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Potapova EV, Zherebtsov EA, Shupletsov VV, Dremin VV, Kandurova KY, Mamoshin AV, Abramov AY, Dunaev AV. Detection of NADH and NADPH levels in vivo identifies shift of glucose metabolism in cancer to energy production. FEBS J 2024; 291:2674-2682. [PMID: 38311986 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Profound changes in the metabolism of cancer cells have been known for almost 100 years, and many aspects of these changes have continued to be actively studied and discussed. Differences in the results of various studies can be explained by the diversity of tumours, which have differing processes of energy metabolism, and by limitations in the methods used. Here, using fluorescence lifetime needle optical biopsy in a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) mouse model and patients with HCC, we measured reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) in control liver, and in HCC tumours and their adjacent regions. We found that NADH level (mostly responsible for energy metabolism) is increased in tumours but also in adjacent regions of the same liver. NADPH level is significantly decreased in the tumours of patients but increased in the HCC mouse model. However, in the ex vivo tumour slices of mouse HCC, reactive oxygen species production and glutathione level (both dependent on NADPH) were significantly suppressed. Thus, glucose-dependent NADH and NADPH production in tumours changed but with a more pronounced shift to energy production (NADH), rather than NADPH synthesis for redox balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V Potapova
- Research and Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, Russia
| | | | - Valery V Shupletsov
- Research and Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, Russia
| | - Viktor V Dremin
- Research and Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, Russia
- College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ksenia Y Kandurova
- Research and Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, Russia
| | - Andrian V Mamoshin
- Research and Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, Russia
- Orel Regional Clinical Hospital, Russia
| | - Andrey Y Abramov
- Research and Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, Russia
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Andrey V Dunaev
- Research and Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, Russia
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Herrando AI, Castillo-Martin M, Galzerano A, Fernández L, Vieira P, Azevedo J, Parvaiz A, Cicchi R, Shcheslavskiy VI, Silva PG, Lagarto JL. Dual excitation spectral autofluorescence lifetime and reflectance imaging for fast macroscopic characterization of tissues. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:3507-3522. [PMID: 38867800 PMCID: PMC11166421 DOI: 10.1364/boe.505220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Advancements in optical imaging techniques have revolutionized the field of biomedical research, allowing for the comprehensive characterization of tissues and their underlying biological processes. Yet, there is still a lack of tools to provide quantitative and objective characterization of tissues that can aid clinical assessment in vivo to enhance diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Here, we present a clinically viable fiber-based imaging system combining time-resolved spectrofluorimetry and reflectance spectroscopy to achieve fast multiparametric macroscopic characterization of tissues. An essential feature of the setup is its ability to perform dual wavelength excitation in combination with recording time-resolved fluorescence data in several spectral intervals. Initial validation of this bimodal system was carried out in freshly resected human colorectal cancer specimens, where we demonstrated the ability of the system to differentiate normal from malignant tissues based on their autofluorescence and reflectance properties. To further highlight the complementarity of autofluorescence and reflectance measurements and demonstrate viability in a clinically relevant scenario, we also collected in vivo data from the skin of a volunteer. Altogether, integration of these modalities in a single platform can offer multidimensional characterization of tissues, thus facilitating a deeper understanding of biological processes and potentially advancing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in various medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto I. Herrando
- Biophotonics Platform, Champalimaud Foundation, Avenida Brasilia, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
- Digestive Unit, Champalimaud Foundation, Avenida Brasilia, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Antonio Galzerano
- Digestive Unit, Champalimaud Foundation, Avenida Brasilia, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Laura Fernández
- Digestive Unit, Champalimaud Foundation, Avenida Brasilia, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Vieira
- Digestive Unit, Champalimaud Foundation, Avenida Brasilia, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Azevedo
- Digestive Unit, Champalimaud Foundation, Avenida Brasilia, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Amjad Parvaiz
- Digestive Unit, Champalimaud Foundation, Avenida Brasilia, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Riccardo Cicchi
- National Institute of Optics (CNR-INO), Largo Enrico Fermi 6, 50125 Florence, Italy
| | - Vladislav I. Shcheslavskiy
- Becker and Hickl GmbH, Nunsdorfer Ring 7-9, 12277 Berlin, Germany
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Minina and Pozharskogo Sq, 10/1, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Pedro G. Silva
- Biophotonics Platform, Champalimaud Foundation, Avenida Brasilia, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João L. Lagarto
- Biophotonics Platform, Champalimaud Foundation, Avenida Brasilia, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
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Bryanskaya EO, Vinokurov AY, Dolgikh AI, Dunaev AV, Angelova PR, Abramov AY. High levels of FAD autofluorescence indicate pathology preceding cell death. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130520. [PMID: 37952565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) autofluorescence from cells reports on the enzymatic activity which involves FAD as a cofactor. Most of the cellular FAD fluorescence comes from complex II of the electron transport chain in mitochondria and can be assessed with inhibitor analysis. The intensity of FAD autofluorescence is not homogeneous and vary between cells in tissue and in cell culture types. Using primary co-culture of neurons and astrocytes, and human skin fibroblasts we have found that very high FAD autofluorescence is a result of an overactivation of the mitochondrial complex II from ETC and from the activity of monoamine oxidases. Cells with high FAD autofluorescence were mostly intact and were not co-labelled with indicators for necrosis or apoptosis. However, cells with high FAD fluorescence showed activation of apoptosis and necrosis within 24 h after initial measurements. Thus, high level of FAD autofluorescence is an indicator of cell pathology and reveals an upcoming apoptosis and necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andrey V Dunaev
- Orel State University, 95 Komsomolskaya str, Orel 302026, Russia
| | - Plamena R Angelova
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
| | - Andrey Y Abramov
- Orel State University, 95 Komsomolskaya str, Orel 302026, Russia; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
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Kandurova KY, Sumin DS, Mamoshin AV, Potapova EV. Deconvolution of the fluorescence spectra measured through a needle probe to assess the functional state of the liver. Lasers Surg Med 2023; 55:690-701. [PMID: 37300892 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Currently, one of the most pressing issues for surgeons in the treatment of obstructive jaundice is the ability to assess the functional state of the liver and to detect and determine the degree of liver failure in a timely manner with simple and objective techniques. In this regard, the use of fluorescence spectroscopy method can be considered as one of the ways to improve the informativity of existing diagnostic algorithms in clinical practice and to introduce new diagnostic tools. Thus, the aim of the work was to study in vivo the functional state of liver parenchyma by the method of fluorescence spectroscopy implemented through a needle probe and assess the contribution of the main tissue fluorophores to reveal new diagnostic criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS We compared data from 20 patients diagnosed with obstructive jaundice and 11 patients without this syndrome. Measurements were performed using a fluorescence spectroscopy method at excitation wavelengths of 365 and 450 nm. Data were collected using a 1 mm fiber optic needle probe. The analysis was based on the comparison of the results of deconvolution with the combinations of Gaussian curves reflecting the contribution of the pure fluorophores in the liver tissues. RESULTS The results showed a statistically significant increase in the contribution of curves reflecting NAD(P)H fluorescence, bilirubin, and flavins in the group of patients with obstructive jaundice. This and the calculated redox ratio values indicated that the energy metabolism of the hepatocytes may have shifted to glycolysis due to hypoxia. An increase in vitamin A fluorescence was also observed. It may also serve as a marker of liver damage, indicating impaired vitamin A mobilization from the liver due to cholestasis. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained reflect changes associated with shifts in the content of the main fluorophores characterizing hepatocyte dysfunction caused by accumulation of bilirubin and bile acids and after disturbance of oxygen utilization. The contributions of NAD(P)H, flavins, and bilirubin as well as vitamin A can be used for further studies as promising diagnostic and prognostic markers for the course of liver failure. Further work will include collecting fluorescence spectroscopy data in patients with different clinical effects of obstructive jaundice on postoperative clinical outcome after biliary decompression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia Y Kandurova
- Research and Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, Orel, Russia
| | - Dmitry S Sumin
- Research and Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, Orel, Russia
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Orel Regional Clinical Hospital, Orel, Russia
| | - Andrian V Mamoshin
- Research and Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, Orel, Russia
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Orel Regional Clinical Hospital, Orel, Russia
| | - Elena V Potapova
- Research and Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, Orel, Russia
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Gooz M, Maldonado EN. Fluorescence microscopy imaging of mitochondrial metabolism in cancer cells. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1152553. [PMID: 37427141 PMCID: PMC10326048 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1152553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial metabolism is an important contributor to cancer cell survival and proliferation that coexists with enhanced glycolytic activity. Measuring mitochondrial activity is useful to characterize cancer metabolism patterns, to identify metabolic vulnerabilities and to identify new drug targets. Optical imaging, especially fluorescent microscopy, is one of the most valuable tools for studying mitochondrial bioenergetics because it provides semiquantitative and quantitative readouts as well as spatiotemporal resolution of mitochondrial metabolism. This review aims to acquaint the reader with microscopy imaging techniques currently used to determine mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), ATP and reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are major readouts of mitochondrial metabolism. We describe features, advantages, and limitations of the most used fluorescence imaging modalities: widefield, confocal and multiphoton microscopy, and fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIM). We also discus relevant aspects of image processing. We briefly describe the role and production of NADH, NADHP, flavins and various ROS including superoxide and hydrogen peroxide and discuss how these parameters can be analyzed by fluorescent microscopy. We also explain the importance, value, and limitations of label-free autofluorescence imaging of NAD(P)H and FAD. Practical hints for the use of fluorescent probes and newly developed sensors for imaging ΔΨm, ATP and ROS are described. Overall, we provide updated information about the use of microscopy to study cancer metabolism that will be of interest to all investigators regardless of their level of expertise in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gooz
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Eduardo N. Maldonado
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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Dremin V. Lesion Detection and Analysis Using Optical Imaging. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13091565. [PMID: 37174956 PMCID: PMC10177594 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13091565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The biomedical application of optical spectroscopy and imaging is currently an active, developing area of research, supported by recent technical progress in the development of light sources and detectors [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Dremin
- Research & Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, 302026 Orel, Russia
- College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
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Dunaev AV, Potapova EV, Loktionova Y, Bryanskaya EO, Kandurova KY, Novikova IN. Biomedical Photonics Methods in Solving Diagnostic Tasks. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2023; 56:332-336. [PMID: 36686581 PMCID: PMC9838328 DOI: 10.1007/s10527-023-10230-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Modern photonics methods are considered in relation to solving a number of diagnostic problems in practical medicine. The basic principles of the application of optical noninvasive diagnostic methods are described and examples are given: laser Doppler flowmetry, digital diaphanoscopy, Raman spectroscopy, spectrophotometry, time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, and video capillaroscopy. The advantages and prospects of using photonics methods in clinical practice, making it possible to detect various pathological conditions of biological tissues, including those at the early stages of diseases, are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. V. Dunaev
- Science and Technology Center for Biomedical Photonics, I. S. Turgenev Orel State University, Orel, Russia
| | - E. V. Potapova
- Science and Technology Center for Biomedical Photonics, I. S. Turgenev Orel State University, Orel, Russia
| | - Yu.I. Loktionova
- Department of Instrumentation, Metrology, and Certification, Science and Technology Center for Biomedical Photonics, I. S. Turgenev Orel State University, Orel, Russia
| | - E. O. Bryanskaya
- Science and Technology Center for Biomedical Photonics, I. S. Turgenev Orel State University, Orel, Russia
| | - K. Yu. Kandurova
- Department of Instrumentation, Metrology, and Certification, Science and Technology Center for Biomedical Photonics, I. S. Turgenev Orel State University, Orel, Russia
| | - I. N. Novikova
- Science and Technology Center for Biomedical Photonics, I. S. Turgenev Orel State University, Orel, Russia
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