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Chen Y, Cheak TZ, Jin TS, Vinitha G, Dimyati K, Harun SW. Domain-wall dark pulse generation with SMF-GIMF-SMF structure as artificial saturable absorber. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2141. [PMID: 38273021 PMCID: PMC10811242 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52640-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrated the generation of domain-wall dark pulse in an Erbium-doped fiber laser using the combination of a 10 cm graded index multimode fiber sandwiched by single mode fibers as artificial saturable absorber. The interaction of phase difference in grade index multimode fiber allowed the stable dual-wavelength oscillation in the cavity. The dual-wavelength centered at 1567.2 nm and 1569.4 nm produces the topological defect in temporal domain and achieved a dark pulse formation with repetition rate of 21.5 MHz. The highest average pulse energy is calculated as 769.6 pJ with pulse width of 5 ns. Throughout the operating pump power range, the average pulse energy and output power increase linearly, with R2 of 0.9999 and achieved the laser efficiency of 9.33%. From the measurement in frequency domain, the signal-to-noise ratio is measured as 49 dB. As compared to reported DW dark pulse works, the proposed structure only required a short length of multimode fiber, which allowed the domain-wall dark pulse to achieve higher pulse repetition rate. The venture of domain wall dark pulse is potentially to pave the foundation toward sustainable industrial growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Chongqing Vocational Institute of Engineering, No. 1, North and South Avenue, Binjiang New City, Jiangjin District, Chongqing, 402260, China
- Photonics Engineering Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tiu Zian Cheak
- Faculty of Engineering and Quantity Surveying, INTI International University, 71800, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
- Department of Physics, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600127, India.
| | - Tan Sin Jin
- Faculty of Engineering, UOW Malaysia KDU University College, 40150, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - G Vinitha
- Department of Physics, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600127, India
| | - Kaharudin Dimyati
- Photonics Engineering Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sulaiman Wadi Harun
- Photonics Engineering Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Shu Y, Zhong Z, Ma C, Guo P, Wu L, Lin Z, Yuan X, Li J, Chen W, Xiao Q. 2D BP/InSe Heterostructures as a Nonlinear Optical Material for Ultrafast Photonics. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:1809. [PMID: 35683665 PMCID: PMC9182335 DOI: 10.3390/nano12111809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The BP/InSe heterojunction has attracted the attention of many fields in successful combined high hole mobility of black phosphorus (BP) and high electron mobility of indium selenide (InSe), and enhanced the environmental stability of BP. Nevertheless, photonics research on the BP/InSe heterostructure was insufficient, while both components are considered promising in the field. In this work, a two-dimensional (2D) BP/InSe heterostructure was fabricated using the liquid-phase exfoliation method. Its linear and non-linear optical (NLO) absorption was characterized by ultraviolet-visible-infrared and Open-aperture Z-scan technology. On account of the revealed superior NLO properties, an SA based on 2D BP/InSe was prepared and embedded into an erbium-doped fiber laser, traditional soliton pulses were observed at 1.5 μm with the pulse duration of 881 fs. Furthermore, harmonic mode locking of bound solitons and dark-bright soliton pairs were also obtained in the same laser cavity due to the cross-coupling effect. The stable mode-locked operation can be maintained for several days, which overcome the low air stability of BP. This contribution further proves the excellent optical properties of 2D BP/InSe heterostructure and provides new probability of developing nano-photonics devices for the applications of double pulses laser source and long-distance information transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Shu
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao 591020, China; (Y.S.); (P.G.); (Z.L.); (X.Y.); (J.L.)
| | - Zijun Zhong
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
| | - Chunyang Ma
- Research Center of Circuits and Systems, Peng Cheng Laboratory (PCL), Shenzhen 518055, China;
| | - Penglai Guo
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao 591020, China; (Y.S.); (P.G.); (Z.L.); (X.Y.); (J.L.)
| | - Leiming Wu
- Institute of Advanced Photonics Technology, School of Information Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;
| | - Zhitao Lin
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao 591020, China; (Y.S.); (P.G.); (Z.L.); (X.Y.); (J.L.)
| | - Xun Yuan
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao 591020, China; (Y.S.); (P.G.); (Z.L.); (X.Y.); (J.L.)
| | - Jianqing Li
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao 591020, China; (Y.S.); (P.G.); (Z.L.); (X.Y.); (J.L.)
- Zhuhai MUST Science & Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Weicheng Chen
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China;
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Quanlan Xiao
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
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Sanchez-Perez C, Knapp CE, Colman RH, Sotelo-Vazquez C, Sathasivam S, Oilunkaniemi R, Laitinen RS, Carmalt CJ. Iron-Intercalated Zirconium Diselenide Thin Films from the Low-Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition of [Fe(η 5-C 5H 4Se) 2Zr(η 5-C 5H 5) 2] 2. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:15799-15804. [PMID: 32656399 PMCID: PMC7345377 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal chalcogenide thin films of the type Fe x ZrSe2 have applications in electronic devices, but their use is limited by current synthetic techniques. Here, we demonstrate the synthesis and characterization of Fe-intercalated ZrSe2 thin films on quartz substrates using the low-pressure chemical vapor deposition of the single-source precursor [Fe(η5-C5H4Se)2Zr(η5-C5H5)2]2. Powder X-ray diffraction of the film scraping and subsequent Rietveld refinement of the data showed the successful synthesis of the Fe0.14ZrSe2 phase, along with secondary phases of FeSe and ZrO2. Upon intercalation, a small optical band gap enhancement (E g(direct) opt = 1.72 eV) is detected in comparison with that of the host material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Sanchez-Perez
- Materials
Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
- Laboratory
of Inorganic Chemistry, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Oulu, P.O.
Box 3000, Oulu FI-90014, Finland
| | - Caroline E. Knapp
- Materials
Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
| | - Ross H. Colman
- Faculty
of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, Prague 2 121 16, Czech
Republic
| | - Carlos Sotelo-Vazquez
- Materials
Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
| | - Sanjayan Sathasivam
- Materials
Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
| | - Raija Oilunkaniemi
- Laboratory
of Inorganic Chemistry, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Oulu, P.O.
Box 3000, Oulu FI-90014, Finland
| | - Risto S. Laitinen
- Laboratory
of Inorganic Chemistry, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Oulu, P.O.
Box 3000, Oulu FI-90014, Finland
| | - Claire J. Carmalt
- Materials
Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
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Zhao R, Li D, Wang M, Zheng Y, Xu N, Liu D. Nonlinear optical characteristics of ZrSe 2 and its application for designing multi-wavelength mode-locked operations. APPLIED OPTICS 2020; 59:4806-4813. [PMID: 32543473 DOI: 10.1364/ao.392832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In our work, a ZrSe2-polyvinyl alcohol film-type saturable absorber (SA) with a modulation depth of 4.99% and a saturable intensity of 12.42MW/cm2 was successfully prepared and employed in mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser. The fiber laser can generate stable multi-wavelength mode-locked operations with a threshold power of 224 mW and a maximum average output power of 3.272 mW at the repetition rate of 3.38 MHz for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. Our experimental results fully prove that ZrSe2 nanosheets were efficient SA candidates for demonstrating multi-wavelength mode-locked operation fiber lasers due to their tunable absorption peak and excellent saturable absorption properties.
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