1
|
Ma L, Luo K, Liu Z, Ji M. Stain-Free Histopathology with Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy. Anal Chem 2024; 96:7907-7925. [PMID: 38713830 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c02061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metasurfaces for Light Manipulation, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Kuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metasurfaces for Light Manipulation, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhijie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metasurfaces for Light Manipulation, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Minbiao Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metasurfaces for Light Manipulation, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sorrells JE, Yang L, Iyer RR, Chaney EJ, Renteria CA, Boppart SA. Programmable hyperspectral coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:2513-2516. [PMID: 38691757 DOI: 10.1364/ol.521864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Hyperspectral coherent Raman scattering microscopy provides a significant improvement in acquisition time compared to spontaneous Raman scattering yet still suffers from the time required to sweep through individual wavenumbers. To address this, we present the use of a pulse shaper with a 2D spatial light modulator for phase- and amplitude-based shaping of the Stokes beam to create programmable spectrally tailored excitation envelopes. This enables collection of useful spectral information in a more rapid and efficient manner.
Collapse
|
3
|
Iliopoulos F, Tu D, Pence IJ, Li X, Ghosh P, Luke MC, Raney SG, Rantou E, Evans CL. Determining topical product bioequivalence with stimulated Raman scattering microscopy. J Control Release 2024; 367:864-876. [PMID: 38346503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Generic drugs are essential for affordable medicine and improving accessibility to treatments. Bioequivalence (BE) is typically demonstrated by assessing a generic product's pharmacokinetics (PK) relative to a reference-listed drug (RLD). Accurately estimating cutaneous PK (cPK) at or near the site of action can be challenging for locally acting topical products. Certain cPK approaches are available for assessing local bioavailability (BA) in the skin. Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy has unique capabilities enabling continuous, high spatial and temporal resolution and quantitative imaging of drugs within the skin. In this paper, we developed an approach based on SRS and a polymer-based standard reference for the evaluation of topical product BA and BE in human skin ex vivo. BE assessment of tazarotene-containing formulations was achieved using cPK parameters obtained within different skin microstructures. The establishment of BE between the RLD and an approved generic product was successfully demonstrated. Interestingly, within the constraints of the current study design the results suggest similar BA between the tested gel formulation and the reference cream formulation, despite the differences in the formulation/dosage form. Another formulation containing polyethylene glycol as the vehicle was demonstrated to be not bioequivalent to the RLD. Compared to using the SRS approach without a standard reference, the developed approach enabled more consistent and reproducible results, which is crucial in BE assessment. The abundant information from the developed approach can help to systematically identify key areas of study design that will enable a better comparison of topical products and support an assessment of BE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fotis Iliopoulos
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown 02129, MA, USA
| | - Dandan Tu
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown 02129, MA, USA
| | - Isaac J Pence
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown 02129, MA, USA
| | - Xiaolei Li
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown 02129, MA, USA
| | - Priyanka Ghosh
- Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring 20993, MD, USA
| | - Markham C Luke
- Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring 20993, MD, USA
| | - Sam G Raney
- Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring 20993, MD, USA
| | - Elena Rantou
- Office of Biostatistics, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring 20993, MD, USA
| | - Conor L Evans
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown 02129, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wei Y, Pence IJ, Wiatrowski A, Slade JB, Evans CL. Quantitative analysis of drug tablet aging by fast hyper-spectral stimulated Raman scattering microscopy. Analyst 2024; 149:1436-1446. [PMID: 38050860 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01527k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical development of solid-state formulations requires testing active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and excipients for uniformity and stability. Solid-state properties such as component distribution and grain size are crucial factors that influence the dissolution profile, which greatly affect drug efficacy and toxicity, and can only be analyzed spatially by chemical imaging (CI) techniques. Current CI techniques such as near infrared microscopy and confocal Raman spectroscopy are capable of high chemical and spatial resolution but cannot achieve the measurement speeds necessary for integration into the pharmaceutical production and quality assurance processes. To fill this gap, we demonstrate fast chemical imaging by epi-detected sparse spectral sampling stimulated Raman scattering to quantify API and excipient degradation and distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiao Wei
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, 260 Longwood Ave, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Isaac J Pence
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA.
| | - Anna Wiatrowski
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA.
| | - Julia B Slade
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA.
| | - Conor L Evans
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Diaz S, McCamant DW. Diffuse Reflectance-Based Femtosecond Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy of Opaque Suspensions. Anal Chem 2023; 95:15856-15860. [PMID: 37852269 PMCID: PMC10620773 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
By augmentation of the collection optics utilized in transmission-based femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (FSRS), two novel diffuse reflectance-based femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (drFSRS) techniques were developed. These techniques were then used to collect the Raman spectra of opaque systems, those being cyclohexane-intercalated poly(tetrafluoroethylene) microbeads and ethanol in 1% intralipid solutions. The resulting drFSRS data from the cyclohexane:PTFE system show significant distortion of the depolarization ratio of the 803 cm-1 cyclohexane peak, indicating a loss of incident pump:probe polarization in a scattering environment. The drFSRS data from the ethanol in 1% intralipid solution demonstrate less signal strength but equal spectral resolution when compared to transmission-based FSRS of the same sample. The results presented in this Technical Note demonstrate the current capabilities of collecting stimulated Raman spectra of opaque systems using drFSRS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven
A. Diaz
- University of Rochester, Department of Chemistry Rochester, New York, New York 14534, United States
| | - David W. McCamant
- University of Rochester, Department of Chemistry Rochester, New York, New York 14534, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tan Y, Lin H, Cheng JX. Profiling single cancer cell metabolism via high-content SRS imaging with chemical sparsity. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg6061. [PMID: 37585522 PMCID: PMC10431717 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg6061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming in a subpopulation of cancer cells is a hallmark of tumor chemoresistance. However, single-cell metabolic profiling is difficult because of the lack of a method that can simultaneously detect multiple metabolites at the single-cell level. In this study, through hyperspectral stimulated Raman scattering (hSRS) imaging in the carbon-hydrogen (C-H) window and sparsity-driven hyperspectral image decomposition, we demonstrate a high-content hSRS (h2SRS) imaging approach that enables the simultaneous mapping of five major biomolecules, including proteins, carbohydrates, fatty acids, cholesterol, and nucleic acids at the single-cell level. h2SRS imaging of brain and pancreatic cancer cells under chemotherapy revealed acute and adapted chemotherapy-induced metabolic reprogramming and the unique metabolic features of chemoresistance. Our approach is expected to facilitate the discovery of therapeutic targets to combat chemoresistance. This study illustrates a high-content, label-free chemical imaging approach that measures metabolic profiles at the single-cell level and warrants further research on cellular metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Tan
- Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02155, USA
| | - Haonan Lin
- Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02155, USA
| | - Ji-Xin Cheng
- Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02155, USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02155, USA
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02155, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang E, Whitcomb LA, Chicco AJ, Wilson JW. Transient absorption spectroscopy and imaging of redox in muscle mitochondria. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:2103-2116. [PMID: 35519286 PMCID: PMC9045930 DOI: 10.1364/boe.452559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial redox is an important indicator of cell metabolism and health, with implications in cancer, diabetes, aging, neurodegenerative diseases, and mitochondrial disease. The most common method to observe redox of individual cells and mitochondria is through fluorescence of NADH and FAD+, endogenous cofactors serve as electron transport inputs to the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Yet this leaves out redox within the respiratory chain itself. To a degree, the missing information can be filled in by exogenous fluorophores, but at the risk of disturbed mitochondrial permeability and respiration. Here we show that variations in respiratory chain redox can be detected up by visible-wavelength transient absorption microscopy (TAM). In TAM, the selection of pump and probe wavelengths can provide multiphoton imaging contrast between non-fluorescent molecules. Here, we applied TAM with a pump at 520nm and probe at 450nm, 490nm, and 620nm to elicit redox contrast from mitochondrial respiratory chain hemeproteins. Experiments were performed with reduced and oxidized preparations of isolated mitochondria and whole muscle fibers, using mitochondrial fuels (malate, pyruvate, and succinate) to set up physiologically relevant oxidation levels. TAM images of muscle fibers were analyzed with multivariate curve resolution (MCR), revealing that the response at 620nm probe provides the best redox contrast and the most consistent response between whole cells and isolated mitochondria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erkang Wang
- Department of Electrical & Computer
Engineering, Colorado State University,
1373 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Luke A. Whitcomb
- Department of Biomedical Sciences,
Colorado State University, 1601 Campus
Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Adam J. Chicco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences,
Colorado State University, 1601 Campus
Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Jesse W. Wilson
- Department of Electrical & Computer
Engineering, Colorado State University,
1373 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering,
Colorado State University, 1301 Campus
Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Espinoza R, Wong B, Fu D. Real-Time, Two-Color Stimulated Raman Scattering Imaging of Mouse Brain for Tissue Diagnosis. JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS : JOVE 2022:10.3791/63484. [PMID: 35188120 PMCID: PMC8957265 DOI: 10.3791/63484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy has emerged as a powerful optical imaging technique for tissue diagnosis. In recent years, two-color SRS has been shown to be able to provide hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-equivalent images that allow fast and reliable diagnosis of brain cancer. Such capability has enabled exciting intraoperative cancer diagnosis applications. Two-color SRS imaging of tissue can be done with either a picosecond or femtosecond laser source. Femtosecond lasers have the advantage of enabling flexible imaging modes, including fast hyperspectral imaging and real-time, two-color SRS imaging. A spectral-focusing approach with chirped laser pulses is typically used with femtosecond lasers to achieve high spectral resolution. Two-color SRS acquisition can be realized with orthogonal modulation and lock-in detection. The complexity of pulse chirping, modulation, and characterization is a bottleneck for the widespread adoption of this method. This article provides a detailed protocol to demonstrate the implementation and optimization of spectral-focusing SRS and real-time, two-color imaging of mouse brain tissue in the epi-mode. This protocol can be used for a broad range of SRS imaging applications that leverage the high speed and spectroscopic imaging capability of SRS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian Wong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington
| | - Dan Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pence IJ, Evans CL. Translational biophotonics with Raman imaging: clinical applications and beyond. Analyst 2021; 146:6379-6393. [PMID: 34596653 PMCID: PMC8543123 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00954k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Clinical medicine continues to seek novel rapid non-invasive tools capable of providing greater insight into disease progression and management. Raman scattering based technologies constitute a set of tools under continuing development to address outstanding challenges spanning diagnostic medicine, surgical guidance, therapeutic monitoring, and histopathology. Here we review the mechanisms and clinical applications of Raman scattering, specifically focusing on high-speed imaging methods that can provide spatial context for translational biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac J Pence
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA.
| | - Conor L Evans
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA.
| |
Collapse
|