1
|
Mao Y, Jin Z, Yang J, Xu D, Zhao L, Kiram A, Yin Y, Zhou D, Sun Z, Xiao L, Zhou Z, Yang L, Fu T, Xu Z, Jia Y, Chen X, Niu FN, Li X, Zhu Z, Gan Z. Muscle-bone cross-talk through the FNIP1-TFEB-IGF2 axis is associated with bone metabolism in human and mouse. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadk9811. [PMID: 38838134 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adk9811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Clinical evidence indicates a close association between muscle dysfunction and bone loss; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report that muscle dysfunction-related bone loss in humans with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy is associated with decreased expression of folliculin-interacting protein 1 (FNIP1) in muscle tissue. Supporting this finding, murine gain- and loss-of-function genetic models demonstrated that muscle-specific ablation of FNIP1 caused decreased bone mass, increased osteoclastic activity, and mechanical impairment that could be rescued by myofiber-specific expression of FNIP1. Myofiber-specific FNIP1 deficiency stimulated expression of nuclear translocation of transcription factor EB, thereby activating transcription of insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2) at a conserved promoter-binding site and subsequent IGF2 secretion. Muscle-derived IGF2 stimulated osteoclastogenesis through IGF2 receptor signaling. AAV9-mediated overexpression of IGF2 was sufficient to decrease bone volume and impair bone mechanical properties in mice. Further, we found that serum IGF2 concentration was negatively correlated with bone health in humans in the context of osteoporosis. Our findings elucidate a muscle-bone cross-talk mechanism bridging the gap between muscle dysfunction and bone loss. This cross-talk represents a potential target to treat musculoskeletal diseases and osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Zhen Jin
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Dengqiu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Children,s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Abdukahar Kiram
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yujing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Danxia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Zongchao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Liwei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Likun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Tingting Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Zhisheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Yuhuan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Feng-Nan Niu
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xihua Li
- Department of Neurology, Children,s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Zezhang Zhu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhenji Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Y, Wang L, Kang H, Lin CY, Fan Y. Dose-dependent tandem responses of osteoblasts during osteogenesis. MEDICINE IN NOVEL TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medntd.2023.100227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
|
3
|
Chanpaisaeng K, Reyes‐Fernandez PC, Dilkes B, Fleet JC. Diet X Gene Interactions Control Femoral Bone Adaptation To Low Dietary Calcium. JBMR Plus 2022; 6:e10668. [PMID: 36111202 PMCID: PMC9465001 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Krittikan Chanpaisaeng
- Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - Perla C. Reyes‐Fernandez
- School of Health and Human Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy Indiana University ‐ Purdue University Indianapolis Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Brian Dilkes
- Center for Plant Biology Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA
- Department of Biochemistry Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA
| | - James C. Fleet
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and the Dell Pediatric Research Institute University of Texas Austin TX USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Laskou F, Patel HP, Cooper C, Dennison E. A pas de deux of osteoporosis and sarcopenia: osteosarcopenia. Climacteric 2022; 25:88-95. [PMID: 34308725 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2021.1951204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The musculoskeletal conditions osteoporosis and sarcopenia are highly prevalent in older adults. Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone, whereas sarcopenia is identified by the loss of muscle strength, function and mass. Osteoporosis represents a major health problem contributing to millions of fractures worldwide on an annual basis, whereas sarcopenia is associated with a range of adverse physical and metabolic outcomes. They both affect physical and social function, confidence and quality of life as well as contributing to high health-care costs worldwide. Osteosarcopenia is the term given when both conditions occur concomitantly and it has been suggested that interactions between these two conditions may accelerate individual disease progression as co-existence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia is associated with higher morbidity from falls, fracture, disability as well as mortality. In this review, we will outline the epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical consequences of osteosarcopenia and discuss available management strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Laskou
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - H P Patel
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - C Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - E Dennison
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pomeroy E, Mushrif-Tripathy V, Kulkarni B, Kinra S, Stock JT, Cole TJ, Shirley MK, Wells JCK. Estimating body mass and composition from proximal femur dimensions using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2018; 11:2167-2179. [PMID: 31565085 PMCID: PMC6743672 DOI: 10.1007/s12520-018-0665-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Body mass prediction from the skeleton most commonly employs femoral head diameter (FHD). However, theoretical predictions and empirical data suggest the relationship between mass and FHD is strongest in young adults, that bone dimensions reflect lean mass better than body or fat mass and that other femoral measurements may be superior. Here, we generate prediction equations for body mass and its components using femoral head, neck and proximal shaft diameters and body composition data derived from dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans of young adults (n = 155, 77 females and 78 males, mean age 22.7 ± 1.3 years) from the Andhra Pradesh Children and Parents Study, Hyderabad, India. Sex-specific regression of log-transformed data on femoral measurements predicted lean mass with smaller standard errors of estimate (SEEs) than body mass (12-14% and 16-17% respectively), while none of the femoral measurements were significant predictors of fat mass. Subtrochanteric mediolateral shaft diameter gave lower SEEs for lean mass in both sexes and for body mass in males than FHD, while FHD was a better predictor of body mass in women. Our results provide further evidence that lean mass is more closely related to proximal femur dimensions than body or fat mass and that proximal shaft diameter is a better predictor than FHD of lean but not always body mass. The mechanisms underlying these relationships have implications for selecting the most appropriate measurement and reference sample for estimating body or lean mass, which also depend on the question under investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Pomeroy
- School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF UK
| | | | | | - Sanjay Kinra
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Jay T. Stock
- ADaPt Project, PAVE Research Group, Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tim J. Cole
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, UCL, London, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pomeroy E, Macintosh A, Wells JC, Cole TJ, Stock JT. Relationship between body mass, lean mass, fat mass, and limb bone cross-sectional geometry: Implications for estimating body mass and physique from the skeleton. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2018; 166:56-69. [PMID: 29344931 PMCID: PMC6178563 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Estimating body mass from skeletal dimensions is widely practiced, but methods for estimating its components (lean and fat mass) are poorly developed. The ability to estimate these characteristics would offer new insights into the evolution of body composition and its variation relative to past and present health. This study investigates the potential of long bone cross-sectional properties as predictors of body, lean, and fat mass. MATERIALS AND METHODS Humerus, femur and tibia midshaft cross-sectional properties were measured by peripheral quantitative computed tomography in sample of young adult women (n = 105) characterized by a range of activity levels. Body composition was estimated from bioimpedance analysis. RESULTS Lean mass correlated most strongly with both upper and lower limb bone properties (r values up to 0.74), while fat mass showed weak correlations (r ≤ 0.29). Estimation equations generated from tibial midshaft properties indicated that lean mass could be estimated relatively reliably, with some improvement using logged data and including bone length in the models (minimum standard error of estimate = 8.9%). Body mass prediction was less reliable and fat mass only poorly predicted (standard errors of estimate ≥11.9% and >33%, respectively). DISCUSSION Lean mass can be predicted more reliably than body mass from limb bone cross-sectional properties. The results highlight the potential for studying evolutionary trends in lean mass from skeletal remains, and have implications for understanding the relationship between bone morphology and body mass or composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Pomeroy
- School of Natural Sciences and PsychologyLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool, L3 3AFUnited Kingdom
| | - Alison Macintosh
- ADaPt Project, PAVE Research Group, Department of Archaeology and AnthropologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridge, CB2 3QGUnited Kingdom
| | - Jonathan C.K. Wells
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondon, WC1N 1EHUnited Kingdom
| | - Tim J. Cole
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondon, WC1N 1EHUnited Kingdom
| | - Jay T. Stock
- ADaPt Project, PAVE Research Group, Department of Archaeology and AnthropologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridge, CB2 3QGUnited Kingdom
- Department of AnthropologyUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntario, N6A 3K7Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Majuta LA, Guedon JMG, Mitchell SA, Kuskowski MA, Mantyh PW. Mice with cancer-induced bone pain show a marked decline in day/night activity. Pain Rep 2017; 2:e614. [PMID: 29392229 PMCID: PMC5777677 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000000614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) is the most common type of pain with cancer. In humans, this pain can be difficult to control and highly disabling. A major problem with CIBP in humans is that it increases on weight-bearing and/or movement of a tumor-bearing bone limiting the activity and functional status of the patient. Currently, there is less data concerning whether similar negative changes in activity occur in rodent models of CIBP. OBJECTIVES To determine whether there are marked changes in activity in a rodent model of CIBP and compare this to changes in skin hypersensitivity. METHODS Osteosarcoma cells were injected and confined to 1 femur of the adult male mouse. Every 7 days, spontaneous horizontal and vertical activities were assessed over a 20-hour day and night period using automated activity boxes. Mechanical hypersensitivity of the hind paw skin was assessed using von Frey testing. RESULTS As the tumor cells grew within the femur, there was a significant decline in horizontal and vertical activity during the times of the day/night when the mice are normally most active. Mice also developed significant hypersensitivity in the skin of the hind paw in the tumor-bearing limb. CONCLUSION Even when the tumor is confined to a single load-bearing bone, CIBP drives a significant loss of activity, which increases with disease progression. Understanding the mechanisms that drive this reduction in activity may allow the development of therapies that allow CIBP patients to better maintain their activity and functional status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A. Majuta
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | | | | | - Patrick W. Mantyh
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Construction Formula of Biological Age Using the Principal Component Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:4697017. [PMID: 28050560 PMCID: PMC5168481 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4697017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The biological age (BA) equation is a prediction model that utilizes an algorithm to combine various biological markers of ageing. Different from traditional concepts, the BA equation does not emphasize the importance of a golden index but focuses on using indices of vital organs to represent the senescence of whole body. This model has been used to assess the ageing process in a more precise way and may predict possible diseases better as compared with the chronological age (CA). The principal component analysis (PCA) is applied as one of the common and frequently used methods in the construction of the BA formula. Compared with other methods, PCA has its own study procedures and features. Herein we summarize the up-to-date knowledge about the BA formula construction and discuss the influential factors, so as to give an overview of BA estimate by PCA, including composition of samples, choices of test items, and selection of ageing biomarkers. We also discussed the advantages and disadvantages of PCA with reference to the construction mechanism, accuracy, and practicability of several common methods in the construction of the BA formula.
Collapse
|
9
|
Effects of Exercise on Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Related Protein 5 Gene Expression in Patients With Postmenopausal Osteoporosis. Arch Rheumatol 2016; 31:314-320. [PMID: 30375552 DOI: 10.5606/archrheumatol.2016.5992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on low density lipoprotein receptor related protein 5 (LRP5) gene messenger ribonucleic acid expression and evaluate the relationship between the clinical parameters and gene expression in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis (OP). Patients and methods Seven patients with postmenopausal OP (mean age 60.0±5.3 years; range 51 to 66 years) were included in the study. An exercise protocol/program consisting of treadmill exercising for 30 minutes three days a week for six weeks was performed at a moderate intensity. LRP5 gene expression levels were evaluated before the onset of the exercise program and then four hours after the end of the first session and 12th (fourth week) and 18th (sixth week) sessions of exercise. Results Our results demonstrated variable changes in the LRP5 gene expression after the aerobic exercise sessions. Excluding one patient, the LRP5 gene expression levels showed a slight tendency to increase. In spite of this tendency, gene expression differences during the exercise sessions were not significant. Conclusion Our results suggest that interindividual variations of LRP5 gene expression exist after moderate intensity aerobic exercises in patients with postmenopausal OP. Despite of this variability, LRP5 gene expression levels increased slightly, except in peripheral blood in one patient. Future studies with larger sample sizes and different sampling time/tissues are required to shed more light on the impact of exercise at molecular level in OP.
Collapse
|
10
|
A Chromosome 13 locus is associated with male-specific mortality in mice. Aging Clin Exp Res 2016; 28:59-67. [PMID: 25995165 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-015-0370-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Mortality is a highly complex trait influenced by a wide array of genetic factors. METHODS We examined a population of 1200 mice that were F2 generation offspring of a 4-way reciprocal cross between C57BL6/J and DBA2/J strains. Animals were sacrificed at age 200, 500, or 800 days and genotyped at 96 markers. The 800 days old cohort, which were the survivors of a much larger breeding group, were examined for enriched frequency of alleles that benefit survival and depletion of alleles that reduce survival. RESULTS Loci on Chr 13 in males and on Chr X in females were significantly distorted from Mendelian expectations, even after conservative correction for multiple testing. DBA2/J alleles between 35 and 80 Mb on Chr 13 were underrepresented in the age 800 male animals. D2 genotypes in this region were also associated with premature death during behavioral testing. Furthermore, confirmatory analysis showed BXD recombinant inbred strains carrying the D2 alleles in this region had shorter median survival. Exploration of available pathology data indicated that a syndrome involving dental malocclusions, pancreatic islet hypertrophy, and kidney lipidosis may have mediated the effects of DBA alleles on mortality specifically in male mice. The heterozygote advantage locus on the X Chr was not found to be associated with any pathology. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest a novel locus influencing survival in the B6/D2 genetic background, perhaps via a metabolic disorder that emerges by 200 days of age in male animals.
Collapse
|
11
|
Qiao X, Yong Qiao X, Nie Y, Ma Y, Xian Ma Y, Chen Y, Cheng R, Yin W, Yao Yinrg W, Hu Y, Xu W, Ming Xu W, Xu L, Zhi Xu L. Irisin promotes osteoblast proliferation and differentiation via activating the MAP kinase signaling pathways. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18732. [PMID: 26738434 PMCID: PMC4704023 DOI: 10.1038/srep18732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise is able to improve skeletal health. However, the mechanisms are poorly known. Irisin, a novel exercise-induced myokine, secreted by skeletal muscle in response to exercise, have been shown to mediate beneficial effects of exercise in many disorders. In the current study, we demonstrated that irisin promotes osteoblast proliferation, and increases the expression of osteoblastic transcription regulators, such as Runt-related transcription factor-2, osterix/sp7; and osteoblast differentiation markers, including alkaline phosphatase, collagen type 1 alpha-1, osteocalcin, and osteopontin in vitro. Irisin also increase ALP activity and calcium deposition in cultured osteoblast. These osteogenic effects were mediated by activating the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-p38 MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Inhibition of p38 MAPK by SB023580 or pERK by U0126 abolished the proliferation and up-regulatory effects of irisin on Runx2 expression and ALP activity. Together our observation suggest that irisin directly targets osteoblast, promoting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation via activating P38/ERK MAP kinase signaling cascades in vitro. Whether irisin can be utilized as the therapeutic agents for osteopenia and osteoporosis is worth to be further pursued.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiao Yong Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Nie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Ya Xian Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Wei Yao Yinrg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Wen Ming Xu
- The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangzhi Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Genetic regulation of bone strength: a review of animal model studies. BONEKEY REPORTS 2015; 4:714. [PMID: 26157577 DOI: 10.1038/bonekey.2015.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Population- and family-based studies have established that fragility fracture risk is heritable; yet, the genome-wide association studies published to date have only accounted for a small fraction of the known variation for fracture risk of either the femur or the lumbar spine. Much work has been carried out using animal models toward finding genetic loci that are associated with bone strength. Studies using animal models overcome some of the issues associated with using patient data, but caution is needed when interpreting the results. In this review, we examine the types of tests that have been used for forward genetics mapping in animal models to identify loci and/or genes that regulate bone strength and discuss the limitations of these test methods. In addition, we present a summary of the quantitative trait loci that have been mapped for bone strength in mice, rats and chickens. The majority of these loci co-map with loci for bone size and/or geometry and thus likely dictate strength via modulating bone size. Differences in bone matrix composition have been demonstrated when comparing inbred strains of mice, and these matrix differences may be associated with differences in bone strength. However, additional work is needed to identify loci that act on bone strength at the materials level.
Collapse
|
13
|
The relationship between lower limb bone and muscle in military recruits, response to physical training, and influence of smoking status. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9323. [PMID: 25792356 PMCID: PMC4366847 DOI: 10.1038/srep09323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between bone and skeletal muscle mass may be affected by physical training. No studies have prospectively examined the bone and skeletal muscle responses to a short controlled exercise-training programme. We hypothesised that a short exercise-training period would affect muscle and bone mass together. Methods: Femoral bone and Rectus femoris Volumes (RFVOL) were determined by magnetic resonance imaging in 215 healthy army recruits, and bone mineral density (BMD) by Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) and repeated after 12 weeks of regulated physical training. Results: Pre-training, RFVOL was smaller in smokers than non-smokers (100.9 ± 20.2 vs. 108.7 ± 24.5, p = 0.018; 96.2 ± 16.9 vs. 104.8 ± 21.3, p = 0.002 for dominant/non-dominant limbs), although increases in RFVOL with training (of 14.2 ± 14.5% and 13.2 ± 15.6%] respectively, p < 0.001) were independent of prior smoking status. Pre-training RFVOL was related to bone cortical volume (r2 = 0.21 and 0.30, p < 0.001 for dominant and non-dominant legs), and specifically to periosteal (r2 = 0.21 and 0.23, p < 0.001) volume. Pre-training dominant RFVOL was independently associated with Total Hip BMD (p < 0.001). Training-related increases in RFVOL and bone volumes were related. Whilst smokers demonstrated lower muscle mass than non-smokers, differences were abolished with training. Training-related increases in muscle mass were related to increases in periosteal bone volume in both dominant and non-dominant legs.
Collapse
|
14
|
DiGirolamo DJ, Kiel DP, Esser KA. Bone and skeletal muscle: neighbors with close ties. J Bone Miner Res 2013; 28:1509-18. [PMID: 23630111 PMCID: PMC4892934 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.1969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Revised: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The musculoskeletal system evolved in mammals to perform diverse functions that include locomotion, facilitating breathing, protecting internal organs, and coordinating global energy expenditure. Bone and skeletal muscles involved with locomotion are both derived from somitic mesoderm and accumulate peak tissue mass synchronously, according to genetic information and environmental stimuli. Aging results in the progressive and parallel loss of bone (osteopenia) and skeletal muscle (sarcopenia) with profound consequences for quality of life. Age-associated sarcopenia results in reduced endurance, poor balance, and reduced mobility that predispose elderly individuals to falls, which more frequently result in fracture because of concomitant osteoporosis. Thus, a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the parallel development and involution of these tissues is critical to developing new and more effective means to combat osteoporosis and sarcopenia in our increasingly aged population. This perspective highlights recent advances in our understanding of mechanisms coupling bone and skeletal muscle mass, and identify critical areas where further work is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas J DiGirolamo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287‐0882, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Brody LT. Effective therapeutic exercise prescription: the right exercise at the right dose. J Hand Ther 2012; 25:220-31; quiz 232. [PMID: 22212491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jht.2011.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Revised: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The prescription of an effective therapeutic exercise program requires the right dosage of the right exercise, at the right time for that patient. The therapist must understand and apply training principles effectively in the presence of pathology, injury, or otherwise unhealthy tissue. The intervention goal is to close the gap between current performance and the desired goal or capacity. Although there may be a preferred linear path from current performance to optimal outcome, complexities of the human body, internal factors, and external variables may create barriers to this direct path. Successful programs include key program design considerations such as ensuring a stable baseline before progression, treating the right impairments and activity limitations, understanding contextual factors, considering the principles of specificity and optimal loading, and applying dosing principles. Program progression can be achieved through increases in total exercise volume and/or through manipulation of exercise challenges at the same exercise volume. Effective application of these principles will guide patients toward their goals as quickly and efficiently as possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lori Thein Brody
- Senior Clinical Specialist, Spine and Sports Physical Therapy, UW Clinics Research Park, Madison, Wisconsin 53711, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Karasik D, Kiel DP. Evidence for pleiotropic factors in genetics of the musculoskeletal system. Bone 2010; 46:1226-37. [PMID: 20149904 PMCID: PMC4852133 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2010.01.382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2010] [Revised: 01/20/2010] [Accepted: 01/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
There are both theoretical and empirical underpinnings that provide evidence that the musculoskeletal system develops, functions, and ages as a whole. Thus, the risk of osteoporotic fracture can be viewed as a function of loading conditions and the ability of the bone to withstand the load. Both bone loss (osteoporosis) and muscle wasting (sarcopenia) are the two sides of the same coin, an involution of the musculoskeletal system. Skeletal loads are dominated by muscle action; both bone and muscle share environmental, endocrine and paracrine influences. Muscle also has an endocrine function by producing bioactive molecules, which can contribute to homeostatic regulation of both bone and muscle. It also becomes clear that bone and muscle share genetic determinants; therefore the consideration of pleiotropy is an important aspect in the study of the genetics of osteoporosis and sarcopenia. The aim of this review is to provide an additional evidence for existence of the tight genetic co-regulation of muscles and bones, starting early in development and still evident in aging. Recently, important papers were published, including those dealing with the cellular mechanisms and anatomic substrate of bone mechanosensitivity. Further evidence has emerged suggesting that the relationship between skeletal muscle and bone parameters extends beyond the general paradigm of bone responses to mechanical loading. We provide insights into several pathways and single genes, which apparently have a biologically plausible pleiotropic effect on both bones and muscles; the list is continuing to grow. Understanding the crosstalk between muscles and bones will translate into a conceptual framework aimed at studying the pleiotropic genetic relationships in the etiology of complex musculoskeletal disease. We believe that further progress in understanding the common genetic etiology of osteoporosis and sarcopenia will provide valuable insight into important biological underpinnings for both musculoskeletal conditions. This may translate into new approaches to reduce the burden of both conditions, which are prevalent in the elderly population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Karasik
- Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, 1200 Centre Street, Boston, MA 02131, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|