1
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Manwar R, Kratkiewicz K, Mahmoodkalayeh S, Hariri A, Papadelis C, Hansen A, Pillers DAM, Gelovani J, Avanaki K. Development and characterization of transfontanelle photoacoustic imaging system for detection of intracranial hemorrhages and measurement of brain oxygenation: Ex-vivo. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2023; 32:100538. [PMID: 37575972 PMCID: PMC10413353 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2023.100538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
We have developed and optimized an imaging system to study and improve the detection of brain hemorrhage and to quantify oxygenation. Since this system is intended to be used for brain imaging in neonates through the skull opening, i.e., fontanelle, we called it, Transfontanelle Photoacoustic Imaging (TFPAI) system. The system is optimized in terms of optical and acoustic designs, thermal safety, and mechanical stability. The lower limit of quantification of TFPAI to detect the location of hemorrhage and its size is evaluated using in-vitro and ex-vivo experiments. The capability of TFPAI in measuring the tissue oxygenation and detection of vasogenic edema due to brain blood barrier disruption are demonstrated. The results obtained from our experimental evaluations strongly suggest the potential utility of TFPAI, as a portable imaging modality in the neonatal intensive care unit. Confirmation of these findings in-vivo could facilitate the translation of this promising technology to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayyan Manwar
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Karl Kratkiewicz
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, United States
| | | | - Ali Hariri
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Christos Papadelis
- Jane and John Justin Neurosciences Center, Cook Children’s Health Care System, Fort Worth, TX, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Anne Hansen
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - De-Ann M. Pillers
- Department of Pediatrics, UI Health Children’s Hospital of the University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Juri Gelovani
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, United States
- Dept. Radiology, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Kamran Avanaki
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, UI Health Children’s Hospital of the University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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2
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Ni R, Deán-Ben XL, Treyer V, Gietl A, Hock C, Klohs J, Nitsch RM, Razansky D. Coregistered transcranial optoacoustic and magnetic resonance angiography of the human brain. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:648-651. [PMID: 36723554 DOI: 10.1364/ol.475578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Imaging modalities capable of visualizing the human brain have led to major advances in neurology and brain research. Multi-spectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) has gained importance for studying cerebral function in rodent models due to its unique capability to map changes in multiple hemodynamic parameters and to directly visualize neural activity within the brain. The technique further provides molecular imaging capabilities that can facilitate early disease diagnosis and treatment monitoring. However, transcranial imaging of the human brain is hampered by acoustic attenuation and other distortions introduced by the skull. Here, we demonstrate non-invasive transcranial MSOT angiography of pial veins through the temporal bone of an adult healthy volunteer. Time-of-flight (TOF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were further acquired to facilitate anatomical registration and interpretation. The superior middle cerebral vein in the temporal cortex was identified in the MSOT images, matching its location observed in the TOF-MRA images. These initial results pave the way toward the application of MSOT in clinical brain imaging.
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3
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Mirg S, Turner KL, Chen H, Drew PJ, Kothapalli SR. Photoacoustic imaging for microcirculation. Microcirculation 2022; 29:e12776. [PMID: 35793421 PMCID: PMC9870710 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Microcirculation facilitates the blood-tissue exchange of nutrients and regulates blood perfusion. It is, therefore, essential in maintaining tissue health. Aberrations in microcirculation are potentially indicative of underlying cardiovascular and metabolic pathologies. Thus, quantitative information about it is of great clinical relevance. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a capable technique that relies on the generation of imaging contrast via the absorption of light and can image at micron-scale resolution. PAI is especially desirable to map microvasculature as hemoglobin strongly absorbs light and can generate a photoacoustic signal. This paper reviews the current state of the art for imaging microvascular networks using photoacoustic imaging. We further describe how quantitative information about blood dynamics such as the total hemoglobin concentration, oxygen saturation, and blood flow rate is obtained using PAI. We also discuss its importance in understanding key pathophysiological processes in neurovascular, cardiovascular, ophthalmic, and cancer research fields. We then discuss the current challenges and limitations of PAI and the approaches that can help overcome these limitations. Finally, we provide the reader with an overview of future trends in the field of PAI for imaging microcirculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Mirg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Kevin L. Turner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Haoyang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA,Center for Neural Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Patrick J. Drew
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA,Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA,Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA,Center for Neural Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Sri-Rajasekhar Kothapalli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA,Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA,Graduate Program in Acoustics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA,Center for Neural Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA,Corresponding author: Sri-Rajasekhar Kothapalli, 325 CBE Building, State College, PA, 16802, USA,
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4
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Tutorial on Development of 3D Vasculature Digital Phantoms for Evaluation of Photoacoustic Image Reconstruction Algorithms. PHOTONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics9080538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A synthetic phantom model is typically utilized to evaluate the initial performance of a photoacoustic image reconstruction algorithm. The characteristics of the phantom model (structural, optical, and acoustic) are required to be very similar to those of the biological tissue. Typically, generic two-dimensional shapes are used as imaging targets to calibrate reconstruction algorithms. However, these structures are not representative of complex biological tissue, and therefore the artifacts that exist in reconstructed images of biological tissue vasculature are ignored. Real data from 3D MRI/CT volumes can be extrapolated to create high-quality phantom models; however, these sometimes involve complicated pre-processing and mostly are challenging, due to the inaccessibility of these datasets or the requirement for approval to utilize the data. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a 3D tissue-mimicking phantom model consisting of different compartments with characteristics that can be easily modified. In this tutorial, we present an optimized development process of a generic 3D complex digital vasculature phantom model in Blender. The proposed workflow is such that an accurate and easily editable digital phantom can be developed. Other workflows for creating the same phantom will take much longer to set up and require more time to edit. We have made a few examples of editable 3D phantom models, which are publicly available to test and modify.
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5
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Abstract
Acoustic biosensors are widely used in physical, chemical, and biosensing applications. One of the major concerns in acoustic biosensing is the delicacy of the medium through which acoustic waves propagate and reach acoustic sensors. Even a small airgap diminishes acoustic signal strengths due to high acoustic impedance mismatch. Therefore, the presence of a coupling medium to create a pathway for an efficient propagation of acoustic waves is essential. Here, we have reviewed the chemical, physical, and acoustic characteristics of various coupling material (liquid, gel-based, semi-dry, and dry) and present a guide to determine a suitable application-specific coupling medium.
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6
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Lin L, Wang LV. The emerging role of photoacoustic imaging in clinical oncology. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2022; 19:365-384. [PMID: 35322236 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-022-00615-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Clinical oncology can benefit substantially from imaging technologies that reveal physiological characteristics with multiscale observations. Complementing conventional imaging modalities, photoacoustic imaging (PAI) offers rapid imaging (for example, cross-sectional imaging in real time or whole-breast scanning in 10-15 s), scalably high levels of spatial resolution, safe operation and adaptable configurations. Most importantly, this novel imaging modality provides informative optical contrast that reveals details on anatomical, functional, molecular and histological features. In this Review, we describe the current state of development of PAI and the emerging roles of this technology in cancer screening, diagnosis and therapy. We comment on the performance of cutting-edge photoacoustic platforms, and discuss their clinical applications and utility in various clinical studies. Notably, the clinical translation of PAI is accelerating in the areas of macroscopic and mesoscopic imaging for patients with breast or skin cancers, as well as in microscopic imaging for histopathology. We also highlight the potential of future developments in technological capabilities and their clinical implications, which we anticipate will lead to PAI becoming a desirable and widely used imaging modality in oncological research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lin
- Caltech Optical Imaging Laboratory, Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Lihong V Wang
- Caltech Optical Imaging Laboratory, Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA. .,Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
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7
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Mantri Y, Jokerst JV. Impact of skin tone on photoacoustic oximetry and tools to minimize bias. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:875-887. [PMID: 35284157 PMCID: PMC8884230 DOI: 10.1364/boe.450224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The major optical absorbers in tissue are melanin and oxy/deoxy-hemoglobin, but the impact of skin tone and pigmentation on biomedical optics is still not completely understood or adequately addressed. Melanin largely governs skin tone with higher melanin concentration in subjects with darker skin tones. Recently, there has been extensive debate on the bias of pulse oximeters when used with darker subjects. Photoacoustic (PA) imaging can measure oxygen saturation similarly as pulse oximeters and could have value in studying this bias. More importantly, it can deconvolute the signal from the skin and underlying tissue. Here, we studied the impact of skin tone on PA signal generation, depth penetration, and oximetry. Our results show that subjects with darker skin tones exhibit significantly higher PA signal at the skin surface, reduced penetration depth, and lower oxygen saturation compared to subjects with lighter skin tones. We then suggest a simple way to compensate for these signal differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yash Mantri
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jesse V. Jokerst
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Material Science Department, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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8
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Mahmoodkalayeh S, Kratkiewicz K, Manwar R, Shahbazi M, Ansari MA, Natarajan G, Asano E, Avanaki K. Wavelength and pulse energy optimization for detecting hypoxia in photoacoustic imaging of the neonatal brain: a simulation study. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:7458-7477. [PMID: 35003846 PMCID: PMC8713673 DOI: 10.1364/boe.439147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral hypoxia is a severe injury caused by oxygen deprivation to the brain. Hypoxia in the neonatal period increases the risk for the development of neurological disorders, including hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, cerebral palsy, periventricular leukomalacia, and hydrocephalus. It is crucial to recognize hypoxia as soon as possible because early intervention improves outcomes. Photoacoustic imaging, using at least two wavelengths, through a spectroscopic analysis, can measure brain oxygen saturation. Due to the spectral coloring effect arising from the dependency of optical properties of biological tissues to the wavelength of light, choosing the right wavelength-pair for efficient and most accurate oxygen saturation measurement and consequently quantifying hypoxia at a specific depth is critical. Using a realistic neonate head model and Monte Carlo simulations, we found practical wavelength-pairs that quantified regions with hypoxia most accurately at different depths down to 22 mm into the cortex neighboring the lateral ventricle. We also demonstrated, for the first time, that the accuracy of the sO2 measurement can be increased by adjusting the level of light energy for each wavelength-pair. Considering the growing interest in photoacoustic imaging of the brain, this work will assist in a more accurate use of photoacoustic spectroscopy and help in the clinical translation of this promising imaging modality. Please note that explaining the effect of acoustic aberration of the skull is not in the scope of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadreddin Mahmoodkalayeh
- Department of Physics, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
- These authors have contributed equally
| | - Karl Kratkiewicz
- Wayne State University, Bioengineering Department, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - Rayyan Manwar
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Meysam Shahbazi
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Ansari
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Girija Natarajan
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - Eishi Asano
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - Kamran Avanaki
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
- These authors have contributed equally
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9
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Matchynski JI, Manwar R, Kratkiewicz KJ, Madangopal R, Lennon VA, Makki KM, Reppen AL, Woznicki AR, Hope BT, Perrine SA, Conti AC, Avanaki K. Direct measurement of neuronal ensemble activity using photoacoustic imaging in the stimulated Fos-LacZ transgenic rat brain: A proof-of-principle study. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2021; 24:100297. [PMID: 34522608 PMCID: PMC8426561 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2021.100297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Measuring neuroactivity underlying complex behaviors facilitates understanding the microcircuitry that supports these behaviors. We have developed a functional and molecular photoacoustic tomography (F/M-PAT) system which allows direct imaging of Fos-expressing neuronal ensembles in Fos-LacZ transgenic rats with a large field-of-view and high spatial resolution. F/M-PAT measures the beta-galactosidase catalyzed enzymatic product of exogenous chromophore X-gal within ensemble neurons. We used an ex vivo imaging method in the Wistar Fos-LacZ transgenic rat, to detect neuronal ensembles in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) following cocaine administration or a shock-tone paired stimulus. Robust and selective F/M-PAT signal was detected in mPFC neurons after both conditions (compare to naive controls) demonstrating successful and direct detection of Fos-expressing neuronal ensembles using this approach. The results of this study indicate that F/M-PAT can be used in conjunction with Fos-LacZ rats to monitor neuronal ensembles that underlie a range of behavioral processes, such as fear learning or addiction.
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Key Words
- ANSI, American national standards institute
- AP, anterior-posterior
- Brain
- CNR, contrast-to-noise ratio
- Cocaine
- DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide
- DV, dorsal-ventral
- F/M-PAT, functional molecular photoacoustic tomography
- FOV, field-of-view
- Fear conditioning
- Fos
- GRIN, gradient-index
- IL, infralimbic cortex
- ML, medial-lateral
- Neuronal ensemble
- OCT, optical coherence tomography
- OPO, optical parametric oscillator
- PA, photoacoustic
- PBS, phosphate buffer saline
- PL, prelimbic cortex
- Photoacoustic imaging
- SNR, signal-to-noise ratio
- US, ultrasound
- X-gal
- X-gal, beta-D-galactosidase
- fMRI, functional magnetic resonance imaging
- mPFC, medial prefrontal cortex
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Affiliation(s)
- James I. Matchynski
- John D. Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Rayyan Manwar
- The Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Karl J. Kratkiewicz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Rajtarun Madangopal
- The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Veronica A. Lennon
- The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kassem M. Makki
- John D. Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Abbey L. Reppen
- John D. Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Bruce T. Hope
- The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shane A. Perrine
- John D. Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Alana C. Conti
- John D. Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kamran Avanaki
- The Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
- Corresponding author at: The Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA.
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10
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Photoacoustic imaging aided with deep learning: a review. Biomed Eng Lett 2021; 12:155-173. [DOI: 10.1007/s13534-021-00210-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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11
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Yang X, Chen YH, Xia F, Sawan M. Photoacoustic imaging for monitoring of stroke diseases: A review. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2021; 23:100287. [PMID: 34401324 PMCID: PMC8353507 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2021.100287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of death and disability after ischemic heart disease. However, there is lacking a non-invasive long-time monitoring technique for stroke diagnosis and therapy. The photoacoustic imaging approach reconstructs images of an object based on the energy excitation by optical absorption and its conversion to acoustic waves, due to corresponding thermoelastic expansion, which has optical resolution and acoustic propagation. This emerging functional imaging method is a non-invasive technique. Due to its precision, this method is particularly attractive for stroke monitoring purpose. In this paper, we review the achievements of this technology and its applications on stroke, as well as the development status in both animal and human applications. Also, various photoacoustic systems and multi-modality photoacoustic imaging are introduced as for potential clinical applications. Finally, the challenges of photoacoustic imaging for monitoring stroke are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China
- CenBRAIN Lab., School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yun-Hsuan Chen
- CenBRAIN Lab., School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fen Xia
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China
- CenBRAIN Lab., School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mohamad Sawan
- CenBRAIN Lab., School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China
- Corresponding author at: CenBRAIN Lab., School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China.
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12
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Na S, Wang LV. Photoacoustic computed tomography for functional human brain imaging [Invited]. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:4056-4083. [PMID: 34457399 PMCID: PMC8367226 DOI: 10.1364/boe.423707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The successes of magnetic resonance imaging and modern optical imaging of human brain function have stimulated the development of complementary modalities that offer molecular specificity, fine spatiotemporal resolution, and sufficient penetration simultaneously. By virtue of its rich optical contrast, acoustic resolution, and imaging depth far beyond the optical transport mean free path (∼1 mm in biological tissues), photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) offers a promising complementary modality. In this article, PACT for functional human brain imaging is reviewed in its hardware, reconstruction algorithms, in vivo demonstration, and potential roadmap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Na
- Caltech Optical Imaging Laboratory, Andrew
and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering,
California Institute of Technology, 1200
East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Lihong V. Wang
- Caltech Optical Imaging Laboratory, Andrew
and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering,
California Institute of Technology, 1200
East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Caltech Optical Imaging Laboratory,
Department of Electrical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard,
Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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13
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Wang X, Luo Y, Chen Y, Chen C, Yin L, Yu T, He W, Ma C. A Skull-Removed Chronic Cranial Window for Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Imaging of the Rodent Brain. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:673740. [PMID: 34135729 PMCID: PMC8200560 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.673740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging are emerging as powerful tools to study brain structures and functions. The skull introduces significant distortion and attenuation of the ultrasound signals deteriorating image quality. For biological studies employing rodents, craniotomy is often times performed to enhance image qualities. However, craniotomy is unsuitable for longitudinal studies, where a long-term cranial window is needed to prevent repeated surgeries. Here, we propose a mouse model to eliminate sound blockage by the top portion of the skull, while minimum physiological perturbation to the imaged object is incurred. With the new mouse model, no craniotomy is needed before each imaging experiment. The effectiveness of our method was confirmed by three imaging systems: photoacoustic computed tomography, ultrasound imaging, and photoacoustic mesoscopy. Functional photoacoustic imaging of the mouse brain hemodynamics was also conducted. We expect new applications to be enabled by the new mouse model for photoacoustic and ultrasound imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanhao Wang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwen Chen
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoyi Chen
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Yin
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tengfei Yu
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen He
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Ma
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Innovation Center for Future Chip, Beijing, China
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14
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Liang B, Wang S, Shen F, Liu QH, Gong Y, Yao J. Acoustic impact of the human skull on transcranial photoacoustic imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:1512-1528. [PMID: 33796369 PMCID: PMC7984784 DOI: 10.1364/boe.420084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
With balanced spatial resolution, imaging depth, and functional sensitivity, photoacoustic tomography (PAT) hold great promise for human brain imaging. However, the strong acoustic attenuation and aberration of the human skull (∼8 mm thick) are longstanding technical challenges for PAT of the human brain. In this work, we numerically investigated the impacts of the stratified human skull on photoacoustic wave propagation (i.e., the forward model) and PAT image formation (i.e., the inverse model). We simulated two representative transcranial PAT implementations: photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) and photoacoustic macroscopy (PAMac). In the forward model, we simulated the detailed photoacoustic wave propagation from a point or line source through a digital human skull. The wave attenuation, refraction, mode conversation, and reverberation were thoroughly investigated. In the inverse model, we reconstructed the transcranial PACT and PAMac images of a point or line target enclosed by the human skull. Our results demonstrate that transcranial PAMac suffers mainly from wave reverberation within the skull, leading to prolonged signal duration and reduced axial resolution. Transcranial PACT is more susceptible to the skull's acoustic distortion, mode conversion, and reverberation, which collectively lead to strong image artifacts and deteriorated spatial resolutions. We also found that PACT with a ring-shaped transducer array shows more tolerance of the skull's adverse impacts and can provide more accurate image reconstruction. Our results suggest that incorporating the skull's geometry and acoustic properties can improve transcranial PAT image reconstruction. We expect that our results have provided a more comprehensive understanding of the acoustic impact of the human skull on transcranial PAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyang Liang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Intelligentization, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
- National Key Laboratory on Vacuum Electronics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Shaomeng Wang
- National Key Laboratory on Vacuum Electronics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Fei Shen
- School of Electrical Engineering and Intelligentization, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Qing Huo Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Yubin Gong
- School of Electrical Engineering and Intelligentization, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
- National Key Laboratory on Vacuum Electronics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Junjie Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
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