1
|
He H, Liu Q, Tang J, Zhu P, Chen S, Song X, Wu S. Validation of the polarized Monte Carlo model of shipborne oceanic lidar returns. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:43250-43268. [PMID: 38178423 DOI: 10.1364/oe.511445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The polarized Monte Carlo (PMC) model has been applied to study the backscattering measurement of oceanic lidar. This study proposes a PMC model for shipborne oceanic lidar simulation. This model is validated by the Rayleigh scattering experiment, lidar equation, and in-situ lidar LOOP (Lidar for Ocean Optics Profiler) returns [Opt. Express30, 8927 (2022)10.1364/OE.449554]. The relative errors of the simulated Rayleigh scattering results are less than 0.07%. The maximum mean relative error (MRE) of the simulated single scattering scalar signals and lidar equation results is 30.94%. The maximum MRE of simulated total scattering signals and LOOP returns in parallel and cross channels are 33.29% and 22.37%, respectively, and the maximal MRE of the depolarization ratio is 24.13%. The underwater light field of the laser beam is also simulated to illustrate the process of beam energy spreading. These results prove the validity of the model. Further analyses show that the measured signals of shipborne lidar LOOP are primarily from the particle single scatterings. This model is significant for analyzing the signal contributions from multiple scattering and single scattering.
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Y, Zhang X, Xu J, Sun X, Zhao X, Li H, Liu Y, Tian J, Hao X, Kong X, Wang Z, Yang J, Su Y. The Development of Microscopic Imaging Technology and its Application in Micro- and Nanotechnology. Front Chem 2022; 10:931169. [PMID: 35864864 PMCID: PMC9294601 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.931169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
As a typical microscopic imaging technology, the emergence of the microscope has accelerated the pace of human exploration of the micro world. With the development of science and technology, microscopes have developed from the optical microscopes at the time of their invention to electron microscopes and even atomic force microscopes. The resolution has steadily improved, allowing humans to expand the field of research from the initial animal and plant tissues to microorganisms such as bacteria, and even down to the nanolevel. The microscope is now widely used in life science, material science, geological research, and other fields. It can be said that the development of microscopes also promotes the development of micro- and nanotechnology. It is foreseeable that microscopes will play a significant part in the exploration of the microworld for a long time to come. The development of microscope technology is the focus of this study, which summarized the properties of numerous microscopes and discussed their applications in micro and nanotechnology. At the same time, the application of microscopic imaging technology in micro- and nanofields was investigated based on the properties of various microscopes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Laboratory of Optical Detection and Imaging, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Technology Innovation Center of Remote Sensing and Precise Measurement, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiushuo Zhang
- Laboratory of Optical Detection and Imaging, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Technology Innovation Center of Remote Sensing and Precise Measurement, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Laboratory of Optical Detection and Imaging, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangyu Sun
- Torch High Technology Industry Development Center, Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhao
- Laboratory of Optical Detection and Imaging, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongsheng Li
- Laboratory of Optical Detection and Imaging, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Technology Innovation Center of Remote Sensing and Precise Measurement, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Laboratory of Optical Detection and Imaging, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Technology Innovation Center of Remote Sensing and Precise Measurement, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingjing Tian
- Laboratory of Optical Detection and Imaging, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaorui Hao
- Laboratory of Optical Detection and Imaging, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaofei Kong
- Laboratory of Optical Detection and Imaging, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Laboratory of Optical Detection and Imaging, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Laboratory of Optical Detection and Imaging, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuqing Su
- Laboratory of Optical Detection and Imaging, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Machine Learning Powered Microalgae Classification by Use of Polarized Light Scattering Data. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12073422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are widely distributed in the ocean, which greatly affects the ocean environment. In this work, a dataset is presented, including the polarized light scattering data of 35 categories of marine microalgae. To analyze the dataset, several machine learning algorithms are applied and compared, such as linear discrimination analysis (LDA) and two types of support vector machine (SVM). Results show that non-linear SVM performs the best among these algorithms. Then, two data preparation approaches for non-linear SVM are compared. Subsequently, more than 10 categories of microalgae out of the dataset can be identified with an accuracy greater than 0.80. The basis of the dataset is shown by finding the categories independent to each other. The discussions about the performance of different incident polarization of light gives some clues to design the optimal incident polarization of light for future instrumentation. With this proposed technique and the dataset, these microalgae can be well differentiated by polarized light scattering data.
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang X, Zhao X, Li H, Hao X, Xu J, Tian J, Wang Y. Detection Methods of Nanoparticles Synthesized by Gas-Phase Method: A Review. Front Chem 2022; 10:845363. [PMID: 35295972 PMCID: PMC8919326 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.845363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The detection of nanoparticles is the basis of the study of synthesis mechanism, active regulation of the synthesis process, and the study of nanoparticle properties after synthesis. It is significantly meaningful to the academia and engineering industry. Although there are many relevant detection methods at present, each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and their measurement quantity and application conditions are also different. There is a lack of unified sorting and generalization. In this paper, the significance of detection of nanoparticles synthesized by a gas-phase method is introduced, the development of detection technology is reviewed, and the future is prospected. It is hoped that this paper will provide a reference for the detection of nanoparticles under various conditions and for the development of new detection methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiushuo Zhang
- Laboratory of Optical Detection and Imaging, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhao
- Laboratory of Optical Detection and Imaging, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongsheng Li
- Laboratory of Optical Detection and Imaging, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaorui Hao
- Laboratory of Optical Detection and Imaging, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Laboratory of Optical Detection and Imaging, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingjing Tian
- Laboratory of Optical Detection and Imaging, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Laboratory of Optical Detection and Imaging, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Guo Z, Deng H, Li J, Liao R, Ma H. Optimized Classification of Suspended Particles in Seawater by Dense Sampling of Polarized Light Pulses. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21217344. [PMID: 34770652 PMCID: PMC8587070 DOI: 10.3390/s21217344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Suspended particles affect the state and vitality of the marine ecosystem. In situ probing and accurately classifying the suspended particles in seawater have an important impact on ecological research and environmental monitoring. Individual measurement of the optical polarization parameters scattered by the suspended particles has been proven to be a powerful tool to classify the particulate compositions in seawater. In previous works, the temporal polarized light pulses are sampled and averaged to evaluate the polarization parameters. In this paper, a method based on dense sampling of polarized light pulses is proposed and the experimental setup is built. The experimental results show that the dense sampling method optimizes the classification and increases the average accuracy by at least 16% than the average method. We demonstrate the feasibility of dense sampling method by classifying the multiple types of particles in mixed suspensions and show its excellent generalization ability by multi-classification of the particles. Additional analysis indicates that the dense sampling method basically takes advantage of the high-quality polarization parameters to optimize the classification performance. The above results suggest that the proposed dense sampling method has the potential to probe the suspended particles in seawater in red-tide early warning, as well as sediment and microplastics monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Guo
- Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (Z.G.); (H.D.); (J.L.)
| | - Hanbo Deng
- Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (Z.G.); (H.D.); (J.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiajin Li
- Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (Z.G.); (H.D.); (J.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ran Liao
- Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (Z.G.); (H.D.); (J.L.)
- Guangdong Research Center of Polarization Imaging and Measurement Engineering Technology, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China;
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine IntelliSensing and Computation, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-755-869-75-301
| | - Hui Ma
- Guangdong Research Center of Polarization Imaging and Measurement Engineering Technology, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China;
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang Y, Dai J, Liao R, Zhou J, Meng F, Yao Y, Chen H, Tao Y, Ma H. Characterization of physiological states of the suspended marine microalgae using polarized light scattering: erratum. APPLIED OPTICS 2021; 60:1143. [PMID: 33690563 DOI: 10.1364/ao.419407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This publisher's note corrects the author affiliations section of Appl. Opt.59, 1307 (2020)APOPAI0003-693510.1364/AO.377332.
Collapse
|
7
|
Li J, Liao R, Tao Y, Zhuo Z, Liu Z, Deng H, Ma H. Probing the Cyanobacterial Microcystis Gas Vesicles after Static Pressure Treatment: A Potential In Situ Rapid Method. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20154170. [PMID: 32727053 PMCID: PMC7435630 DOI: 10.3390/s20154170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The vertical migration trend of cyanobacterial cells with gas vesicles in water ecosystems can reflect the changes in the natural environment, such as temperature, nutrients, light conditions, etc. The static pressure treatment is one of the most important approaches to study the properties of the cyanobacterial cell and its gas vesicles. In this paper, a polarized light scattering method is used to probe the collapse and regeneration of the cyanobacterial gas vesicles exposed to different static pressures. During the course, both the axenic and wild type strain of cyanobacterial Microcystis were first treated with different static pressures and then recovered on the normal light conditions. Combining the observation of transmission electron microscopy and floating-sinking photos, the results showed that the collapse and regeneration of the cyanobacterial gas vesicles exposed to different static pressures can be characterized by the polarization parameters. The turbidity as a traditional indicator of gas vesicles but subjected to the concentration of the sample was also measured and found to be correlated with the polarization parameters. More analysis indicated that the polarization parameters are more sensitive and characteristic. The polarized light scattering method can be used to probe the cyanobacterial gas vesicles exposed to different static pressures, which has the potential to provide an in situ rapid and damage-free monitoring tool for observing the vertical migration of cyanobacterial cells and forecasting cyanobacterial blooms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajin Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (J.L.); (Z.L.); (H.D.)
| | - Ran Liao
- Division of Ocean Science and Technology, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-755-869-75-301
| | - Yi Tao
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China;
| | - Zepeng Zhuo
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (Z.Z.); (H.M.)
| | - Zhidi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (J.L.); (Z.L.); (H.D.)
| | - Hanbo Deng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (J.L.); (Z.L.); (H.D.)
| | - Hui Ma
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (Z.Z.); (H.M.)
| |
Collapse
|