1
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Kolchanov DS, Machnev A, Blank A, Barhom H, Zhu L, Lin Q, Inberg A, Rusimova KR, Mikhailova MA, Gumennik A, Salgals T, Bobrovs V, Valev VK, Mosley PJ, Ginzburg P. Thermo-optics of gilded hollow-core fibers. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:13945-13952. [PMID: 38980062 PMCID: PMC11271976 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05310e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Hollow core fibers, supporting waveguiding in a void, open a room of opportunities for numerous applications owing to an extended light-matter interaction distance and relatively high optical confinement. Decorating an inner capillary with functional materials allows tailoring the fiber's optical properties further and turns the structure into a functional device. Here, we functionalize an anti-resonant hollow-core fiber with 18 nm-size gold nanoparticles, approaching a uniform 45% surface coverage along 10 s of centimeters along its inner capillary. Owing to a moderately low overlap between the fundamental mode and the gold layer, the fiber maintains its high transmission properties; nevertheless, the entire structure experiences considerable heating, which is observed and quantified with the aid of a thermal camera. The hollow core and the surrounding capillary are subsequently filled with ethanol and thermo-optical heating is demonstrated. We also show that at moderate laser intensities, the liquid inside the fiber begins to boil and, as a result, the optical guiding is destroyed. The gilded hollow core fiber and its high thermal-optical responsivity suggest considering the structure as an efficient optically driven catalytic reactor in applications where either small reaction volumes or remote control over a process are demanded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis S Kolchanov
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
| | - Andrey Machnev
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
| | - Alexandra Blank
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
| | - Hani Barhom
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
- Israel Triangle Regional Research and Development Center, Kfar Qara' 3007500, Israel
| | - Liangquan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Qijing Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Alexandra Inberg
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
| | - Kristina R Rusimova
- Center for Photonics and Photonic Materials, Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Mariia A Mikhailova
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Alexander Gumennik
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Toms Salgals
- Institute of Telecommunications, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Vjačeslavs Bobrovs
- Institute of Telecommunications, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ventsislav K Valev
- Center for Photonics and Photonic Materials, Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Peter J Mosley
- Center for Photonics and Photonic Materials, Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Pavel Ginzburg
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
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2
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Gomes DSB, Paterno LG, Santos ABS, Barbosa DPP, Holtz BM, Souza MR, Moraes-Souza RQ, Garay AV, de Andrade LR, Sartoratto PPC, Mertz D, Volpato GT, Freitas SM, Soler MAG. UV-Accelerated Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticle-Pluronic Nanocomposites for X-ray Computed Tomography Contrast Enhancement. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092163. [PMID: 37177309 PMCID: PMC10181159 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Eco-friendly chemical methods using FDA-approved Pluronic F127 (PLU) block copolymer have garnered much attention for simultaneously forming and stabilizing Au nanoparticles (AuNPs). Given the remarkable properties of AuNPs for usage in various fields, especially in biomedicine, we performed a systematic study to synthesize AuNP-PLU nanocomposites under optimized conditions using UV irradiation for accelerating the reaction. The use of UV irradiation at 254 nm resulted in several advantages over the control method conducted under ambient light (control). The AuNP-PLU-UV nanocomposite was produced six times faster, lasting 10 min, and exhibited lower size dispersion than the control. A set of experimental techniques was applied to determine the structure and morphology of the produced nanocomposites as affected by the UV irradiation. The MTT assay was conducted to estimate IC50 values of AuNP-PLU-UV in NIH 3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblasts, and the results suggest that the sample is more compatible with cells than control samples. Afterward, in vivo maternal and fetal toxicity assays were performed in rats to evaluate the effect of AuNP-PLU-UV formulation during pregnancy. Under the tested conditions, the treatment was found to be safe for the mother and fetus. As a proof of concept or application, the synthesized Au:PLU were tested as contrast agents with an X-ray computed tomography scan (X-ray CT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Deizilene S B Gomes
- Universidade de Brasilia, Instituto de Física, Laboratório de Nanofilmes e Nano Dispositivos, Brasilia-DF 70910-900, Brazil
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciencia e Tecnologia de Rondonia, Ji-Parana-RO 76900-730, Brazil
| | - Leonardo G Paterno
- Universidade de Brasilia, Instituto de Quimica, Laboratorio de Pesquisa em Polimeros e Nanomateriais, Brasilia-DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Aline B S Santos
- Universidade de Brasilia, Instituto de Física, Laboratório de Nanofilmes e Nano Dispositivos, Brasilia-DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Debora P P Barbosa
- Universidade de Brasilia, Instituto de Física, Laboratório de Nanofilmes e Nano Dispositivos, Brasilia-DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Beatriz M Holtz
- Federal University of Mato Grosso, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Barra do Garças-MT 78605-091, Brazil
| | - Maysa R Souza
- Federal University of Mato Grosso, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Barra do Garças-MT 78605-091, Brazil
| | - Rafaianne Q Moraes-Souza
- Federal University of Mato Grosso, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Barra do Garças-MT 78605-091, Brazil
| | - Aisel V Garay
- Universidade de Brasilia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Laboratório de Biofisica Molecular, Brasilia-DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Laise R de Andrade
- Universidade de Brasilia, Instituto de Ciências Biologicas, Brasilia-DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | | | - Damien Mertz
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Materiaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR-7504 CNRS-Universite de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, BP 34, CEDEX 02, 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Gustavo T Volpato
- Federal University of Mato Grosso, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Barra do Garças-MT 78605-091, Brazil
| | - Sonia M Freitas
- Universidade de Brasilia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Laboratório de Biofisica Molecular, Brasilia-DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Maria A G Soler
- Universidade de Brasilia, Instituto de Física, Laboratório de Nanofilmes e Nano Dispositivos, Brasilia-DF 70910-900, Brazil
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3
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Kim J, Bürger J, Jang B, Zeisberger M, Gargiulo J, Menezes LDS, Maier SA, Schmidt MA. 3D-nanoprinted on-chip antiresonant waveguide with hollow core and microgaps for integrated optofluidic spectroscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:2833-2845. [PMID: 36785288 DOI: 10.1364/oe.475794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Here, we unlock the properties of the recently introduced on-chip hollow-core microgap waveguide in the context of optofluidics which allows for intense light-water interaction over long lengths with fast response times. The nanoprinted waveguide operates by the anti-resonance effect in the visible and near-infrared domain and includes a hollow core with defined gaps every 176 µm. The spectroscopic capabilities are demonstrated by various absorption-related experiments, showing that the Beer-Lambert law can be applied without any modification. In addition to revealing key performance parameters, time-resolved experiments showed a decisive improvement in diffusion times resulting from the lateral access provided by the microgaps. Overall, the microgap waveguide represents a pathway for on-chip spectroscopy in aqueous environments.
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4
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Bürger J, Schalles V, Kim J, Jang B, Zeisberger M, Gargiulo J, de S. Menezes L, Schmidt MA, Maier SA. 3D-Nanoprinted Antiresonant Hollow-Core Microgap Waveguide: An on-Chip Platform for Integrated Photonic Devices and Sensors. ACS PHOTONICS 2022; 9:3012-3024. [PMID: 36164483 PMCID: PMC9501922 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.2c00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Due to their unique capabilities, hollow-core waveguides are playing an increasingly important role, especially in meeting the growing demand for integrated and low-cost photonic devices and sensors. Here, we present the antiresonant hollow-core microgap waveguide as a platform for the on-chip investigation of light-gas interaction over centimeter-long distances. The design consists of hollow-core segments separated by gaps that allow external access to the core region, while samples with lengths up to 5 cm were realized on silicon chips through 3D-nanoprinting using two-photon absorption based direct laser writing. The agreement of mathematical models, numerical simulations and experiments illustrates the importance of the antiresonance effect in that context. Our study shows the modal loss, the effect of gap size and the spectral tuning potential, with highlights including extremely broadband transmission windows (>200 nm), very high contrast resonance (>60 dB), exceptionally high structural openness factor (18%) and spectral control by nanoprinting (control over dimensions with step sizes (i.e., increments) of 60 nm). The application potential was demonstrated in the context of laser scanning absorption spectroscopy of ammonia, showing diffusion speeds comparable to bulk diffusion and a low detection limit. Due to these unique properties, application of this platform can be anticipated in a variety of spectroscopy-related fields, including bioanalytics, environmental sciences, and life sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Bürger
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Vera Schalles
- Leibniz
Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Abbe
Center of Photonics and Faculty of Physics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Jisoo Kim
- Leibniz
Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Abbe
Center of Photonics and Faculty of Physics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Bumjoon Jang
- Leibniz
Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Abbe
Center of Photonics and Faculty of Physics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias Zeisberger
- Leibniz
Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Abbe
Center of Photonics and Faculty of Physics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Julian Gargiulo
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Leonardo de S. Menezes
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
- Departmento
de Física, Universidade Federal de
Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife-PE Brazil
| | - Markus A. Schmidt
- Leibniz
Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Abbe
Center of Photonics and Faculty of Physics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Otto
Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Fraunhoferstr. 6, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan A. Maier
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
- School
of
Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- The
Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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5
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Jiang S, Förster R, Lorenz A, Schmidt MA. Three-dimensional tracking of nanoparticles by dual-color position retrieval in a double-core microstructured optical fiber. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:4437-4444. [PMID: 34617084 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00709b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Elastic light scattering-based three-dimensional (3D) tracking of objects at the nanoscale level is essential for unlocking the dynamics of individual species or interactions in fields such as biology or surface chemistry. In this work, we introduce the concept of dual-color 3D tracking in a double-core microstructured optical fiber that for the first time allows for full 3D reconstruction of the trajectory of a diffusing nanoparticle in a water-filled fiber-integrated microchannel. The use of two single-mode cores provides two opposite decaying evanescent fields of different wavelengths within the microchannel, bypassing spatial domains of ambiguous correlation between the scattered intensity and position. The novelty of the fiber design is the use of two slightly different single-mode cores, preventing modal crosstalk and thus allowing for longitudinally invariant dual-color illumination across the entire field of view. To demonstrate the capabilities of the scheme, a single gold nanosphere (80 nm) diffusing in the water-filled microchannel was tracked for a large number of images (about 32 000) at a high frame rate (1.389 kHz) over a long time (23 s), with the determined hydrodynamic diameters matching expectations. The presented 3D tracking approach yields unique opportunities to unlock processes at the nanoscale level and is highly relevant for a multitude of fields, particularly within the context of understanding sophisticated interaction of diffusing species with functionalized surfaces within the context of bioanalytics, nanoscale materials science, surface chemistry or life science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Jiang
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745, Jena, Germany.
- Abbe Center of Photonics and Faculty of Physics, FSU Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Ronny Förster
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745, Jena, Germany.
| | - Adrian Lorenz
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745, Jena, Germany.
| | - Markus A Schmidt
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745, Jena, Germany.
- Abbe Center of Photonics and Faculty of Physics, FSU Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Otto Schott Institute of Material Research, FSU Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
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6
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Ermatov T, Gnusov I, Skibina J, Noskov RE, Gorin D. Noncontact characterization of microstructured optical fibers coating in real time. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:4793-4796. [PMID: 34598201 DOI: 10.1364/ol.433208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Functional nanocoatings have allowed hollow-core microstructured optical fibers (HC-MOFs) to be introduced into biosensing and photochemistry applications. However, common film characterization tools cannot evaluate the coating performance in situ. Here we report the all-optical noncontact characterization of the HC-MOF coating in real time. Self-assembled multilayers consisting of inversely charged polyelectrolytes (PEs) are deposited on the HC-MOF core capillary, and a linear spectral shift in the position of the fiber transmission minima with increasing the film thickness is observed as small as ∼1.5-6nm per single PE bilayer. We exemplify the practical performance of our approach by registering an increase in the coating thickness from 6±1 to 11±1nm per PE bilayer with increasing ionic strength in the PE solutions from 0.15 to 0.5 M NaCl. Additionally, we show real-time monitoring of pH-induced coating dissolving. Simplicity and high sensitivity make our approach a promising tool allowing noncontact analysis of the HC-MOF coating which is still challenging for other methods.
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7
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Nanograting-Enhanced Optical Fibers for Visible and Infrared Light Collection at Large Input Angles. PHOTONICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics8080295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The efficient incoupling of light into particular fibers at large angles is essential for a multitude of applications; however, this is difficult to achieve with commonly used fibers due to low numerical aperture. Here, we demonstrate that commonly used optical fibers functionalized with arrays of metallic nanodots show substantially improved large-angle light-collection performances at multiple wavelengths. In particular, we show that at visible wavelengths, higher diffraction orders contribute significantly to the light-coupling efficiency, independent of the incident polarization, with a dominant excitation of the fundamental mode. The experimental observation is confirmed by an analytical model, which directly suggests further improvement in incoupling efficiency through the use of powerful nanostructures such as metasurface or dielectric gratings. Therefore, our concept paves the way for high-performance fiber-based optical devices and is particularly relevant within the context of endoscopic-type applications in life science and light collection within quantum technology.
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8
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Zhang X, Wang C, Yu R, Xiao L, Zhu XS, Shi YW. Fiber polarizer based on selectively silver-coated large-core suspended-core fiber. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:2429-2432. [PMID: 33988601 DOI: 10.1364/ol.428087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A tunable fiber polarizer based on the selectively silver-coated large-core suspended-core fiber (LSCF) was proposed. A thin silver layer was coated on the inner surface of two opposite air holes of the LSCF by the chemical liquid-phase deposition method. The $y$-polarized light (parallel to the two silver-coated air holes) will excite surface plasmon resonance and experience large transmission loss, while the $x$-polarized light does not, resulting in a fiber polarizer. By varying the liquid filled in the microchannels of the LSCF, the operating wavelength can be tuned in the visible and near infrared region along with the surface plasmon resonance wavelength. The dependence of the polarization characteristics on the fiber length was experimentally investigated. The maximum polarization extinction ratio (PER) of 20.1 dB, 19.6 dB, and 18.3 dB and insertion loss (IL) of 2.24 dB, 2.56 dB, and 2.08 dB are achieved with the optimal fiber length of 16 cm at the operating wavelengths of 565.4 nm, 626.7 nm, and 739.7 nm, respectively. Compared with the multimode fiber-based polarizers reported previously, the proposed selectively silver-coated LSCF polarizer exhibits higher PER and lower IL.
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9
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Trends in the Implementation of Advanced Plasmonic Materials in Optical Fiber Sensors (2010–2020). CHEMOSENSORS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9040064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the interaction between light and metallic films have been proven to be a highly powerful tool for optical sensing applications. We have witnessed the development of highly sensitive commercial devices based on Surface Plasmon Resonances. There has been continuous effort to integrate this plasmonic sensing technology using micro and nanofabrication techniques with the optical fiber sensor world, trying to get better, smaller and cost-effective high performance sensing solutions. In this work, we present a review of the latest and more relevant scientific contributions to the optical fiber sensors field using plasmonic materials over the last decade. The combination of optical fiber technology with metallic micro and nanostructures that allow plasmonic interactions have opened a complete new and promising field of study. We review the main advances in the integration of such metallic micro/nanostructures onto the optical fibers, discuss the most promising fabrication techniques and show the new trends in physical, chemical and biological sensing applications.
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10
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Kim J, Jang B, Gargiulo J, Bürger J, Zhao J, Upendar S, Weiss T, Maier SA, Schmidt MA. The Optofluidic Light Cage - On-Chip Integrated Spectroscopy Using an Antiresonance Hollow Core Waveguide. Anal Chem 2020; 93:752-760. [PMID: 33296184 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Emerging applications in spectroscopy-related bioanalytics demand for integrated devices with small geometric footprints and fast response times. While hollow core waveguides principally provide such conditions, currently used approaches include limitations such as long diffusion times, limited light-matter interaction, substantial implementation efforts, and difficult waveguide interfacing. Here, we introduce the concept of the optofluidic light cage that allows for fast and reliable integrated spectroscopy using a novel on-chip hollow core waveguide platform. The structure, implemented by 3D nanoprinting, consists of millimeter-long high-aspect-ratio strands surrounding a hollow core and includes the unique feature of open space between the strands, allowing analytes to sidewise enter the core region. Reliable, robust, and long-term stable light transmission via antiresonance guidance was observed while the light cages were immersed in an aqueous environment. The performance of the light cage related to absorption spectroscopy, refractive index sensitivity, and dye diffusion was experimentally determined, matching simulations and thus demonstrating the relevance of this approach with respect to chemistry and bioanalytics. The presented work features the optofluidic light cage as a novel on-chip sensing platform with unique properties, opening new avenues for highly integrated sensing devices with real-time responses. Application of this concept is not only limited to absorption spectroscopy but also includes Raman, photoluminescence, or fluorescence spectroscopy. Furthermore, more sophisticated applications are also conceivable in, e.g., nanoparticle tracking analysis or ultrafast nonlinear frequency conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisoo Kim
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Abbe Center of Photonics and Faculty of Physics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Bumjoon Jang
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Abbe Center of Photonics and Faculty of Physics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Julian Gargiulo
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Bürger
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Jiangbo Zhao
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Swaathi Upendar
- 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Thomas Weiss
- 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Stefan A Maier
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.,Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Markus A Schmidt
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Abbe Center of Photonics and Faculty of Physics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
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11
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Abstract
Micro and nanoparticles are not only understood as components of materials but as small functional units too. Particles can be designed for the primary transduction of physical and chemical signals and, therefore, become a valuable component in sensing systems. Due to their small size, they are particularly interesting for sensing in microfluidic systems, in microarray arrangements and in miniaturized biotechnological systems and microreactors, in general. Here, an overview of the recent development in the preparation of micro and nanoparticles for sensing purposes in microfluidics and application of particles in various microfluidic devices is presented. The concept of sensor particles is particularly useful for combining a direct contact between cells, biomolecules and media with a contactless optical readout. In addition to the construction and synthesis of micro and nanoparticles with transducer functions, examples of chemical and biological applications are reported.
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12
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Li J, Wang H, Li Z, Su Z, Zhu Y. Preparation and Application of Metal Nanoparticals Elaborated Fiber Sensors. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20185155. [PMID: 32927607 PMCID: PMC7570743 DOI: 10.3390/s20185155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, surface plasmon resonance devices (SPR, or named plamonics) have attracted much more attention because of their great prospects in breaking through the optical diffraction limit and developing new photons and sensing devices. At the same time, the combination of SPR and optical fiber promotes the development of the compact micro-probes with high-performance and the integration of fiber and planar waveguide. Different from the long-range SPR of planar metal nano-films, the local-SPR (LSPR) effect can be excited by incident light on the surface of nano-scaled metal particles, resulting in local enhanced light field, i.e., optical hot spot. Metal nano-particles-modified optical fiber LSPR sensor has high sensitivity and compact structure, which can realize the real-time monitoring of physical parameters, environmental parameters (temperature, humidity), and biochemical molecules (pH value, gas-liquid concentration, protein molecules, viruses). In this paper, both fabrication and application of the metal nano-particles modified optical fiber LSPR sensor probe are reviewed, and its future development is predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; (H.W.); (Z.L.); (Z.S.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry (Northeastern University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110819, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Haoru Wang
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; (H.W.); (Z.L.); (Z.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Zhi Li
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; (H.W.); (Z.L.); (Z.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Zhengcheng Su
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; (H.W.); (Z.L.); (Z.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yue Zhu
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; (H.W.); (Z.L.); (Z.S.); (Y.Z.)
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13
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Ermatov T, Skibina JS, Tuchin VV, Gorin DA. Functionalized Microstructured Optical Fibers: Materials, Methods, Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E921. [PMID: 32092963 PMCID: PMC7078627 DOI: 10.3390/ma13040921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Microstructured optical fiber-based sensors (MOF) have been widely developed finding numerous applications in various fields of photonics, biotechnology, and medicine. High sensitivity to the refractive index variation, arising from the strong interaction between a guided mode and an analyte in the test, makes MOF-based sensors ideal candidates for chemical and biochemical analysis of solutions with small volume and low concentration. Here, we review the modern techniques used for the modification of the fiber's structure, which leads to an enhanced detection sensitivity, as well as the surface functionalization processes used for selective adsorption of target molecules. Novel functionalized MOF-based devices possessing these unique properties, emphasize the potential applications for fiber optics in the field of modern biophotonics, such as remote sensing, thermography, refractometric measurements of biological liquids, detection of cancer proteins, and concentration analysis. In this work, we discuss the approaches used for the functionalization of MOFs, with a focus on potential applications of the produced structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timur Ermatov
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobelya str., 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Julia S. Skibina
- SPE LLC Nanostructured Glass Technology, 101 50 Let Oktjabrja, 410033 Saratov, Russia;
| | - Valery V. Tuchin
- Research Educational Institute of Optics and Biophotonics, Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya str., 410012 Saratov, Russia;
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenin’s av., 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Laser Diagnostics of Technical and Living Systems, Institute of Precision Mechanics and Control of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 24 Rabochaya str., 410028 Saratov, Russia
| | - Dmitry A. Gorin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobelya str., 121205 Moscow, Russia
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Jiang S, Zhao J, Förster R, Weidlich S, Plidschun M, Kobelke J, Fatobene Ando R, Schmidt MA. Three dimensional spatiotemporal nano-scale position retrieval of the confined diffusion of nano-objects inside optofluidic microstructured fibers. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:3146-3156. [PMID: 31967162 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10351a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the dynamics of single nano-scale species at high spatiotemporal resolution is of utmost importance within fields such as bioanalytics or microrheology. Here we introduce the concept of axial position retrieval via scattered light at evanescent fields inside a corralled geometry using optofluidic microstructured optical fibers allowing to unlock information about diffusing nano-scale objects in all three spatial dimensions at kHz acquisition rate for several seconds. Our method yields the lateral positions by localizing the particle in a wide-field microscopy image. In addition, the axial position is retrieved via the scattered light intensity of the particle, as a result of the homogenized evanescent fields inside a microchannel running parallel to an optical core. This method yields spatial localization accuracies <3 nm along the transverse and <21 nm along the retrieved directions. Due to its unique properties such as three dimensional tracking, straightforward operation, mechanical flexibility, strong confinement, fast and efficient data recording, long observation times, low background scattering, and compatibility with microscopy and fiber circuitry, our concept represents a new paradigm in light-based nanoscale detection techniques, extending the capabilities of the field of nanoparticle tracking analysis and potentially allowing for the observation of so far inaccessible processes at the nanoscale level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Jiang
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Jiangbo Zhao
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Ronny Förster
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Stefan Weidlich
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Malte Plidschun
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Jens Kobelke
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Ron Fatobene Ando
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Markus A Schmidt
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany. and Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Fraunhoferstr. 6, 07743 Jena, Germany and Abbe Center of Photonics and Faculty of Physics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
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15
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Zhang X, Zhu XS, Shi YW. Fiber optic surface plasmon resonance sensor based on a silver-coated large-core suspended-core fiber. OPTICS LETTERS 2019; 44:4550-4553. [PMID: 31517928 DOI: 10.1364/ol.44.004550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A fiber optic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor based on a silver-coated large-core suspended-core fiber was proposed. A dynamic chemical liquid phase deposition method was adopted to fabricate a set of proposed sensors with different silver layer thicknesses. A stable fully spiced all-fiber sensing system was established to evaluate the performance of the fabricated sensors. The results show that the proposed sensor with a thicker silver layer exhibits higher sensitivity and figure of merit. The performance of the proposed sensor is comparable to those of the conventional solid-core fiber and hollow fiber SPR sensors and much higher than that of the metal nanoparticle functionalized suspended-core fiber sensors.
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16
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Evaluation of Nanoplasmonic Optical Fiber Sensors Based on D-Type and Suspended Core Fibers with Metallic Nanowires. PHOTONICS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics6030100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of metallic nanostructures in optical fibers has revolutionized the field of plasmonic sensors since they produce sharper and fine-tuned resonances resulting in higher sensitivities and resolutions. This article evaluates the performance of three different plasmonic optical fiber sensors based on D-type and suspended core fibers with metallic nanowires. It addresses how their different materials, geometry of the components, and their relative position can influence the coupling between the localized plasmonic modes and the guided optical mode. It also evaluates how that affects the spatial distributions of optical power of the different modes and consequently their overlap and coupling, which ultimately impacts the sensor performance. In this work, we use numerical simulations based on finite element methods to validate the importance of tailoring the features of the guided optical mode to promote an enhanced coupling with the localized modes. The results in terms of sensitivity and resolution demonstrate the advantages of using suspended core fibers with metallic nanowires.
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17
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Suspended-Core Microstructured Polymer Optical Fibers and Potential Applications in Sensing. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19163449. [PMID: 31394753 PMCID: PMC6719154 DOI: 10.3390/s19163449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The study of the fabrication, material selection, and properties of microstructured polymer optical fibers (MPOFs) has long attracted great interest. This ever-increasing interest is due to their wide range of applications, mainly in sensing, including temperature, pressure, chemical, and biological species. This manuscript reviews the manufacturing of MPOFs, including the most recent single-step process involving extrusion from a modified 3D printer. MPOFs sensing applications are then discussed, with a stress on the benefit of using polymers.
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18
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Schaarschmidt K, Weidlich S, Reul D, Schmidt MA. Bending losses and modal properties of nano-bore optical fibers. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:4192-4195. [PMID: 30160749 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.004192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The nano-bore optical fiber geometry represents a new waveguide platform that uniquely allows studying the interaction of low-index fluids and light inside the core of an optical fiber while maintaining total internal reflection as a light guidance mechanism. Here, we have analyzed several application-relevant properties of this novel geometry experimentally and from the simulation perspective, including the analysis of the power fraction inside the bore, the determination of radius-dependent cutoffs, and the identification of single-mode operation domains. The obtained results will pave the way for new application of fiber optics in fields such as optofluidics, nonlinear light generation, and bioanalytics.
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19
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Doherty B, Thiele M, Warren-Smith S, Schartner E, Ebendorff-Heidepriem H, Fritzsche W, Schmidt MA. Plasmonic nanoparticle-functionalized exposed-core fiber-an optofluidic refractive index sensing platform. OPTICS LETTERS 2017; 42:4395-4398. [PMID: 29088172 DOI: 10.1364/ol.42.004395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Here, we show that immobilizing ensembles of gold nanospheres within tailored areas on the open side of an exposed-core microstructured fiber yields a monolithic, highly sensitive plasmon-based refractive index sensor. The nanoparticle densities (average nanoparticle diameter: 45 nm) on the small-core fiber (core diameter: 2.5 μm) are controlled electrostatically, yielding densities of 4 nanoparticles/μm2. Refractive index sensitivities of 200 nm/RIU for aqueous analytes at high fringe contrast levels (-20 dB) have been observed. Our concept presents an easy-to-use, efficient, and multiplex-compatible sensing platform for rapid small-volume detection with the capacity for integration into a bioanalytic, optofluidic, or microfluidic system.
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20
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Elosua C, Arregui FJ, Villar ID, Ruiz-Zamarreño C, Corres JM, Bariain C, Goicoechea J, Hernaez M, Rivero PJ, Socorro AB, Urrutia A, Sanchez P, Zubiate P, Lopez-Torres D, Acha ND, Ascorbe J, Ozcariz A, Matias IR. Micro and Nanostructured Materials for the Development of Optical Fibre Sensors. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17102312. [PMID: 29019945 PMCID: PMC5676771 DOI: 10.3390/s17102312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The measurement of chemical and biomedical parameters can take advantage of the features exclusively offered by optical fibre: passive nature, electromagnetic immunity and chemical stability are some of the most relevant ones. The small dimensions of the fibre generally require that the sensing material be loaded into a supporting matrix whose morphology is adjusted at a nanometric scale. Thanks to the advances in nanotechnology new deposition methods have been developed: they allow reagents from different chemical nature to be embedded into films with a thickness always below a few microns that also show a relevant aspect ratio to ensure a high transduction interface. This review reveals some of the main techniques that are currently been employed to develop this kind of sensors, describing in detail both the resulting supporting matrices as well as the sensing materials used. The main objective is to offer a general view of the state of the art to expose the main challenges and chances that this technology is facing currently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Elosua
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Francisco Javier Arregui
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Ignacio Del Villar
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Carlos Ruiz-Zamarreño
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Jesus M Corres
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Candido Bariain
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Javier Goicoechea
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Miguel Hernaez
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Pedro J Rivero
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Abian B Socorro
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Aitor Urrutia
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Pedro Sanchez
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Pablo Zubiate
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Diego Lopez-Torres
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Nerea De Acha
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Joaquin Ascorbe
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Aritz Ozcariz
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Ignacio R Matias
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Public University of Navarre, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
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