1
|
Zheng Z, Li D, Liu Z, Peng HQ, Sung HHY, Kwok RTK, Williams ID, Lam JWY, Qian J, Tang BZ. Aggregation-Induced Nonlinear Optical Effects of AIEgen Nanocrystals for Ultradeep In Vivo Bioimaging. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1904799. [PMID: 31523871 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nonlinear optical microscopy has become a powerful tool in bioimaging research due to its unique capabilities of deep optical sectioning, high-spatial-resolution imaging, and 3D reconstruction of biological specimens. Developing organic fluorescent probes with strong nonlinear optical effects, in particular third-harmonic generation (THG), is promising for exploiting nonlinear microscopic imaging for biomedical applications. Herein, a simple method for preparing organic nanocrystals based on an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogen (DCCN) with bright near-infrared emission is successfully demonstrated. Aggregation-induced nonlinear optical effects, including two-photon fluorescence (2PF), three-photon fluorescence (3PF), and THG, of DCCN are observed in nanoparticles, especially for crystalline nanoparticles. The nanocrystals of DCCN are successfully applied for 2PF microscopy at 1040 nm NIR-II excitation and THG microscopy at 1560 nm NIR-II excitation, respectively, to reconstruct the 3D vasculature of the mouse cerebral vasculature. Impressively, the THG microscopy provides much higher spatial resolution and brightness than the 2PF microscopy and can visualize small vessels with diameters of ≈2.7 µm at the deepest depth of 800 µm in a mouse brain. Thus, this is expected to inspire new insights into the development of advanced AIE materials with multiple nonlinearity, in particular THG, for multimodal nonlinear optical microscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dongyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentations, Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhiyang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hui-Qing Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Herman H Y Sung
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ryan T K Kwok
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ian D Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentations, Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kazarine A, Gopal AA, Wiseman PW. Nonlinear microscopy of common histological stains reveals third harmonic generation harmonophores. Analyst 2019; 144:3239-3249. [PMID: 30920574 DOI: 10.1039/c9an00267g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Since its invention over a hundred years ago, histological analysis using coloured dye staining remains the gold standard for histopathology. While these stains provide critical information for a variety of diagnostic purposes, they offer limited two-dimensional histological information. Extending classical histological analysis to three dimensions requires novel imaging approaches such as multiphoton microscopy. Multiphoton microscopy enables multimodal, three-dimensional imaging of histologically stained samples. Specifically, third harmonic generation (THG), a nonlinear optical process in which three incident photons are combined into one by the sample, allows high contrast imaging of tissues stained with absorbing dyes, which in turn act as harmonophores. While this technique has previously been applied to hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) tissue sections, we extend this approach to other commonly used histological stains to demonstrate further potential applications of the technique. We demonstrate THG imaging of both human skin and liver tissue stained with H&E, Verhoeff-Van Gieson (VVG) and Picrosirius Red stains. We find that these stains provide excellent contrast as THG harmonophores, enabling high resolution imaging of histological samples. THG imaging of the Verhoeff stain enables easy detection of elastic fibers while Picrosirius Red acts as an effective harmonophore for imaging collagen fibers of all sizes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Kazarine
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nevozhay D, Weiger M, Friedl P, Sokolov KV. Spatiotemporally controlled nano-sized third harmonic generation agents. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:3301-3316. [PMID: 31360600 PMCID: PMC6640828 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.003301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Here, we present a new class of third harmonic generation (THG) imaging probes that can be activated with precise spatiotemporal control using non-linear excitation. These probes consist of lipid-coated perfluorocarbon nanodroplets with embedded visible chromophores. The droplets undergo phase transition from liquid to gas upon heating mediated by two-photon absorption of NIR light by the embedded dyes. Resulting microbubbles provide a sharp, local refractive index mismatch, which makes an excellent source of THG signal. Potential applications of these probes include activatable THG agents for biological imaging and "on-demand" delivery of various compounds under THG monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Nevozhay
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 8 Sukhanova Street, Vladivostok, 690950, Russia
- Equal contribution
| | - Michael Weiger
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Equal contribution
| | - Peter Friedl
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Cancer Genomics Centre, (CGC.nl), 3584 Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Konstantin V. Sokolov
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton Street, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Promoting dentinogenesis of DPSCs through inhibiting microRNA-218 by using magnetic nanocarrier delivery. J Formos Med Assoc 2019; 118:1005-1013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
|
5
|
Lee CW, Wu PC, Hsu IL, Liu TM, Chong WH, Wu CH, Hsieh TY, Guo LZ, Tsao Y, Wu PT, Yu J, Tsai PJ, Huang HS, Chuang YC, Huang CC. New Templated Ostwald Ripening Process of Mesostructured FeOOH for Third-Harmonic Generation Bioimaging. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1805086. [PMID: 30925031 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201805086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Emerging advances in iron oxide nanoparticles exploit their high magnetization for various applications, such as bioseparation, hyperthermia, and magnetic resonance imaging. In contrast to their excellent magnetic performance, the harmonic generation and luminescence properties of iron oxide nanoparticles have not been thoroughly explored, thus limiting their development as a tool in photomedicine. In this work, a seed/growth-inspired synthesis is developed combined with primary mineralization and a ligand-assisted secondary growth strategy to prepare mesostructured α-FeOOH nanorods (NRs). The sub-wavelength heterogeneity of the refractive index leads to enhanced third-harmonic generation (THG) signals under near-infrared excited wavelengths at 1230 nm. The as-prepared NRs exhibit an 11-fold stronger THG intensity compared to bare α-FeOOH NRs. Using these unique nonlinear optical properties, it is demonstrated that mesostructured α-FeOOH NRs can serve as biocompatible and nonbleaching contrast agents in THG microscopy for long-term labeling of cells as well as in angiography in vivo by modifying lectin to enhance the binding efficiency to the glycocalyx layers on the wall of blood vessels. These results provide a new insight into Fe-based nanoplatforms capable of emitting coherent light as molecular probes in optical microscopy, thus establishing a complementary microscopic imaging method for macroscopic magnetic imaging systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Wei Lee
- Department of Photonics, Center of Applied Nanomedicine, Center for Micro/Nano Science and Technology and Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Wu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - I-Ling Hsu
- Department of Photonics, Center of Applied Nanomedicine, Center for Micro/Nano Science and Technology and Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ming Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Wai-How Chong
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Cheng-Ham Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yuan Hsieh
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Lun-Zhang Guo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu Tsao
- Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ting Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jiashing Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jane Tsai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Sheng Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chia Huang
- Department of Photonics, Center of Applied Nanomedicine, Center for Micro/Nano Science and Technology and Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Developing a novel cholesterol-based nanocarrier with high transfection efficiency and serum compatibility for gene therapy. J Formos Med Assoc 2018; 118:766-775. [PMID: 30579664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Primary cells are sensitive to culture conditions, which can be more difficult to get efficient transfection. The purpose of this study is to develop a serum-compatible cholesterol-based nanocarrier for delivering therapeutic nucleic acids into cells efficiently for future clinical gene therapy. METHODS A novel cationic 3-β-[N-(2-guanidinoethyl)carbamoyl]-cholesterol (GEC-Chol) was mixed with cholesterol and superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles to form GCC-Fe3O4 nanocarrier. Transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity in serum and non-serum conditions were evaluated. Florescent-labeled oligonucleotides (ODNs) were transfected as indicators. Fluorescent microscopy, confocal microscopy, and flow cytometry analysis were used for evaluations. Besides, we also delivered functional antisense c-myc ODNs as surrogates for specific gene manipulation in vitro. RESULTS Results indicated that GCC-Fe3O4 nanocarrier could have size down to less than 135 nm, which structure was highly stable and consistent over time. It also showed great transfection efficiency and low cytotoxicity in both serum and non-serum conditions. Our results demonstrated that GCC-Fe3O4 nanocarrier had exceeded 90% transfection efficiency, which was much better than common commercialized transfection reagents under same conditions. Such nanocarrier not only worked well in cell lines, but also ideal for gene delivery in primary cells. CONCLUSION With high transfection efficiency and serum compatibility, this novel biocompatible cholesterol-based nanocarrier provides an ideal platform especially for RNAi-based gene manipulation. It also opens a wide range of biomedical applications for in vivo cell tracking and gene therapeutics for clinical usage.
Collapse
|
7
|
Cui L, Tokarz D, Cisek R, Ng KK, Wang F, Chen J, Barzda V, Zheng G. Organized Aggregation of Porphyrins in Lipid Bilayers for Third Harmonic Generation Microscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:13928-32. [PMID: 26418395 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201506171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Nonlinear optical microscopy has become a powerful tool for high-resolution imaging of cellular and subcellular composition, morphology, and interactions because of its high spatial resolution, deep penetration, and low photo-damage to tissue. Developing specific harmonic probes is essential for exploiting nonlinear microscopic imaging for biomedical applications. We report an organized aggregate of porphyrins (OAP) that formed within lipidic nanoparticles showing fingerprint spectroscopic properties, structure-associated second harmonic generation, and superradiant third harmonic generation. The OAP facilitated harmonic microscopic imaging of living cells with significantly enhanced contrast. The structure-dependent switch between harmonic (OAP-intact) and fluorescence (OAP-disrupted) generation enabled real-time multi-modality imaging of the cellular fate of nanoparticles. Robustly produced under various conditions and easily incorporated into pre-formed lipid nanovesicles, OAP provides a biocompatible nanoplatform for harmonic imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Cui
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center and Techna Institute, UHN (Canada) http://www.utoronto.ca/zhenglab.,Medical Isotopes Research Center, Peking University (China).,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto (Canada)
| | - Danielle Tokarz
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences and Department of Physics, University of Toronto (Canada)
| | - Richard Cisek
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences and Department of Physics, University of Toronto (Canada)
| | - Kenneth K Ng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center and Techna Institute, UHN (Canada) http://www.utoronto.ca/zhenglab
| | - Fan Wang
- Medical Isotopes Research Center, Peking University (China)
| | - Juan Chen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center and Techna Institute, UHN (Canada) http://www.utoronto.ca/zhenglab
| | - Virginijus Barzda
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences and Department of Physics, University of Toronto (Canada)
| | - Gang Zheng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center and Techna Institute, UHN (Canada) http://www.utoronto.ca/zhenglab. .,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto (Canada).
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cui L, Tokarz D, Cisek R, Ng KK, Wang F, Chen J, Barzda V, Zheng G. Organized Aggregation of Porphyrins in Lipid Bilayers for Third Harmonic Generation Microscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201506171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Cui
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center and Techna Institute, UHN (Canada) http://www.utoronto.ca/zhenglab
- Medical Isotopes Research Center, Peking University (China)
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto (Canada)
| | - Danielle Tokarz
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences and Department of Physics, University of Toronto (Canada)
| | - Richard Cisek
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences and Department of Physics, University of Toronto (Canada)
| | - Kenneth K. Ng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center and Techna Institute, UHN (Canada) http://www.utoronto.ca/zhenglab
| | - Fan Wang
- Medical Isotopes Research Center, Peking University (China)
| | - Juan Chen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center and Techna Institute, UHN (Canada) http://www.utoronto.ca/zhenglab
| | - Virginijus Barzda
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences and Department of Physics, University of Toronto (Canada)
| | - Gang Zheng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center and Techna Institute, UHN (Canada) http://www.utoronto.ca/zhenglab
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto (Canada)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen YC, Hsu HC, Lee CM, Sun CK. Third-harmonic generation susceptibility spectroscopy in free fatty acids. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2015; 20:095013. [PMID: 26405821 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.20.9.095013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Lipid-correlated disease such as atherosclerosis has been an important medical research topic for decades. Many new microscopic imaging techniques such as coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering and third-harmonic generation (THG) microscopy were verified to have the capability to target lipids in vivo. In the case of THG microscopy, biological cell membranes and lipid bodies in cells and tissues have been shown as good sources of contrast with a laser excitation wavelength around 1200 nm. We report the THG excitation spectroscopy study of two pure free fatty acids including oleic acid and linoleic acid from 1090 to 1330 nm. Different pure fatty acids presented slightly-different THG χ(3) spectra. The measured peak values of THG third-order susceptibility χ(3) in both fatty acids were surprisingly found not to match completely with the resonant absorption wavelengths around 1190 to 1210 nm, suggesting possible wavelengths selection for enhanced THG imaging of lipids while avoiding laser light absorption. Along with the recent advancement in THG imaging, this new window between 1240 to 1290 nm may offer tremendous new opportunities for sensitive label-free lipid imaging in biological tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Cheng Chen
- National Taiwan University, Molecular Imaging Center, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsun-Chia Hsu
- National Taiwan University, Molecular Imaging Center, Taipei 10617, TaiwanbWashington University in Saint Louis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Chien-Ming Lee
- National Taiwan University, Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kuang Sun
- National Taiwan University, Molecular Imaging Center, Taipei 10617, TaiwancNational Taiwan University, Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, Taipei 10617, TaiwandInstitute of Physics and Research Cen
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Neukirch AJ, Neumark DM, Kling MF, Prezhdo OV. Resolving multi-exciton generation by attosecond spectroscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:26285-26293. [PMID: 25401661 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.026285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We propose an experimentally viable attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy scheme to resolve controversies regarding multiexciton (ME) generation in nanoscale systems. Absence of oscillations indicates that light excites single excitons, and MEs are created by incoherent impact ionization. An oscillation indicates the coherent mechanism, involving excitation of superpositions of single and MEs. The oscillation decay, ranging from 5 fs at ambient temperature to 20 fs at 100 K, gives the elastic exciton-phonon scattering time. The signal is best observed with multiple-cycle pump pulses.
Collapse
|
11
|
Tokarz D, Cisek R, Garbaczewska M, Sandkuijl D, Qiu X, Stewart B, Levine JD, Fekl U, Barzda V. Carotenoid based bio-compatible labels for third harmonic generation microscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:10653-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp41583f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
12
|
Chang CF, Yu CH, Sun CK. Multi-photon resonance enhancement of third harmonic generation in human oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2010; 3:678-85. [PMID: 20583034 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201000045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells require excessive oxygen and nutrition to support their rapid growth, so angiogenesis and decrease of blood oxygen are often associated with areas of cancer development. Current technologies for blood oxygen measurement, however, do not possess high spatial resolution and therefore cannot be used to detect small tumors in their early stage. In this paper, we studied the third harmonic generation (THG) spectra of oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin in the 1170-1365 nm region, which is strongly influenced by the multi-photon resonance effect, especially around the Soret transition band. Our spectroscopic results thus indicate the high potential of THG spectroscopic microscopy for oxygen depletion level measurement of a single red blood cell in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Feng Chang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lin CY, Huang YL, Li JR, Chang FH, Lin WL. Effects of focused ultrasound and microbubbles on the vascular permeability of nanoparticles delivered into mouse tumors. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2010; 36:1460-1469. [PMID: 20800173 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2010.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2009] [Revised: 05/08/2010] [Accepted: 06/08/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound sonication with microbubbles (MBs) was evaluated for enhancement of the release of nanoparticles from vasculature to tumor tissues. In this study, tumor-bearing Balb/c mice were insonicated with focused ultrasound (FUS) in the tumors after the injection of MBs (SonoVue) and then lipid-coated quantum dot (LQD) nanoparticles (130 +/- 25 nm) were injected through the tail vein. We studied the effects of the injected MB dose (0-300 microL/kg), sonication duration (0-300 s) and treatment-procedure sequence on the accumulation of nanoparticles in the tumors 24 h after the treatment and the time response of the accumulation (0.5-24 h). After the treatment, the mice were sacrificed and perfused and then the tumor tissues were harvested for quantifying the amount of nanoparticles using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF-AAS). The results showed that pulsed-FUS sonication with MBs can effectively enhance the vascular permeability for LQD nanoparticle delivery into the sonicated tumors. It indicates that this technique is promising for a better nanodrug delivery for tumor chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Yin Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chia SH, Yu CH, Lin CH, Cheng NC, Liu TM, Chan MC, Chen IH, Sun CK. Miniaturized video-rate epi-third-harmonic-generation fiber-microscope. OPTICS EXPRESS 2010; 18:17382-91. [PMID: 20721125 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.017382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
With a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) mirror, we successfully developed a miniaturized epi-third-harmonic-generation (epi-THG) fiber-microscope with a video frame rate (31 Hz), which was designed for in vivo optical biopsy of human skin. With a large-mode-area (LMA) photonic crystal fiber (PCF) and a regular microscopic objective, the nonlinear distortion of the ultrafast pulses delivery could be much reduced while still achieving a 0.4 microm lateral resolution for epi-THG signals. In vivo real time virtual biopsy of the Asian skin with a video rate (31 Hz) and a sub-micron resolution was obtained. The result indicates that this miniaturized system was compact enough for the least invasive hand-held clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hsuan Chia
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Graduate Inst of Photonics and Optoelectronics, Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Obonyo O, Fisher E, Edwards M, Douroumis D. Quantum dots synthesis and biological applications as imaging and drug delivery systems. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2010; 30:283-301. [PMID: 20528252 DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2010.487184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) synthesized by metal ions and colloid stabilizers have been explored as promising probes in advanced imaging techniques, tumor diagnostic agents, and drug delivery systems. The ability to modulate QDs surface chemistry through particle--shape control, surface coating, and surface functionalization-has rendered them a valuable tool in biological sciences. The tremendous advances in nanotechnology revealed the unique properties of QD crystals in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. In this review, we summarize the recent trends in QD synthesis, surface modification, and biological applications particularly for cancer targeting and treatment.
Collapse
|
16
|
Chang CF, Chen HC, Chen MJ, Liu WR, Hsieh WF, Hsu CH, Chen CY, Chang FH, Yu CH, Sun CK. Direct backward third-harmonic generation in nanostructures. OPTICS EXPRESS 2010; 18:7397-406. [PMID: 20389762 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.007397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Direct-backward third harmonic generation (DBTHG) has been regarded as negligible or even inexistent due to the large value of wave-vector mismatch. In the past, BTHG signals were often interpreted as back-reflected or back-scattered forward-THG (FTHG). In this paper, we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate that backward third harmonic waves can be directly generated, and that their magnitude can be comparable with FTHG in nanostructures. Experimental data of DBTHG from ZnO thin films, CdSe quantum dots and Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles agree well with simulation results based on the Green's function. An integral equation was also derived for fast computation of DBTHG in nano films. Our investigation suggests that DBTHG can be a potentially powerful tool in nano-science research, especially when combined with FTHG measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Feng Chang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hui YY, Zhang B, Chang YC, Chang CC, Chang HC, Hsu JH, Chang K, Chang FH. Two-photon fluorescence correlation spectroscopy of lipid-encapsulated fluorescent nanodiamonds in living cells. OPTICS EXPRESS 2010; 18:5896-5905. [PMID: 20389607 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.005896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Dynamics of fluorescent diamond nanoparticles in HeLa cells has been studied with two-photon fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). Fluorescent nanodiamond (FND) is an excellent fluorescent probe for bioimaging application, but they are often trapped in endosomes after cellular uptake. The entrapment prohibits FCS from being performed in a time frame of 60 s. Herein, we show that the encapsulation of FNDs within a lipid layer enhances the diffusion of the particles in the cytoplasm by more than one order of magnitude, and particles as small as 40 nm can be probed individually with high image contrast by two-photon excited luminescence. The development of the technique together with single particle tracking through one-photon excitation allows probing of both short-term and long-term dynamics of single FNDs in living cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuen Yung Hui
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Stop Breast Cancer Now! Imagining Imaging Pathways Toward Search, Destroy, Cure, and Watchful Waiting of Premetastasis Breast Cancer. Breast Cancer 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-84996-314-5_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
19
|
Huang HC, Chang PY, Chang K, Chen CY, Lin CW, Chen JH, Mou CY, Chang ZF, Chang FH. Formulation of novel lipid-coated magnetic nanoparticles as the probe for in vivo imaging. J Biomed Sci 2009; 16:86. [PMID: 19772552 PMCID: PMC2758848 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-16-86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2008] [Accepted: 09/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Application of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs) as the contrast agent has improved the quality of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Low efficiency of loading the commercially available iron oxide nanoparticles into cells and the cytotoxicity of previously formulated complexes limit their usage as the image probe. Here, we formulated new cationic lipid nanoparticles containing SPIOs feasible for in vivo imaging. Methods Hydrophobic SPIOs were incorporated into cationic lipid 1,2-dioleoyl-3-(trimethylammonium) propane (DOTAP) and polyethylene-glycol-2000-1,2-distearyl-3-sn-phosphatidylethanolamine (PEG-DSPE) based micelles by self-assembly procedure to form lipid-coated SPIOs (L-SPIOs). Trace amount of Rhodamine-dioleoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (Rhodamine-DOPE) was added as a fluorescent indicator. Particle size and zeta potential of L-SPIOs were determined by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV), respectively. HeLa, PC-3 and Neuro-2a cells were tested for loading efficiency and cytotoxicity of L-SPIOs using fluorescent microscopy, Prussian blue staining and flow cytometry. L-SPIO-loaded CT-26 cells were tested for in vivo MR imaging. Results The novel formulation generates L-SPIOs particle with the average size of 46 nm. We showed efficient cellular uptake of these L-SPIOs with cationic surface charge into HeLa, PC-3 and Neuro-2a cells. The L-SPIO-loaded cells exhibited similar growth potential as compared to unloaded cells, and could be sorted by a magnet stand over ten-day duration. Furthermore, when SPIO-loaded CT-26 tumor cells were injected into Balb/c mice, the growth status of these tumor cells could be monitored using optical and MR images. Conclusion We have developed a novel cationic lipid-based nanoparticle of SPIOs with high loading efficiency, low cytotoxicity and long-term imaging signals. The results suggested these newly formulated non-toxic lipid-coated magnetic nanoparticles as a versatile image probe for cell tracking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Chung Huang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|