1
|
Bele T, Turk T, Križaj I. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in cancer: Limitations and prospects. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166875. [PMID: 37673358 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have long been considered to solely mediate neurotransmission. However, their widespread distribution in the human body suggests a more diverse physiological role. Additionally, the expression of nAChRs is increased in certain cancers, such as lung cancer, and has been associated with cell proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal cell transition, angiogenesis and apoptosis prevention. Several compounds that interact with these receptors have been identified as potential therapeutic agents. They have been tested as drugs for treating nicotine addiction, alcoholism, depression, pain and Alzheimer's disease. This review focuses on nAChR-mediated signalling in cancer, presenting opportunities for the development of innovative nAChR-based anticancer drugs. It displays the differences in expression of each nAChR subunit between normal and cancer cells for selected cancer types, highlighting their possible involvement in specific cases. Antagonists of nAChRs that could complement existing cancer therapies are summarised and critically discussed. We hope that this review will stimulate further research on the role of nAChRs in cancer potentially leading to innovative cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Bele
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - T Turk
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - I Križaj
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Speculation on How RIC-3 and Other Chaperones Facilitate α7 Nicotinic Receptor Folding and Assembly. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27144527. [PMID: 35889400 PMCID: PMC9318448 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The process of how multimeric transmembrane proteins fold and assemble in the endoplasmic reticulum is not well understood. The alpha7 nicotinic receptor (α7 nAChR) is a good model for multimeric protein assembly since it has at least two independent and specialized chaperones: Resistance to Inhibitors of Cholinesterase 3 (RIC-3) and Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Regulator (NACHO). Recent cryo-EM and NMR data revealed structural features of α7 nAChRs. A ser-ala-pro (SAP) motif precedes a structurally important but unique "latch" helix in α7 nAChRs. A sampling of α7 sequences suggests the SAP motif is conserved from C. elegans to humans, but the latch sequence is only conserved in vertebrates. How RIC-3 and NACHO facilitate receptor subunits folding into their final pentameric configuration is not known. The artificial intelligence program AlphaFold2 recently predicted structures for NACHO and RIC-3. NACHO is highly conserved in sequence and structure across species, but RIC-3 is not. This review ponders how different intrinsically disordered RIC-3 isoforms from C. elegans to humans interact with α7 nAChR subunits despite having little sequence homology across RIC-3 species. Two models from the literature about how RIC-3 assists α7 nAChR assembly are evaluated considering recent structural information about the receptor and its chaperones.
Collapse
|
3
|
do Amaral CL, Martins ÍDCA, Veras ACC, Simabuco FM, Ross MG, Desai M, Ignácio-Souza LM, Milanski M, Torsoni AS, Torsoni MA. Activation of the α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Prevents against Microglial-Induced Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in Hypothalamic Neuronal Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142195. [PMID: 35883638 PMCID: PMC9323651 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal hypothalamic insulin resistance is implicated in energy balance dysregulation and contributes to the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. Its development has been intimately associated with a neuroinflammatory process mainly orchestrated by activated microglial cells. In this regard, our study aimed to investigate a target that is highly expressed in the hypothalamus and involved in the regulation of the inflammatory process, but still poorly investigated within the context of neuronal insulin resistance: the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAchR). Herein, we show that mHypoA-2/29 neurons exposed to pro-inflammatory microglial conditioned medium (MCM) showed higher expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, in addition to developing insulin resistance. Activation of α7nAchR with the selective agonist PNU-282987 prevented microglial-induced inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB nuclear translocation and increasing IL-10 and tristetraprolin (TTP) gene expression. The anti-inflammatory role of α7nAchR was also accompanied by an improvement in insulin sensitivity and lower activation of neurodegeneration-related markers, such as GSK3 and tau. In conclusion, we show that activation of α7nAchR anti-inflammatory signaling in hypothalamic neurons exerts neuroprotective effects and prevents the development of insulin resistance induced by pro-inflammatory mediators secreted by microglial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila Libardi do Amaral
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira 13484-350, Brazil; (C.L.d.A.); (Í.d.C.A.M.); (A.C.C.V.); (L.M.I.-S.); (M.M.); (A.S.T.)
| | - Ísis de Cássia Alves Martins
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira 13484-350, Brazil; (C.L.d.A.); (Í.d.C.A.M.); (A.C.C.V.); (L.M.I.-S.); (M.M.); (A.S.T.)
| | - Alana Carolina Costa Veras
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira 13484-350, Brazil; (C.L.d.A.); (Í.d.C.A.M.); (A.C.C.V.); (L.M.I.-S.); (M.M.); (A.S.T.)
| | - Fernando Moreira Simabuco
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira 13484-350, Brazil;
| | - Michael Glenn Ross
- The Lundquist Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.G.R.); (M.D.)
| | - Mina Desai
- The Lundquist Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.G.R.); (M.D.)
| | - Leticia Martins Ignácio-Souza
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira 13484-350, Brazil; (C.L.d.A.); (Í.d.C.A.M.); (A.C.C.V.); (L.M.I.-S.); (M.M.); (A.S.T.)
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Marciane Milanski
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira 13484-350, Brazil; (C.L.d.A.); (Í.d.C.A.M.); (A.C.C.V.); (L.M.I.-S.); (M.M.); (A.S.T.)
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Adriana Souza Torsoni
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira 13484-350, Brazil; (C.L.d.A.); (Í.d.C.A.M.); (A.C.C.V.); (L.M.I.-S.); (M.M.); (A.S.T.)
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Marcio Alberto Torsoni
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira 13484-350, Brazil; (C.L.d.A.); (Í.d.C.A.M.); (A.C.C.V.); (L.M.I.-S.); (M.M.); (A.S.T.)
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-864, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-19-37016680
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
DeLuca KF, Mick JE, Ide AH, Lima WC, Sherman L, Schaller KL, Anderson SM, Zhao N, Stasevich TJ, Varma D, Nilsson J, DeLuca JG. Generation and diversification of recombinant monoclonal antibodies. eLife 2021; 10:72093. [PMID: 34970967 PMCID: PMC8763395 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies are indispensable tools used for a large number of applications in both foundational and translational bioscience research; however, there are drawbacks to using traditional antibodies generated in animals. These include a lack of standardization leading to problems with reproducibility, high costs of antibodies purchased from commercial sources, and ethical concerns regarding the large number of animals used to generate antibodies. To address these issues, we have developed practical methodologies and tools for generating low-cost, high-yield preparations of recombinant monoclonal antibodies and antibody fragments directed to protein epitopes from primary sequences. We describe these methods here, as well as approaches to diversify monoclonal antibodies, including customization of antibody species specificity, generation of genetically encoded small antibody fragments, and conversion of single chain antibody fragments (e.g. scFv) into full-length, bivalent antibodies. This study focuses on antibodies directed to epitopes important for mitosis and kinetochore function; however, the methods and reagents described here are applicable to antibodies and antibody fragments for use in any field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keith F DeLuca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, United States
| | - Jeanne E Mick
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, United States
| | - Amy Hodges Ide
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, United States
| | - Wanessa C Lima
- Geneva Antibody Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lori Sherman
- CU Cancer Center Cell Technologies Shared Resource, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States
| | - Kristin L Schaller
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States
| | - Steven M Anderson
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States
| | - Ning Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, United States
| | - Timothy J Stasevich
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, United States
| | - Dileep Varma
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Jakob Nilsson
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Germany
| | - Jennifer G DeLuca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Urriola N, Lang B, Adelstein S. Evaluation of commercially available antibodies and fluorescent conotoxins for the detection of surface ganglionic acetylcholine receptor on the neuroblastoma cell line, IMR-32 by flow cytometry. J Immunol Methods 2021; 498:113124. [PMID: 34425081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2021.113124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Commercially available antibodies that bind to the human muscle acetylcholine receptor (ACHR) have been validated previously for flow cytometric use (Keefe et al., 2009; Leite et al., 2008; Lozier et al., 2015). Despite a multitude of commercially available antibodies to other nicotinic ACHRs, validation in a wide variety of immunoassay formats is lacking; when studied, a large proportion of these antibodies have been deemed not fit for most research purposes (Garg and Loring, 2017). We have recently described a flow cytometric immunomodulation assay for the diagnosis of Autoimmune Autonomic Ganglionopathy (AAG) (Urriola et al., 2021) that utilises the monoclonal antibody mab35(Urriola et al., 2021) which is specific for ganglionic ACHR (gnACHR) that contain α3 subunits (Vernino et al., 1998). Other fluorescent ligands for α3-gnACHR have not been validated for flow cytometric use. We investigated 7 commercially sourced antibodies and 3 synthetic fluorescent novel conotoxins purported to specifically bind to the extracellular domains of the gnACHR, and compared the results to staining by mab35, using flow cytometry with the neuroblastoma cell line IMR-32. We also evaluated the degree of non-specific binding by depleting the cell membrane of the relevant acetylcholine receptor with a pre-incubation step involving the serum from a patient with Autoimmune Autonomic Ganglionopathy containing pathogenic antibodies to the ganglionic acetylcholine receptor. None of the assessed conotoxins, and only one antibody (mab35) was found to perform adequately in flow cytometric staining of the native ganglionic acetylcholine receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Urriola
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Bethan Lang
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Stephen Adelstein
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Central Sydney Immunopathology Laboratory, NSW Health Pathology, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
The α7-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor is one of the most unique and interesting of all the members of the cys-loop superfamily of ligand-gated ion channels. Since it was first identified initially as a binding site for α-bungarotoxin in mammalian brain and later as a functional homomeric receptor with relatively high calcium permeability, it has been pursued as a potential therapeutic target for numerous indications, from Alzheimer disease to asthma. In this review, we discuss the history and state of the art for targeting α7 receptors, beginning with subtype-selective agonists and the basic pharmacophore for the selective activation of α7 receptors. A key feature of α7 receptors is their rapid desensitization by standard "orthosteric" agonist, and we discuss insights into the conformational landscape of α7 receptors that has been gained by the development of ligands binding to allosteric sites. Some of these sites are targeted by positive allosteric modulators that have a wide range of effects on the activation profile of the receptors. Other sites are targeted by direct allosteric agonist or antagonists. We include a perspective on the potential importance of α7 receptors for metabotropic as well as ionotropic signaling. We outline the challenges that exist for future development of drugs to target this important receptor and approaches that may be considered to address those challenges. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The α7-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) is acknowledged as a potentially important therapeutic target with functional properties associated with both ionotropic and metabotropic signaling. The functional properties of α7 nAChR can be regulated in diverse ways with the variety of orthosteric and allosteric ligands described in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roger L Papke
- Departments of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (R.L.P) and Chemistry (N.A.H.), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Nicole A Horenstein
- Departments of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (R.L.P) and Chemistry (N.A.H.), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hammarlund ME, Darsalia V, Mjörnstedt F, Pattanaik B, Mallard C, Rocha-Ferreira E, Patrone C, Johansson M. The selective alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist AR-R17779 does not affect ischemia-reperfusion brain injury in mice. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:BSR20210736. [PMID: 34008839 PMCID: PMC8200656 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20210736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays a central role in stroke-induced brain injury. The alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) can modulate immune responses in both the periphery and the brain. The aims of the present study were to investigate α7nAChR expression in different brain regions and evaluate the potential effect of the selective α7nAChR agonist AR-R17779 on ischemia-reperfusion brain injury in mice. Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) was used to evaluate the absolute expression of the gene encoding α7nAChR (Chrna7) in hippocampus, striatum, thalamus and cortex in adult, naïve mice. Mice subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) or sham surgery were treated with α7nAChR agonist AR-R17779 (12 mg/kg) or saline once daily for 5 days. Infarct size and microglial activation 7 days after tMCAO were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. Chrna7 expression was found in all analyzed brain regions in naïve mice with the highest expression in cortex and hippocampus. At sacrifice, white blood cell count was significantly decreased in AR-R17779 treated mice compared with saline controls in the sham groups, although, no effect was seen in the tMCAO groups. Brain injury and microglial activation were evident 7 days after tMCAO. However, no difference was found between mice treated with saline or AR-R17779. In conclusion, α7nAChR expression varies in different brain regions and, despite a decrease in white blood cells in sham mice receiving AR-R17779, this compound does not affect stroke-induced brain injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria E. Hammarlund
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Vladimer Darsalia
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Internal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Filip Mjörnstedt
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bagmi Pattanaik
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Carina Mallard
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eridan Rocha-Ferreira
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Cesare Patrone
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Internal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria E. Johansson
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sizer SE, Parrish BC, McCool BA. Chronic Ethanol Exposure Potentiates Cholinergic Neurotransmission in the Basolateral Amygdala. Neuroscience 2020; 455:165-176. [PMID: 33385490 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) exposure dysregulates glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission, facilitating basolateral amygdala (BLA) pyramidal neuron hyperexcitability and the expression of anxiety during withdrawal. It is unknown whether ethanol-induced alterations in nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) cholinergic projections to the BLA mediate anxiety-related behaviors through direct modulation of GABA and glutamate afferents. Following 10 days of CIE exposure and 24 h of withdrawal, we recorded GABAergic and glutamatergic synaptic responses in BLA pyramidal neurons with electrophysiology, assessed total protein expression of cholinergic markers, and quantified acetylcholine and choline concentrations using a colorimetric assay. We measured α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) dependent modulation of presynaptic function at distinct inputs in AIR- and CIE-exposed BLA coronal slices as a functional read-out of cholinergic neurotransmission. CIE/withdrawal upregulates the endogenous activity of α7 nAChRs, facilitating release at both GABAergic' local' interneuron and glutamatergic synaptic responses to stria terminalis (ST) stimulation, with no effect at GABAergic lateral paracapsular cells (LPCs). CIE caused a three-fold increase in BLA acetylcholine concentration, with no changes in α7 nAChR or cholinergic marker expression. These data illustrate that α7 nAChR-dependent changes in presynaptic function serve as a proxy for CIE-dependent alterations in synaptic acetylcholine levels. Thus, cholinergic projections appear to mediate CIE-induced alterations at GABA/glutamate inputs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Sizer
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Piedmont Triad Community Research Center (PTCRC), Wake Forest School of Medicine, 115 S Chestnut Street, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA.
| | - Brian C Parrish
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Piedmont Triad Community Research Center (PTCRC), Wake Forest School of Medicine, 115 S Chestnut Street, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA.
| | - Brian A McCool
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Piedmont Triad Community Research Center (PTCRC), Wake Forest School of Medicine, 115 S Chestnut Street, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Diabasana Z, Perotin JM, Belgacemi R, Ancel J, Mulette P, Delepine G, Gosset P, Maskos U, Polette M, Deslée G, Dormoy V. Nicotinic Receptor Subunits Atlas in the Adult Human Lung. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207446. [PMID: 33050277 PMCID: PMC7588933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are pentameric ligand-gated ion channels responsible for rapid neural and neuromuscular signal transmission. Although it is well documented that 16 subunits are encoded by the human genome, their presence in airway epithelial cells (AECs) remains poorly understood, and contribution to pathology is mainly discussed in the context of cancer. We analysed nAChR subunit expression in the human lungs of smokers and non-smokers using transcriptomic data for whole-lung tissues, isolated large AECs, and isolated small AECs. We identified differential expressions of nAChRs in terms of detection and repartition in the three modalities. Smoking-associated alterations were also unveiled. Then, we identified an nAChR transcriptomic print at the single-cell level. Finally, we reported the localizations of detectable nAChRs in bronchi and large bronchioles. Thus, we compiled the first complete atlas of pulmonary nAChR subunits to open new avenues to further unravel the involvement of these receptors in lung homeostasis and respiratory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zania Diabasana
- Inserm UMR-S1250, P3Cell, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR CAP-SANTE, 51092 Reims, France; (Z.D.); (J.-M.P.); (R.B.); (J.A.); (P.M.); (G.D.); (M.P.); (G.D.)
| | - Jeanne-Marie Perotin
- Inserm UMR-S1250, P3Cell, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR CAP-SANTE, 51092 Reims, France; (Z.D.); (J.-M.P.); (R.B.); (J.A.); (P.M.); (G.D.); (M.P.); (G.D.)
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, 51092 Reims, France
| | - Randa Belgacemi
- Inserm UMR-S1250, P3Cell, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR CAP-SANTE, 51092 Reims, France; (Z.D.); (J.-M.P.); (R.B.); (J.A.); (P.M.); (G.D.); (M.P.); (G.D.)
| | - Julien Ancel
- Inserm UMR-S1250, P3Cell, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR CAP-SANTE, 51092 Reims, France; (Z.D.); (J.-M.P.); (R.B.); (J.A.); (P.M.); (G.D.); (M.P.); (G.D.)
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, 51092 Reims, France
| | - Pauline Mulette
- Inserm UMR-S1250, P3Cell, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR CAP-SANTE, 51092 Reims, France; (Z.D.); (J.-M.P.); (R.B.); (J.A.); (P.M.); (G.D.); (M.P.); (G.D.)
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, 51092 Reims, France
| | - Gonzague Delepine
- Inserm UMR-S1250, P3Cell, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR CAP-SANTE, 51092 Reims, France; (Z.D.); (J.-M.P.); (R.B.); (J.A.); (P.M.); (G.D.); (M.P.); (G.D.)
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, 51092 Reims, France
| | - Philippe Gosset
- CNRS UMR9017, Inserm U1019, University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur, CIIL—Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000 Lille, France;
| | - Uwe Maskos
- Integrative Neurobiology of Cholinergic Systems, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3571, 75015 Paris, France;
| | - Myriam Polette
- Inserm UMR-S1250, P3Cell, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR CAP-SANTE, 51092 Reims, France; (Z.D.); (J.-M.P.); (R.B.); (J.A.); (P.M.); (G.D.); (M.P.); (G.D.)
- Department of Biopathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, 51092 Reims, France
| | - Gaëtan Deslée
- Inserm UMR-S1250, P3Cell, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR CAP-SANTE, 51092 Reims, France; (Z.D.); (J.-M.P.); (R.B.); (J.A.); (P.M.); (G.D.); (M.P.); (G.D.)
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, 51092 Reims, France
| | - Valérian Dormoy
- Inserm UMR-S1250, P3Cell, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR CAP-SANTE, 51092 Reims, France; (Z.D.); (J.-M.P.); (R.B.); (J.A.); (P.M.); (G.D.); (M.P.); (G.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)3-10-73-62-28; Fax: +33-(0)3-26-06-58-61
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nakamura Y, Kimura S, Takada N, Takemura M, Iwamoto M, Hisaoka-Nakashima K, Nakata Y, Morioka N. Stimulation of toll-like receptor 4 downregulates the expression of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors via histone deacetylase in rodent microglia. Neurochem Int 2020; 138:104751. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
11
|
Why Does Knocking Out NACHO, But Not RIC3, Completely Block Expression of α7 Nicotinic Receptors in Mouse Brain? Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10030470. [PMID: 32204458 PMCID: PMC7175337 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7nAChRs) are interesting not only because of their physiological effects, but because this receptor requires chaperones to traffic to cell surfaces (measured by alpha-bungarotoxin [αBGT] binding). While knockout (KO) animals and antibodies that react across species exist for tmem35a encoding the protein chaperone NACHO, commercially available antibodies against the chaperone RIC3 that allow Western blots across species have not been generally available. Further, no effects of deleting RIC3 function (ric3 KO) on α7nAChR expression are reported. Finally, antibodies against α7nAChRs have shown various deficiencies. We find mouse macrophages bind αBGT but lack NACHO. We also report on a new α7nAChR antibody and testing commercially available anti-RIC3 antibodies that react across species allowing Western blot analysis of in vitro cultures. These antibodies also react to specific RIC3 splice variants and single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Preliminary autoradiographic analysis reveals that ric3 KOs show subtle αBGT binding changes across different mouse brain regions, while tmem35a KOs show a complete loss of αBGT binding. These findings are inconsistent with effects observed in vitro, as RIC3 promotes αBGT binding to α7nAChRs expressed in HEK cells, even in the absence of NACHO. Collectively, additional regulatory factors are likely involved in the in vivo expression of α7nAChRs.
Collapse
|
12
|
Waeiss RA, Knight CP, Carvajal GB, Bell RL, Engleman EA, McBride WJ, Hauser SR, Rodd ZA. Peri-adolescent alcohol consumption increases sensitivity and dopaminergic response to nicotine during adulthood in female alcohol-preferring (P) rats: Alterations to α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expression. Behav Brain Res 2019; 376:112190. [PMID: 31473285 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adolescent alcohol drinking has been linked to increased risk for drug abuse during adulthood. Nicotine microinjected directly into the posterior ventral tegmental area (pVTA) stimulates dopamine (DA) release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell. The α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) is a potent regulator of dopaminergic activity in the pVTA. The current experiments examined the effects of peri-adolescent ethanol (EtOH) drinking on the ability of intra-pVTA nicotine to stimulate DA release during adulthood and alterations in α7 nAChR expression within the pVTA. Alcohol-preferring (P) female rats consumed EtOH and/or water during adolescence (post-natal day [PND] 30-60) or adulthood (PND 90-120). Thirty days following removal of EtOH, subjects received microinjections of 1 μM, 10 μM, or 50 μM nicotine into the pVTA concurrently with microdialysis for extracellular DA in the NAc shell. Brains were harvested from an additional cohort after PND 90 for quantification of α7 nAChR within the pVTA. The results indicated that only adolescent EtOH consumption produced a leftward and upward shift in the dose response curve for nicotine to stimulate DA release in the NAc shell. Investigation of α7 nAChR expression within the pVTA revealed a significant increase in animals that consumed EtOH during adolescence compared to naïve animals. The data suggests that peri-adolescent EtOH consumption produced cross-sensitization to the effects of nicotine during adulthood. The interaction between adolescent EtOH consumption and inflated adult risk for drug dependency could be predicated, at least in part, upon alterations in α7 nAChR expression within the mesolimbic reward pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Waeiss
- Program in Medical Neuroscience, Paul and Carole Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States.
| | - Christopher P Knight
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Gustavo B Carvajal
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Richard L Bell
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States; Paul and Carole Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Eric A Engleman
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States; Paul and Carole Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - William J McBride
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States; Paul and Carole Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Sheketha R Hauser
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Zachary A Rodd
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States; Paul and Carole Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Garg BK, Loring RH. GTS-21 has cell-specific anti-inflammatory effects independent of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214942. [PMID: 30947238 PMCID: PMC6448884 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
α7 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) reportedly reduce inflammation by blocking effects of the important pro-inflammatory transcription factor, nuclear factor kappa-light chain-enhancer of B cells (NFκB). The α7 nAChR partial agonist GTS-21 reduces secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL6) and tumor-necrosis factor (TNF) in models of endotoxemia and sepsis, and its anti-inflammatory effects are widely ascribed to α7 nAChR activation. However, mechanistic details of α7 nAChR involvement in GTS-21 effects on inflammatory pathways remain unclear. Here, we investigate how GTS-21 acts in two cell systems including the non-immune rat pituitary cell line GH4C1 expressing an NFκB-driven reporter gene and cytokine secretion by ex vivo cultures of primary mouse macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). GTS-21 does not change TNF-stimulated NFκB signaling in GH4C1 cells expressing rat α7 nAChRs, suggesting that GTS-21 requires additional unidentified factors besides α7 nAChR expression to allow anti-inflammatory effects in these cells. In contrast, GTS-21 dose-dependently suppresses LPS-induced IL6 and TNF secretion in primary mouse macrophages endogenously expressing α7 nAChRs. GTS-21 also blocks TNF-induced phosphorylation of NFκB inhibitor alpha (IκBα), an important intermediary in NFκB signaling. However, α7 antagonists methyllycaconitine and α-bungarotoxin only partially reverse GTS-21 blockade of IL6 and TNF secretion. Further, GTS-21 significantly inhibited LPS-induced IL6 and TNF secretion in macrophages isolated from knockout mice lacking α7 nAChRs. These data indicate that even though a discrete component of the anti-inflammatory effects of GTS-21 requires expression of α7 nAChRs in macrophages, GTS-21 also has anti-inflammatory effects independent of these receptors depending on the cellular context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brijesh K. Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ralph H. Loring
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
|
15
|
Morley BJ, Whiteaker P, Elgoyhen AB. Commentary: Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor α9 and α10 Subunits Are Expressed in the Brain of Mice. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:104. [PMID: 29765305 PMCID: PMC5938352 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Whiteaker
- Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Ana B Elgoyhen
- CONICET, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular Dr. Héctor N. Torres (INGEBI), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Medicinia, Instiuto de Farmaologia, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Weller MG. Ten Basic Rules of Antibody Validation. ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY INSIGHTS 2018; 13:1177390118757462. [PMID: 29467569 PMCID: PMC5813849 DOI: 10.1177/1177390118757462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The quality of research antibodies is an issue for decades. Although several papers have been published to improve the situation, their impact seems to be limited. This publication makes the effort to simplify the description of validation criteria in a way that the occasional antibody user is able to assess the validation level of an immunochemical reagent. A simple, 1-page checklist is supplied for the practical application of these criteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Weller
- Division 1.5 Protein Analysis, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|