Stability Indicating Assay Method on Vitamins: Application to their Stability Study in Parenteral Nutrition Admixtures

Simultaneous analysis of water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins through RP-HPLC/DAD in food supplements and brewer's yeast

The current study is focused on investigation and quantitation of seven commercially available on the Bulgarian market food supplements, containing multivitamin mixtures of water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins. In addition, a second fermentation brewer's yeast is also analyzed. The analytical procedures are performed on a RP-HPLC/DAD using Purospher STAR C18 (Merck Millipore, Germany) 5 μm, 25 × 0.46 cm column, conditioned at 25 °C in a column oven. Dionex UltiMate 3000 high performance liquid chromatograph was carried out in diode array detector, set up at 270 nm for water-soluble vitamins, except for vitamin B₅, where 210 nm was applied as analytical wavelength. The fat-soluble vitamins were detected at 325 nm and 265 nm for vitamin A and vitamin E, respectively. Two general methods were developed where Method 1 was based on gradient elution and Method 2 was based on isocratic elution. Both methods identified stated by the manufacturer labeled amounts. The developed methods are applicable for routine analysis of vitamin contents both in multivitamin preparations and in brewer's yeast from secondary fermentation.

Application of the HPLC Method in Parenteral Nutrition Assessment: Stability Studies of Ondansetron

Ondansetron (OND) is a serotonin type 3 receptor antagonist that exhibits antiemetic activity. From the clinical point of view, vomiting and nausea prevention is an important task. Anticancer treatment and recovery impact the patient’s overall state by affecting appetite, well-being, and physical activity, and consequently, nutrition quality. Depending on the patient’s indication and condition, parenteral nutrition is administered to meet full nutritional requirements. In addition, antiemetic drugs can be added to the parenteral nutrition (PN) admixture to treat chemo- or radio-therapy-induced nausea and vomiting. However, adding any medication to the PN admixture can result in the instability of the composition in the overall admixture. This study aimed to develop the HPLC method of determination of OND in Lipoflex special, one of the most popular, ready-to-use PN admixtures. The proposed HPLC method and the sample preparation procedure were suitable for analyzing OND in PN admixture stored under various conditions, such as exposure to sunlight and temperature. It was found that the decomposition of OND during the seven-day storage did not exceed 5% and did not depend on external factors. Based on the conducted research, it is recommended to add OND to Lipoflex special, and it is possible to store such an admixture for seven days.

A comprehensive approach for the simultaneous analysis of all main water-soluble vitamins in multivitamin preparations by a stability-indicating HPLC-DAD method

A stability-indicating HPLC-DAD method for simultaneous determination of all nine main water-soluble vitamins, in addition to two commonly used vitamers, was developed and fully validated in analytical ranges, adjusted to their recommended dietary allowance values. An XSelect CSH C18 column with gradient elution using phosphate buffer and methanol was used for their optimal separation. The results from forced degradation studies along with peak purity tests and response ratios at dual wavelengths for the individual vitamins in all tested samples confirmed the method's stability-indicative nature. The complete developed methodology, including a single sample preparation for the vitamins simultaneous analysis, was applied to their assay in 13 commercial multivitamin preparations, revealing mostly higher amounts than the label claims. The developed method is applicable for stability testing, multivitamin products shelf-life determination as well as routine assay analysis of all water-soluble vitamins in their most common forms, including the analytically most demanding flavin mononucleotide.

Development of a Stability Indicating Method for Simultaneous Analysis of Five Water-Soluble Vitamins by Liquid Chromatography

Background

Water-soluble vitamins are often included simultaneously in pharmaceutical formulations as food complements or in parenteral nutrition mixtures. Given their sensitivity to heat, light or pH variations, it is important to study their stability using validated stability indicating methods. We thus aimed to validate a liquid chromatography (LC) stability-indicating method for the simultaneous quantification of 5 water-soluble vitamins.

Methods

We analyzed four water-soluble B vitamins (nicotinamide, pyridoxine, folic acid, cyanocobalamin) and ascorbic acid using a LC method with diode array detector. They were separated on a C18 stationary phase under gradient elution of solvent A [0.2 % of metaphosphoric acid in water and acetonitrile 98:2] and solvent B (100 % acetonitrile). All vitamins were subjected to forced degradation conditions and we showed that the obtained degradation products didn’t interfere with the vitamins.

Results

The method allows the separation of the 5 water-soluble vitamins in a 30 minute run without any interference from the breakdown products obtained with acid/alkaline solutions, hydrogen peroxide, temperature and light. It meets all the qualitative and quantitative criteria for validation with an acceptable accuracy and good linearity.

Conclusions

This stability-indicating method can be used for carrying out stability studies of water-soluble vitamins in pharmaceutical preparations.

Validation of an RPHPTLC-Densitometric Method Using Silica Gel 60 RP18WF254 for Simultaneous Determination of Nicotinamide in Selected Pharmaceutical Formulations

This research study describes the applicability of silica gel 60 RPW18F254 plates for the development and validation of new, simple, economic, accurate, and precise RPHPTLC-densitometric method suitable for the quantification of nicotinamide (as Vitamin PP) in three marketed preparations. The mobile phase used was methanol-water in volume composition 3 : 7. Detection wavelength was 200 nm. The proposed method was validated according to ICH guidelines and also based on Ferenczi-Fodor and Konieczka reports. Results were found to be linear over a range of 1.00 to 2.00 μg/spot. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.15 μg/spot and 0.45 μg/spot, respectively. The percent content of nicotinamide in the investigated preparations was found to be 99.2% (Product 1), 99.3% (Product 2), and 99.4% (Product 3). Developed method is accurate and precise (CV < 3%) and may be successfully applied for the quality control of pharmaceutical formulations containing nicotinamide in the presence of its derivatives, such as N,N-diethylnicotinamide, N-methylnicotinamide, and nicotinic acid.

Pharmaceutical point of view on parenteral nutrition

Parenteral nutrition--a form of administering nutrients, electrolytes, trace elements, vitamins, and water--is a widely used mode of therapy applied in many diseases, in patients of different ages both at home and in hospital. The success of nutritional therapy depends chiefly on proper determination of the patient's energetic and electrolytic needs as well as preparation and administration of a safe nutritional mixture. As a parenterally administered drug, it is expected to be microbiologically and physicochemically stable, with all of the components compatible with each other. It is very difficult to obtain a stable nutritional mixture due to the fact that it is a complex, two-phase drug. Also, the risk of incompatibility between mixture components and packaging should be taken into consideration and possibly eliminated. Since parenteral nutrition is a part of therapy, simultaneous use of drugs may cause pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions as well as those with the pharmaceutical phase. The aim of this paper is to discuss such aspects of parenteral nutrition as mixture stability, methodology, and methods for determining the stability of nutritional mixtures and drugs added to them.