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Unger EL, Fretz SJ, Lim B, Margulis GY, McGehee MD, Stack TDP. Sequential “click” functionalization of mesoporous titania for energy-relay dye enhanced dye-sensitized solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:6565-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp04878d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Energy relay dyes (ERDs) were immobilized in vicinity of energy-accepting injection dyes (IDs) via a sequential functionalization approach of mesoporous titania photo anodes in dye-sensitized solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva L. Unger
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Stanford University
- USA
| | | | - Bogyu Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Stanford University
- USA
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2
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Si L, He H, Zhu K. 8-Hydroxylquinoline-conjugated porphyrins as broadband light absorbers for dye-sensitized solar cells. NEW J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj01643a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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3
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Singh VK, Kanaparthi RK, Giribabu L. Emerging molecular design strategies of unsymmetrical phthalocyanines for dye-sensitized solar cell applications. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45170d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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4
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Marotta G, Reddy MA, Singh SP, Islam A, Han L, De Angelis F, Pastore M, Chandrasekharam M. Novel carbazole-phenothiazine dyads for dye-sensitized solar cells: a combined experimental and theoretical study. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:9635-9647. [PMID: 24025169 DOI: 10.1021/am402675q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report a joint experimental and computational work on new organic donor-acceptor dye sensitizers in which a carbazole (CZ) and a phenothiazine (PTZ) units are linked together by an alkyl C6H13, while two different anchoring groups are employed: the cyanoacrylic acid (CS1A, CSORG1) and the rhodanine-3-acetic acid (CS4A, CSORG4). The CZ moiety has multiple roles of (i) acting as an extra-electron donor portion, providing more electron density on the PTZ; (ii) suppressing the back-electron transfer from TiO2 to the electrolyte by forming a compact insulating dye layer; (iii) modulating dye aggregation on the semiconductor surface; and (iv) acting as an antenna, collecting photons and, through long-range energy transfer, redirecting the captured energy to the dye sensitizer. We show that the introduction of the CZ donor remarkably enhances the photovoltaic performances of the rhodanine-based dye, compared to the corresponding simple PTZ dye, with more than a two-fold increase in the overall efficiencies, while it does not bring beneficial effects in the case of the cyanoacrylic-based sensitizer. Based on quantum mechanical calculations and experimental measurements, we show that, in addition to a favored long-range energy transfer, which increases the light absorption in the blue region of the spectrum, the presence of the CZ unit in the CSORG4 dye effectively induces a beneficial aggregation pattern on the semiconductor surface, yielding a broadened and red-shifted light absorption, accounting for the two-fold increase in the generated photocurrent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Marotta
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari , via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123, Perugia, Italy
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Rodríguez HB, San Román E. Effect of Concentration on the Photophysics of Dyes in Light-Scattering Materials. Photochem Photobiol 2013; 89:1273-82. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hernán B. Rodríguez
- INIFTA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas; Universidad Nacional; La Plata Argentina
| | - Enrique San Román
- INQUIMAE / DQIAyQF, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina
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Pastore M, De Angelis F. Intermolecular Interactions in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: A Computational Modeling Perspective. J Phys Chem Lett 2013; 4:956-74. [PMID: 26291363 DOI: 10.1021/jz302147v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We present a unified overview of our recent activity on the modeling of relevant intermolecular interactions occurring in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). The DSC is an inherent complex system, whose efficiency is essentially determined by the interrelated phenomena occurring at the multiple molecular-semiconductor-electrolyte heterointerfaces. In this Perspective, we illustrate the basic methodology and selected applications of computational modeling of dye-dye and dye-coadsorbent intermolecular interactions taking place at the dye-sensitized interface. We show that the proposed methodology offers a realistic picture of aggregation phenomena among surface-adsorbed dyes and nicely describes semiconductor surfaces cosensitized by different dyes. The information acquired from this type of studies might constitute the basis for an integrated multiscale computational description of the device functioning, including all of the possible interdependencies among the device constituents, which may further boost the DSCs efficiency. We believe that this direction should be the target of future computational research in the DSC field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariachiara Pastore
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari, via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Filippo De Angelis
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari, via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
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Margulis GY, Lim B, Hardin BE, Unger EL, Yum JH, Feckl JM, Fattakhova-Rohlfing D, Bein T, Grätzel M, Sellinger A, McGehee MD. Highly soluble energy relay dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:11306-12. [PMID: 23733016 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51018b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George Y Margulis
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, McCullough Building, 476 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Pastore M, De Angelis F. Modeling Materials and Processes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Understanding the Mechanism, Improving the Efficiency. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2013; 352:151-236. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2013_468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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9
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Pastore M, Angelis FD. First-Principles Computational Modeling of Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer in Co-Sensitized Dye Solar Cells. J Phys Chem Lett 2012; 3:2146-2153. [PMID: 26295762 DOI: 10.1021/jz300839e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
TiO2 cosensitization by different dyes having complementary absorption represents an appealing strategy to obtain panchromatic sensitization in dye-sensitized solar cells. Fluorescence (Föster) resonance energy transfer (FRET) from an energy relay dye to a sensitizing dye, both grafted onto TiO2, was effectively shown to produce additional photocurrent (Hardin et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc.2011, 133, 10662). Here we develop a realistic cosensitization model to provide a precise estimate of the geometrical parameters, which govern the FRET rate. The reliability of our model is fully confirmed by the quantitative reproduction of the experimental spectral shift in the naphtalocyanine absorption band and by the excellent agreement between the experimentally reported FRET rates. Our model provides a realistic picture of the cosensitized TiO2 interface and is capable, at the same time, of predicting the cosensitization mechanism and the associated FRET kinetics based on the sole photophysical characterization of the isolated donor/acceptor partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariachiara Pastore
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari, via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Filippo De Angelis
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari, via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123, Perugia, Italy
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Cheon JH, Kim SA, Ahn KS, Kang MS, Kim JH. Enhanced light-harvesting efficiency by Förster resonance energy transfer in quasi-solid state DSSC using organic blue dye. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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11
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Humphry-Baker N, Driscoll K, Rao A, Torres T, Snaith HJ, Friend RH. Time-evolution of poly(3-hexylthiophene) as an energy relay dye in dye-sensitized solar cells. NANO LETTERS 2012; 12:634-639. [PMID: 22208767 DOI: 10.1021/nl203377r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Energy relay dyes (ERD) and Förster resonant energy transfer (FRET) are useful techniques for increasing absorption in dye-sensitized solar cells. We use femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy to monitor charge generation processes in a solid-state DSC containing poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as both the hole-transporter and the ERD with a zinc phthalocyanine dye (TT1) as the sensitizer. We observe efficient FRET occurring on picosecond time scales and subsequent hole transfer from TT1 to P3HT occurring onward from 100 ps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Humphry-Baker
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
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Self-Organized One-DimensionalTiO2Nanotube/Nanowire Array Films for Use in Excitonic Solar Cells: A Review. JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1155/2012/645931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We review the use of self-assembled, vertically oriented one-dimensional (1D) titania nanowire and nanotube geometries in several third-generation excitonic solar cell designs including those based upon bulk heterojunction, ordered heterojunction, Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), and liquid-junction dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).
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Hardin BE, Sellinger A, Moehl T, Humphry-Baker R, Moser JE, Wang P, Zakeeruddin SM, Grätzel M, McGehee MD. Energy and Hole Transfer between Dyes Attached to Titania in Cosensitized Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:10662-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja2042172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian E. Hardin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Alan Sellinger
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Thomas Moehl
- Laboratoire de Photonique et Interfaces, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Robin Humphry-Baker
- Laboratoire de Photonique et Interfaces, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jacques-E. Moser
- Laboratoire de Photonique et Interfaces, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peng Wang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaik M. Zakeeruddin
- Laboratoire de Photonique et Interfaces, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Grätzel
- Laboratoire de Photonique et Interfaces, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael D. McGehee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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Yum J, Hardin BE, Hoke ET, Baranoff E, Zakeeruddin SM, Nazeeruddin MK, Torres T, McGehee MD, Grätzel M. Incorporating Multiple Energy Relay Dyes in Liquid Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells. Chemphyschem 2011; 12:657-61. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201000854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Revised: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun‐Ho Yum
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH‐1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, Fax: (+41) 21‐693‐4111
| | - Brian E. Hardin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, California 94305 (USA)
| | - Eric T. Hoke
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, California 94305 (USA)
| | - Etienne Baranoff
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH‐1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, Fax: (+41) 21‐693‐4111
| | - Shaik M. Zakeeruddin
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH‐1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, Fax: (+41) 21‐693‐4111
| | - Mohammad K. Nazeeruddin
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH‐1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, Fax: (+41) 21‐693‐4111
| | - Tomas Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica (C‐I), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA Nanoscience, Facultad de Ciencias, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael D. McGehee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, California 94305 (USA)
| | - Michael Grätzel
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH‐1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, Fax: (+41) 21‐693‐4111
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Hardin BE, Yum JH, Hoke ET, Jun YC, Péchy P, Torres T, Brongersma ML, Nazeeruddin MK, Grätzel M, McGehee MD. High excitation transfer efficiency from energy relay dyes in dye-sensitized solar cells. NANO LETTERS 2010; 10:3077-3083. [PMID: 20617816 DOI: 10.1021/nl1016688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The energy relay dye, 4-(Dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-(4-dimethylaminostyryl)-4H-pyran (DCM), was used with a near-infrared sensitizing dye, TT1, to increase the overall power conversion efficiency of a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) from 3.5% to 4.5%. The unattached DCM dyes exhibit an average excitation transfer efficiency (ETE) of 96% inside TT1-covered, mesostructured TiO(2) films. Further performance increases were limited by the solubility of DCM in an acetonitrile based electrolyte. This demonstration shows that energy relay dyes can be efficiently implemented in optimized dye-sensitized solar cells, but also highlights the need to design highly soluble energy relay dyes with high molar extinction coefficients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian E Hardin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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Mor GK, Basham J, Paulose M, Kim S, Varghese OK, Vaish A, Yoriya S, Grimes CA. High-efficiency Förster resonance energy transfer in solid-state dye sensitized solar cells. NANO LETTERS 2010; 10:2387-2394. [PMID: 20568825 DOI: 10.1021/nl100415q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (SS-DSCs) offer the potential to make low cost solar power a reality, however their photoconversion efficiency must first be increased. The dyes used are commonly narrow band with high absorption coefficients, while conventional photovoltaic operation requires proper band edge alignment significantly limiting the dyes and charge transporting materials that can be used in combination. We demonstrate a significant enhancement in the light harvesting and photocurrent generation of SS-DSCs due to Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). TiO(2) nanotube array films are sensitized with red/near IR absorbing SQ-1 acceptor dye, subsequently intercalated with Spiro-OMeTAD blended with a visible light absorbing DCM-pyran donor dye. The calculated Förster radius is 6.1 nm. The donor molecules contribute a FRET-based maximum IPCE of 25% with a corresponding excitation transfer efficiency of approximately 67.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal K Mor
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
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