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Shao J, Zhao X, Tang P, Chen B, Xu B, Lu H, Qin Z, Wu C. Label-free investigation of infected acute pyelonephritis tissue by FTIR microspectroscopy with unsupervised and supervised analytical methods. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 321:124753. [PMID: 38963949 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Acute pyelonephritis (AP) is a severe urinary tract infection (UTI) syndrome with a large population of patients worldwide. Current approaches to confirming AP are limited to urinalysis, radiological imaging methods and histological assessment. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy is a promising label-free modality that can offer information about both morphological and molecular pathologic alterations from biological tissues. Here, FTIR microspectroscopy serves to investigate renal biological histology of a rat model with AP and classify normal cortex, normal medulla and infected acute pyelonephritis tissues. The spectra were experimentally collected by FTIR with an infrared Globar source through raster scanning procedure. Unsupervised analysis methods, including integrating, clustering and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed on such spectra data to form infrared histological maps of entire kidney section. In comparison to Hematoxylin & Eosin-stained results of the adjacent tissue sections, these infrared maps were proved to enable the differentiation of the renal tissue types. The results of both integration and clustering indicated that the concentration of amide II decreases in the infected acute pyelonephritis tissues, with an increased presence of nucleic acids and lipids. By means of PCA, the infected tissue was linearly separated from normal ones by plotting confident ellipses with the score values of the first and second principal components. Moreover, supervised analysis was performed based on the supported vector machines (SVM). Normal cortex, normal medulla and infected acute pyelonephritis tissues were classified by SVM models with the best accuracy of 96.11% in testing dataset. In addition, these analytical methods were further employed on synchrotron-based FTIR spectra data and successfully form high-resolution infrared histological maps of glomerulus and necrotic cell mass. This work demonstrates that FTIR microspectroscopy will be a powerful manner to investigate AP tissue and differentiate infected tissue from normal tissue in a renal infected model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhu Shao
- Center for Biophotonics, Institute of Medical Robotics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhao
- Center for Biophotonics, Institute of Medical Robotics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Tang
- Center for Biophotonics, Institute of Medical Robotics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Center for Biophotonics, Institute of Medical Robotics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Borui Xu
- Center for Biophotonics, Institute of Medical Robotics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Lu
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Qin
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chongzhao Wu
- Center for Biophotonics, Institute of Medical Robotics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Hubei, China.
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Gvazava N, Konings SC, Cepeda-Prado E, Skoryk V, Umeano CH, Dong J, Silva IAN, Ottosson DR, Leigh ND, Wagner DE, Klementieva O. Label-Free
High-Resolution Photothermal Optical Infrared
Spectroscopy for Spatiotemporal Chemical Analysis in Fresh, Hydrated
Living Tissues and Embryos. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145. [PMCID: PMC10655180 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Label-free chemical imaging of living and functioning systems is the holy grail of biochemical research. However, existing techniques often require extensive sample preparation to remove interfering molecules such as water, rendering many molecular imaging techniques unsuitable for in situ structural studies. Here, we examined freshly extracted tissue biopsies and living small vertebrates at submicrometer resolution using optical photothermal infrared (O-PTIR) microspectroscopy and demonstrated the following major advances: (1) O-PTIR can be used for submicrometer structural analysis of unprocessed, fully hydrated tissue biopsies extracted from diverse organs, including living brain and lung tissues. (2) O-PTIR imaging can be performed on living organisms, such as salamander embryos, without compromising their further development. (3) Using O-PTIR, we tracked the structural changes of amyloids in functioning brain tissues over time, observing the appearance of newly formed amyloids for the first time. (4) Amyloid structures appeared altered following standard fixation and dehydration procedures. Thus, we demonstrate that O-PTIR enables time-resolved submicrometer in situ investigation of chemical and structural changes in diverse biomolecules in their native conditions, representing a technological breakthrough for in situ molecular imaging of biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nika Gvazava
- Department
of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 22180 Lund, Sweden
- NanoLund, Lund University, 22180 Lund, Sweden
- Lund
Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sabine C. Konings
- Department
of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 22180 Lund, Sweden
- MultiPark, Lund University, 22180 Lund, Sweden
- NanoLund, Lund University, 22180 Lund, Sweden
| | - Efrain Cepeda-Prado
- Department
of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 22180 Lund, Sweden
- MultiPark, Lund University, 22180 Lund, Sweden
- Lund
Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Valeriia Skoryk
- Department
of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 22180 Lund, Sweden
- MultiPark, Lund University, 22180 Lund, Sweden
- NanoLund, Lund University, 22180 Lund, Sweden
| | - Chimezie H. Umeano
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine, Molecular Medicine
and Gene Therapy, 22184 Lund, Sweden
- Lund
Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jiao Dong
- NanoLund, Lund University, 22180 Lund, Sweden
- Lund
Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Iran A. N. Silva
- NanoLund, Lund University, 22180 Lund, Sweden
- Lund
Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Daniella Rylander Ottosson
- Department
of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 22180 Lund, Sweden
- MultiPark, Lund University, 22180 Lund, Sweden
- Lund
Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Nicholas D. Leigh
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine, Molecular Medicine
and Gene Therapy, 22184 Lund, Sweden
- Lund
Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Darcy Elizabeth Wagner
- Department
of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 22180 Lund, Sweden
- NanoLund, Lund University, 22180 Lund, Sweden
- Lund
Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Oxana Klementieva
- Department
of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 22180 Lund, Sweden
- MultiPark, Lund University, 22180 Lund, Sweden
- NanoLund, Lund University, 22180 Lund, Sweden
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3
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Andjelic S, Kreuzer M, Hawlina M, Lumi X. Characterization of Different Types of Epiretinal Proliferations by Synchrotron Radiation-Based Fourier Transform Infrared Micro-Spectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054834. [PMID: 36902265 PMCID: PMC10003457 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological tissue on the surface of the retina that can be of different etiology and pathogenesis can cause changes in the retina that have a direct consequence on vision. Tissues of different etiology and pathogenesis have different morphological structures and also different macromolecule compositions usually characteristic of specific diseases. In this study, we evaluated and compared biochemical differences among samples of three different types of epiretinal proliferations: idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERMi), membranes in proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVRm), and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDRm). The membranes were analyzed by using synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared micro-spectroscopy (SR-FTIR). We used the SR-FTIR micro-spectroscopy setup, where measurements were set to achieve a high resolution that was capable of showing clear biochemical spectra in biological tissue. We were able to identify differences between PVRm, PDRm, and ERMi in protein and lipid structure; collagen content and collagen maturity; differences in proteoglycan presence; protein phosphorylation; and DNA expression. Collagen showed the strongest expression in PDRm, lower expression in ERMi, and very low expression in PVRm. We also demonstrated the presence of silicone oil (SO) or polydimethylsiloxane in the structure of PVRm after SO endotamponade. This finding suggests that SO, in addition to its many benefits as an important tool in vitreoretinal surgery, could be involved in PVRm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofija Andjelic
- Eye Hospital, University Medical Centre, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martin Kreuzer
- CELLS-ALBA, Synchrotron Light Source, 08290 Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marko Hawlina
- Eye Hospital, University Medical Centre, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Xhevat Lumi
- Eye Hospital, University Medical Centre, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-15221911; Fax: +386-15221900
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Augustyniak K, Chrabaszcz K, Smeda M, Stojak M, Marzec KM, Malek K. High-Resolution Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopic Imaging for Detection of Lung Structures and Cancer-Related Abnormalities in a Murine Model. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 76:439-450. [PMID: 34076540 DOI: 10.1177/00037028211025540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Label-free molecular imaging is a promising utility to study tissues in terms of the identification of their compartments as well as chemical features and alterations induced by disease. The aim of this work was to assess if higher magnification of optics in the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) microscope coupled with the focal plane detector resulted in better resolution of lung structures and if the histopathological features correlated with clustering of spectral images. FT-IR spectroscopic imaging was performed on paraffinized lung tissue sections from mice with optics providing a total magnification of 61× and 36×. Then, IR images were subjected to unsupervised cluster analysis and, subsequently, cluster maps were compared with hematoxylin and eosin staining of the same tissue section. Based on these results, we observed minute features such as cellular compartments in single alveoli and bronchiole, blood cells and megakaryocytes in a vessel as well as atelectasis of the lung. In the case of the latter, differences in composition were also noted between the tissue from the non-cancerous and cancerous specimen. This study demonstrated the ability of high-definition FT-IR imaging to evaluate the chemical features of well-resolved lung structures that could complement the histological examination widely used in animal models of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marta Smeda
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Stojak
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna M Marzec
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamilla Malek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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Kuhar N, Nazeer SS, Kumar RV, Mukherjee G, Umapathy S. Infrared Microspectroscopy With Multivariate Analysis to Differentiate Oral Hyperplasia From Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Proof of Concept for Early Diagnosis. Lasers Surg Med 2021; 53:1435-1445. [PMID: 34058028 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Despite having numerous advances in therapeutics, mortality and morbidity due to oral cancer incidence are still very high. Early detection can improve the chances of survival in most patients. However, diagnosis at early stages can be challenging as premalignant conditions are usually asymptomatic. Currently, histological assessment remains the gold standard for diagnosis. Early diagnosis poses challenges to pathologists due to less severe morphological changes associated with early stages. Therefore, a fast and robust method of detection based on molecular changes is needed for early diagnosis. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIAL AND METHODS In the present study, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic imaging has been used to differentiate early-stage oral hyperplasia from adjacent normal (AN) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Hyperplasia is often considered as an initial event in the pathogenesis of oral cancer and OSCC is the most common advanced stage of malignancy. Differentiating normal versus hyperplasia and hyperplasia versus OSCC can remain quite challenging on occasion using conventional staining as the histological assessment is based on morphological changes. RESULTS Unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis (UHCA) has been performed on FTIR images of multiple tissues together that provided some degree of classification among tissue groups. The AN epithelium clustered distinctively using UHCA from both hyperplasia and grades 1 and 2 of OSCC. An increase in the content of DNA, denaturation of protein, and altered lipid structures were more clearly elucidated with spectral analysis. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates a simple strategy to differentiate early-stage oral hyperplasia from AN and OSCC using UHCA. This study also proposes a future alternative method where FTIR imaging can be used as a diagnostic tool for cancer at early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki Kuhar
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560 012, India
| | - Shaiju S Nazeer
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560 012, India.,Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Space Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695 547, India
| | - Rekha V Kumar
- Department of Pathology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560 029, India
| | - Geetashree Mukherjee
- Department of Pathology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560 029, India
| | - Siva Umapathy
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560 012, India.,Department of Instrumentation & Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India
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