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Inami S, Koh K. Sleep induced by mechanosensory stimulation provides cognitive and health benefits in Drosophila. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.10.602891. [PMID: 39026689 PMCID: PMC11257551 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.10.602891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Study Objectives Sleep is a complex phenomenon regulated by various factors, including sensory input. Anecdotal observations have suggested that gentle rocking helps babies fall asleep, and experimental studies have verified that rocking promotes sleep in both humans and mice. Recent studies have expanded this understanding, demonstrating that gentle vibration also induces sleep in Drosophila. Natural sleep serves multiple functions, including learning and memory, synaptic downscaling, and clearance of harmful substances associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we investigated whether vibration-induced sleep provides similar cognitive and health benefits in Drosophila. Methods We administered gentle vibration to flies that slept very little due to a forced activation of wake-promoting neurons and investigated how the vibration influenced learning and memory in the courtship conditioning paradigm. Additionally, we examined the effects of VIS on synaptic downscaling by counting synapse numbers of select neurons. Finally, we determined whether vibration could induce sleep in Drosophila models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and promote the clearance of Amyloid b (Ab) and Tubulin Associated Unit (TAU). Results Vibration-induced sleep enhanced performance in a courtship conditioning paradigm and reduced the number of synapses in select neurons. Moreover, vibration improved sleep in Drosophila models of AD, promoting the clearance of Ab and TAU. Conclusions Mechanosensory stimulation offers a promising non-invasive avenue for enhancing sleep, potentially providing associated cognitive and health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Inami
- Department of Neuroscience and the Farber Institute for Neurosciences, Thomas Jefferson University
| | - Kyunghee Koh
- Department of Neuroscience and the Farber Institute for Neurosciences, Thomas Jefferson University
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Nakano H, Sakai T. Impact of Drosophila LIM homeodomain protein Apterous on the morphology of the adult mushroom body. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 682:77-84. [PMID: 37804590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.09.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
A LIM homeodomain transcription factor Apterous (Ap) regulates embryonic and larval neurodevelopment in Drosophila. Although Ap is still expressed in the adult brain, it remains elusive whether Ap is involved in neurodevelopmental events in the adult brain because flies homozygous for ap mutations are usually lethal before they reach the adult stage. In this study, using adult escapers of ap knockout (KO) homozygotes, we examined whether the complete lack of ap expression affects the morphology of the mushroom body (MB) neurons and Pigment-dispersing factor (Pdf)-positive clock neurons in the adult brain. Although ap KO escapers showed severe structural defects of MB neurons, no clear morphological defects were found in Pdf-positive clock neurons. These results suggest that Ap in the adult brain is essential for the neurodevelopment of specific ap-positive neurons, but it is not necessarily involved in the development of all ap-positive neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikari Nakano
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Takaomi Sakai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan.
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Goncharova AA, Besedina NG, Bragina JV, Danilenkova LV, Kamysheva EA, Fedotov SA. Courtship suppression in Drosophila melanogaster: The role of mating failure. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290048. [PMID: 37561803 PMCID: PMC10414572 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Drosophila melanogaster is a popular model organism in the study of memory due to a wide arsenal of methods used to analyze neuronal activity. The most commonly used tests in research of behavioral plasticity are shock avoidance associated with chemosensory cues and courtship suppression after mating failure. Many authors emphasize the value of courtship suppression as a model of behavior most appropriate to natural conditions. However, researchers often investigate courtship suppression using immobilized and decapitated females as targets of courtship by males, which makes the data obtained from such flies less valuable. In our study, we evaluate courtship suppression towards immature mobile non-receptive females after training with mated or immature females combined with an aversive stimulus (quinine). We have shown that the previously described mechanisms of courtship suppression, as a result of the association of the courtship object with the repellent, as well as due to increased sensitivity to the anti-aphrodisiac cVA after mating failure, are not confirmed when immature mobile females are used. We discuss the reasons for the discrepancies between our results and literature data, define the conditions to be met in the courtship suppression test if the aim is to analyze the natural forms of behavioral plasticity, and present data on the test modifications to approximate conditions to natural ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A. Goncharova
- Laboratory of Comparative Behavioral Genetics, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Natalia G. Besedina
- Laboratory of Comparative Behavioral Genetics, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Julia V. Bragina
- Laboratory of Comparative Behavioral Genetics, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Larisa V. Danilenkova
- Laboratory of Comparative Behavioral Genetics, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena A. Kamysheva
- Laboratory of Comparative Behavioral Genetics, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergei A. Fedotov
- Laboratory of Comparative Behavioral Genetics, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Laboratory of Toxinology and Molecular Systematics, L.A. Orbeli Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, Saint Petersburg University, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Sgammeglia N, Widmer YF, Kaldun JC, Fritsch C, Bruggmann R, Sprecher SG. Memory phase-specific genes in the Mushroom Bodies identified using CrebB-target DamID. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010802. [PMID: 37307281 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of long-term memories requires changes in the transcriptional program and de novo protein synthesis. One of the critical regulators for long-term memory (LTM) formation and maintenance is the transcription factor CREB. Genetic studies have dissected the requirement of CREB activity within memory circuits, however less is known about the genetic mechanisms acting downstream of CREB and how they may contribute defining LTM phases. To better understand the downstream mechanisms, we here used a targeted DamID approach (TaDa). We generated a CREB-Dam fusion protein using the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster as model. Expressing CREB-Dam in the mushroom bodies (MBs), a brain center implicated in olfactory memory formation, we identified genes that are differentially expressed between paired and unpaired appetitive training paradigm. Of those genes we selected candidates for an RNAi screen in which we identified genes causing increased or decreased LTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Sgammeglia
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Yves F Widmer
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jenifer C Kaldun
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Fritsch
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Rémy Bruggmann
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Simon G Sprecher
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Gil-Martí B, Barredo CG, Pina-Flores S, Poza-Rodriguez A, Treves G, Rodriguez-Navas C, Camacho L, Pérez-Serna A, Jimenez I, Brazales L, Fernandez J, Martin FA. A simplified courtship conditioning protocol to test learning and memory in Drosophila. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:101572. [PMID: 36633946 PMCID: PMC9843266 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In Drosophila, a male that has previously been sexually rejected reduces its courtship behavior when confronted again with an unreceptive female. This reduced courting time reflects a memory formation process. Here, we describe a simplified protocol to perform the courtship conditioning assay for assessing the reduced courting time, using regular lab equipment and handmade tools. Every step of the procedure, from raising flies and training to testing and quantification of this memory-related behavior, can be implemented in any practice laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Gil-Martí
- Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Av Dr Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain; Department of Biology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Celia G Barredo
- Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Av Dr Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Pina-Flores
- Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Av Dr Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adriana Poza-Rodriguez
- Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Av Dr Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gaia Treves
- Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Av Dr Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Rodriguez-Navas
- Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Av Dr Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Camacho
- Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Av Dr Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Atenea Pérez-Serna
- Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Av Dr Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Iñaki Jimenez
- Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Av Dr Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Brazales
- Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Av Dr Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Fernandez
- Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Av Dr Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco A Martin
- Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Av Dr Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain.
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Yin JCP, Cui E, Hardin PE, Zhou H. Circadian disruption of memory consolidation in Drosophila. Front Syst Neurosci 2023; 17:1129152. [PMID: 37034015 PMCID: PMC10073699 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2023.1129152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of the circadian system in memory formation is an important question in neurobiology. Despite this hypothesis being intuitively appealing, the existing data is confusing. Recent work in Drosophila has helped to clarify certain aspects of the problem, but the emerging sense is that the likely mechanisms are more complex than originally conceptualized. In this report, we identify a post-training window of time (during consolidation) when the circadian clock and its components are involved in memory formation. In the broader context, our data suggest that circadian biology might have multiple roles during memory formation. Testing for its roles at multiple timepoints, and in different cells, will be necessary to resolve some of the conflicting data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry C. P. Yin
- Laboratory of Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Neurology Department, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- *Correspondence: Jerry C. P. Yin
| | - Ethan Cui
- Laboratory of Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Paul E. Hardin
- Department of Biology and Center for Biological Clocks Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Hong Zhou
- Laboratory of Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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Inami S, Sakai T. Circadian photoreceptors are required for light-dependent maintenance of long-term memory in Drosophila. Neurosci Res 2022; 185:62-66. [PMID: 36096270 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, environmental light is required for maintaining long-term memory (LTM). Furthermore, the Pigment dispersing factor (Pdf), which is a circadian neuropeptide, and the neuronal activity of Pdf neurons are essential for light-dependent maintenance of courtship LTM. Since Pdf neurons can sense light directly via circadian photoreceptors [Rhodopsin 7 (Rh7) and Cryptochrome (Cry)], it is possible that Rh7 and Cry in Pdf neurons are involved in the maintenance of LTM. In this study, using a courtship conditioning assay, we demonstrated that circadian photoreceptors in Pdf neurons are required for maintaining courtship LTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Show Inami
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Takaomi Sakai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan.
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Inami S, Sato T, Sakai T. Circadian Neuropeptide-Expressing Clock Neurons as Regulators of Long-Term Memory: Molecular and Cellular Perspectives. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:934222. [PMID: 35909447 PMCID: PMC9326319 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.934222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuropeptide pigment-dispersing factor (Pdf) is critically involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms in various insects. The function of Pdf in circadian rhythms has been best studied in the fruitfly, i.e., Drosophila melanogaster. Drosophila Pdf is produced in a small subset of circadian clock neurons in the adult brain and functions as a circadian output signal. Recently, however, Pdf has been shown to play important roles not only in regulating circadian rhythms but also in innate and learned behaviors in Drosophila. In this mini-review, we will focus on the current findings that Pdf signaling and Pdf-producing neurons are essential for consolidating and maintaining long-term memory induced by the courtship conditioning in Drosophila and discuss the mechanisms of courtship memory processing through Pdf-producing neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Show Inami
- Department of Neuroscience, Farber Institute for Neurosciences, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Tomohito Sato
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaomi Sakai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Takaomi Sakai
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Adam E, Hansson BS, Knaden M. Fast Learners: One Trial Olfactory Learning in Insects. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.876596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite their comparatively small brains, insects are able to survive and thrive in their environment. In the past, it was thought that insects are driven mainly by their instincts. However, today it is well established that they possess unique abilities to learn and use their experience in future decisions. Like many higher animals insects are able to acquire and retain information on when and where to forage, which mate to choose, where to lay their eggs and how to navigate in complex habitats. Learning can be surprisingly fast with only one single encounter with a suitable food source or oviposition site shaping an insect's preference for up to a lifetime. In this review, we discuss the scope and limits of insect learning, focusing in specific on olfactory learning, and we raise the question whether currently used learning paradigms in artificial lab set-ups are able to answer all ecologically relevant questions.
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Suzuki Y, Kurata Y, Sakai T. Dorsal‐lateral clock neurons modulate consolidation and maintenance of long‐term memory in
Drosophila. Genes Cells 2022; 27:266-279. [DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Suzuki
- Department of Biological Sciences Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo 192‐0397 Japan
| | - Yuto Kurata
- Department of Biological Sciences Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo 192‐0397 Japan
| | - Takaomi Sakai
- Department of Biological Sciences Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo 192‐0397 Japan
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