1
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Watanabe K, Takayama S, Yamada T, Hashimoto M, Tadano J, Nakagawa T, Watanabe T, Fukusaki E, Miyawaki I, Shimma S. Novel mimetic tissue standards for precise quantitative mass spectrometry imaging of drug and neurotransmitter concentrations in rat brain tissues. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024:10.1007/s00216-024-05477-5. [PMID: 39126505 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the relationship between the concentration of a drug and its therapeutic efficacy or side effects is crucial in drug development, especially to understand therapeutic efficacy in central nervous system drug, quantifying drug-induced site-specific changes in the levels of endogenous metabolites, such as neurotransmitters. In recent times, evaluation of quantitative distribution of drugs and endogenous metabolites using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has attracted much attention in drug discovery research. However, MALDI-MSI quantification (quantitative mass spectrometry imaging, QMSI) is an emerging technique, and needs to be further developed for practicable and convenient use in drug discovery research. In this study, we developed a reliable QMSI method for quantification of clozapine (antipsychotic drug) and dopamine and its metabolites in the rat brain using MALDI-MSI. An improved mimetic tissue model using powdered frozen tissue for QMSI was established as an alternative method, enabling the accurate quantification of clozapine levels in the rat brain. Furthermore, we used the improved method to evaluate drug-induced fluctuations in the concentrations of dopamine and its metabolites. This method can quantitatively evaluate drug localization in the brain and drug-induced changes in the concentration of endogenous metabolites, demonstrating the usefulness of QMSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Watanabe
- Preclinical Research Unit, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Sayo Takayama
- Preclinical Research Unit, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Toichiro Yamada
- Preclinical Research Unit, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayo Hashimoto
- Preclinical Research Unit, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Tadano
- Research Planning & Coordination, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nakagawa
- Research Planning & Coordination, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Takao Watanabe
- Drug Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Fukusaki
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Osaka University Shimadzu Omics Innovation Research Laboratory, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Izuru Miyawaki
- Preclinical Research Unit, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Shuichi Shimma
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
- Osaka University Shimadzu Omics Innovation Research Laboratory, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
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2
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Vermeulen I, Rodriguez-Alvarez N, François L, Viot D, Poosti F, Aronica E, Dedeurwaerdere S, Barton P, Cillero-Pastor B, Heeren RMA. Spatial omics reveals molecular changes in focal cortical dysplasia type II. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 195:106491. [PMID: 38575092 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) represents a group of diverse localized cortical lesions that are highly epileptogenic and occur due to abnormal brain development caused by genetic mutations, involving the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). These somatic mutations lead to mosaicism in the affected brain, posing challenges to unravel the direct and indirect functional consequences of these mutations. To comprehensively characterize the impact of mTOR mutations on the brain, we employed here a multimodal approach in a preclinical mouse model of FCD type II (Rheb), focusing on spatial omics techniques to define the proteomic and lipidomic changes. Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MSI) combined with fluorescence imaging and label free proteomics, revealed insight into the brain's lipidome and proteome within the FCD type II affected region in the mouse model. MSI visualized disrupted neuronal migration and differential lipid distribution including a reduction in sulfatides in the FCD type II-affected region, which play a role in brain myelination. MSI-guided laser capture microdissection (LMD) was conducted on FCD type II and control regions, followed by label free proteomics, revealing changes in myelination pathways by oligodendrocytes. Surgical resections of FCD type IIb and postmortem human cortex were analyzed by bulk transcriptomics to unravel the interplay between genetic mutations and molecular changes in FCD type II. Our comparative analysis of protein pathways and enriched Gene Ontology pathways related to myelination in the FCD type II-affected mouse model and human FCD type IIb transcriptomics highlights the animal model's translational value. This dual approach, including mouse model proteomics and human transcriptomics strengthens our understanding of the functional consequences arising from somatic mutations in FCD type II, as well as the identification of pathways that may be used as therapeutic strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabeau Vermeulen
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4i), Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Liesbeth François
- UCB Pharma, Chemin du Foriest 1, 1420 Braine-l'Alleud, Walloon Region, Belgium
| | - Delphine Viot
- UCB Pharma, Chemin du Foriest 1, 1420 Braine-l'Alleud, Walloon Region, Belgium
| | - Fariba Poosti
- UCB Pharma, Chemin du Foriest 1, 1420 Braine-l'Alleud, Walloon Region, Belgium
| | - Eleonora Aronica
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Department of (Neuro)Pathology, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Achterweg 3, 2103 SW Heemstede, the Netherlands
| | | | - Patrick Barton
- UCB Pharma, 216 Bath Rd, Slough, SL1 3WE Berkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Berta Cillero-Pastor
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4i), Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering (cBITE), MERLN, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ET Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ron M A Heeren
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4i), Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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3
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Zhang Q, Li Y, Sui P, Sun XH, Gao Y, Wang CY. MALDI mass spectrometry imaging discloses the decline of sulfoglycosphingolipid and glycerophosphoinositol species in the brain regions related to cognition in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Talanta 2024; 266:125022. [PMID: 37619472 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Aging and neurodegenerative disease are accompanied by lipid perturbations in the brain. Understanding the changes in the contents and functional activity of lipids remains a challenge not only because of the many areas in which lipids perform bioactivities but also because of the technical limitations in identifying lipids and their metabolites. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate how brain lipids are altered in Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like pathology by using mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). The spatial distributions and relative abundances of lipids in the brains were compared between APP/PS1 mice and their age-matched wild-type (WT) mice by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) MSI assays. The comparisons were correlated with the analysis using a spectrophotometric method to determine the relative contents of sulfatides in different brain regions. Significant changes of brain lipids between APP/PS1 and WT mice were identified: eight sulfoglycosphingolipid species, namely, sulfatides/sulfated hexosyl ceramides (ShexCer) and two glycerophosphoinositol (GroPIn) species, PI 36:4 and PI 38:4. The declines in the spatial distributions of these ShexCer and GroPIn species in the APP/PS1 mice brains were associated with learning- and memory-related brain regions. Compared with young WT mice, aged WT mice showed significant decreases in the levels of these ShexCer and GroPIn species. Our results provide technical clues for assessing the impact of brain lipid metabolism on the senescent and neurodegenerative brain. The decline in sulfatides and GroPIns may be crucial markers during brain senescence and AD pathology. Appropriate lipid complementation might be important potentials as a therapeutic strategy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Ping Sui
- Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Xue-Heng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yufei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Chun-Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China; Translational Medicine Laboratory, Basic College of Medicine, Jilin Medical University, No.5 Jilin Street, Gaoxin Area, Jilin, 132013, China.
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4
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Kato D, Aoyama Y, Nishida K, Takahashi Y, Sakamoto T, Takeda I, Tatematsu T, Go S, Saito Y, Kunishima S, Cheng J, Hou L, Tachibana Y, Sugio S, Kondo R, Eto F, Sato S, Moorhouse AJ, Yao I, Kadomatsu K, Setou M, Wake H. Regulation of lipid synthesis in myelin modulates neural activity and is required for motor learning. Glia 2023; 71:2591-2608. [PMID: 37475643 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Brain function relies on both rapid electrical communication in neural circuitry and appropriate patterns or synchrony of neural activity. Rapid communication between neurons is facilitated by wrapping nerve axons with insulation by a myelin sheath composed largely of different lipids. Recent evidence has indicated that the extent of myelination of nerve axons can adapt based on neural activity levels and this adaptive myelination is associated with improved learning of motor tasks, suggesting such plasticity may enhance effective learning. In this study, we examined whether another aspect of myelin plasticity-changes in myelin lipid synthesis and composition-may also be associated with motor learning. We combined a motor learning task in mice with in vivo two-photon imaging of neural activity in the primary motor cortex (M1) to distinguish early and late stages of learning and then probed levels of some key myelin lipids using mass spectrometry analysis. Sphingomyelin levels were elevated in the early stage of motor learning while galactosylceramide levels were elevated in the middle and late stages of motor learning, and these changes were correlated across individual mice with both learning performance and neural activity changes. Targeted inhibition of oligodendrocyte-specific galactosyltransferase expression, the enzyme that synthesizes myelin galactosylceramide, impaired motor learning. Our results suggest regulation of myelin lipid composition could be a novel facet of myelin adaptations associated with learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Kato
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Cell Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Multicellular Circuit Dynamics, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Yuki Aoyama
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Cell Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nishida
- Division of System Neuroscience, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yutaka Takahashi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takumi Sakamoto
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Ikuko Takeda
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Cell Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Multicellular Circuit Dynamics, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Tsuyako Tatematsu
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Cell Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shiori Go
- Institute for Glyco-core Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yutaro Saito
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Cell Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shiho Kunishima
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Cell Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jinlei Cheng
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Cell Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Lingnan Hou
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Cell Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Tachibana
- Division of System Neuroscience, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shouta Sugio
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Cell Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Reon Kondo
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Cell Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Eto
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Japan
| | - Shumpei Sato
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Andrew J Moorhouse
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ikuko Yao
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Japan
| | - Kenji Kadomatsu
- Institute for Glyco-core Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Setou
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Wake
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Cell Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Multicellular Circuit Dynamics, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
- Center of Optical Scattering Image Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Hayama, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
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5
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Benkowska-Biernacka D, Mucha SG, Firlej L, Formalik F, Bantignies JL, Anglaret E, Samoć M, Matczyszyn K. Strongly Emitting Folic Acid-Derived Carbon Nanodots for One- and Two-Photon Imaging of Lyotropic Myelin Figures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37366586 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Non-invasive imaging of morphological changes in biologically relevant lipidic mesophases is essential for the understanding of membrane-mediated processes. However, its methodological aspects need to be further explored, with particular attention paid to the design of new excellent fluorescent probes. Here, we have demonstrated that bright and biocompatible folic acid-derived carbon nanodots (FA CNDs) may be successfully applied as fluorescent markers in one- and two-photon imaging of bioinspired myelin figures (MFs). Structural and optical properties of these new FA CNDs were first extensively characterized; they revealed remarkable fluorescence performance in linear and non-linear excitation regimes, justifying further applications. Then, confocal fluorescence microscopy and two-photon excited fluorescence microscopy were used to investigate a three-dimensional distribution of FA CNDs within the phospholipid-based MFs. Our results showed that FA CNDs are effective markers for imaging various forms and parts of multilamellar microstructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Benkowska-Biernacka
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Sebastian G Mucha
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), UMR5221, Université de Montpellier (CNRS), 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Lucyna Firlej
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), UMR5221, Université de Montpellier (CNRS), 34095 Montpellier, France
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Filip Formalik
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Micro, Nano, and Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jean-Louis Bantignies
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), UMR5221, Université de Montpellier (CNRS), 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Anglaret
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), UMR5221, Université de Montpellier (CNRS), 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Marek Samoć
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Matczyszyn
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
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6
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Fatty Acid 2-Hydroxylase and 2-Hydroxylated Sphingolipids: Metabolism and Function in Health and Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054908. [PMID: 36902339 PMCID: PMC10002949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids containing acyl residues that are hydroxylated at C-2 are found in most, if not all, eukaryotes and certain bacteria. 2-hydroxylated sphingolipids are present in many organs and cell types, though they are especially abundant in myelin and skin. The enzyme fatty acid 2-hydroxylase (FA2H) is involved in the synthesis of many but not all 2-hydroxylated sphingolipids. Deficiency in FA2H causes a neurodegenerative disease known as hereditary spastic paraplegia 35 (HSP35/SPG35) or fatty acid hydroxylase-associated neurodegeneration (FAHN). FA2H likely also plays a role in other diseases. A low expression level of FA2H correlates with a poor prognosis in many cancers. This review presents an updated overview of the metabolism and function of 2-hydroxylated sphingolipids and the FA2H enzyme under physiological conditions and in diseases.
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7
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Schwehr BJ, Hartnell D, Massi M, Hackett MJ. Luminescent Metal Complexes as Emerging Tools for Lipid Imaging. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2022; 380:46. [PMID: 35976575 PMCID: PMC9385838 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-022-00400-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence microscopy is a key tool in the biological sciences, which finds use as a routine laboratory technique (e.g., epifluorescence microscope) or more advanced confocal, two-photon, and super-resolution applications. Through continued developments in microscopy, and other analytical methods, the importance of lipids as constituents of subcellular organelles, signalling or regulating molecules continues to emerge. The increasing recognition of the importance of lipids to fundamental cell biology (in health and disease) has prompted the development of protocols and techniques to image the distribution of lipids in cells and tissues. A diverse suite of spectroscopic and microscopy tools are continuously being developed and explored to add to the "toolbox" to study lipid biology. A relatively recent breakthrough in this field has been the development and subsequent application of metal-based luminescent complexes for imaging lipids in biological systems. These metal-based compounds appear to offer advantages with respect to their tunability of the photophysical properties, in addition to capabilities centred around selectively targeting specific lipid structures or classes of lipids. The presence of the metal centre also opens the path to alternative imaging modalities that might not be applicable to traditional organic fluorophores. This review examines the current progress and developments in metal-based luminescent complexes to study lipids, in addition to exploring potential new avenues and challenges for the field to take.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley J Schwehr
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - David Hartnell
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia.,Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - Massimiliano Massi
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia.
| | - Mark J Hackett
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia. .,Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia.
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8
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Baijnath S, Kaya I, Nilsson A, Shariatgorji R, Andrén PE. Advances in spatial mass spectrometry enable in-depth neuropharmacodynamics. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2022; 43:740-753. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Le MUT, Shon HK, Nguyen HP, Lee CH, Kim KS, Na HK, Lee TG. Simultaneous Multiplexed Imaging of Biomolecules in Transgenic Mouse Brain Tissues Using Mass Spectrometry Imaging: A Multi-omic Approach. Anal Chem 2022; 94:9297-9305. [PMID: 35696262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The importance of multi-omic-based approaches to better understand diverse pathological mechanisms including neurodegenerative diseases has emerged. Spatial information can be of great help in understanding how biomolecules interact pathologically and in elucidating target biomarkers for developing therapeutics. While various analytical methods have been attempted for imaging-based biomolecule analysis, a multi-omic approach to imaging remains challenging due to the different characteristics of biomolecules. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) is a powerful tool due to its sensitivity, chemical specificity, and high spatial resolution in visualizing chemical information in cells and tissues. In this paper, we suggest a new strategy to simultaneously obtain the spatial information of various kinds of biomolecules that includes both labeled and label-free approaches using ToF-SIMS. The enzyme-assisted labeling strategy for the targets of interest enables the sensitive and specific imaging of large molecules such as peptides, proteins, and mRNA, a task that has been, to date, difficult for any MS analysis. Together with the strength of the analytical performance of ToF-SIMS in the label-free tissue imaging of small biomolecules, the proposed strategy allows one to simultaneously obtain integrated information of spatial distribution of metabolites, lipids, peptides, proteins, and mRNA at a high resolution in a single measurement. As part of the suggested strategy, we present a sample preparation method suitable for MS imaging. Because a comprehensive method to examine the spatial distribution of multiple biomolecules in tissues has remained elusive, our strategy can be a useful tool to support the understanding of the interactions of biomolecules in tissues as well as pathological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh-Uyen Thi Le
- Center for Nano-Bio Measurement, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon 34113, Korea.,Department of Nano Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Hyun Kyong Shon
- Center for Nano-Bio Measurement, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Hong-Phuong Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Science, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Shim Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Hee-Kyung Na
- Center for Nano-Bio Measurement, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Tae Geol Lee
- Center for Nano-Bio Measurement, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon 34113, Korea.,Department of Nano Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
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10
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Baumann A, Denninger AR, Domin M, Demé B, Kirschner DA. Metabolically-incorporated deuterium in myelin localized by neutron diffraction and identified by mass spectrometry. Curr Res Struct Biol 2022; 4:231-245. [PMID: 35941866 PMCID: PMC9356250 DOI: 10.1016/j.crstbi.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelin is a natural and dynamic multilamellar membrane structure that continues to be of significant biological and neurological interest, especially with respect to its biosynthesis and assembly during its normal formation, maintenance, and pathological breakdown. To explore the usefulness of neutron diffraction in the structural analysis of myelin, we investigated the use of in vivo labeling by metabolically incorporating non-toxic levels of deuterium (2H; D) via drinking water into a pregnant dam (D-dam) and her developing embryos. All of the mice were sacrificed when the pups (D-pups) were 55 days old. Myelinated sciatic nerves were dissected, fixed in glutaraldehyde and examined by neutron diffraction. Parallel samples that were unfixed (trigeminal nerves) were frozen for mass spectrometry (MS). The diffraction patterns of the nerves from deuterium-fed mice (D-mice) vs. the controls (H-mice) had major differences in the intensities of the Bragg peaks but no appreciable differences in myelin periodicity. Neutron scattering density profiles showed an appreciable increase in density at the center of the lipid-rich membrane bilayer. This increase was greater in D-pups than in D-dam, and its localization was consistent with deuteration of lipid hydrocarbon, which predominates over transmembrane protein in myelin. MS analysis of the lipids isolated from the trigeminal nerves demonstrated that in the pups the percentage of lipids that had one or more deuterium atoms was uniformly high across lipid species (97.6% ± 2.0%), whereas in the mother the lipids were substantially less deuterated (60.6% ± 26.4%) with levels varying among lipid species and subspecies. The mass distribution pattern of deuterium-containing isotopologues indicated the fraction (in %) of each lipid (sub-)species having one or more deuteriums incorporated: in the D-pups, the pattern was always bell-shaped, and the average number of D atoms ranged from a low of ∼4 in fatty acid to a high of ∼9 in cerebroside. By contrast, in D-dam most lipids had more complex, overlapping distributions that were weighted toward a lower average number of deuteriums, which ranged from a low of ∼3–4 in fatty acid and in one species of sulfatide to a high of 6–7 in cerebroside and sphingomyelin. The consistently high level of deuteration in D-pups can be attributed to their de novo lipogenesis during gestation and rapid, postnatal myelination. The widely varying levels of deuteration in D-dam, by contrast, likely depends on the relative metabolic stability of the particular lipid species during myelin maintenance. Our current findings demonstrate that stably-incorporated D label can be detected and localized using neutron diffraction in a complex tissue such as myelin; and moreover, that MS can be used to screen a broad range of deuterated lipid species to monitor differential rates of lipid turnover. In addition to helping to develop a comprehensive understanding of the de novo synthesis and turnover of specific lipids in normal and abnormal myelin, our results also suggest application to studies on myelin proteins (which constitute only 20–30% by dry mass of the myelin, vs. 70–80% for lipid), as well as more broadly to the molecular constituents of other biological tissues. Deuterium metabolically assimilated into gestating mouse pups via drinking water. Neutron diffraction localized deuterium to middle of myelin membrane bilayers. Mass spectrometry identified 26 deuterated lipid species as myelinic. Myelin of pups substantially more deuterated than that of their dam. Deuterium differentially distributed among lipid species and subspecies. De novo lipid biogenesis vs. steady-state maintenance readily distinguished. Novel paradigm suggests application to animal models of human myelinopathies.
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11
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Kotnala A, Anderson DM, Patterson NH, Cantrell LS, Messinger JD, Curcio CA, Schey KL. Tissue fixation effects on human retinal lipid analysis by MALDI imaging and LC-MS/MS technologies. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2021; 56:e4798. [PMID: 34881479 PMCID: PMC8711642 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) allows the location and abundance of lipids to be mapped across tissue sections of human retina. For reproducible and accurate information, sample preparation methods need to be optimized. Paraformaldehyde fixation of a delicate multilayer structure like human retina facilitates the preservation of tissue morphology by forming methylene bridge crosslinks between formaldehyde and amine/thiols in biomolecules; however, retina sections analyzed by IMS are typically fresh-frozen. To determine if clinically significant inferences could be reliably based on fixed tissue, we evaluated the effect of fixation on analyte detection, spatial localization, and introduction of artifactual signals. Hence, we assessed the molecular identity of lipids generated by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI-IMS) and liquid chromatography coupled tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for fixed and fresh-frozen retina tissues in positive and negative ion modes. Based on MALDI-IMS analysis, more lipid signals were observed in fixed compared with fresh-frozen retina. More potassium adducts were observed in fresh-frozen tissues than fixed as the fixation process caused displacement of potassium adducts to protonated and sodiated species in ion positive ion mode. LC-MS/MS analysis revealed an overall decrease in lipid signals due to fixation that reduced glycerophospholipids and glycerolipids and conserved most sphingolipids and cholesteryl esters. The high quality and reproducible information from untargeted lipidomics analysis of fixed retina informs on all major lipid classes, similar to fresh-frozen retina, and serves as a steppingstone towards understanding of lipid alterations in retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Kotnala
- Department of Biochemistry and Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - David M.G. Anderson
- Department of Biochemistry and Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Nathan Heath Patterson
- Department of Biochemistry and Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Lee S. Cantrell
- Department of Biochemistry and Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Jeffrey D. Messinger
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Christine A. Curcio
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Kevin L. Schey
- Department of Biochemistry and Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
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12
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Blomqvist M, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Månsson JE. Sulfatide in health and disease. The evaluation of sulfatide in cerebrospinal fluid as a possible biomarker for neurodegeneration. Mol Cell Neurosci 2021; 116:103670. [PMID: 34562592 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2021.103670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfatide (3-O-sulfogalactosylceramide, SM4) is a glycosphingolipid, highly multifunctional and particularly enriched in the myelin sheath of neurons. The role of sulfatide has been implicated in various biological fields such as the nervous system, immune system, host-pathogen recognition and infection, beta cell function and haemostasis/thrombosis. Thus, alterations in sulfatide metabolism and production are associated with several human diseases such as neurological and immunological disorders and cancers. The unique lipid-rich composition of myelin reflects the importance of lipids in this specific membrane structure. Sulfatide has been shown to be involved in the regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation and in the maintenance of the myelin sheath by influencing membrane dynamics involving sorting and lateral assembly of myelin proteins as well as ion channels. Sulfatide is furthermore essential for proper formation of the axo-glial junctions at the paranode together with axonal glycosphingolipids. Alterations in sulfatide metabolism are suggested to contribute to myelin deterioration as well as synaptic dysfunction, neurological decline and inflammation observed in different conditions associated with myelin pathology (mouse models and human disorders). Body fluid biomarkers are of importance for clinical diagnostics as well as for patient stratification in clinical trials and treatment monitoring. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is commonly used as an indirect measure of brain metabolism and analysis of CSF sulfatide might provide information regarding whether the lipid disruption observed in neurodegenerative disorders is reflected in this body fluid. In this review, we evaluate the diagnostic utility of CSF sulfatide as a biomarker for neurodegenerative disorders associated with dysmyelination/demyelination by summarising the current literature on this topic. We can conclude that neither CSF sulfatide levels nor individual sulfatide species consistently reflect the lipid disruption observed in many of the demyelinating disorders. One exception is the lysosomal storage disorder metachromatic leukodystrophy, possibly due to the genetically determined accumulation of non-metabolised sulfatide. We also discuss possible explanations as to why myelin pathology in brain tissue is poorly reflected by the CSF sulfatide concentration. The previous suggestion that CSF sulfatide is a marker of myelin damage has thereby been challenged by more recent studies using more sophisticated laboratory techniques for sulfatide analysis as well as improved sample selection criteria due to increased knowledge on disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Blomqvist
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Jan-Eric Månsson
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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13
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Zhou C, Cai M, Wang Y, Wu W, Yin Y, Wang X, Hu G, Wang H, Tan Q, Peng Z. The Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Cognitive Impairment and the Brain Lipidome in a Cuprizone-Induced Mouse Model of Demyelination. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:706786. [PMID: 34335176 PMCID: PMC8316767 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.706786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The protective effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on myelin integrity have been extensively studied, and growing evidence suggests that rTMS is beneficial in improving cognitive functions and promoting myelin repair. However, the association between cognitive improvement due to rTMS and changes in brain lipids remains elusive. In this study, we used the Y-maze and 3-chamber tests, as well as a mass spectrometry-based lipidomic approach in a CPZ-induced demyelination model in mice to assess the protective effects of rTMS on cuprizone (CPZ)-induced cognitive impairment and evaluate changes in lipid composition in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and striatum. We found that CPZ induced cognitive impairment and remarkable changes in brain lipids, specifically in glycerophospholipids. Moreover, the changes in lipids within the prefrontal cortex were more extensive, compared to those observed in the hippocampus and striatum. Notably, rTMS ameliorated CPZ-induced cognitive impairment and partially normalized CPZ-induced lipid changes. Taken together, our data suggest that rTMS may reverse cognitive behavioral changes caused by CPZ-induced demyelination by modulating the brain lipidome, providing new insights into the therapeutic mechanism of rTMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuihong Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Cai
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenjun Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuezhen Yin
- Minkang Hospital, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xianli Wang
- Minkang Hospital, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Guangtao Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huaning Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingrong Tan
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhengwu Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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14
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Hoxha E, Balbo I, Parolisi R, Audano M, Montarolo F, Ravera F, Guglielmotto M, Muratori L, Raimondo S, DiGregorio E, Buffo A, Brusco A, Borroni B, Mitro N, Caruso D, Tempia F. Elovl5 is required for proper action potential conduction along peripheral myelinated fibers. Glia 2021; 69:2419-2428. [PMID: 34139039 PMCID: PMC8453547 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Elovl5 elongates fatty acids with 18 carbon atoms and in cooperation with other enzymes guarantees the normal levels of very long‐chain fatty acids, which are necessary for a proper membrane structure. Action potential conduction along myelinated axons depends on structural integrity of myelin, which is maintained by a correct amount of fatty acids and a proper interaction between fatty acids and myelin proteins. We hypothesized that in Elovl5−/− mice, the lack of elongation of Elovl5 substrates might cause alterations of myelin structure. The analysis of myelin ultrastructure showed an enlarged periodicity with reduced G‐ratio across all axonal diameters. We hypothesized that the structural alteration of myelin might affect the conduction of action potentials. The sciatic nerve conduction velocity was significantly reduced without change in the amplitude of the nerve compound potential, suggesting a myelin defect without a concomitant axonal degeneration. Since Elovl5 is important in attaining normal amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are the principal component of myelin, we performed a lipidomic analysis of peripheral nerves of Elovl5‐deficient mice. The results revealed an unbalance, with reduction of fatty acids longer than 18 carbon atoms relative to shorter ones. In addition, the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids was strongly increased. These findings point out the essential role of Elovl5 in the peripheral nervous system in supporting the normal structure of myelin, which is the key element for a proper conduction of electrical signals along myelinated nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriola Hoxha
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Ilaria Balbo
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Roberta Parolisi
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Italy
| | - Matteo Audano
- Department. of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Ravera
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Italy
| | - Michela Guglielmotto
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Luisa Muratori
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefania Raimondo
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Eleonora DiGregorio
- Medical Genetics Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital and Dept. of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Annalisa Buffo
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alfredo Brusco
- Medical Genetics Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital and Dept. of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Barbara Borroni
- Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Nico Mitro
- Department. of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Donatella Caruso
- Department. of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Tempia
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,National Neuroscience Institute, Torino, Italy
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15
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Zhou CH, Xue SS, Xue F, Liu L, Liu JC, Ma QR, Qin JH, Tan QR, Wang HN, Peng ZW. The impact of quetiapine on the brain lipidome in a cuprizone-induced mouse model of schizophrenia. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110707. [PMID: 32905942 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The antipsychotic effect of Quetiapine (Que) has been extensively studied and growing evidence suggests that Que has a beneficial effect, improving cognitive functions and promoting myelin repair. However, the effects of Que on the brain lipidome and the association between Que-associated cognitive improvement and changes in lipids remain elusive. In the present study, we assessed the cognitive protective effects of Que treatment and used a mass spectrometry-based lipidomic approach to evaluated changes in lipid composition in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex (PFC), and striatum in a mouse model of cuprizone (CPZ)-induced demyelination. CPZ induces cognitive impairment and remarkable lipid changes in the brain, specifically in lipid species of glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids. Moreover, the changes in lipid classes of the PFC were more extensive than those observed in the hippocampus and striatum. Notably, Que treatment ameliorated cuprizone-induced cognitive impairment and partly normalized CPZ-induced lipid changes. Taken together, our data suggest that Que may rescue cognitive behavioral changes from CPZ-induced demyelination through modulation of the brain lipidome, providing new insights into the pharmacological mechanism of Que for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Hong Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China; Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shan-Shan Xue
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China; Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Fen Xue
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jun-Chang Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Quan-Rui Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China; Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, 750004, China
| | - Jun-Hui Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Qing-Rong Tan
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hua-Ning Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Zheng-Wu Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China; Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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