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Schake M. Examining and explaining the "generalized laws of reflection and refraction" at metasurface gratings. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2022; 39:1352-1359. [PMID: 36215578 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.460037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The widespread concept of "generalized laws of reflection and refraction" that is commonly applied to wave propagation through metasurfaces is thoroughly explained on the foundation of diffraction theory. This allows definition of strict constraints to the applicability of these generalized laws and highlights the underlying physical effects. A diffraction-based explanation of the reported phenomena is provided that yields a solid theoretical foundation for the prediction of experimental results and that clarifies many of the convoluted explanations found throughout the literature.
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Yaxin Z, Hongxin Z, Wei K, Lan W, Mittleman DM, Ziqiang Y. Terahertz smart dynamic and active functional electromagnetic metasurfaces and their applications. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2020; 378:20190609. [PMID: 32921231 PMCID: PMC7536021 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2019.0609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The demand for smart and multi-functional applications in the terahertz (THz) frequency band, such as for communication, imaging, spectroscopy, sensing and THz integrated circuits, motivates the development of novel active, controllable and informational devices for manipulating and controlling THz waves. Metasurfaces are planar artificial structures composed of thousands of unit cells or metallic structures, whose size is either comparable to or smaller than the wavelength of the illuminated wave, which can efficiently interact with the THz wave and exhibit additional degrees of freedom to modulate the THz wave. In the past decades, active metasurfaces have been developed by combining diode arrays, two-dimensional active materials, two-dimensional electron gases, phase transition material films and other such elements, which can overcome the limitations of conventional bulk materials and structures for applications in compact THz multi-functional antennas, diffractive devices, high-speed data transmission and high-resolution imaging. In this paper, we provide a brief overview of the development of dynamic and active functional electromagnetic metasurfaces and their applications in the THz band in recent years. Different kinds of active metasurfaces are cited and introduced. We believe that, in the future, active metasurfaces will be combined with digitalization and coding to yield more intelligent metasurfaces, which can be used to realize smart THz wave beam scanning, automatic target recognition imaging, self-adaptive directional high-speed data transmission network, biological intelligent detection and other such applications. This article is part of the theme issue 'Advanced electromagnetic non-destructive evaluation and smart monitoring'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Yaxin
- Terahertz Science Cooperative Innovation Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeng Hongxin
- Terahertz Science Cooperative Innovation Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Kou Wei
- Terahertz Science Cooperative Innovation Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Lan
- Terahertz Science Cooperative Innovation Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Yang Ziqiang
- Terahertz Science Cooperative Innovation Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, People's Republic of China
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Talebizadehsardari P, Eyvazian A, Musharavati F, Mahani RB, Sebaey TA. Elastic Wave Characteristics of Graphene Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposite Curved Beams Including Thickness Stretching Effect. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12102194. [PMID: 32992818 PMCID: PMC7601715 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aims at analyzing elastic wave characteristics in a polymeric nanocomposite curved beam reinforced by graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs). GNPs are adopted as a nanofiller inside the matrix to enhance the effective properties, which are approximated through Halpin-Tasi model and a modified rule of mixture. A higher-order shear deformation theory accounting for thickness stretching and the general strain gradient model to have both nonlocality and strain gradient size-dependency phenomena are adopted to model the nanobeam. A virtual work of Hamilton statement is utilized to get the governing motion equations and is solved in conjunction with the harmonic solution procedure. A comparative study shows the effects of small-scale coefficients, opening angle, weight fraction, the total number of layers in GNPs, and wave numbers on the propagation of waves in reinforced nanocomposite curved beams. This work is also developed for two different distribution of GNPs in a polymeric matrix, namely uniformly distribution and functionally graded one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouyan Talebizadehsardari
- Metamaterials for Mechanical, Biomechanical and Multiphysical Applications Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 758307, Vietnam;
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 758307, Vietnam
| | - Arameh Eyvazian
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Qatar University, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (A.E.); (F.M.)
| | - Farayi Musharavati
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Qatar University, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (A.E.); (F.M.)
| | - Roohollah Babaei Mahani
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
- Correspondence: (R.B.M.); (T.A.S.)
| | - Tamer A. Sebaey
- Engineering Management Department, College of Engineering, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 66833, Saudi Arabia
- Mechanical Design and Production Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Sharkia P.O. Box 44519, Egypt
- Correspondence: (R.B.M.); (T.A.S.)
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Shang S, Tang F, Ye X, Li Q, Li H, Wu J, Wu Y, Chen J, Zhang Z, Yang Y, Zheng W. High-Efficiency Metasurfaces with 2π Phase Control Based on Aperiodic Dielectric Nanoarrays. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10020250. [PMID: 32023807 PMCID: PMC7075171 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the high-efficiency phase control Si metasurfaces are investigated based on aperiodic nanoarrays unlike widely-used period structures, the aperiodicity of which providing additional freedom to improve metasurfaces' performance. Firstly, the phase control mechanism of Huygens nanoblocks is demonstrated, particularly the internal electromagnetic resonances and the manipulation of effective electrical/magnetic polarizabilities. Then, a group of high-transmission Si nanoblocks with 2π phase control is sought by sweeping the geometrical parameters. Finally, several metasurfaces, such as grating and parabolic lens, are numerically realized by the nanostructures with high efficiency. The conversion efficiency of the grating reaches 80%, and the focusing conversion efficiency of the metalens is 99.3%. The results show that the high-efficiency phase control metasurfaces can be realized based on aperiodic nanoarrays, i.e., additional design freedom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihui Shang
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China; (S.S.); (Y.Y.)
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China; (F.T.); (X.Y.); (Q.L.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Feng Tang
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China; (F.T.); (X.Y.); (Q.L.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Xin Ye
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China; (F.T.); (X.Y.); (Q.L.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Qingzhi Li
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China; (F.T.); (X.Y.); (Q.L.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Hailiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices & Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (Z.Z.); (W.Z.); Tel.: +86-1348-867-5143 (H.L.); +86-1360-817-4673(Z.Z.); +86-1539-9778-0786 (W.Z.)
| | - Jingjun Wu
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China; (F.T.); (X.Y.); (Q.L.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Yiman Wu
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China; (F.T.); (X.Y.); (Q.L.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Jun Chen
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China; (F.T.); (X.Y.); (Q.L.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China; (S.S.); (Y.Y.)
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (Z.Z.); (W.Z.); Tel.: +86-1348-867-5143 (H.L.); +86-1360-817-4673(Z.Z.); +86-1539-9778-0786 (W.Z.)
| | - Yuanjie Yang
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China; (S.S.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Wanguo Zheng
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China; (F.T.); (X.Y.); (Q.L.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (Z.Z.); (W.Z.); Tel.: +86-1348-867-5143 (H.L.); +86-1360-817-4673(Z.Z.); +86-1539-9778-0786 (W.Z.)
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