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1
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Ferreira MFS, Brambilla G, Thévenaz L, Feng X, Zhang L, Sumetsky M, Jones C, Pedireddy S, Vollmer F, Dragic PD, Henderson-Sapir O, Ottaway DJ, Strupiechonski E, Hernandez-Cardoso GG, Hernandez-Serrano AI, González FJ, Castro Camus E, Méndez A, Saccomandi P, Quan Q, Xie Z, Reinhard BM, Diem M. Roadmap on optical sensors. JOURNAL OF OPTICS (2010) 2024; 26:013001. [PMID: 38116399 PMCID: PMC10726224 DOI: 10.1088/2040-8986/ad0e85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Optical sensors and sensing technologies are playing a more and more important role in our modern world. From micro-probes to large devices used in such diverse areas like medical diagnosis, defence, monitoring of industrial and environmental conditions, optics can be used in a variety of ways to achieve compact, low cost, stand-off sensing with extreme sensitivity and selectivity. Actually, the challenges to the design and functioning of an optical sensor for a particular application requires intimate knowledge of the optical, material, and environmental properties that can affect its performance. This roadmap on optical sensors addresses different technologies and application areas. It is constituted by twelve contributions authored by world-leading experts, providing insight into the current state-of-the-art and the challenges their respective fields face. Two articles address the area of optical fibre sensors, encompassing both conventional and specialty optical fibres. Several other articles are dedicated to laser-based sensors, micro- and nano-engineered sensors, whispering-gallery mode and plasmonic sensors. The use of optical sensors in chemical, biological and biomedical areas is discussed in some other papers. Different approaches required to satisfy applications at visible, infrared and THz spectral regions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xian Feng
- Jiangsu Normal University, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Zhejiang University, People’s Republic of China
| | - Misha Sumetsky
- Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Callum Jones
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Srikanth Pedireddy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Frank Vollmer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Peter D Dragic
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States of America
| | - Ori Henderson-Sapir
- Department of Physics and Institute of Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia
- OzGrav, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Mirage Photonics, Oaklands Park, SA, Australia
| | - David J Ottaway
- Department of Physics and Institute of Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia
- OzGrav, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Paola Saccomandi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
| | - Qimin Quan
- NanoMosaic Inc., United States of America
| | - Zhongcong Xie
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, United States of America
| | - Björn M Reinhard
- Department of Chemistry and The Photonics Center, Boston University, United States of America
| | - Max Diem
- Northeastern University and CIRECA LLC, United States of America
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Wei L, Yu Y, Wang D, Yao S, Li N, Weng J, Zhang S, Liang J, Ma H, Yang J, Zhang Z. Research Progress on Magneto-Refractive Magnetic Field Fiber Sensors. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:3391. [PMID: 37050450 PMCID: PMC10098542 DOI: 10.3390/s23073391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The magnetic field is a vital physical quantity in nature that is closely related to human production life. Magnetic field sensors (namely magnetometers) have significant application value in scientific research, engineering applications, industrial productions, and so forth. Accompanied by the continuous development of magnetic materials and fiber-sensing technology, fiber sensors based on the Magneto-Refractive Effect (MRE) not only take advantage in compact structure, superior performance, and strong environmental adaptability but also further meet the requirement of the quasi-distributed/distributed magnetic field sensing; they manifest potential and great application value in space detection, marine environmental monitoring, etc. Consequently, the present and prevalent Magneto-Refractive Magnetic Field Fiber Sensors (MR-MFSs) are briefly summarized by this paper, proceeding from the perspective of physicochemical properties; design methods, basic performance and properties are introduced systematically as well. Furthermore, this paper also summarizes key fabrication techniques and future development trends of MR-MFSs, expecting to provide ideas and technical references for staff engaging in relevant research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (L.W.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Engineering Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China; (Y.Y.); (D.W.); (J.Y.)
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China; (Y.Y.); (D.W.); (J.Y.)
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Dongying Wang
- College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China; (Y.Y.); (D.W.); (J.Y.)
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Siyu Yao
- Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (L.W.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Engineering Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China; (Y.Y.); (D.W.); (J.Y.)
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (L.W.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Engineering Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China; (Y.Y.); (D.W.); (J.Y.)
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Junjie Weng
- Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (L.W.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Engineering Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China; (Y.Y.); (D.W.); (J.Y.)
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Shumao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (L.W.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Engineering Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China; (Y.Y.); (D.W.); (J.Y.)
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Jianqiao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (L.W.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Engineering Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China; (Y.Y.); (D.W.); (J.Y.)
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Hansi Ma
- College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China; (Y.Y.); (D.W.); (J.Y.)
| | - Junbo Yang
- College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China; (Y.Y.); (D.W.); (J.Y.)
| | - Zhenrong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (L.W.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Engineering Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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Yao S, Wang D, Yu Y, Zhang Z, Wei L, Yang J. Design of an Er-doped surface plasmon resonance-photonic crystal fiber to improve magnetic field sensitivity. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:41240-41254. [PMID: 36366606 DOI: 10.1364/oe.471614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In order to meet the demand for large-scale magnetic field testing, this paper proposes a D-shaped magneto-refractive photonic crystal fiber (MRPCF) based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) by using the erbium-doped materials. The four different structures of Models A, B, C, and D are designed by changing the diameter, the position, and the number of layers of the air holes, and the corresponding magnetic field sensing characteristics are analyzed. The results show that in the magnetic field range of 5-405 mT, the magnetic field sensitivities of Models A, B, C, and D are 28 pm/mT, 48 pm/mT, 36 pm/mT, and 21 pm/mT, respectively. Meanwhile, the figure of merit (FOM) of the four MRPCF-SPR sensors is investigated, which have FOMs of 4.8 × 10-4 mT-1, 6.4 × 10-4 mT-1, 1.9 × 10-4 mT-1, 0.9 × 10-4 mT-1. Model B has higher sensitivity and larger FOM. In addition, the effect of the structural parameters of Model B on the sensing performance is also studied. By optimizing each parameter, the magnetic field sensitivity of the optimized Model B is increased to 53 pm/mT, and its magneto-refractive sensitivity and FOM are 2.27 × 10-6 RIU/mT and 6.2 × 10-4 mT-1, respectively. It shows that the magneto-refractive effect of MRPCF can be effectively enhanced by optimizing the structural design of fiber. The proposed MRPCF is an all-solid-state fiber, which solves the instability problem of the magnetic fluid-filled fiber and reduces the complexity of the fabrication process. The all-solid-state MRPCF can be used in the development of quasi-distributed optical fiber magnetic field sensors and has broad applications in the fields of geological exploration, earthquake and tsunami monitoring, and military navigation.
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Zhao S, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Wang Z, Chen Y, Liu X, Yang Y, Dong Y, Huang Y, Wang T. Packaged optofluidic microbottle resonator for high-sensitivity bidirectional magnetic field sensing. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:2766-2769. [PMID: 35648925 DOI: 10.1364/ol.457168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a high-sensitivity bidirectional magnetic field sensor based on a packaged optofluidic microbottle resonator (OFMBR) filled with magnetic fluid (MF). The relationship between sensitivity and different wall thicknesses and radial modes of OFMBR is theoretically analyzed. Then the thin-wall OFMBR is fabricated by etching a capillary with the fusion discharge process. The OFMBR and tapered fiber is packaged with a portable and robust coupling configuration. By applying perpendicular or parallel magnetic field directions to the OFMBR, opposite refractive index responses of the MF can be obtained, with resonant wavelengths redshifted or blueshifted as the magnetic field intensity is increased. A magnetic field sensitivity of 98.23 pm/mT can be obtained by using the second-order radial mode when the magnetic field is perpendicular to the packaged OFMBR. When the magnetic field is parallel to the packaged OFMBR, the sensitivity is -304.80 pm/mT by using the third-order radial mode and the detection limit reaches 0.0656 mT. The proposed sensor has the advantages of easy fabrication, high sensitivity, and reliability, showing a great potential in bidirectional magnetic field application.
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