmanuel Varesio
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Youssef Daali
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nguyen BT, Choi YJ, Kim KH, Song GY, Kim HM, Kang JS. Chiral separation and molecular modeling study of decursinol and its derivatives using polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1705:464165. [PMID: 37419019 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Plant-based bioactive substances have long been used to treat inflammatory ailments, owing to their low toxicity and cost-effectiveness. To enhance plant treatment by eliminating undesirable isomers, optimizing the chiral separation techniques in pharmaceutical and clinical studies is important. This study reported a simple and effective method for chiral separation of decursinol and its derivatives, which are pyranocoumarin compounds with anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties. Baseline separation (Rs >1.5) was achieved using five different polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases (CSPs) that differed in chiral origin, chiral selector chemistry, and preparation technique. To separate all six enantiomers simultaneously, n-hexane and three alcohol modifiers (ethanol, isopropanol, and n-butanol) were used as mobile phases in the normal-phase mode. The chiral separation ability of each column with various mobile phase compositions was compared and discussed. As a result, amylose-based CSPs with linear alcohol modifiers demonstrated superior resolution. Three cases of elution order reversal caused by modifications of CSPs and alcohol modifiers were observed and thoroughly analyzed. To elucidate the chiral recognition mechanism and enantiomeric elution order (EEO) reversal phenomenon, detailed molecular docking simulations were conducted. The R- and S-enantiomers of decursinol, epoxide, and CGK012 exhibited binding energies of -6.6, -6.3, -6.2, -6.3, -7.3, and -7.5 kcal/mol, respectively. The magnitude of the difference in binding energies was consistent with the elution order and enantioselectivity (α) of the analytes. The molecular simulation results demonstrated that hydrogen bonds, π-π interactions, and hydrophobic interactions have a significant impact on chiral recognition mechanisms. Overall, this study presented a novel and logical approach of optimizing chiral separation techniques in the pharmaceutical and clinical industries. Our findings could be further applied for screening and optimizing enantiomeric separation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao Tan Nguyen
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jung Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Yong Song
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Min Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Seong Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sofia Almeida A, Cardoso T, Cravo S, Elizabeth Tiritan M, Remião F, Fernandes C. Binding studies of synthetic cathinones to human serum albumin by high-performance affinity chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1227:123836. [PMID: 37494753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The binding affinity to human serum albumin (HSA) of a series of fourteen synthetic cathinones, new psychoactive substances widely abused, was investigated by high-performance affinity chromatography (HPAC). Zonal elution experiments were conducted to measure the retention times of each synthetic cathinone on an HSA column, which enabled the calculation of the percentage of the drug bound. For some synthetic cathinones, enantioselectivity on HSA was found. To gather information on the HSA binding sites and better understand the chiral recognition mechanisms, enantioresolution of selected cathinones was carried out at a milligram scale through liquid chromatography (LC) with carbamate polysaccharide-based columns. This work was followed by zonal displacement chromatography using known competitors with specific binding sites on HSA, namely (S)-ibuprofen and warfarin. Competition was observed between the tested drugs and both competitors (except for pentedrone with warfarin), which is consistent with an allosteric competition involving a non-cooperative binding mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofia Almeida
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; TOXRUN-Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, Gandra 4585-116, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Tony Cardoso
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Cravo
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; TOXRUN-Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, Gandra 4585-116, Portugal
| | - Fernando Remião
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kaya C, Birgül K, Bülbül B. Fundamentals of chirality, resolution, and enantiopure molecule synthesis methods. Chirality 2023; 35:4-28. [PMID: 36366874 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The chirality of molecules is a concept that explains the interactions in nature. We may observe the same formula but different organizations revolving around the chiral center. Since Pasteur's meticulous observation of sodium ammonium tartrate crystals' structure, scientists have discovered many features of chiral molecules. The number of newly approved single enantiomeric drugs increases every year and takes place in the market. Thus, separation or resolution methods of racemic mixtures are of continued importance in the efficacy of drugs, installation of affordable production processes, and convenient synthetic chemistry practice. This article presents the asymmetric synthesis approaches and the classification of direct resolution methods of chiral molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cem Kaya
- Department of Pharmacy, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Altınbaş University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Kaan Birgül
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Bahçeşehir University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahadır Bülbül
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Construction of cellulose-based highly sensitive extended-gate field effect chiral sensor. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022:10.1007/s00216-022-04306-x. [PMID: 36102972 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04306-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Chiral recognition is an emerging field of modern chemical analysis, and the development of health-related fields depends on the production of enantiomers. Cellulose is a kind of natural polymer material with certain chiral recognition ability. Limited by the chiral recognition ability of natural cellulose itself, more cellulose derivatives have been gradually developed for chiral recognition and separation. Based on the difference in action between cellulose derivatives and enantiomers, this work synthesized cellulose-tris(4-methylphenylcarbamate) (CMPC) chiral recognition mediators and a CMPC-functionalized extended-gate organic field effect transistor (EG-OFET) was constructed for the first time. Three chiral molecules were selected as model analytes to evaluate the enantiomeric recognition ability of the platform, including threonine (Thr), 2-chloromandelic acid (CA), and 1,2-diphenylethylenediamine (DPEA). The detection limit for 1,2-diphenylethylenediamine (DPEA) is down to 10-13 M. Through the amplification effect of the EG-OFET platform, the difference in the interaction between CMPC and three chiral molecules with different structures is converted into a current signal output. At the same time, the enantiomer discrimination mechanism of CMPC was further studied by means of spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance.
Collapse
|
10
|
Comprehensive profiling of conjugated fatty acid isomers and their lipid oxidation products by two-dimensional chiral RP×RP liquid chromatography hyphenated to UV- and SWATH-MS-detection. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1202:339667. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
11
|
Ohji T, Ohnishi A, Ogasawara M. Application of Polysaccharide-Based Chiral High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Columns for the Separation of Regio-, E/ Z-, and Enantio-Isomeric Mixtures of Allylic Compounds. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:5146-5153. [PMID: 35187330 PMCID: PMC8851445 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Daicel Chiralpak IA, IB, and IC, which are the polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phase (CSP) columns for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), were applied in the separation of the non-enantiomeric isomeric mixtures obtained by the various allylation reactions and were highly effective in separating the regio- and (E)/(Z)-isomers in the allylation products. Due to the close structural similarity of the isomeric allylic compounds in the reaction mixtures, separations of the isomers are laborious and could not be accomplished by the conventional methods such as silica gel column chromatography, silica gel HPLC, preparative GPC, distillation, and so forth. This study has shown potential advantages of using the polysaccharide-based CSP columns in the separation of not only enantiomeric but also non-enantiomeric isomeric mixtures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takehito Ohji
- Department
of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology and
Research Cluster on “Innovative Chemical Sensing”, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ohnishi
- Daicel
Corporation, CPI Company, Analytical Tools
BU, Research & Development Center, Arai 944-8550, Japan
| | - Masamichi Ogasawara
- Department
of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology and
Research Cluster on “Innovative Chemical Sensing”, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
- Tokushima
International Science Institute, Tokushima
University, Tokushima 770-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hassan RM, Saleh OA, El-Azzouny AA, Aboul-Enein HY, Fouad MA. Experimental design optimization of simultaneous enantiomeric separation of atenolol and chlorthalidone binary mixture by high-performance liquid chromatography using polysaccharide-based stationary phases. Chirality 2021; 33:397-408. [PMID: 33964031 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In this work, enantiomeric separation of a drug combination of two chiral drugs, namely, atenolol and chlorthalidone, is described. Prior investigation of the effect of different variables on the resolution of the enantiomers' peaks and the total run time represented by the retention time of the last eluted peak was conducted using face-centered composite design. Twenty-two experiments were carried out by varying the chiral stationary phase type as a categorical factor and mobile phase composition including the percentage of ethanol and percentage of diethylamine as continuous factors. According to the optimization process, a mobile phase consisting of hexane:ethanol:DEA:TFA (60:40:0.2:0.1%, v/v/v/v) pumped at flow rate 1 ml min-1 onto Lux-Cellulose 2 stationary phase was applied for the chiral separation and quantification of the drug combination at 230 nm. Application of the developed method to the pharmaceutical formulation of this combination was successfully performed, and satisfactory percentage of recoveries was obtained. The method was also fully validated following International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. This method could be of high value and relevance for application in quality control laboratories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasha M Hassan
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), Giza, Egypt
| | - Ola A Saleh
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), Giza, Egypt
| | - Aida A El-Azzouny
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), Giza, Egypt
| | - Hassan Y Aboul-Enein
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Fouad
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Buonsenso F, Madio S, Ciogli A, Siani G, Pierini M. On-column quantification of amino functionalities bonded to solid porous matrices packed within high performance liquid chromatography columns. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1651:462284. [PMID: 34116269 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Stationary phases (SPs) based on silica matrices functionalized with amino groups linked to their surface through alkyl chains of various length have found remarkable success in performing HILIC separations, showing really effective resolution towards a wide typology of compounds of biological interest, such as carbohydrates, nucleosides, purine and pyrimidine bases. Recently, we developed an operationally simple procedure, named DNBA-M, non-destructive for the analysed SP, designed to quantify the density of basic groups (typically amino groups) chemically bonded to the surface of porous solids. In the present study the DNBA-M procedure has been suitably modified to allow the quantification of any typology of amino groups present on silica matrices packed into HPLC columns. The new approach, named OC-DNBA-M, has been successfully validated through analysis of two HPLC columns packed with aminopropyl-silica matrices. Afterwards, it was also demonstrated as the OC-DNBA-M procedure may allow the effective and in-depth analysis of the structural composition characterizing SPs packed inside HPLC columns, in which amino-groups have been differently and only partially involved in following ureidic functionalizations. It was also proved how the analysed columns can be readily re-employed for the chromatographic applications for which they have been designed, without appreciable deterioration of the respective discrimination abilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Buonsenso
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Roma 00185, Italy
| | - Sabrina Madio
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Roma 00185, Italy
| | - Alessia Ciogli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Roma 00185, Italy
| | - Gabriella Siani
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti 66013, Italy
| | - Marco Pierini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Roma 00185, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Choi HJ, Ahn YH, Koh DY. Enantioselective Mixed Matrix Membranes for Chiral Resolution. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:279. [PMID: 33920323 PMCID: PMC8069341 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11040279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Most pharmaceuticals are stereoisomers that each enantiomer shows dramatically different biological activity. Therefore, the production of optically pure chemicals through sustainable and energy-efficient technology is one of the main objectives in the pharmaceutical industry. Membrane-based separation is a continuous process performed on a large scale that uses far less energy than the conventional thermal separation process. Enantioselective polymer membranes have been developed for chiral resolution of pharmaceuticals; however, it is difficult to generate sufficient enantiomeric excess (ee) with conventional polymers. This article describes a chiral resolution strategy using a composite structure of mixed matrix membrane that employs chiral fillers. We discuss several enantioselective fillers, including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), zeolites, porous organic cages (POCs), and their potential use as chiral fillers in mixed matrix membranes. State-of-the-art enantioselective mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) and the future design consideration for highly efficient enantioselective MMMs are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hwa-Jin Choi
- Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering (BK-21 Plus), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea;
| | - Yun-Ho Ahn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, 369 Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06978, Korea;
| | - Dong-Yeun Koh
- Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering (BK-21 Plus), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea;
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Preparation and applications of cellulose-functionalized chiral stationary phases: A review. Talanta 2021; 225:121987. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
16
|
Supercritical fluid chromatography versus liquid chromatography for the enantiomeric separation of itraconazole. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
17
|
Sobańska AW. Emerging or Underestimated Silica-Based Stationary Phases in Liquid Chromatography. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 51:631-655. [PMID: 32482079 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1760782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Several newly synthesized or forgotten silica-based stationary phases proposed for liquid chromatography are described, including non-endcapped, short-chain alkyl phases; hydrophilic and polar-endcapped stationary phases; polar-embedded alkyl phases; long-chain alkyl phases. Stationary phases with aromatic, cyanopropyl, diol and aminopropyl functionalities are also reviewed. Stationary phases of particular interest are biomolecular materials - based on immobilized cholesterol, aminoacids, peptides, proteins or lipoproteins. Packing materials involving macrocyclic chemistry (crown ethers; calixarenes; aza-macrocycles; oligo-and polysaccharides including these of marine origin - chitin- or chitosan-based; macrocyclic antibiotics) are discussed. Since many stationary phases developed for one type of applications (e.g. chiral separation) have been found useful in solving other analytical problems (e.g. drug's plasma protein binding ability), it seemed reasonable to discuss particular chemistries behind the stationary phases presented in this review rather than specific types of interactions or chromatographic modes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna W Sobańska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yu X, Wang Y, Yang Q, Zhang Z, Ren Q, Bao Z, Yang Y. De novo synthesis of microspheical cellulose 3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamates: An organic-inorganic hybrid chiral stationary phase for enantiospearation. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
19
|
Sayama D, Hatanaka M, Miyasaka M. Switching of optical‐resolution selectivity through the Onsager's reaction field: Chiral recognition of
dl
‐amino acids by hydrophilic/hydrophobic chitosans. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Sayama
- Material Science and EngineeringGraduate School of Engineering, Tokyo Denki University, 5 Senju‐Asahi‐cho Adachi‐ku Tokyo 120‐8551 Japan
| | - Masashi Hatanaka
- Material Science and EngineeringGraduate School of Engineering, Tokyo Denki University, 5 Senju‐Asahi‐cho Adachi‐ku Tokyo 120‐8551 Japan
| | - Makoto Miyasaka
- Material Science and EngineeringGraduate School of Engineering, Tokyo Denki University, 5 Senju‐Asahi‐cho Adachi‐ku Tokyo 120‐8551 Japan
- Department of Applied ChemistrySchool of Engineering, Tokyo Denki University, 5 Senju‐Asahi‐cho Adachi‐ku Tokyo 120‐8551 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hroboňová K, Lomenova A. Determination of panthenol enantiomers in cosmetic preparations using an achiral-chiral-coupled column HPLC system. Chirality 2019; 32:191-199. [PMID: 31788853 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A new high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for separation and determination of panthenol enantiomers in hair care products was developed. Two types of detectors, low-wavelength ultraviolet (UV) and polarimetric, were used. Optimized conditions consisted of coupled achiral, amino type, and chiral, amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate), stationary phases, mixture of n-hexane/ethanol (60:40, v/v) as mobile phase under isocratic conditions and flow rate 0.8 cm3 min-1 . The effect of column temperature on retention and resolution of enantiomers was studied. The analysis runtime was 10 minutes, and the average retention times for d- and l-panthenol were 7.10 ±0.1 minutes and 8.21 ±0.2 minutes, respectively. The resolution of enantiomers on coupled achiral-chiral columns was Rs = 2.7. The solid-phase extraction method was employed for extraction and purification of analytes. The validated method was selective, accurate, and linear (R2 > .998) over the concentration range of 0.001 to 1.0 mg cm-3 for both enantiomeric forms. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) of each enantiomer were 0.3 and 1.0 μg cm-3 , respectively. The results demonstrated the occurrence of d-panthenol in hair care products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Hroboňová
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Anna Lomenova
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Manzi G, Buonsenso F, Ismail OH, Ciogli A, Siani G, Pierini M. Modular and conservative procedure for the quantification of amino functionalities bonded to solid porous matrices. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1068:120-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
22
|
Ibrahim D, Ghanem A. On the Enantioselective HPLC Separation Ability of Sub-2 µm Columns: Chiralpak ® IG-U and ID-U. Molecules 2019; 24:E1287. [PMID: 30986997 PMCID: PMC6480392 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Silica with a particle size of 3-5 µm has been widely used as selector backbone material in 10-25 cm HPLC chiral columns. Yet, with the availability of 1.6 µm particles, shorter, high-efficiency columns practical for minute chiral separations are possible to fabricate. Herein, we investigate the use of two recently commercialized sub-2 µm columns with different substituents. Thus, Chiralpak® IG-U and ID-U were used in HPLC for the fast enantioseparation of a set of drugs. Chiralpak® IG-U [amylose tris (3-chloro-5-methylphenylcarbamate)] has two substituents on the phenyl ring, namely, a withdrawing chlorine group in the third position and a donating group in the fifth position. Chiralpak® ID-U [amylose tris (3-chlorophenylcarbamate)] has only one substituent on the phenyl ring, namely a withdrawing chlorine group. Their applications in three liquid chromatography modes, namely, normal phase, polar organic mode, and reversed phase, were demonstrated. Both columns have similar column parameters (50 mm length, 3 mm internal diameter, and 1.6 µm particle size) with the chiral stationary phase as the only variable. Improved chromatographic enantioresolution was obtained with Chiralpak® ID-U. Amino acids partially separated were reported for the first time under an amylose-based sub-2-micron column.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Ibrahim
- Chirality Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
| | - Ashraf Ghanem
- Chirality Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Islam MF, Adhikari S, Paik M, Lee W. Determination of Chemical and Enantiomeric Purity of α‐Amino Acids and their Methyl Esters as N‐Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl Derivatives Using Amylose‐derived Chiral Stationary Phases. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Suraj Adhikari
- College of PharmacyChosun University Gwangju 501‐759 South Korea
| | - Man‐Jeong Paik
- College of PharmacySunchon National University Suncheon 540‐950 South Korea
| | - Wonjae Lee
- College of PharmacyChosun University Gwangju 501‐759 South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Teixeira J, Tiritan ME, Pinto MMM, Fernandes C. Chiral Stationary Phases for Liquid Chromatography: Recent Developments. Molecules 2019; 24:E865. [PMID: 30823495 PMCID: PMC6429359 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The planning and development of new chiral stationary phases (CSPs) for liquid chromatography (LC) are considered as continuous and evolutionary issues since the introduction of the first CSP in 1938. The main objectives of the development strategies were to attempt the improvement of the chromatographic enantioresolution performance of the CSPs as well as enlarge their versatility and range of applications. Additionally, the transition to ultra-high-performance LC were underscored. The most recent strategies have comprised the introduction of new chiral selectors, the use of new materials as chromatographic supports or the reduction of its particle size, and the application of different synthetic approaches for preparation of CSPs. This review gathered the most recent developments associated to the different types of CSPs providing an overview of the relevant advances that are arising on LC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Teixeira
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal.
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Douša M. Chiral separation of aliphatic primary amino alcohols as o
-phthaldialdehyde/mercaptoethanol derivatives on polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases. Chirality 2019; 31:202-210. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.23047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
26
|
Enantioseparation of N-acetyl-dl-cysteine as o-phtaldialdehyde derivatives obtained with various primary aliphatic amine additives on polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 166:147-154. [PMID: 30640045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to enantioseparation of N-acetyl-dl-cysteine after precolumn derivatization using o-phthaldialdehyde and primary aliphatic amines. Seven polysaccharide-based chiral columns were tested in a reversed phase mode. Under the optimal chromatographic conditions, N-acetyl-dl-cysteine derivatives were completely enantioseparated on Chiralcel OZ-3R column with the resolution more than 2.5. The impact of various primary aliphatic amine additives as co-reagents (ethyl-, 1-propyl-, 1-butyl-, 1-pentylamine, (R)-sec-butylamine, tert-butylamine, isobutylamine, cyclopropyl-, cyclobutyl-, cyclopentyl and cyclohexylamine) used in precolumn derivatization step on the retention behavior (retention factor, selectivity and column efficiency) of N-acetyl-dl-cysteine derivatives was investigated. The effect of chromatographic conditions including acetonitrile content in the mobile phase, mobile phase pH, salt concentration in the mobile phase and column temperature on the retention and selectivity was investigated. The developed method was properly validated in terms of linearity, sensitivity (limit of detection and limit of quantification), accuracy, precision, intermediate precision and selectivity according to International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use guidelines using internal normalization procedure. Proposed HPLC method was successfully applied to the determination of optical purity in commercially available N-acetyl-L-cysteine samples.
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Stereospecific recognition of chiral molecules plays an important role in nature as the basis of the interaction of chiral bioactive compounds with the chiral target structures. In separation sciences such as chromatographic and capillary electromigration techniques, interactions between chiral analytes and chiral selectors, i.e., the formation of transient diastereomeric complexes in thermodynamic equilibria, are the basis for chiral separations. Due to the large structural variety of chiral selectors, different structural features contribute to the overall chiral recognition process. This introductory chapter briefly summarizes the present understanding of the structural enantioselective recognition processes for various types of chiral selectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard K E Scriba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Jena, Jena, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ogasawara M, Enomoto Y, Uryu M, Yang X, Kataoka A, Ohnishi A. Application of Polysaccharide-Based Chiral HPLC Columns for Separation of Nonenantiomeric Isomeric Mixtures of Organometallic Compounds. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masamichi Ogasawara
- Department of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology and Research Cluster on “Innovative Chemical Sensing”, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - Yuuki Enomoto
- Department of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology and Research Cluster on “Innovative Chemical Sensing”, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - Mizuho Uryu
- Department of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology and Research Cluster on “Innovative Chemical Sensing”, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Xicheng Yang
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Ayami Kataoka
- Department of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology and Research Cluster on “Innovative Chemical Sensing”, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ohnishi
- Daicel Corporation, CPI Company, Life Sciences Development Center, Arai 944-8550, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
HPLC separation of panthenol enantiomers on different types of chiral stationary phases. ACTA CHIMICA SLOVACA 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/acs-2018-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Panthenol is a biologically active compound closely related to vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid). This work deals with the separation of panthenol enantiomers using high performance liquid chromatography. Different types of chiral stationary phases (β-cyclodextrin, isopropyl carbamate cyclofructan 6, amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)) were tested in normal phase separation mode. Effect of mobile phase composition on the resolution and retention of enantiomers was studied. Two types of detectors, low-wavelength UV and polarimetric, were used. The optimal chromatographic system includes a chiral stationary phase based on amylose and a mobile phase of hexane/ethanol (60/40, v/v) where the resolution of enantiomers reached the value R
s = 2.49. Suitable chromatographic conditions were applied for the determination of panthenol enantiomers in samples of pharmaceutical preparations with the obtained recovery of more than 92 %. Linearity of the high performance liquid chromatography method with spectrophotometric detection was from 1.0 × 10−3 to 1.3 mg mL−1 (R
2 = 0.998), with the limit of detection of 0.3 × 10−3 mg mL−1 for both enantiomers.
Collapse
|
30
|
Adhikari S, Paik MJ, Lee W. Liquid Chromatographic Enantiomeric Separation of Chiral Aliphatic Amines Using 2-Hydroxynaphthaldehyde as a Derivatizing Agent on Polysaccharide-Derived Chiral Stationary Phases. Chromatographia 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-018-3560-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
31
|
Pisani L, Rullo M, Catto M, de Candia M, Carrieri A, Cellamare S, Altomare CD. Structure-property relationship study of the HPLC enantioselective retention of neuroprotective 7-[(1-alkylpiperidin-3-yl)methoxy]coumarin derivatives on an amylose-based chiral stationary phase. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:1376-1384. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Pisani
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences; University of Bari Aldo Moro; Bari Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Rullo
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences; University of Bari Aldo Moro; Bari Italy
| | - Marco Catto
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences; University of Bari Aldo Moro; Bari Italy
| | - Modesto de Candia
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences; University of Bari Aldo Moro; Bari Italy
| | - Antonio Carrieri
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences; University of Bari Aldo Moro; Bari Italy
| | - Saverio Cellamare
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences; University of Bari Aldo Moro; Bari Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Aboul-Enein HY, Aboul-Enein MN, El-Azzouny AA, Saleh OA, Hassan RM, Amin KM. Enantioseparation of Substituted 1, 3-Diazaspiro [4.5]Decan-4-Ones: HPLC Comparative Study on Different Polysaccharide Type Chiral Stationary Phases. J Chromatogr Sci 2017; 56:160-165. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmx098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
33
|
Chiral Stationary Phases for Liquid Chromatography Based on Chitin- and Chitosan-Derived Marine Polysaccharides. Symmetry (Basel) 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/sym9090190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
34
|
Vargas-Caporali J, Juaristi E. Fundamental Developments of Chiral Phase Chromatography in Connection with Enantioselective Synthesis of β-Amino Acids. Isr J Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201700011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Vargas-Caporali
- Departamento de Química; Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Instituto Politécnico Nacional Avenida IPN No. 2508; 07360 Ciudad de México México
| | - Eusebio Juaristi
- Departamento de Química; Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Instituto Politécnico Nacional Avenida IPN No. 2508; 07360 Ciudad de México México
- El Colegio Nacional; Luis González Obregón No. 23, Centro Histórico 06020 Ciudad de México México
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chromatographic Enantioseparation of Ten Amino Acid Amide Derivatives on Three Polysaccharide-Based Chiral Stationary Phases. Chromatographia 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-017-3335-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
36
|
Lal M, Bhushan R. Analytical and semi-preparative enantioresolution of (RS)-ketorolac from pharmaceutical formulation and in human plasma by HPLC. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 30:1526-34. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manohar Lal
- Department of Chemistry; Lovely Professional University; Phagwara (Punjab) 144411 India
| | - Ravi Bhushan
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee; Roorkee 247667 India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Albals D, Heyden YV, Schmid MG, Chankvetadze B, Mangelings D. Chiral separations of cathinone and amphetamine-derivatives: Comparative study between capillary electrochromatography, supercritical fluid chromatography and three liquid chromatographic modes. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 121:232-243. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
38
|
Rao RN, Santhakumar K, Naidu CG. Rat dried blood spot analysis of (R,S)-(−)- and (S,R)-(+)- enantiomers of emtricitabin on immobilized tris-(3,5-dimethylphenyl carbamate) amylose silica as a chiral stationary phase. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 1002:160-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
39
|
Shen J, Okamoto Y. Efficient Separation of Enantiomers Using Stereoregular Chiral Polymers. Chem Rev 2015; 116:1094-138. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 465] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shen
- Polymer
Materials Research Center, Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials
and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials
Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yoshio Okamoto
- Polymer
Materials Research Center, Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials
and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials
Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate
School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Batra S, Bhushan R. Resolution of enantiomers of bupropion and its metabolites by liquid chromatography. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 30:670-82. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ravi Bhushan
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee; Roorkee 247667 India
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
High-performance liquid chromatographic enantioseparation of unusual amino acid derivatives with axial chirality on polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1390:78-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
42
|
Saleh OA, Yehia AM, Abd-El Sattar El-Azzouny A, Aboul-Enein HY. A validated chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of guaifenesin enantiomers and ambroxol HCl in pharmaceutical formulation. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19391e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The performance of three phenylcarbamate based chiral stationary phases was evaluated for the optimum separation of guaifenesin enantiomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ola Ahmed Saleh
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department
- Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division
- National Research Centre (ID: 60014618)
- 12622 Dokki
- Egypt
| | - Ali Mohamed Yehia
- Analytical Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Cairo University
- Cairo
- Egypt
| | - Aida Abd-El Sattar El-Azzouny
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department
- Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division
- National Research Centre (ID: 60014618)
- 12622 Dokki
- Egypt
| | - Hassan Youssef Aboul-Enein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department
- Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division
- National Research Centre (ID: 60014618)
- 12622 Dokki
- Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Liu H, Tanaka T, Kataura H. Optical isomer separation of single-chirality carbon nanotubes using gel column chromatography. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:6237-43. [PMID: 25347592 DOI: 10.1021/nl5025613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We report a gel column chromatography method for easily separating the optical isomers (i.e., left- and right-handed structures) of single-chirality carbon nanotubes. This method uses the difference in the interactions of the two isomers of a chiral single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) with an allyl dextran-based gel, which result from the selective interaction of the chiral moieties of the gel with the isomers. Using this technique, we sorted optical isomers of nine distinct (n, m) single-chirality species from HiPco SWCNTs, which is the maximum number of isolable species of SWCNTs reported to date. Because of its advantages of technical simplicity, low cost, and high efficiency, gel column chromatography allows researchers to prepare macroscopic ensembles of single-structure SWCNTs and enables the complete discovery of intrinsic properties of SWCNTs and advances their application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huaping Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Shen J, Ikai T, Okamoto Y. Synthesis and application of immobilized polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases for enantioseparation by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1363:51-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
45
|
Gegenava M, Chankvetadze L, Farkas T, Chankvetadze B. Enantioseparation of selected chiral sulfoxides in high-performance liquid chromatography with polysaccharide-based chiral selectors in polar organic mobile phases with emphasis on enantiomer elution order. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:1083-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201301318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maia Gegenava
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry; School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University; Tbilisi Georgia
| | - Lali Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry; School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University; Tbilisi Georgia
| | | | - Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry; School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University; Tbilisi Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kodali P, Stalcup AM. NORMAL PHASE CHIRAL SEPARATION OF HEXAHELICENE ISOMERS USING A CHIRAL SURFACE CONFINED IONIC LIQUID STATIONARY PHASE. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2012.758151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Kodali
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio , USA
| | - A. M. Stalcup
- b Irish Separation Science Cluster, National Center for Sensor Research , Dublin City University , Glasnevin , Dublin , Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Shen G, Jia X, Ma S, Wang T, Du B, Zhang Z. RESOLUTION OF RACEMIC γ-SUBSTITUTED BUTENOLIDE DERIVATIVES USING A POLYSACCHARIDE TYPE STATIONARY PHASE BY HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2012.758147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guopeng Shen
- a School of Chemical Engineering and Energy , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , P.R. China
| | - Xin Jia
- b School of Pharmacy , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , P.R. China
| | - Sijia Ma
- b School of Pharmacy , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , P.R. China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- b School of Pharmacy , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , P.R. China
| | - Bin Du
- b School of Pharmacy , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , P.R. China
| | - Zhenzhong Zhang
- b School of Pharmacy , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Labafzadeh SR, Kavakka JS, Vyavaharkar K, Sievänen K, Kilpeläinen I. Preparation of cellulose and pulp carbamates through a reactive dissolution approach. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02316a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
49
|
Layton C, Ma S, Wu L, Lee H, Fandrick K, Fandrick D, Senanyake C, Yee N, Grinberg N, Clark J. Study of enantioselectivity on an immobilized amylose carbamate stationary phase under subcritical fluid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:3941-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 10/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catharine Layton
- Analytical Science Department; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals; Ridgefield CT USA
| | - Shengli Ma
- Chemical Development Department; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals; Ridgefield CT USA
| | - Ling Wu
- Chemical Development Department; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals; Ridgefield CT USA
| | - Heewon Lee
- Chemical Development Department; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals; Ridgefield CT USA
| | - Keith Fandrick
- Chemical Development Department; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals; Ridgefield CT USA
| | - Daniel Fandrick
- Chemical Development Department; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals; Ridgefield CT USA
| | - Chris Senanyake
- Chemical Development Department; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals; Ridgefield CT USA
| | - Nathan Yee
- Chemical Development Department; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals; Ridgefield CT USA
| | - Nelu Grinberg
- Chemical Development Department; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals; Ridgefield CT USA
| | - Jody Clark
- Selerity Corporation; Salt Lake City; UT USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Chen K, Lynen F, Hitzel L, Hanna-Brown M, Szucs R, Sandra P. A New Strategy for Fast Chiral Screening by Combining HPLC-DAD with a Multivariate Curve Resolution–Alternating Least Squares Algorithm. Chromatographia 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-013-2520-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|