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Yang B, Chen Z, Wang C, Zhang L, Xiao S. Regular arrangement of dispersed 2D flakes detected by polarization of light. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:15586-15596. [PMID: 38859206 DOI: 10.1364/oe.520357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Regular arrangement of dispersed 2D flakes, as the "Wind-Chime" model, has been regarded as possible mechanism of spatial self-phase modulation. But this regular arrangement caused by the laser have not been confirmed, and the relation with the concentration of dispersed 2D flakes is still unclear. Here, the relationship between arrangement caused by electric field and polarized transmittance have been explored at first. Then, the model of flakes rotation to regular arrangement were established, which were proof by the response time by turning on/off electric field. On this basis, by building the polarization-related cross optical switch system, light-induced regular arrangement were observed and proven.
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2
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Abele CD, Giesselmann F. Dynamic light scattering analysis of size-selected graphene oxide 2D colloids fractioned via liquid crystal phase separation. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:6607-6617. [PMID: 35997161 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00662f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Exfoliated platelets of graphene oxide (GO) can be considered as polydisperse 2D colloids that form nematic colloidal liquid crystal phases in aqueous suspension even at very low concentrations thanks to their extremely high aspect ratios. However, with the rapidly emerging scientific interest in these GO-based liquid crystals, it became clear that the precise analysis and control of the GO sheet size distribution is essential, both for their scientific understanding and for potential applications, e.g., in optoelectronic devices, nanocomposites, or catalysis. In this work, we show that the mean effective (hydrodynamic) GO platelet width can be determined from the translational diffusion coefficient with depolarized dynamic light scattering by using a model for circular, infinitely thin disks. We further studied the phase separation process of biphasic isotropic-nematic GO dispersions and developed a simple fractionation protocol, which can be used to prepare relatively monodisperse fractions of GO sheets with widths ranging from 2.0-12.4 μm. Overall, we expect that the combined application of these relatively simple fractionation and analysis methods will advance the fabrication of well-defined and size-selected GO-based systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina D Abele
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Frank Giesselmann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
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3
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Sonin AS, Churochkina NA, Kaznacheev AV, Golovanov AV. Mesomorphism of Graphene Oxide Dispersions. COLLOID JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061933x21020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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4
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Abstract
We introduce and shortly summarize a variety of more recent aspects of lyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs), which have drawn the attention of the liquid crystal and soft matter community and have recently led to an increasing number of groups studying this fascinating class of materials, alongside their normal activities in thermotopic LCs. The diversity of topics ranges from amphiphilic to inorganic liquid crystals, clays and biological liquid crystals, such as viruses, cellulose or DNA, to strongly anisotropic materials such as nanotubes, nanowires or graphene oxide dispersed in isotropic solvents. We conclude our admittedly somewhat subjective overview with materials exhibiting some fascinating properties, such as chromonics, ferroelectric lyotropics and active liquid crystals and living lyotropics, before we point out some possible and emerging applications of a class of materials that has long been standing in the shadow of the well-known applications of thermotropic liquid crystals, namely displays and electro-optic devices.
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5
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Singh DP, Misra AK, Pandey KK, Pal B, Kumar N, Singh D, Kondratenko K, Duponchel B, Genevray P, Douali R. Spectroscopic, dielectric and nonlinear current–voltage characterization of a hydrogen-bonded liquid crystalline compound influenced via graphitic nanoflakes: An equilibrium between the experimental and theoretical studies. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.112537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Abstract
Lyotropic liquid crystals from colloidal particles have been known for more than a century, but have attracted a revived interest over the last few years. This is due to the developments in nanoscience and nanotechnology, where the liquid crystal order can be exploited to orient and reorient the anisotropic colloids, thus enabling, increasing and switching the preferential properties of the nanoparticles. In particular, carbon-based colloids like carbon nanotubes and graphene/graphene–oxide have increasingly been studied with respect to their lyotropic liquid crystalline properties over the recent years. We critically review aspects of lyotropic graphene oxide liquid crystal with respect to properties and behavior which seem to be generally established, but also discuss those effects that are largely unfamiliar so far, or as of yet of controversial experimental or theoretical outcome.
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7
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Pirlar MA, Mirghaed MR, Honarmand Y, Movahed SMS, Karimzadeh R. Light scattering through the graphene oxide liquid crystal in a micro-channel. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:23864-23874. [PMID: 31510285 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.023864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we examine the light scattering by the flow of levitated flakes in a micro-channel to characterize the tunable functionality of the graphene oxide liquid crystal in the nematic phase. Light interaction with the mentioned material is decomposed to the scattered and transmitted parts and they can determine the orientation of the flakes. Our results demonstrate that, pumping the graphene oxide sample through the micro-channel leads to increase the amplitude of scattered light. The time averaged of scattered light intensity grows by increasing volume fraction. We also find that, the higher volume fraction, the sooner reaching to saturated normalized scattered intensity is. To get deep insight about our experimental results, we rely on the general theoretical properties of the light scattering cross-section incorporating the fluctuation of director vector and dielectric tensor. Our proposal is a promising approach to carry out the mechanical-hydrodynamical approach for controlling the orientation of a typical liquid crystal.
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Masud AR, Hong SH, Shen TZ, Ahn CH, Song JK. Electrical switching of birefringence in zirconium phosphate colloids with various solvents. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:173-178. [PMID: 29328289 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.000173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Even though a graphene-oxide (GO) dispersion is attractive for electro-optical switching devices because of its high Kerr coefficient, it has several limitations such as chemical instability and optical loss due to absorption at visible wavelengths. Here we introduce the use of tetrabutylammonium-tethered α-zirconium phosphate (TBA-ZrP) colloid in various solvents for electro-optical switching devices; the TBA-ZrP colloid is chemically stable and optically transparent. We find that the electrical switching behavior of TBA-ZrP is sensitively dependent on the type of solvent. The TBA-ZrP colloid in acetone exhibits the highest effective Kerr coefficient and the fastest switching time, which is related to the unusual behavior of the viscosity of the TBA-ZrP colloid in acetone. Its viscosity is relatively low and less sensitive to concentration compared to ZrP in other solvents. This indicates that the motion of individual nanoparticles is relatively less restricted in acetone. These findings may be useful in developing electro-optical devices using lyotropic liquid crystal colloids.
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9
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Singh DP, Duponchel B, Boussoualem Y, Agrahari K, Manohar R, Kumar V, Pasricha R, Pujar GH, Inamdar SR, Douali R, Daoudi A. Dual photoluminescence and charge transport in an alkoxy biphenyl benzoate ferroelectric liquid crystalline–graphene oxide composite. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj02985g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
GO has been dispersed in a ferroelectric liquid crystalline material to prepare a FLC–GO composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Pratap Singh
- Unité de Dynamique et Structure des Matériaux Moléculaires (UDSMM), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale
- 62228 Calais
- France
- Unité de Dynamique et Structure des Matériaux Moléculaires (UDSMM), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale
- 59140 Dunkerque
| | - Benoit Duponchel
- Unité de Dynamique et Structure des Matériaux Moléculaires (UDSMM), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale
- 59140 Dunkerque
- France
| | - Yahia Boussoualem
- Unité de Dynamique et Structure des Matériaux Moléculaires (UDSMM), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale
- 59140 Dunkerque
- France
| | - Kaushlendra Agrahari
- Liquid Crystal Research Lab, Department of Physics, University of Lucknow
- Lucknow 226007
- India
| | - Rajiv Manohar
- Liquid Crystal Research Lab, Department of Physics, University of Lucknow
- Lucknow 226007
- India
| | - Veeresh Kumar
- Electron and Ion Microscopy Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory
- New Delhi 110012
- India
| | - Renu Pasricha
- Electron and Ion Microscopy Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory
- New Delhi 110012
- India
| | | | | | - Redouane Douali
- Unité de Dynamique et Structure des Matériaux Moléculaires (UDSMM), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale
- 62228 Calais
- France
| | - Abdelylah Daoudi
- Unité de Dynamique et Structure des Matériaux Moléculaires (UDSMM), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale
- 59140 Dunkerque
- France
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Ahmad RTM, Shen TZ, Masud AR, Ekanayaka TK, Lee B, Song JK. Guided Electro-Optical Switching of Small Graphene Oxide Particles by Larger Ones in Aqueous Dispersion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:13458-13463. [PMID: 27935312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Although the large Kerr coefficient of aqueous graphene oxide (GO) dispersions is quite attractive for electro-optical applications with low power consumption, the maximum birefringence of GO dispersions is not sufficiently high for actual display applications. Here we report that adding a small amount of larger GO particles (about 4 μm) into a high-concentration dispersion of small GO (about 0.2 μm) can improve the electro-optical sensitivity to an electric field and also the maximum birefringence. Large GOs induce the ordering of small particles and enhance the electro-optical switching. Large GOs have higher polarizability and are easily driven under an applied electric field, and the rotational motion of large GO particles leads to switching of surrounding small GO particles, improving the electro-optical performance. The binary mixture can overcome the limitations of pure dispersions of large GO or small GO particles; the former has high interparticle interaction, and the latter has low sensitivity to an electric field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Tariq Mehmood Ahmad
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, South Korea
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology , Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tian-Zi Shen
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, South Korea
| | - Aurangzeb Rashid Masud
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, South Korea
| | - Thilini K Ekanayaka
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, South Korea
| | - Bomi Lee
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, South Korea
| | - Jang-Kun Song
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, South Korea
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11
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Narayan R, Kim JE, Kim JY, Lee KE, Kim SO. Graphene Oxide Liquid Crystals: Discovery, Evolution and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:3045-68. [PMID: 26928388 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201505122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Revised: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The discovery and relevant research progress in graphene oxide liquid crystals (GOLCs), the latest class of 2D nanomaterials exhibiting colloidal liquid crystallinity arising from the intrinsic disc-like shape anisotropy, is highlighted. GOLC has conferred a versatile platform for the development of novel properties and applications based on the facile controllability of molecular scale alignment. The first part of this review offers a brief introduction to LCs, including the theoretical background. Particular attention has been paid to the different types of LC phases that have been reported thus far, such as nematic, lamellar and chiral phases. Several key parameters governing the ultimate stability of GOLC behavior, including pH and ionic strength of aqueous dispersions are highlighted. In a relatively short span of time since its discovery, GOLCs have proved their remarkable potential in a broad spectrum of applications, including highly oriented wet-spun fibers, self-assembled nanocomposites, and architectures for energy storage devices. The second part of this review is devoted to an exclusive overview of the relevant applications. Finally, an outlook is provided into this newly emerging research field, where two well established scientific communities for carbon nanomaterials and liquid crystals are ideally merged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Narayan
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Young Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Lee
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ouk Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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12
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Lin F, Tong X, Wang Y, Bao J, Wang ZM. Graphene oxide liquid crystals: synthesis, phase transition, rheological property, and applications in optoelectronics and display. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2015; 10:435. [PMID: 26546325 PMCID: PMC4636539 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-015-1139-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) liquid crystals (LCs) are macroscopically ordered GO flakes dispersed in water or polar organic solvents. Since the first report in 2011, GO LCs have attracted considerable attention for their basic properties and potential device applications. In this review, we summarize recent developments and present a comprehensive understanding of GO LCs via many aspects ranging from the exfoliation of GO flakes from graphite, to phases and phase transitions under various conditions, the orientational responses of GO under external magnetic and electric fields, and finally Kerr effect and display applications. The emphasis is placed on the unique and basic properties of GO and their ordered assembly. We will also discuss challenges and issues that need to be overcome in order to gain a more fundamental understanding and exploit full device potentials of GO LCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Lin
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin Tong
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanan Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
| | - Jiming Bao
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
| | - Zhiming M Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.
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Hong SH, Shen TZ, Song JK. Manipulation of structural color reflection in graphene oxide dispersions using electric fields. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:18969-18974. [PMID: 26367559 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.018969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous graphene oxide (GO) dispersions with a photonic crystal structure are carefully prepared to produce structural color reflection. We fabricate a simple reflective GO cell with a unique electrode design and demonstrate that the resulting structural color reflection is electrically erasable and rewritable. GO concentration and the direction of the electric field are vital factors in the development of the device. The resulting device works well, although it exhibits a rather slow response time; in particular, the spontaneous recovery time from dark to bright color reflection requires tens of minutes. Through the application of a horizontal electric field parallel to the substrate, the recovery time can be improved, resulting in a recovery period of 3 min. Although many unsolved issues remain, the findings in GO dispersion may provide a new possibility for color filter-less bi-stable color displays with low power consumption.
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