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Tyszkiewicz C, Pardo ID, Ritenour HN, Liu CN, Somps C. Increases in GFAP immunoreactive astrocytes in the cerebellar molecular layer of young adult CBA/J mice. Lab Anim Res 2021; 37:24. [PMID: 34454633 PMCID: PMC8400896 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-021-00100-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background CBA/J mice are standard experimental animals in auditory studies, and age-related changes in auditory pathways are well documented. However, changes in locomotion-related brain regions have not been systematically explored. Results We showed an increase in immunoreactivity for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the cerebellar molecular layer associated with Purkinje cells in mice at 24 weeks of age but not in the younger mice. Increased GFAP immunoreactivity appeared in the form of clusters and distributed multifocally consistent with hyperplasia of astrocytes that were occasionally associated with Purkinje cell degeneration. Three out of 12 animals at 16 and 24 weeks of age exhibited pre-convulsive clinical signs. Two of these 3 animals also showed increased GFAP immunoreactivity in the cerebellum. Rotarod behavioral assessments indicated decreased performance at 24 weeks of age. Conclusions These results suggest minimal to mild reactive astrocytosis likely associated with Purkinje cell degeneration in the cerebellum at 24 weeks of age in CBA/J mice. These findings should be taken into consideration prior to using this mouse strain for studying neuroinflammation or aging. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s42826-021-00100-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Tyszkiewicz
- Comparative Medicine, Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Inc, MS 8274-1359, PGRD, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Ingrid D Pardo
- Global Pathology and Investigative Toxicology, Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Hayley N Ritenour
- Global Pathology and Investigative Toxicology, Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Chang-Ning Liu
- Comparative Medicine, Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Inc, MS 8274-1359, PGRD, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA.
| | - Chris Somps
- Global Pathology and Investigative Toxicology, Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
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Morigaki R, Lee JH, Yoshida T, Wüthrich C, Hu D, Crittenden JR, Friedman A, Kubota Y, Graybiel AM. Spatiotemporal Up-Regulation of Mu Opioid Receptor 1 in Striatum of Mouse Model of Huntington's Disease Differentially Affecting Caudal and Striosomal Regions. Front Neuroanat 2020; 14:608060. [PMID: 33362481 PMCID: PMC7758501 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2020.608060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The striatum of humans and other mammals is divided into macroscopic compartments made up of a labyrinthine striosome compartment embedded in a much larger surrounding matrix compartment. Anatomical and snRNA-Seq studies of the Huntington’s disease (HD) postmortem striatum suggest a preferential decline of some striosomal markers, and mRNAs studies of HD model mice concur. Here, by immunohistochemical methods, we examined the distribution of the canonical striosomal marker, mu-opioid receptor 1 (MOR1), in the striatum of the Q175 knock-in mouse model of HD in a postnatal time series extending from 3 to 19 months. We demonstrate that, contrary to the loss of many markers for striosomes, there is a pronounced up-regulation of MOR1 in these Q175 knock-in mice. We show that in heterozygous Q175 knock-in model mice [~192 cytosine-adenine-guanine (CAG) repeats], this MOR1 up-regulation progressed with advancing age and disease progression, and was particularly remarkable at caudal levels of the striatum. Given the known importance of MOR1 in basal ganglia signaling, our findings, though in mice, should offer clues to the pathogenesis of psychiatric features, especially depression, reinforcement sensitivity, and involuntary movements in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoma Morigaki
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Department of Advanced Brain Research, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Jannifer H Lee
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.,Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Tomoko Yoshida
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Christian Wüthrich
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Dan Hu
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Jill R Crittenden
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Institute for Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Alexander Friedman
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Yasuo Kubota
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Ann M Graybiel
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
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Yan W, Yao L, Liu W, Sun K, Zhang Z, Zhang L. A kind of rd1 mouse in C57BL/6J mice from crossing with a mutated Kunming mouse. Gene 2017; 607:9-15. [PMID: 28077313 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Revised: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We occasionally discovered a mouse with spontaneous retinitis pigmentosa (RP) from Kunming (KM) mouse breeding colony, with no obvious waveforms in ERG recordings. The aim of this study is to cross the spontaneously hereditary retinal degeneration mice (temporarily designated as KM/rd mice) derived from KM mice with C57BL/6J mice to establish a congenic inbred strain (temporarily designated as the B6/rd mice), and study the ocular phenotype and genotype of the mice. Fundus photography, tissue morphology, electroretinography (ERG), qRT-PCR, western blot and DNA sequence analysis were performed to observe the ocular phenotype and genotype of KM/rd and B6/rd mice. The fundus photography showed progressive retinal vascular degeneration and depigmentation in KM/rd and B6/rd mice. Compared to wild-type mice, the histological analysis revealed that the outer nuclear layer of the mutated mice was significantly reduced at 14days post born (P14), and almost disappeared by P21. No obvious waveforms were detected at P14 and P21 in the ERG from KM/rd and B6/rd mice. qRT-PCR results showed that the expression quantities of mRNA of pde6b gene in KM/rd and B6/rd mice were significantly lower compared with those of wild-type controls at P21. Western blot results confirmed an abnormal protein expression of pde6b gene in KM/rd and B6/rd mice with no protein products, while there was an obvious protein expression in wild-type mice. The nonsense mutation in exon 7 (a mutation that changes the codon 347 from TAC to TAA) in the pde6b gene of KM/rd and B6/rd mice was identified by genomic DNA sequence analysis. All these findings revealed that the ocular phenotype and genotype of KM/rd and B6/rd mice were similar to those of rd1 mice, which indicates that KM/rd and B6/rd mice can be used as an RP mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Yan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Aerospace Medicine, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of the National Education Ministry, The Fourth Military University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lu Yao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Aerospace Medicine, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of the National Education Ministry, The Fourth Military University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Medical Experiment Center, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shiji Ave., Xi'an-Xianyang New Ecomic Zone, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Aerospace Medicine, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of the National Education Ministry, The Fourth Military University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - ZuoMing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Aerospace Medicine, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of the National Education Ministry, The Fourth Military University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Aerospace Medicine, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of the National Education Ministry, The Fourth Military University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
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