1
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Kokot H, Kokot B, Pišlar A, Esih H, Gabrič A, Urbančič D, El R, Urbančič I, Pajk S. Amphiphilic coumarin-based probes for live-cell STED nanoscopy of plasma membrane. Bioorg Chem 2024; 150:107554. [PMID: 38878753 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Plasma membranes are vital biological structures, serving as protective barriers and participating in various cellular processes. In the field of super-resolution optical microscopy, stimulated emission depletion (STED) nanoscopy has emerged as a powerful method for investigating plasma membrane-related phenomena. However, many applications of STED microscopy are critically restricted by the limited availability of suitable fluorescent probes. This paper reports on the development of two amphiphilic membrane probes, SHE-2H and SHE-2N, specially designed for STED nanoscopy. SHE-2N, in particular, demonstrates quick and stable plasma membrane labelling with negligible intracellular redistribution. Both probes exhibit outstanding photostability and resolution improvement in STED nanoscopy, and are also suited for two-photon excitation microscopy. Furthermore, microscopy experiments and cytotoxicity tests revealed no noticeable cytotoxicity of probe SHE-2N at concentration used for fluorescence imaging. Spectral analysis and fluorescence lifetime measurements conducted on probe SHE-2N using giant unilamellar vesicles, revealed that emission spectra and fluorescence lifetimes exhibited minimal sensitivity to lipid composition variations. These novel probes significantly augment the arsenal of tools available for high-resolution plasma membrane research, enabling a more profound exploration of cellular processes and dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Kokot
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Boštjan Kokot
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Pišlar
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Hana Esih
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alen Gabrič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Dunja Urbančič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rojbin El
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Iztok Urbančič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stane Pajk
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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2
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Dasgupta A, Koerfer A, Kokot B, Urbančič I, Eggeling C, Carravilla P. Effects and avoidance of photoconversion-induced artifacts in confocal and STED microscopy. Nat Methods 2024; 21:1171-1174. [PMID: 38834747 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-024-02297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescence microscopy is limited by photoconversion due to continuous illumination, which results in not only photobleaching but also conversion of fluorescent molecules into species of different spectral properties through photoblueing. Here, we determined different fluorescence parameters of photoconverted products for various fluorophores under standard confocal and stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy conditions. We observed changes in both fluorescence spectra and lifetimes that can cause artifacts in quantitative measurements, which can be avoided by using exchangeable dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Dasgupta
- Institute for Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e.V., member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Jena, Germany
| | - Agnes Koerfer
- Institute for Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e.V., member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Jena, Germany
| | | | | | - Christian Eggeling
- Institute for Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e.V., member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Jena, Germany.
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Jena, Germany.
| | - Pablo Carravilla
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e.V., member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Jena, Germany.
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden.
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3
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Ragaller F, Sjule E, Urem YB, Schlegel J, El R, Urbancic D, Urbancic I, Blom H, Sezgin E. Quantifying Fluorescence Lifetime Responsiveness of Environment-Sensitive Probes for Membrane Fluidity Measurements. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:2154-2167. [PMID: 38415644 PMCID: PMC10926104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c07006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The structural diversity of different lipid species within the membrane defines its biophysical properties such as membrane fluidity, phase transition, curvature, charge distribution, and tension. Environment-sensitive probes, which change their spectral properties in response to their surrounding milieu, have greatly contributed to our understanding of such biophysical properties. To realize the full potential of these probes and avoid misinterpretation of their spectral responses, a detailed investigation of their fluorescence characteristics in different environments is necessary. Here, we examined the fluorescence lifetime of two newly developed membrane order probes, NR12S and NR12A, in response to alterations in their environments such as the degree of lipid saturation, cholesterol content, double bond position and configuration, and phospholipid headgroup. As a comparison, we investigated the lifetime sensitivity of the membrane tension probe Flipper in these environments. Applying fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) in both model membranes and biological membranes, all probes distinguished membrane phases by lifetime but exhibited different lifetime sensitivities to varying membrane biophysical properties (e.g., cholesterol). While the lifetime of Flipper is particularly sensitive to the membrane cholesterol content, the NR12S and NR12A lifetimes are moderately sensitive to both the cholesterol content and lipid acyl chains. Moreover, all of the probes exhibit longer lifetimes at longer emission wavelengths in membranes of any complexity. This emission wavelength dependency results in varying lifetime resolutions at different spectral regions, which are highly relevant for FLIM data acquisition. Our data provide valuable insights on how to perform FLIM with these probes and highlight both their potential and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Ragaller
- Department
of Women’s and Children’s Health, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Ellen Sjule
- Department
of Women’s and Children’s Health, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Yagmur Balim Urem
- Department
of Women’s and Children’s Health, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Jan Schlegel
- Department
of Women’s and Children’s Health, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Rojbin El
- Weatherall
Institute of Molecular Medicine, University
of Oxford, OX39DS Oxford, United
Kingdom
| | - Dunja Urbancic
- Weatherall
Institute of Molecular Medicine, University
of Oxford, OX39DS Oxford, United
Kingdom
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University
of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Iztok Urbancic
- Laboratory
of Biophysics, Condensed Matter Physics Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Hans Blom
- Science
for Life Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Department
of Women’s and Children’s Health, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
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4
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Havrdová M, Urbančič I, Tománková KB, Malina L, Poláková K, Štrancar J, Bourlinos AB. Intracellular Trafficking of Cationic Carbon Dots in Cancer Cell Lines MCF-7 and HeLa-Time Lapse Microscopy, Concentration-Dependent Uptake, Viability, DNA Damage, and Cell Cycle Profile. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1077. [PMID: 35162996 PMCID: PMC8835431 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) are potential tools for the labeling of cells with many advantages such as photostability, multicolor emission, small size, rapid uptake, biocompatibility, and easy preparation. Affinity towards organelles can be influenced by the surface properties of CDs which affect the interaction with the cell and cytoplasmic distribution. Organelle targeting by carbon dots is promising for anticancer treatment; thus, intracellular trafficking and cytotoxicity of cationic CDs was investigated. Based on our previous study, we used quaternized carbon dots (QCDs) for treatment and monitoring the behavior of two human cancer cell MCF-7 and HeLa lines. We found similarities between human cancer cells and mouse fibroblasts in the case of QCDs uptake. Time lapse microscopy of QCDs-labeled MCF-7 cells showed that cells are dying during the first two hours, faster at lower doses than at higher ones. QCDs at a concentration of 100 µg/mL entered into the nucleus before cellular death; however, at a dose of 200 µg/mL, blebbing of the cellular membrane occurred, with a subsequent penetration of QCDs into the nuclear area. In the case of HeLa cells, the dose-depended effect did not happen; however, the labeled cells were also dying in mitosis and genotoxicity occurred nearly at all doses. Moreover, contrasted intracellular compartments, probably mitochondria, were obvious after 24 h incubation with 100 µg/mL of QCDs. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) slightly increased after 24 h, depending on the concentration, thus the genotoxicity was likely evoked by the nanomaterial. A decrease in viability did not reach IC 50 as the DNA damage was probably partly repaired in the prolonged G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Thus, the defects in the G2/M phase may have allowed a damaged cell to enter mitosis and undergo apoptosis. The anticancer effect in both cell lines was manifested mainly through genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markéta Havrdová
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, Křížkovského 511/8, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Iztok Urbančič
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Condensed Matter Physics Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kateřina Bartoň Tománková
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Translational Medicine, Palacký University in Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Malina
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Translational Medicine, Palacký University in Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Poláková
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, Křížkovského 511/8, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Janez Štrancar
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Condensed Matter Physics Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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5
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Urbančič I, Schiffelers L, Jenkins E, Gong W, Santos AM, Schneider F, O'Brien-Ball C, Vuong MT, Ashman N, Sezgin E, Eggeling C. Aggregation and mobility of membrane proteins interplay with local lipid order in the plasma membrane of T cells. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:2127-2146. [PMID: 34160065 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
To disentangle the elusive lipid-protein interactions in T-cell activation, we investigate how externally imposed variations in mobility of key membrane proteins (T-cell receptor [TCR], kinase Lck, and phosphatase CD45) affect the local lipid order and protein colocalisation. Using spectral imaging with polarity-sensitive membrane probes in model membranes and live Jurkat T cells, we find that partial immobilisation of proteins (including TCR) by aggregation or ligand binding changes their preference towards a more ordered lipid environment, which can recruit Lck. Our data suggest that the cellular membrane is poised to modulate the frequency of protein encounters upon alterations of their mobility, for example in ligand binding, which offers new mechanistic insight into the involvement of lipid-mediated interactions in membrane-hosted signalling events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iztok Urbančič
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lisa Schiffelers
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Edward Jenkins
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Weijian Gong
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Ana Mafalda Santos
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Falk Schneider
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | | | - Mai Tuyet Vuong
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Nicole Ashman
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
- Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Christian Eggeling
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
- Institute of Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e.V., Jena, Germany
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6
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Revealing Inflammatory Indications Induced by Titanium Alloy Wear Debris in Periprosthetic Tissue by Label-Free Correlative High-Resolution Ion, Electron and Optical Microspectroscopy. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14113048. [PMID: 34205030 PMCID: PMC8199876 DOI: 10.3390/ma14113048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The metallic-associated adverse local tissue reactions (ALTR) and events accompanying worn-broken implant materials are still poorly understood on the subcellular and molecular level. Current immunohistochemical techniques lack spatial resolution and chemical sensitivity to investigate causal relations between material and biological response on submicron and even nanoscale. In our study, new insights of titanium alloy debris-tissue interaction were revealed by the implementation of label-free high-resolution correlative microscopy approaches. We have successfully characterized its chemical and biological impact on the periprosthetic tissue obtained at revision surgery of a fractured titanium-alloy modular neck of a patient with hip osteoarthritis. We applied a combination of photon, electron and ion beam micro-spectroscopy techniques, including hybrid optical fluorescence and reflectance micro-spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), helium ion microscopy (HIM) and micro-particle-induced X-ray emission (micro-PIXE). Micron-sized wear debris were found as the main cause of the tissue oxidative stress exhibited through lipopigments accumulation in the nearby lysosome. This may explain the indications of chronic inflammation from prior histologic examination. Furthermore, insights on extensive fretting and corrosion of the debris on nm scale and a quantitative measure of significant Al and V release into the tissue together with hydroxyapatite-like layer formation particularly bound to the regions with the highest Al content were revealed. The functional and structural information obtained at molecular and subcellular level contributes to a better understanding of the macroscopic inflammatory processes observed in the tissue level. The established label-free correlative microscopy approach can efficiently be adopted to study any other clinical cases related to ALTR.
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7
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Havrdová M, Urbančič I, Bartoň Tománková K, Malina L, Štrancar J, Bourlinos AB. Self-Targeting of Carbon Dots into the Cell Nucleus: Diverse Mechanisms of Toxicity in NIH/3T3 and L929 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115608. [PMID: 34070594 PMCID: PMC8198156 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is important to understand the nanomaterials intracellular trafficking and distribution and investigate their targeting into the nuclear area in the living cells. In our previous study, we firstly observed penetration of nonmodified positively charged carbon dots decorated with quaternary ammonium groups (QCDs) into the nucleus of mouse NIH/3T3 fibroblasts. Thus, in this work, we focused on deeper study of QCDs distribution inside two healthy mouse NIH/3T3 and L929 cell lines by fluorescence microspectroscopy and performed a comprehensive cytotoxic and DNA damage measurements. Real-time penetration of QCDs across the plasma cell membrane was recorded, concentration dependent uptake was determined and endocytic pathways were characterized. We found out that the QCDs concentration of 200 µg/mL is close to saturation and subsequently, NIH/3T3 had a different cell cycle profile, however, no significant changes in viability (not even in the case with QCDs in the nuclei) and DNA damage. In the case of L929, the presence of QCDs in the nucleus evoked a cellular death. Intranuclear environment of NIH/3T3 cells affected fluorescent properties of QCDs and evoked fluorescence blue shifts. Studying the intracellular interactions with CDs is essential for development of future applications such as DNA sensing, because CDs as DNA probes have not yet been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markéta Havrdová
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University, Křížkovského 511/8, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-58-563-4384
| | - Iztok Urbančič
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Condensed Matter Physics Department, “Jozef Stefan” Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (I.U.); (J.Š.)
| | - Kateřina Bartoň Tománková
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Translation Medicine, Palacký University in Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (K.B.T.); (L.M.)
| | - Lukáš Malina
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Translation Medicine, Palacký University in Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (K.B.T.); (L.M.)
| | - Janez Štrancar
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Condensed Matter Physics Department, “Jozef Stefan” Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (I.U.); (J.Š.)
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8
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Biagiotti G, Purić E, Urbančič I, Krišelj A, Weiss M, Mravljak J, Gellini C, Lay L, Chiodo F, Anderluh M, Cicchi S, Richichi B. Combining cross-coupling reaction and Knoevenagel condensation in the synthesis of glyco-BODIPY probes for DC-SIGN super-resolution bioimaging. Bioorg Chem 2021; 109:104730. [PMID: 33621778 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lectins are involved in a wide range of carbohydrate mediated recognition processes. Therefore, the availability of highly performant fluorescent tools tailored for lectin targeting and able to efficiently track events related to such key targets is in high demand. We report here on the synthesis of the glyco-BODIPYs 1 and 2, based on the efficient combination of a Heck-like cross coupling and a Knoevenagel condensation, which revealed efficient in addressing lectins. In particular, glyco-BODIPY 1 has two glycosidase stable C-mannose residues, which act as DC-SIGN (dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin) targeting modules. By using live-cell fluorescence microscopy, we proved that BODIPY-mannose 1 was efficiently taken up by immune cells expressing DC-SIGN receptors. Super-resolution stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy further revealed that the internalized 1 localized in membranes of endosomes, proving that 1 is a reliable tool also in STED applications. Of note, glyco-BODIPY 1 contains an aryl-azido group, which allows further functionalization of the glycoprobe with bioactive molecules, thus paving the way for the use of 1 for tracking lectin-mediated cell internalization in diverse biological settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Biagiotti
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3/13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI, Italy
| | - Edvin Purić
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Aškerčeva 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Iztok Urbančič
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Condensed Matter Physics, Department Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ana Krišelj
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Condensed Matter Physics, Department Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matjaž Weiss
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Aškerčeva 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Mravljak
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Aškerčeva 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Cristina Gellini
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3/13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI, Italy
| | - Luigi Lay
- Department of Chemistry and CRC Materiali Polimerici (LaMPo), University of Milan, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Chiodo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
| | - Marko Anderluh
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Aškerčeva 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Stefano Cicchi
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3/13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI, Italy.
| | - Barbara Richichi
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3/13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI, Italy.
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9
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Podlipec R, Arsov Z, Koklič T, Štrancar J. Characterization of blood coagulation dynamics and oxygenation in ex-vivo retinal vessels by fluorescence hyperspectral imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e202000021. [PMID: 32281304 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Blood coagulation mechanisms forming a blood clot and preventing hemorrhage have been extensively studied in the last decades. Knowing the mechanisms behind becomes very important particularly in the case of blood vessel diseases. Real-time and accurate diagnostics accompanied by the therapy are particularly needed, for example, in diseases related to retinal vasculature. In our study, we employ for the first time fluorescence hyperspectral imaging (fHSI) combined with the spectral analysis algorithm concept to assess physical as well as functional information of blood coagulation in real-time. By laser-induced local disruption of retinal vessels to mimic blood leaking and subsequent coagulation and a proper fitting algorithm, we were able to reveal and quantify the extent of local blood coagulation through direct identification of the change of oxyhemoglobin concentration within few minutes. We confirmed and illuminated the spatio-temporal evolution of the essential role of erythrocytes in the coagulation cascade as the suppliers of oxygenated hemoglobin. By additional optical tweezers force manipulation, we showed immediate aggregation of erythrocytes at the coagulation site. The presented fluorescence-based imaging concept could become a valuable tool in various blood coagulation diagnostics as well as theranostic systems if coupled with the laser therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rok Podlipec
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Condensed Matter Physics Department, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Ion Beam Center, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, Dresden, Germany
| | - Zoran Arsov
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Condensed Matter Physics Department, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tilen Koklič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Condensed Matter Physics Department, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Štrancar
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Condensed Matter Physics Department, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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10
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Urbančič I, Garvas M, Kokot B, Majaron H, Umek P, Cassidy H, Škarabot M, Schneider F, Galiani S, Arsov Z, Koklic T, Matallanas D, Čeh M, Muševič I, Eggeling C, Štrancar J. Nanoparticles Can Wrap Epithelial Cell Membranes and Relocate Them Across the Epithelial Cell Layer. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:5294-5305. [PMID: 30039976 PMCID: PMC6089500 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although the link between the inhalation of nanoparticles and cardiovascular disease is well established, the causal pathway between nanoparticle exposure and increased activity of blood coagulation factors remains unexplained. To initiate coagulation tissue factor bearing epithelial cell membranes should be exposed to blood, on the other side of the less than a micrometre thin air-blood barrier. For the inhaled nanoparticles to promote coagulation, they need to bind lung epithelial-cell membrane parts and relocate them into the blood. To assess this hypothesis, we use advanced microscopy and spectroscopy techniques to show that the nanoparticles wrap themselves with epithelial-cell membranes, leading to the membrane's disruption. The membrane-wrapped nanoparticles are then observed to freely diffuse across the damaged epithelial cell layer relocating epithelial cell membrane parts over the epithelial layer. Proteomic analysis of the protein content in the nanoparticles wraps/corona finally reveals the presence of the coagulation-initiating factors, supporting the proposed causal link between the inhalation of nanoparticles and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iztok Urbančič
- “Jožef
Stefan Institute”, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Weatherall
Institute of Molecular Medicine, University
of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3
9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Maja Garvas
- “Jožef
Stefan Institute”, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef
Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Boštjan Kokot
- “Jožef
Stefan Institute”, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Hana Majaron
- “Jožef
Stefan Institute”, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Polona Umek
- “Jožef
Stefan Institute”, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Center
of Excellence NAMASTE, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Hilary Cassidy
- Systems
Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Miha Škarabot
- “Jožef
Stefan Institute”, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Falk Schneider
- Weatherall
Institute of Molecular Medicine, University
of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3
9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Galiani
- Weatherall
Institute of Molecular Medicine, University
of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3
9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Zoran Arsov
- “Jožef
Stefan Institute”, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Center
of Excellence NAMASTE, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tilen Koklic
- “Jožef
Stefan Institute”, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Center
of Excellence NAMASTE, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - David Matallanas
- Systems
Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- School of
Medicine and Medical Science, University
College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Miran Čeh
- “Jožef
Stefan Institute”, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Igor Muševič
- “Jožef
Stefan Institute”, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty
of Mathematics and Physics, University of
Ljubljana, Jadranska
19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Christian Eggeling
- Weatherall
Institute of Molecular Medicine, University
of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3
9DS, United Kingdom
- Institute
of Applied Optics, Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena 07749, Germany
- Leibniz
Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Janez Štrancar
- “Jožef
Stefan Institute”, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Center
of Excellence NAMASTE, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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11
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Koklic T, Urbančič I, Zdovc I, Golob M, Umek P, Arsov Z, Dražić G, Pintarič Š, Dobeic M, Štrancar J. Surface deposited one-dimensional copper-doped TiO2 nanomaterials for prevention of health care acquired infections. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201490. [PMID: 30048536 PMCID: PMC6062141 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections acquired in healthcare facilities including hospitals, the so called healthcare acquired or nosocomial infections, are still of great concern worldwide and represent a significant economical burden. One of the major causes of morbidity is infection with Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which has been reported to survive on surfaces for several months. Bactericidal activity of copper-TiO2 thin films, which release copper ions and are deposited on glass surfaces and heated to high temperatures, is well known even when illuminated with very weak UVA light of about 10 μW/cm2. Lately, there is an increased intrerest for one-dimensional TiO2 nanomaterials, due to their unique properties, low cost, and high thermal and photochemical stability. Here we show that copper doped TiO2 nanotubes produce about five times more ·OH radicals as compared to undoped TiO2 nanotubes and that effective surface disinfection, determined by a modified ISO 22196:2011 test, can be achieved even at low intensity UVA light of 30 μW/cm2. The nanotubes can be deposited on a preformed surface at room temperature, resulting in a stable deposition resistant to multiple washings. Up to 103 microorganisms per cm2 can be inactivated in 24 hours, including resistant strains such as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase Escherichia coli (E. coli ESBL). This disinfection method could provide a valuable alternative to the current surface disinfection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilen Koklic
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- NAMASTE Center of Excellence, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Iztok Urbančič
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Human Immunology Unit, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Irena Zdovc
- NAMASTE Center of Excellence, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Majda Golob
- Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Polona Umek
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- NAMASTE Center of Excellence, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Zoran Arsov
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- NAMASTE Center of Excellence, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Goran Dražić
- Department of Materials Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Štefan Pintarič
- Institute of Environmental and Animal Hygiene with Animal Behaviour, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martin Dobeic
- Institute of Environmental and Animal Hygiene with Animal Behaviour, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Štrancar
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- NAMASTE Center of Excellence, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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12
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Arsov Z, Urbančič I, Štrancar J. Aggregation-induced emission spectral shift as a measure of local concentration of a pH-activatable rhodamine-based smart probe. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 190:486-493. [PMID: 28965064 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Generating activatable probes that report about molecular vicinity through contact-based mechanisms such as aggregation can be very convenient. Specifically, such probes change a particular spectral property only at the intended biologically relevant target. Xanthene derivatives, for example rhodamines, are able to form aggregates. It is typical to examine aggregation by absorption spectroscopy but for microscopy applications utilizing fluorescent probes it is very important to perform characterization by measuring fluorescence spectra. First we show that excitation spectra of aqueous solutions of rhodamine 6G can be very informative about the aggregation features. Next we establish the dependence of the fluorescence emission spectral maximum shift on the dimer concentration. The obtained information helped us confirm the possibility of aggregation of a recently designed and synthesized rhodamine 6G-based pH-activatable fluorescent probe and to study its pH and concentration dependence. The size of the aggregation-induced emission spectral shift at specific position on the sample can be measured by fluorescence microspectroscopy, which at particular pH allows estimation of the local concentration of the observed probe at microscopic level. Therefore, we show that besides aggregation-caused quenching and aggregation-induced emission also aggregation-induced emission spectral shift can be a useful photophysical phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoran Arsov
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Center of Excellence NAMASTE, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Iztok Urbančič
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Štrancar
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Center of Excellence NAMASTE, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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13
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Sezgin E, Schneider F, Zilles V, Urbančič I, Garcia E, Waithe D, Klymchenko AS, Eggeling C. Polarity-Sensitive Probes for Superresolution Stimulated Emission Depletion Microscopy. Biophys J 2017; 113:1321-1330. [PMID: 28734477 PMCID: PMC5607142 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The lateral organization of molecules in the cellular plasma membrane plays an important role in cellular signaling. A critical parameter for membrane molecular organization is how the membrane lipids are packed. Polarity-sensitive dyes are powerful tools to characterize such lipid membrane order, employing, for example, confocal and two-photon microscopy. The investigation of potential nanodomains, however, requires the use of superresolution microscopy. Here, we test the performance of the polarity-sensitive membrane dyes Di-4-ANEPPDHQ, Di-4-AN(F)EPPTEA, and NR12S in superresolution stimulated emission depletion microscopy. Measurements on cell-derived membrane vesicles, in the plasma membrane of live cells, and on single virus particles, show the high potential of these dyes for probing nanoscale membrane heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdinc Sezgin
- MRC Human Immunology UnitWeatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Falk Schneider
- MRC Human Immunology UnitWeatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria Zilles
- MRC Human Immunology UnitWeatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Iztok Urbančič
- MRC Human Immunology UnitWeatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Esther Garcia
- MRC Human Immunology UnitWeatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Dominic Waithe
- Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- CNRS UMR 7213, Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Christian Eggeling
- MRC Human Immunology UnitWeatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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14
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Arsov Z, Švajger U, Mravljak J, Pajk S, Kotar A, Urbančič I, Štrancar J, Anderluh M. Internalization and Accumulation in Dendritic Cells of a Small pH-Activatable Glycomimetic Fluorescent Probe as Revealed by Spectral Detection. Chembiochem 2015; 16:2660-7. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zoran Arsov
- Laboratory of Biophysics; Department of Condensed Matter Physics; Jozef Stefan Institute; Jamova 39 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
- Center of Excellence NAMASTE; Jamova 39 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Urban Švajger
- Blood Transfusion Centre of Slovenia; Šlajmerjeva 6 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Janez Mravljak
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Ljubljana; Aškerčeva 7 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Stane Pajk
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Ljubljana; Aškerčeva 7 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
- Laboratory of Biophysics; Department of Condensed Matter Physics; Jozef Stefan Institute; Jamova 39 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Anita Kotar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Ljubljana; Aškerčeva 7 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
- Slovenian NMR Centre; National Institute of Chemistry; Hajdrihova 19 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Iztok Urbančič
- Laboratory of Biophysics; Department of Condensed Matter Physics; Jozef Stefan Institute; Jamova 39 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Janez Štrancar
- Laboratory of Biophysics; Department of Condensed Matter Physics; Jozef Stefan Institute; Jamova 39 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
- Center of Excellence NAMASTE; Jamova 39 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Marko Anderluh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Ljubljana; Aškerčeva 7 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
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15
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Synthesis and fluorescence properties of environment-sensitive 7-(diethylamino)coumarin derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Ikoma H, Heshmat B, Wetzstein G, Raskar R. Attenuation-corrected fluorescence spectra unmixing for spectroscopy and microscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:19469-19483. [PMID: 25321030 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.019469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In fluorescence measurements, light is often absorbed and scattered by a sample both for excitation and emission, resulting in the measured spectra to be distorted. Conventional linear unmixing methods computationally separate overlapping spectra but do not account for these effects. We propose a new algorithm for fluorescence unmixing that accounts for the attenuation-related distortion effect on fluorescence spectra. Using a matrix representation, we derive forward measurement formation and a corresponding inverse method; the unmixing algorithm is based on nonnegative matrix factorization. We also demonstrate how this method can be extended to a higher-dimensional tensor form, which is useful for unmixing overlapping spectra observed under the attenuation effect in spectral imaging microscopy. We evaluate the proposed methods in simulation and experiments and show that it outperforms a conventional, linear unmixing method when absorption and scattering contributes to the measured signals, as in deep tissue imaging.
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