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Popuche D, Huaman A, Loyola S, Silva M, Jenkins SA, Guevara C. Development and validation of a vero cell-based suspension method for the detection of Zika virus. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica 2023; 40:297-306. [PMID: 37991033 PMCID: PMC10959515 DOI: 10.17843/rpmesp.2023.403.12606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE. To develop and validate a cell suspension method using Vero 76 cells for culturing Zika virus (ZIKV) based on infection of detached freshly seeded cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Three different multiplicities of infection of ZIKV were used to develop and compare this novel method to the standard confluent cell monolayer method. In addition, we preliminary validated the cell suspension method using well-characterized ZIKV positive and negative clinical samples. The standard confluent cell monolayer method was used as the reference method, and viral isolation was confirmed by a ZIKV-specific RT-PCR. The sensitivity and its 95% confidence intervals for the cell suspension method were estimated. Also, a technical comparison of the cell suspension method against the cell monolayer method was performed. RESULTS. Our findings suggested that both the viral load and replication of ZIKV were comparable between both monolayer- and suspension-infection methods. Although both methods were suitable for culturing and isolating ZIKV, the cell suspension method was easier, cheaper, and quicker as well as a sensitive isolation technique. The cell suspension method was significantly more sensitive in detecting Zika in inconclusive cases by RT-PCR, with a fourfold increase compared to the confluent cell monolayer method. CONCLUSION. The cell suspension method has the potential to be an effective method for cultivating and isolating ZIKV and its application is potentially useful in both research and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Popuche
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit SOUTH, Lima, Peru.U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit SOUTHLimaPeru
| | - Alfredo Huaman
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit SOUTH, Lima, Peru.U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit SOUTHLimaPeru
| | - Steev Loyola
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.Universidad Peruana Cayetano HerediaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad Peruana Cayetano HerediaLimaPeru
- Vysnova Partners Inc., Maryland, USAVysnova Partners Inc.MarylandUSA
| | - María Silva
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit SOUTH, Lima, Peru.U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit SOUTHLimaPeru
| | - Sarah A. Jenkins
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit SOUTH, Lima, Peru.U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit SOUTHLimaPeru
- Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, USANaval Medical CenterNaval Medical Research CenterSilver SpringUSA
| | - Carolina Guevara
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit SOUTH, Lima, Peru.U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit SOUTHLimaPeru
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Travelers to U.S.: Zika Virus Knowledge, Attitudes, and Determinants of Practices in the Middle East-Insights for Future Awareness Campaigns. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16142517. [PMID: 31337150 PMCID: PMC6678164 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16142517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Travelers act as sentinels for the spread of Zika virus. Imported Zika cases and the presence of Zika virus-transmitting mosquitoes have been documented in the Middle East. However, data on travelers’ knowledge, attitude and practices regarding Zika and its prevention measures within the Middle East are scarce. This study aimed to address this issue in a sample of Jordanian and non-Jordanian travelers to U.S. in Jordan. A paper-based questionnaire was distributed to 301 travelers to U.S. in Queen Alia International airport, Amman, Jordan. Only 2.7% of the travelers knew that Zika is associated with birth defects. A total of 10.4% of the participants knew that the bite of infected mosquitoes is a route of Zika transmission. Only 12.6% of respondents correctly identified Zika prevention measures. The level of education and future plans for pregnancy were significantly associated with a high knowledge score (R2 = 0.140, p-value < 0.005). Although 76.2% of the travelers perceived Zika as a health threat, only 11.2% believed in the efficacy of the prevention measures. Formulation of educational campaigns within Middle Eastern countries and development of awareness strategies regarding Zika and its prevention within the airports are required. This is particularly essential with the upcoming 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar.
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Pyke AT, Gunn W, Taylor C, Mackay IM, McMahon J, Jelley L, Waite B, May F. On the Home Front: Specialised Reference Testing for Dengue in the Australasian Region. Trop Med Infect Dis 2018; 3:E75. [PMID: 30274471 PMCID: PMC6161173 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed3030075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Reference laboratories are vital for disease control and interpreting the complexities and impact of emerging pathogens. The role of these centralized facilities extends beyond routine screening capabilities to provide rapid, specific, and accurate diagnoses, advanced data analysis, consultation services, and sophisticated disease surveillance and monitoring. Within the Australasian region, the Public Health Virology Laboratory (PHV), Forensic and Scientific Services, Department of Health, Queensland Government, Australia, and the Institute of Environmental Science and Research Limited (ESR), New Zealand (NZ) perform specialised reference testing and surveillance for dengue viruses (DENVs) and other emerging arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses), including chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Zika virus (ZIKV). With a focus on DENV, we review the reference testing performed by PHV (2005 to 2017) and ESR (2008 to 2017). We also describe how the evolution and expansion of reference-based methodologies and the adoption of new technologies have provided the critical elements of preparedness and early detection that complement frontline public health control efforts and limit the spread of arboviruses within Australasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa T Pyke
- Public Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, QLD 4108, Australia.
| | - Wendy Gunn
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Limited, Wallaceville, 5018 Upper Hutt, New Zealand.
| | - Carmel Taylor
- Public Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, QLD 4108, Australia.
| | - Ian M Mackay
- Public Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, QLD 4108, Australia.
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia.
| | - Jamie McMahon
- Public Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, QLD 4108, Australia.
| | - Lauren Jelley
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Limited, Wallaceville, 5018 Upper Hutt, New Zealand.
| | - Ben Waite
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Limited, Wallaceville, 5018 Upper Hutt, New Zealand.
| | - Fiona May
- Metro North Public Health Unit, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Queensland Health, Windsor, QLD 4030, Australia.
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Taylor CT, Mackay IM, McMahon JL, Wheatley SL, Moore PR, Finger MJ, Hewitson GR, Moore FA. Detection of Specific ZIKV IgM in Travelers Using a Multiplexed Flavivirus Microsphere Immunoassay. Viruses 2018; 10:v10050253. [PMID: 29757218 PMCID: PMC5977246 DOI: 10.3390/v10050253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) has spread widely in the Pacific and recently throughout the Americas. Unless detected by RT-PCR, confirming an acute ZIKV infection can be challenging. We developed and validated a multiplexed flavivirus immunoglobulin M (IgM) microsphere immunoassay (flaviMIA) which can differentiate ZIKV-specific IgM from that due to other flavivirus infections in humans. The flaviMIA bound 12 inactivated flavivirus antigens, including those from ZIKV and yellow fever virus (YFV), to distinct anti-flavivirus antibody coupled beads. These beads were used to interrogate sera from patients with suspected ZIKV infection following travel to relevant countries. FlaviMIA results were validated by comparison to the ZIKV plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). The results highlight the complexity of serological ZIKV diagnosis, particularly in patients previously exposed to, or vaccinated against, other flaviviruses. We confirmed 99 patients with ZIKV infection by a combination of RT-PCR and serology. Importantly, ZIKV antibodies could be discriminated from those ascribed to other flavivirus infections. Serological results were sometimes confounded by the presence of pre-existing antibodies attributed to previous flavivirus infection or vaccination. Where RT-PCR results were negative, testing of appropriately timed paired sera was necessary to demonstrate seroconversion or differentiation of recent from past infection with or exposure to ZIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmel T Taylor
- Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, Queensland, 4108, Australia.
| | - Ian M Mackay
- Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, Queensland, 4108, Australia.
| | - Jamie L McMahon
- Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, Queensland, 4108, Australia.
| | - Sarah L Wheatley
- Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, Queensland, 4108, Australia.
| | - Peter R Moore
- Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, Queensland, 4108, Australia.
| | - Mitchell J Finger
- Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, Queensland, 4108, Australia.
| | - Glen R Hewitson
- Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, Queensland, 4108, Australia.
| | - Frederick A Moore
- Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, Queensland, 4108, Australia.
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Moore PR, van den Hurk AF, Mackenzie JS, Pyke AT. Dengue viruses in Papua New Guinea: evidence of endemicity and phylogenetic variation, including the evolution of new genetic lineages. Emerg Microbes Infect 2017; 6:e114. [PMID: 29259329 PMCID: PMC5750459 DOI: 10.1038/emi.2017.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Dengue is the most common cause of mosquito-borne viral disease in humans, and is endemic in more than 100 tropical and subtropical countries. Periodic outbreaks of dengue have been reported in Papua New Guinea (PNG), but there is only limited knowledge of its endemicity and disease burden. To help elucidate the status of the dengue viruses (DENVs) in PNG, we performed envelope (E) gene sequencing of DENV serotypes 1-4 (DENV 1-4) obtained from infected patients who traveled to Australia or from patients diagnosed during local DENV transmission events between 2001 and 2016. Phylogenetic analysis and comparison with globally available DENV sequences revealed new endemic PNG lineages for DENV 1-3 which have emerged within the last decade. We also identified another possible PNG lineage for DENV-4 from 2016. The DENV-1 and 3 PNG lineages were most closely related to recent lineages circulating on Pacific island nations while the DENV-2 lineage and putative DENV-4 PNG lineage were most similar to Indonesian sequences. This study has demonstrated for the first time the co-circulation of DENV 1-4 strains in PNG and provided molecular evidence of endemic DENV transmission. Our results provide an important platform for improved surveillance and monitoring of DENVs in PNG and broaden the global understanding of DENV genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Moore
- Public Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, Queensland 4108, Australia
| | - Andrew F van den Hurk
- Public Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, Queensland 4108, Australia
| | - John S Mackenzie
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest, Nedlands, Western Australia 6909, Australia
| | - Alyssa T Pyke
- Public Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, Queensland 4108, Australia
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Bernardi Schneider A, Malone RW, Guo J, Homan J, Linchangco G, Witter ZL, Vinesett D, Damodaran L, Janies DA. Molecular evolution of Zika virus as it crossed the Pacific to the Americas. Cladistics 2016; 33:1-20. [DOI: 10.1111/cla.12178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Bernardi Schneider
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics University of North Carolina at Charlotte 9201 University City Blvd Charlotte 28223‐0001 NC USA
| | - Robert W. Malone
- Atheric Pharmaceutical 2981 Zion Road Troy VA 22974 USA
- Class of 2016 Harvard Medical School Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program Boston MA USA
| | - Jun‐Tao Guo
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics University of North Carolina at Charlotte 9201 University City Blvd Charlotte 28223‐0001 NC USA
| | - Jane Homan
- ioGenetics LLC 3591 Anderson Street, Suite 218 Madison WI 53704 USA
| | - Gregorio Linchangco
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics University of North Carolina at Charlotte 9201 University City Blvd Charlotte 28223‐0001 NC USA
| | - Zachary L. Witter
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics University of North Carolina at Charlotte 9201 University City Blvd Charlotte 28223‐0001 NC USA
| | - Dylan Vinesett
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics University of North Carolina at Charlotte 9201 University City Blvd Charlotte 28223‐0001 NC USA
| | - Lambodhar Damodaran
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics University of North Carolina at Charlotte 9201 University City Blvd Charlotte 28223‐0001 NC USA
| | - Daniel A. Janies
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics University of North Carolina at Charlotte 9201 University City Blvd Charlotte 28223‐0001 NC USA
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