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Zhang R, Hu W, Liu J, Xu K, Liu Y, Yao Y, Liu M, Zhang XG, Li H, He P, Huo S. Electrochemical Synthesis of Urea: Co-Reduction of Nitrite and Carbon Dioxide on Binuclear Cobalt Phthalocyanine. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2403285. [PMID: 39031789 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Exploration of molecular catalysts with the atomic-level tunability of molecular structures offers promising avenues for developing high-performance catalysts for the electrochemical co-reduction reaction of carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrite (NO2 -) into value-added urea. In this work, a binuclear cobalt phthalocyanine (biCoPc) catalyst is prepared through chemical synthesis and applied as a C─N coupling catalyst toward urea. Achieving a remarkable Faradaic efficiency of 47.4% for urea production at -0.5 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), this biCoPc outperforms many known molecular catalysts in this specific application. Its unique planar macromolecular structure and the increased valence state of cobalt promote the adsorption of nitrogenous and carbonaceous species, a critical factor in facilitating the multi-electron C─N coupling. Combining highly sensitive in situ attenuated total reflection surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (ATR-SEIRAS) with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the linear adsorbed CO (COL) and bridge adsorbed CO (COB) is captured on biCoPc catalyst during the co-reduction reaction. COB, a pivotal intermediate in the co-reduction from CO2 and nitrite to urea, is evidenced to be labile and may be attacked by nitrite, promoting urea production. This work demonstrates the importance of designing molecular catalysts for efficient co-reduction of CO2 and nitrite to urea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Wenhui Hu
- International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Kaidi Xu
- International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yi Liu
- International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yahong Yao
- International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Minmin Liu
- International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xia-Guang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Hong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Peng He
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, ID, 46556, USA
| | - Shengjuan Huo
- International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
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Huo SJ, Wang JY, Yao JL, Cai WB. Exploring Electrosorption at Iron Electrode with in Situ Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2010; 82:5117-24. [DOI: 10.1021/ac1002323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Juan Huo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China, and Department of Chemistry, Suzhou University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jin-Yi Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China, and Department of Chemistry, Suzhou University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jian-Lin Yao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China, and Department of Chemistry, Suzhou University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wen-Bin Cai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China, and Department of Chemistry, Suzhou University, Suzhou 215123, China
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