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Wang B, Ganjee R, Khandaker I, Flohr K, He Y, Li G, Wesalo J, Sahel JA, da Silva S, Pi S. Deep learning based characterization of human organoids using optical coherence tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:3112-3127. [PMID: 38855657 PMCID: PMC11161340 DOI: 10.1364/boe.515781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Organoids, derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), are intricate three-dimensional in vitro structures that mimic many key aspects of the complex morphology and functions of in vivo organs such as the retina and heart. Traditional histological methods, while crucial, often fall short in analyzing these dynamic structures due to their inherently static and destructive nature. In this study, we leveraged the capabilities of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for rapid, non-invasive imaging of both retinal, cerebral, and cardiac organoids. Complementing this, we developed a sophisticated deep learning approach to automatically segment the organoid tissues and their internal structures, such as hollows and chambers. Utilizing this advanced imaging and analysis platform, we quantitatively assessed critical parameters, including size, area, volume, and cardiac beating, offering a comprehensive live characterization and classification of the organoids. These findings provide profound insights into the differentiation and developmental processes of organoids, positioning quantitative OCT imaging as a potentially transformative tool for future organoid research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Razieh Ganjee
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Irona Khandaker
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Keevon Flohr
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Yuanhang He
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guang Li
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Joshua Wesalo
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - José-Alain Sahel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Susana da Silva
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Shaohua Pi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Ren C, Hao S, Wang F, Matt A, Amaral MM, Yang D, Wang L, Zhou C. Dynamic contrast optical coherence tomography (DyC-OCT) for label-free live cell imaging. Commun Biol 2024; 7:278. [PMID: 38448627 PMCID: PMC10918170 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05973-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Dynamic contrast optical coherence tomography (DyC-OCT), an emerging imaging method, utilizes fluctuation patterns in OCT signals to enhance contrast, thereby enabling non-invasive label-free volumetric live cell imaging. In this mini review, we explain the core concepts behind DyC-OCT image formation and its system configurations, serving as practical guidance for future DyC-OCT users. Subsequently, we explore its applications in delivering high-quality, contrast-enhanced images of cellular morphology, as well as in monitoring changes in cellular activity/viability assay experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Imaging Science Ph.D. Program, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Senyue Hao
- Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Abigail Matt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Marcello Magri Amaral
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Biomedical Engineering, Universidade Brasil, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Yang
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Leyao Wang
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Imaging Science Ph.D. Program, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Abd El-Sadek I, Morishita R, Mori T, Makita S, Mukherjee P, Matsusaka S, Yasuno Y. Label-free visualization and quantification of the drug-type-dependent response of tumor spheroids by dynamic optical coherence tomography. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3366. [PMID: 38336794 PMCID: PMC10858208 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53171-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate label-free dynamic optical coherence tomography (D-OCT)-based visualization and quantitative assessment of patterns of tumor spheroid response to three anti-cancer drugs. The study involved treating human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7 cell-line) with paclitaxel (PTX), tamoxifen citrate (TAM), and doxorubicin (DOX) at concentrations of 0 (control), 0.1, 1, and 10 µM for 1, 3, and 6 days. In addition, fluorescence microscopy imaging was performed for reference. The D-OCT imaging was performed using a custom-built OCT device. Two algorithms, namely logarithmic intensity variance (LIV) and late OCT correlation decay speed (OCDS[Formula: see text]) were used to visualize the tissue dynamics. The spheroids treated with 0.1 and 1 µM TAM appeared similar to the control spheroid, whereas those treated with 10 µM TAM had significant structural corruption and decreasing LIV and OCDS[Formula: see text] over treatment time. The spheroids treated with PTX had decreasing volumes and decrease of LIV and OCDS[Formula: see text] signals over time at most PTX concentrations. The spheroids treated with DOX had decreasing and increasing volumes over time at DOX concentrations of 1 and 10 µM, respectively. Meanwhile, the LIV and OCDS[Formula: see text] signals decreased over treatment time at all DOX concentrations. The D-OCT, particularly OCDS[Formula: see text], patterns were consistent with the fluorescence microscopic patterns. The diversity in the structural and D-OCT results among the drug types and among the concentrations are explained by the mechanisms of the drugs. The presented results suggest that D-OCT is useful for evaluating the difference in the tumor spheroid response to different drugs and it can be a useful tool for anti-cancer drug testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Abd El-Sadek
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta City, Damietta, 34517, Egypt
| | - Rion Morishita
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
| | - Tomoko Mori
- Clinical Research and Regional Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Shuichi Makita
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
| | - Pradipta Mukherjee
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
| | - Satoshi Matsusaka
- Clinical Research and Regional Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Yasuno
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan.
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