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Hatami M, Nevozhay D, Singh M, Schill A, Boerner P, Aglyamov S, Sokolov K, Larin KV. Nanobomb optical coherence elastography in multilayered phantoms. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:5670-5681. [PMID: 38021113 PMCID: PMC10659790 DOI: 10.1364/boe.502576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Many tissues are composed of layered structures, and a better understanding of the changes in the layered tissue biomechanics can enable advanced guidance and monitoring of therapy. The advent of elastography using longitudinally propagating shear waves (LSWs) has created the prospect of a high-resolution assessment of depth-dependent tissue elasticity. Laser activation of liquid-to-gas phase transition of dye-loaded perfluorocarbon (PFC) nanodroplets (a.k.a., nanobombs) can produce highly localized LSWs. This study aims to leverage the potential of photoactivation of nanobombs to incudce LSWs with very high-frequency content in wave-based optical coherence elastography (OCE) to estimate the elasticity gradient with high resolution. In this work, we used multilayered tissue-mimicking phantoms to demonstrate that highly localized nanobomb (NB)-induced LSWs can discriminate depth-wise tissue elasticity gradients. The results show that the NB-induced LSWs rapidly change speed when transitioning between layers with different mechanical properties, resulting in an elasticity resolution of ∼65 µm. These results show promise for characterizing the elasticity of multilayer tissue with a fine resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hatami
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Dmitry Nevozhay
- Department of Imaging Physics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Manmohan Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Alexander Schill
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Paul Boerner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Salavat Aglyamov
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Konstantin Sokolov
- Department of Imaging Physics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Kirill V Larin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
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2
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Leartprapun N, Adie SG. Recent advances in optical elastography and emerging opportunities in the basic sciences and translational medicine [Invited]. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:208-248. [PMID: 36698669 PMCID: PMC9842001 DOI: 10.1364/boe.468932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Optical elastography offers a rich body of imaging capabilities that can serve as a bridge between organ-level medical elastography and single-molecule biophysics. We review the methodologies and recent developments in optical coherence elastography, Brillouin microscopy, optical microrheology, and photoacoustic elastography. With an outlook toward maximizing the basic science and translational clinical impact of optical elastography technologies, we discuss potential ways that these techniques can integrate not only with each other, but also with supporting technologies and capabilities in other biomedical fields. By embracing cross-modality and cross-disciplinary interactions with these parallel fields, optical elastography can greatly increase its potential to drive new discoveries in the biomedical sciences as well as the development of novel biomechanics-based clinical diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichaluk Leartprapun
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
- Present affiliation: Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Steven G. Adie
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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3
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Zvietcovich F, Larin KV. Wave-based optical coherence elastography: The 10-year perspective. PROGRESS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (BRISTOL, ENGLAND) 2022; 4:012007. [PMID: 35187403 PMCID: PMC8856668 DOI: 10.1088/2516-1091/ac4512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
After 10 years of progress and innovation, optical coherence elastography (OCE) based on the propagation of mechanical waves has become one of the major and the most studied OCE branches, producing a fundamental impact in the quantitative and nondestructive biomechanical characterization of tissues. Preceding previous progress made in ultrasound and magnetic resonance elastography; wave-based OCE has pushed to the limit the advance of three major pillars: (1) implementation of novel wave excitation methods in tissues, (2) understanding new types of mechanical waves in complex boundary conditions by proposing advance analytical and numerical models, and (3) the development of novel estimators capable of retrieving quantitative 2D/3D biomechanical information of tissues. This remarkable progress promoted a major advance in answering basic science questions and the improvement of medical disease diagnosis and treatment monitoring in several types of tissues leading, ultimately, to the first attempts of clinical trials and translational research aiming to have wave-based OCE working in clinical environments. This paper summarizes the fundamental up-to-date principles and categories of wave-based OCE, revises the timeline and the state-of-the-art techniques and applications lying in those categories, and concludes with a discussion on the current challenges and future directions, including clinical translation research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Zvietcovich
- University of Houston, Biomedical Engineering, Houston, TX, United States, 77204
| | - Kirill V. Larin
- University of Houston, Biomedical Engineering, Houston, TX, United States, 77204,
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Ferrara M, Lugano G, Sandinha MT, Kearns VR, Geraghty B, Steel DHW. Biomechanical properties of retina and choroid: a comprehensive review of techniques and translational relevance. Eye (Lond) 2021; 35:1818-1832. [PMID: 33649576 PMCID: PMC8225810 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-021-01437-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Studying the biomechanical properties of biological tissue is crucial to improve our understanding of disease pathogenesis. The biomechanical characteristics of the cornea, sclera and the optic nerve head have been well addressed with an extensive literature and an in-depth understanding of their significance whilst, in comparison, knowledge of the retina and choroid is relatively limited. Knowledge of these tissues is important not only to clarify the underlying pathogenesis of a wide variety of retinal and vitreoretinal diseases, including age-related macular degeneration, hereditary retinal dystrophies and vitreoretinal interface diseases but also to optimise the surgical handling of retinal tissues and, potentially, the design and properties of implantable retinal prostheses and subretinal therapies. Our aim with this article is to comprehensively review existing knowledge of the biomechanical properties of retina, internal limiting membrane (ILM) and the Bruch’s membrane–choroidal complex (BMCC), highlighting the potential implications for clinical and surgical practice. Prior to this we review the testing methodologies that have been used both in vitro, and those starting to be used in vivo to aid understanding of their results and significance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gaia Lugano
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Victoria R Kearns
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Brendan Geraghty
- Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - David H W Steel
- Sunderland Eye Infirmary, Sunderland, UK. .,Bioscience Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
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Yasukuni R, Minamino D, Iino T, Araki T, Takao K, Yamada S, Bessho Y, Matsui T, Hosokawa Y. Pulsed laser activated impulse response encoder (PLAIRE): sensitive evaluation of surface cellular stiffness on zebrafish embryos. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:1366-1374. [PMID: 33796359 PMCID: PMC7984775 DOI: 10.1364/boe.414338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical properties of cells and tissues closely link to their architectures and physiological functions. To obtain the mechanical information of submillimeter scale small biological objects, we recently focused on the object vibration responses when excited by a femtosecond laser-induced impulsive force. These responses are monitored by the motion of an AFM cantilever placed on top of a sample. In this paper, we examined the surface cellular stiffness of zebrafish embryos based on excited vibration forms in different cytoskeletal states. The vibration responses were more sensitive to their surface cellular stiffness in comparison to the Young's modulus obtained by a conventional AFM force curve measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Yasukuni
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Daiki Minamino
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Takanori Iino
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Takashi Araki
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kohei Takao
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Sohei Yamada
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Bessho
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Takaaki Matsui
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Yoichiroh Hosokawa
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
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Nabi G. Resurgence of Covid-19 pandemic: Challenging situation of economics vs. healthcare. Scott Med J 2021; 66:1-2. [PMID: 33541210 DOI: 10.1177/0036933020973913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Nabi
- Professor of Surgical Uro-oncology, Division of Imaging Science and Technology, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Scotland
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7
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Xu H, Luo ZP. Assessment of viscoelasticity of ex vivo bovine cartilage using Rayleigh wave method in the near-source and far-field region. J Biomech 2021; 116:110252. [PMID: 33485145 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cartilage viscoelasticity changes as cartilage degenerates. Hence, a cartilage viscoelasticity measurement could be an alternative to traditional imaging methods for osteoarthritis diagnosis. In a previous study, we confirmed the feasibility of viscoelasticity measurement in ex vivo bovine cartilage using the Lamb wave method. However, the wave speed-frequency curve of Lamb wave is totally nonlinear and the cartilage thickness could significantly affect the Lamb wave speed, making wave speed measurements and viscoelasticity inversion difficult. The objective of this study was to measure the cartilage viscoelasticity using the Rayleigh wave method (RWM). Rayleigh wave speed in the ex vivo bovine cartilage was measured, and exists only in the near-source and far-field region. The estimated cartilage elasticity was 0.66 ± 0.05 and 0.59 ± 0.07 MPa for samples 1 and 2, respectively; the estimated cartilage viscosity was 24.2 ± 0.7 and 27.1 ± 1.8 Pa·s for samples 1 and 2, respectively. These results were found to be highly reproducible, validating the feasibility of viscoelasticity measurement in ex vivo cartilage using the RWM. Current method of cartilage viscoelasticity measurement might be translated into in vivo application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Orthopedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China; Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Zong-Ping Luo
- Orthopedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China; Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China.
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Ultrasound Vibroelastography for Evaluation of Secondary Extremity Lymphedema: A Clinical Pilot Study. Ann Plast Surg 2020; 85:S92-S96. [PMID: 32530852 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000002448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphedema treatment is an ongoing challenge. It impacts quality of life due to pain, loss of range of motion of the extremity, and repeated episodes of cellulitis. Different modalities have been used to evaluate lymphedema; some are more error-prone and some are more invasive. However, these measurements are poorly standardized, and intrarater and interrater reliabilities are difficult to achieve. This pilot study aims to assess the feasibility of ultrasound vibroelastography for assessing patients with extremity lymphedema via measuring shear wave speeds of subcutaneous tissues. METHODS Patients with clinical and lymphoscintigraphic diagnosis of secondary lymphedema in the extremities without prior surgical treatment were included. A 0.1-s harmonic vibration was generated at three frequencies (100, 150, and 200 Hz) by the indenter of a handheld shaker on the skin. An ultrasound probe was used for noninvasively capturing of wave propagation in the subcutaneous tissue. Wave speeds were measured in the subcutaneous tissues of both the control and affected extremities. RESULTS A total of 11 female patients with secondary lymphedema in the extremities were enrolled in this study. The magnitudes of the wave speeds of the region of interest in the subcutaneous tissue at lymphedema sites in the upper extremity (3.9 ± 0.17 m/s, 5.96 ± 0.67 m/s, and 7.41 ± 1.09 m/s) were statistically higher than those of the control sites (2.1 ± 0.27 m/s, 2.93 ± 0.57 m/s, and 3.56 ± 0.76 m/s) at 100, 150, and 200 Hz (P < 0.05), and at 100 and 200 Hz (P < 0.05) between lymphedema (4.33 ± 0.35 m/s, 4.17 ± 1.00 m/s, and 4.56 ± 0.37 m/s) and controls sites (2.48 ± 0.43 m/s, 2.77 ± 0.55 m/s, and 3.06 ± 0.29 m/s) in the lower extremity. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary data suggest that ultrasound vibroelastography may be useful in the evaluation of secondary lymphedema and can be a valuable tool to noninvasively track treatment progress.
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9
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Hajjarian Z, Nadkarni SK. Tutorial on laser speckle rheology: technology, applications, and opportunities. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2020; 25:1-19. [PMID: 32358928 PMCID: PMC7195443 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.25.5.050801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The onset of several diseases is frequently marked with anomalous mechanical alteration of the affected tissue at the intersection of cells and their microenvironment. Therefore, mapping the micromechanical attributes of the tissues could enhance our understanding of the etiology of human disease, improve the diagnosis, and help stratify therapies that target these mechanical aberrations. AIM We review the tremendous opportunities offered through using optics for imaging the micromechanical properties, at length scales inaccessible to other modalities, in both basic research and clinical medicine. We specifically focus on laser speckle rheology (LSR), a technology that quantifies the mechanical properties of tissues in a rapid, noncontact manner. APPROACH In LSR, the shear viscoelastic modulus is measured from the time-variant speckle intensity fluctuations reflected off the tissue. The LSR technology is engineered and configured into several embodiments, including bench-top optical systems, endoscopes for minimally invasive procedures, portable point-of-care devices, and microscopes. RESULTS These technological nuances have primed the LSR for widespread applications in diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring, as demonstrated here, in cardiovascular disease, coagulation disorders, and tumor malignancies. CONCLUSION The fast-paced technological advancements, elaborated here, position the LSR as a competent candidate for many more exciting opportunities in basic research and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Hajjarian
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Seemantini K. Nadkarni
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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10
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Zhao L, Vanderlaan D, Yoon H, Liu J, Li C, Emelianov SY. Ultrafast ultrasound imaging of surface acoustic waves induced by laser excitation compared with acoustic radiation force. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:1810-1813. [PMID: 32236005 PMCID: PMC8957894 DOI: 10.1364/ol.383932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two generation mechanisms-optical perturbation and acoustic radiation force (ARF)-were investigated where high frame rate ultrasound imaging was used to track the propagation of induced SAWs. We compared ARF-induced SAWs with laser-induced SAWs generated by laser beam irradiation of the uniformly absorbing tissue-like viscoelastic phantom, where light was preferentially absorbed at the surface. We also compared the frequency content of SAWs generated by ARF versus pulsed laser light, using the same duration of excitation. Differences in the SAW bandwidth were expected because, in general, laser light can be focused into a smaller area. Finally, we compared wave generation and propagation when the wave's origin was below the surface. We also investigated the relationship between shear wave amplitude and optical fluence. The investigation reported here can potentially extend the applications of laser-induced SAW generation and imaging in life sciences and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyi Zhao
- Walter H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Don Vanderlaan
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Heechul Yoon
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Jingfei Liu
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Changhui Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Stanislav Y. Emelianov
- Walter H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
- Corresponding author:
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Li Y, Zhu J, Chen JJ, Yu J, Jin Z, Miao Y, Browne AW, Zhou Q, Chen Z. Simultaneously imaging and quantifying in vivo mechanical properties of crystalline lens and cornea using optical coherence elastography with acoustic radiation force excitation. APL PHOTONICS 2019; 4:106104. [PMID: 32309636 PMCID: PMC7164808 DOI: 10.1063/1.5118258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The crystalline lens and cornea comprise the eye's optical system for focusing light in human vision. The changes in biomechanical properties of the lens and cornea are closely associated with common diseases, including presbyopia and cataract. Currently, most in vivo elasticity studies of the anterior eye focus on the measurement of the cornea, while lens measurement remains challenging. To better understand the anterior segment of the eye, we developed an optical coherence elastography system utilizing acoustic radiation force excitation to simultaneously assess the elasticities of the crystalline lens and the cornea in vivo. A swept light source was integrated into the system to provide an enhanced imaging range that covers both the lens and the cornea. Additionally, the oblique imaging approach combined with orthogonal excitation also improved the image quality. The system was tested through first ex vivo and then in vivo experiments using a rabbit model. The elasticities of corneal and lens tissue in an excised normal whole-globe and a cold cataract model were measured to reveal that cataractous lenses have a higher Young's modulus. Simultaneous in vivo elasticity measurements of the lens and cornea were performed in a rabbit model to demonstrate the correlations between elasticity and intraocular pressure and between elasticity and age. To the best of our knowledge, we demonstrated the first in vivo elasticity of imaging of both the lens and cornea using acoustic radiation force-optical coherence elastography, thereby providing a potential powerful clinical tool to advance ophthalmic research in disorders affecting the lens and the cornea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92612, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92617, USA
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92612, USA
| | - Jason J. Chen
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92612, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92617, USA
| | - Junxiao Yu
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92612, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92617, USA
| | - Zi Jin
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92612, USA
| | - Yusi Miao
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92612, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92617, USA
| | - Andrew W. Browne
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92617, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92617, USA
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Qifa Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology and Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
- Roski Eye Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90007, USA
| | - Zhongping Chen
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92612, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92617, USA
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Leartprapun N, Lin Y, Adie SG. Microrheological quantification of viscoelastic properties with photonic force optical coherence elastography. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:22615-22630. [PMID: 31510549 PMCID: PMC6825604 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.022615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Photonic force optical coherence elastography (PF-OCE) is a new approach for volumetric characterization of microscopic mechanical properties of three-dimensional viscoelastic medium. It is based on measurements of the complex mechanical response of embedded micro-beads to harmonically modulated radiation-pressure force from a weakly-focused beam. Here, we utilize the Generalized Stokes-Einstein relation to reconstruct local complex shear modulus in polyacrylamide gels by combining PF-OCE measurements of bead mechanical responses and experimentally measured depth-resolved radiation-pressure force profile of our forcing beam. Data exclusion criteria for quantitative PF-OCE based on three noise-related parameters were identified from the analysis of measurement noise at key processing steps. Shear storage modulus measured by quantitative PF-OCE was found to be in good agreement with standard shear rheometry, whereas shear loss modulus was in agreement with previously published atomic force microscopy results. The analysis and results presented here may serve to inform practical, application-specific implementations of PF-OCE, and establish the technique as a viable tool for quantitative mechanical microscopy.
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13
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Liu CH, Nevozhay D, Zhang H, Das S, Schill A, Singh M, Aglyamov S, Sokolov KV, Larin KV. Longitudinal elastic wave imaging using nanobomb optical coherence elastography. OPTICS LETTERS 2019; 44:3162-3165. [PMID: 31199406 PMCID: PMC6805140 DOI: 10.1364/ol.44.003162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Wave-based optical coherence elastography (OCE) is a rapidly emerging technique for elasticity assessment of tissues having high displacement sensitivity and simple implementation. However, most current noncontact wave excitation techniques are unable to target a specific tissue site in 3D and rely on transversal scanning of the imaging beam. Here, we demonstrate that dye-loaded perfluorocarbon nanoparticles (nanobombs) excited by a pulsed laser can produce localized axially propagating longitudinal shear waves while adhering to the laser safety limit. A phase-correction method was developed and implemented to perform sensitive nanobomb elastography using a ∼1.5 MHz Fourier domain mode-locking laser. The nanobomb activation was also monitored by detecting photoacoustic signals. The highly localized elastic waves detected by the nanobomb OCE suggest the possibility of high-resolution 3D elastographic imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hao Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Texas, 77204, USA
| | - Dmitry Nevozhay
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690090, Russian Federation
| | - Hongqiu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Texas, 77204, USA
| | - Susobhan Das
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Texas, 77204, USA
| | - Alexander Schill
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Texas, 77204, USA
| | - Manmohan Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Texas, 77204, USA
| | - Salavat Aglyamov
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Texas, 77204, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Konstantin V. Sokolov
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Kirill V. Larin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Texas, 77204, USA
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14
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Moon C, Smyth HDC, Watts AB, Williams RO. Delivery Technologies for Orally Inhaled Products: an Update. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:117. [PMID: 30783904 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1314-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Orally inhaled products have well-known benefits. They allow for effective local administration of many drugs for the treatment of pulmonary disease, and they allow for rapid absorption and avoidance of first-pass metabolism of several systemically acting drugs. Several challenges remain, however, such as dosing limitations, low and variable deposition of the drug in the lungs, and high drug deposition in the oropharynx region. These challenges have stimulated the development of new delivery technologies. Both formulation improvements and new device technologies have been developed through an improved understanding of the mechanisms of aerosolization and lung deposition. These new advancements in formulations have enabled improved aerosolization by controlling particle properties such as density, size, shape, and surface energy. New device technologies emerging in the marketplace focus on minimizing patient errors, expanding the range of inhaled drugs, improving delivery efficiency, increasing dose consistency and dosage levels, and simplifying device operation. Many of these new technologies have the potential to improve patient compliance. This article reviews how new delivery technologies in the form of new formulations and new devices enhance orally inhaled products.
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15
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Zhu J, He X, Chen Z. Acoustic radiation force optical coherence elastography for elasticity assessment of soft tissues. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY REVIEWS 2019; 54:457-481. [PMID: 31749516 PMCID: PMC6867804 DOI: 10.1080/05704928.2018.1467436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Biomechanical properties of soft tissues are important indicators of tissue functions which can be used for clinical diagnosis and disease monitoring. Elastography, incorporating the principles of elasticity measurements into imaging modalities, provides quantitative assessment of elastic properties of biological tissues. Benefiting from high-resolution, noninvasive and three-dimensional optical coherence tomography (OCT), optical coherence elastography (OCE) is an emerging optical imaging modality to characterize and map biomechanical properties of soft tissues. Recently, acoustic radiation force (ARF) OCE has been developed for elasticity measurements of ocular tissues, detection of vascular lesions and monitoring of blood coagulation based on remote and noninvasive ARF excitation to both internal and superficial tissues. Here, we describe the advantages of the ARF-OCE technique, the measurement methods in ARF-OCE, the applications in biomedical detection, current challenges and advances. ARF-OCE technology has the potential to become a powerful tool for in vivo elasticity assessment of biological samples in a non-contact, non-invasive and high-resolution nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Zhu
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92612, USA
| | - Xingdao He
- Key Laboratory of Nondestructive Test (Ministry of Education), Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Zhongping Chen
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92612, USA
- Key Laboratory of Nondestructive Test (Ministry of Education), Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
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16
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Photonic force optical coherence elastography for three-dimensional mechanical microscopy. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2079. [PMID: 29802258 PMCID: PMC5970204 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04357-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical tweezers are an invaluable tool for non-contact trapping and micro-manipulation, but their ability to facilitate high-throughput volumetric microrheology of biological samples for mechanobiology research is limited by the precise alignment associated with the excitation and detection of individual bead oscillations. In contrast, radiation pressure from a low-numerical aperture optical beam can apply transversely localized force over an extended depth range. Here we present photonic force optical coherence elastography (PF-OCE), leveraging phase-sensitive interferometric detection to track sub-nanometer oscillations of beads, embedded in viscoelastic hydrogels, induced by modulated radiation pressure. Since the displacements caused by ultra-low radiation-pressure force are typically obscured by absorption-mediated thermal effects, mechanical responses of the beads were isolated after independent measurement and decoupling of the photothermal response of the hydrogels. Volumetric imaging of bead mechanical responses in hydrogels with different agarose concentrations by PF-OCE was consistent with bulk mechanical characterization of the hydrogels by shear rheometry.
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17
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Liu CH, Nevozhay D, Schill A, Singh M, Das S, Nair A, Han Z, Aglyamov S, Larin KV, Sokolov KV. Nanobomb optical coherence elastography. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:2006-2009. [PMID: 29714732 PMCID: PMC5973512 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.002006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Wave-based optical elastography is rapidly emerging as a powerful technique for quantifying tissue biomechanical properties due to its noninvasive nature and high displacement sensitivity. However, current approaches are limited in their ability to produce high-frequency waves and highly localized mechanical stress. In this Letter, we demonstrate that the rapid liquid-to-gas phase transition of dye-loaded perfluorocarbon nanodroplets ("nanobombs") initiated by a pulsed laser can produce highly localized, high-frequency, and broadband elastic waves. The waves were detected by an ultra-fast line-field low-coherence holography system. For comparison, we also excited waves using a focused micro-air-pulse. Results from tissue-mimicking phantoms showed that the nanobombs produced elastic waves with frequencies up to ∼9 kHz, which was much greater than the ∼2 kHz waves excited by the air-pulse. Consequently, the nanobombs enabled more accurate quantification of sample viscoelasticity. Combined with their potential for functionalization, the nanobombs show promise for accurate and highly specific noncontact all-optical elastography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hao Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Texas, 77204, USA
| | - Dmitry Nevozhay
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690090, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Schill
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Texas, 77204, USA
| | - Manmohan Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Texas, 77204, USA
| | - Susobhan Das
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Texas, 77204, USA
| | - Achuth Nair
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Texas, 77204, USA
| | - Zhaolong Han
- School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, P. R. China
| | - Salavat Aglyamov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Texas, 77204, USA
| | - Kirill V. Larin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Texas, 77204, USA
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics, Tomsk State University, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin V. Sokolov
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Texas, 77030, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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18
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Zhou K, Le N, Huang Z, Li C. High-intensity-focused ultrasound and phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography for high resolution surface acoustic wave elastography. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2018; 11. [PMID: 28700131 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Elastography has the ability of quantitatively evaluating the mechanical properties of soft tissue; thus it is helpful for diagnosis and treatment monitoring of many diseases, for example, skin diseases. Surface acoustic waves (SAWs) have been proven to be a non-invasive, non-destructive method for accurate characterization of tissue elastic properties. Current SAW elastography using high-energy laser pulse or mechanical shaker still have some problems. In order to improve SAW elastography in medical application, a new technique was proposed in this paper, which combines high-intensity-focused ultrasound as a SAWs impulse inducer and phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography as a SAWs detector. A 2% agar-agar phantom and ex-vivo porcine skin were tested. The data were processed by a new algorithm based on the Fourier analysis. The results show that the proposed method has the capability of quantifying the elastic properties of soft tissue-mimicking materials. The lateral resolution of the elastogram has been significantly improved and the different layers in heterogeneous material could also been distinguished. Our improved technique of SAW elastography has a large potential to be widely applied in clinical use for skin disease diagnosis and treatment monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanheng Zhou
- School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Nhan Le
- School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Zhihong Huang
- School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Chunhui Li
- School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
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19
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Zhang X, Zhou B, Kalra S, Bartholmai B, Greenleaf J, Osborn T. An Ultrasound Surface Wave Technique for Assessing Skin and Lung Diseases. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2018; 44:321-331. [PMID: 29195756 PMCID: PMC5743597 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multi-organ connective tissue disease characterized by immune dysregulation and organ fibrosis. Severe organ involvement, especially of the skin and lung, is the cause of morbidity and mortality in SSc. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) includes multiple lung disorders in which the lung tissue is fibrotic and stiffened. The purpose of this study was to translate ultrasound surface wave elastography (USWE) for assessing patients with SSc and/or ILD via measuring surface wave speeds of both skin and superficial lung tissue. Forty-one patients with both SSc and ILD and 30 healthy patients were enrolled in this study. An external harmonic vibration was used to generate the wave propagation on the skin or lung. Three excitation frequencies of 100, 150 and 200 Hz were used. An ultrasound probe was used to measure the wave propagation in the tissue non-invasively. Surface wave speeds were measured on the forearm and upper arm of both left and right arm, as well as the upper and lower lungs, through six intercostal spaces of patients and healthy patients. Viscoelasticity of the skin was calculated by the wave speed dispersion with frequency using the Voigt model. The magnitudes of surface wave speed and viscoelasticity of patients' skin were significantly higher than those of healthy patients (p <0.0001) for each location and each frequency. The surface wave speeds of patients' lung were significantly higher than those of healthy patients (p <0.0001) for each location and each frequency. USWE is a non-invasive and non-ionizing technique for measuring both skin and lung surface wave speed and may be useful for quantitative assessment of SSc and/or ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
| | - Boran Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sanjay Kalra
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - James Greenleaf
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Thomas Osborn
- Department of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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20
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Larin KV, Sampson DD. Optical coherence elastography - OCT at work in tissue biomechanics [Invited]. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:1172-1202. [PMID: 28271011 PMCID: PMC5330567 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.001172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Optical coherence elastography (OCE), as the use of OCT to perform elastography has come to be known, began in 1998, around ten years after the rest of the field of elastography - the use of imaging to deduce mechanical properties of tissues. After a slow start, the maturation of OCT technology in the early to mid 2000s has underpinned a recent acceleration in the field. With more than 20 papers published in 2015, and more than 25 in 2016, OCE is growing fast, but still small compared to the companion fields of cell mechanics research methods, and medical elastography. In this review, we describe the early developments in OCE, and the factors that led to the current acceleration. Much of our attention is on the key recent advances, with a strong emphasis on future prospects, which are exceptionally bright.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V Larin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Blvd., Houston, Texas 77204-5060, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA;
| | - David D Sampson
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation & Analysis, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia;
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21
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Nguyen TM, Zorgani A, Lescanne M, Boccara C, Fink M, Catheline S. Diffuse shear wave imaging: toward passive elastography using low-frame rate spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:126013. [PMID: 27999863 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.12.126013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can map the stiffness of biological tissue by imaging mechanical perturbations (shear waves) propagating in the tissue. Most shear wave elastography (SWE) techniques rely on active shear sources to generate controlled displacements that are tracked at ultrafast imaging rates. Here, we propose a noise-correlation approach to retrieve stiffness information from the imaging of diffuse displacement fields using low-frame rate spectral-domain OCT. We demonstrated the method on tissue-mimicking phantoms and validated the results by comparison with classic ultrafast SWE. Then we investigated the in vivo feasibility on the eye of an anesthetized rat by applying noise correlation to naturally occurring displacements. The results suggest a great potential for passive elastography based on the detection of natural pulsatile motions using conventional spectral-domain OCT systems. This would facilitate the transfer of OCT-elastography to clinical practice, in particular, in ophthalmology or dermatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu-Mai Nguyen
- Institut Langevin Ondes et Images, ESPCI Paris, Université Paris-Sciences-Lettres, CNRS UMR 7587, Inserm U979-1 rue Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ali Zorgani
- Laboratory of Therapeutic Applications of Ultrasound, Inserm U1032-151 cours Albert Thomas, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Maxime Lescanne
- Laboratory of Therapeutic Applications of Ultrasound, Inserm U1032-151 cours Albert Thomas, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Claude Boccara
- Institut Langevin Ondes et Images, ESPCI Paris, Université Paris-Sciences-Lettres, CNRS UMR 7587, Inserm U979-1 rue Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Mathias Fink
- Institut Langevin Ondes et Images, ESPCI Paris, Université Paris-Sciences-Lettres, CNRS UMR 7587, Inserm U979-1 rue Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Stefan Catheline
- Laboratory of Therapeutic Applications of Ultrasound, Inserm U1032-151 cours Albert Thomas, 69003 Lyon, France
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22
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Grasland-Mongrain P, Lu Y, Lesage F, Catheline S, Cloutier G. Generation of Shear Waves by Laser in Soft Media in the Ablative and Thermoelastic Regimes. APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 2016; 109:2219011-2219015. [PMID: 28090117 PMCID: PMC5226822 DOI: 10.1063/1.4968538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the generation of elastic shear waves in a soft medium using a laser beam. Our experiments show two different regimes depending on laser energy. Physical modeling of the underlying phenomena reveals a thermoelastic regime caused by a local dilatation resulting from temperature increase, and an ablative regime caused by a partial vaporization of the medium by the laser. Computed theoretical displacements are close to experimental measurements. A numerical study based on the physical modeling gives propagation patterns comparable to those generated experimentally. These results provide a physical basis for the feasibility of a shear wave elastography technique (a technique which measures a soft solid stiffness from shear wave propagation) by using a laser beam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pol Grasland-Mongrain
- Laboratory of Biorheology and Medical Ultrasonics, Montreal Hospital Research Center, Montreal (QC), H1X0A9, Canada
| | - Yuankang Lu
- Laboratory of Biorheology and Medical Ultrasonics, Montreal Hospital Research Center, Montreal (QC), H1X0A9, Canada; Departement of Electrical Engineering, École Polytechnique of Montreal, Montreal (QC), H3C3A7, Canada
| | - Frederic Lesage
- Departement of Electrical Engineering, École Polytechnique of Montreal, Montreal (QC), H3C3A7, Canada; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, École Polytechnique and University of Montreal, Montreal (QC), H3T1J4, Canada
| | - Stefan Catheline
- Laboratory of Therapeutic Applications of Ultrasound, Inserm u1032, Inserm, Lyon, F-69003, France
| | - Guy Cloutier
- Laboratory of Biorheology and Medical Ultrasonics, Montreal Hospital Research Center, Montreal (QC), H1X0A9, Canada; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, École Polytechnique and University of Montreal, Montreal (QC), H3T1J4, Canada; Departement of Radiology, Radio-oncology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal (QC), H3C3J7, Canada
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23
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3D mapping of elastic modulus using shear wave optical micro-elastography. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35499. [PMID: 27762276 PMCID: PMC5071855 DOI: 10.1038/srep35499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Elastography provides a powerful tool for histopathological identification and clinical diagnosis based on information from tissue stiffness. Benefiting from high resolution, three-dimensional (3D), and noninvasive optical coherence tomography (OCT), optical micro-elastography has the ability to determine elastic properties with a resolution of ~10 μm in a 3D specimen. The shear wave velocity measurement can be used to quantify the elastic modulus. However, in current methods, shear waves are measured near the surface with an interference of surface waves. In this study, we developed acoustic radiation force (ARF) orthogonal excitation optical coherence elastography (ARFOE-OCE) to visualize shear waves in 3D. This method uses acoustic force perpendicular to the OCT beam to excite shear waves in internal specimens and uses Doppler variance method to visualize shear wave propagation in 3D. The measured propagation of shear waves agrees well with the simulation results obtained from finite element analysis (FEA). Orthogonal acoustic excitation allows this method to measure the shear modulus in a deeper specimen which extends the elasticity measurement range beyond the OCT imaging depth. The results show that the ARFOE-OCE system has the ability to noninvasively determine the 3D elastic map.
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24
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Li S, Cheng Y, Eckersley RJ, Elson DS, Tang MX. Dual shear wave induced laser speckle contrast signal and the improvement in shear wave speed measurement. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 6:1954-62. [PMID: 26114021 PMCID: PMC4473736 DOI: 10.1364/boe.6.001954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Shear wave speed is quantitatively related to tissue viscoelasticity. Previously we reported shear wave tracking at centimetre depths in a turbid optical medium using laser speckle contrast detection. Shear wave progression modulates displacement of optical scatterers and therefore modulates photon phase and changes the laser speckle patterns. Time-resolved charge-coupled device (CCD)-based speckle contrast analysis was used to track shear waves and measure the time-of-flight of shear waves for speed measurement. In this manuscript, we report a new observation of the laser speckle contrast difference signal for dual shear waves. A modulation of CCD speckle contrast difference was observed and simulation reproduces the modulation pattern, suggesting its origin. Both experimental and simulation results show that the dual shear wave approach generates an improved definition of temporal features in the time-of-flight optical signal and an improved signal to noise ratio with a standard deviation less than 50% that of individual shear waves. Results also show that dual shear waves can correct the bias of shear wave speed measurement caused by shear wave reflections from elastic boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Li
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ,
UK
| | - Yi Cheng
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ,
UK
| | - Robert J Eckersley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, King’s College London, London, SE1 7EH,
UK
| | - Daniel S Elson
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ,
UK
| | - Meng-Xing Tang
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ,
UK
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25
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Wang S, Larin KV. Optical coherence elastography for tissue characterization: a review. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2015; 8:279-302. [PMID: 25412100 PMCID: PMC4410708 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201400108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Optical coherence elastography (OCE) represents the frontier of optical elasticity imaging techniques and focuses on the micro-scale assessment of tissue biomechanics in 3D that is hard to achieve with traditional elastographic methods. Benefit from the advancement of optical coherence tomography, and driven by the increasing requirements in nondestructive biomechanical characterization, this emerging technique recently has experienced a rapid development. In this paper, we start with the description of the mechanical contrast that has been employed by OCE and review the state-of-the-art techniques based on the reported applications and discuss the current technical challenges, emphasizing the unique role of OCE in tissue mechanical characterization. The position of OCE among other elastography techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Blvd., Houston, Texas, 77204-5060, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of medicine, one Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
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26
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Wang S, Larin KV. Optical coherence elastography for tissue characterization: a review. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2015. [PMID: 25412100 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.v8.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Optical coherence elastography (OCE) represents the frontier of optical elasticity imaging techniques and focuses on the micro-scale assessment of tissue biomechanics in 3D that is hard to achieve with traditional elastographic methods. Benefit from the advancement of optical coherence tomography, and driven by the increasing requirements in nondestructive biomechanical characterization, this emerging technique recently has experienced a rapid development. In this paper, we start with the description of the mechanical contrast that has been employed by OCE and review the state-of-the-art techniques based on the reported applications and discuss the current technical challenges, emphasizing the unique role of OCE in tissue mechanical characterization. The position of OCE among other elastography techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Blvd., Houston, Texas, 77204-5060, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of medicine, one Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
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27
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Es'haghian S, Kennedy KM, Gong P, Sampson DD, McLaughlin RA, Kennedy BF. Optical palpation in vivo: imaging human skin lesions using mechanical contrast. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2015; 20:16013. [PMID: 25588164 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.20.1.016013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the first application of the recently proposed method of optical palpation to in vivo imaging of human skin. Optical palpation is a tactile imaging technique that probes the spatial variation of a sample's mechanical properties by producing an en face map of stress measured at the sample surface. This map is determined from the thickness of a translucent, compliant stress sensor placed between a loading element and the sample and is measured using optical coherence tomography. We assess the performance of optical palpation using a handheld imaging probe on skin-mimicking phantoms, and demonstrate its use on human skin lesions. Our results demonstrate the capacity of optical palpation to delineate the boundaries of lesions and to map the mechanical contrast between lesions and the surrounding normal skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaghayegh Es'haghian
- The University of Western Australia, School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Kelsey M Kennedy
- The University of Western Australia, School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Peijun Gong
- The University of Western Australia, School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - David D Sampson
- The University of Western Australia, School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, AustraliabThe University of Western Australia, Centre for Micr
| | - Robert A McLaughlin
- The University of Western Australia, School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Brendan F Kennedy
- The University of Western Australia, School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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28
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Ahmad A, Kim J, Sobh NA, Shemonski ND, Boppart SA. Magnetomotive optical coherence elastography using magnetic particles to induce mechanical waves. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 5:2349-61. [PMID: 25071969 PMCID: PMC4102369 DOI: 10.1364/boe.5.002349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic particles are versatile imaging agents that have found wide spread applicability in diagnostic, therapeutic, and rheology applications. In this study, we demonstrate that mechanical waves generated by a localized inclusion of magnetic nanoparticles can be used for assessment of the tissue viscoelastic properties using magnetomotive optical coherence elastography. We show these capabilities in tissue mimicking elastic and viscoelastic phantoms and in biological tissues by measuring the shear wave speed under magnetomotive excitation. Furthermore, we demonstrate the extraction of the complex shear modulus by measuring the shear wave speed at different frequencies and fitting to a Kelvin-Voigt model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeel Ahmad
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801 USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1406 West Green St, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Jongsik Kim
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801 USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1406 West Green St, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Nahil A. Sobh
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801 USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 North Mathews Ave, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 West Green St, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Nathan D. Shemonski
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801 USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1406 West Green St, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Stephen A. Boppart
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801 USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1406 West Green St, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 West Springfield Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 506 South Mathews Ave, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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