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Keogh RR, Kozhukhov T, Thijssen K, Shendruk TN. Active Darcy's Law. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:188301. [PMID: 38759204 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.188301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
While bacterial swarms can exhibit active turbulence in vacant spaces, they naturally inhabit crowded environments. We numerically show that driving disorderly active fluids through porous media enhances Darcy's law. While purely active flows average to zero flux, hybrid active/driven flows display greater drift than purely pressure-driven flows. This enhancement is nonmonotonic with activity, leading to an optimal activity to maximize flow rate. We incorporate the active contribution into an active Darcy's law, which may serve to help understand anomalous transport of swarming in porous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan R Keogh
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Timofey Kozhukhov
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Kristian Thijssen
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tyler N Shendruk
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
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2
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Matilla MA, Krell T. Targeting motility and chemotaxis as a strategy to combat bacterial pathogens. Microb Biotechnol 2023; 16:2205-2211. [PMID: 37387327 PMCID: PMC10686171 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Matilla
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del ZaidínConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGranadaSpain
| | - Tino Krell
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del ZaidínConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGranadaSpain
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3
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Dai B, Kan A, Li F, Gao J, Yi B, Cao D. A cross-regional thermo-hydro transport model for vacuum pre-cooling. J FOOD ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2022.111066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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4
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Ranjbaran M, Verma MS. Microfluidics at the interface of bacteria and fresh produce. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ranjbaran M, Carciofi BAM, Datta AK. Engineering modeling frameworks for microbial food safety at various scales. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:4213-4249. [PMID: 34486219 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The landscape of mathematical model-based understanding of microbial food safety is wide and deep, covering interdisciplinary fields of food science, microbiology, physics, and engineering. With rapidly growing interest in such model-based approaches that increasingly include more fundamental mechanisms of microbial processes, there is a need to build a general framework that steers this evolutionary process by synthesizing literature spread over many disciplines. The framework proposed here shows four interconnected, complementary levels of microbial food processes covering sub-cellular scale, microbial population scale, food scale, and human population scale (risk). A continuum of completely mechanistic to completely empirical models, widely-used and emerging, are integrated into the framework; well-known predictive microbiology modeling being a part of this spectrum. The framework emphasizes fundamentals-based approaches that should get enriched over time, such as the basic building blocks of microbial population scale processes (attachment, migration, growth, death/inactivation and communication) and of food processes (e.g., heat and moisture transfer). A spectrum of models are included, for example, microbial population modeling covers traditional predictive microbiology models to individual-based models and cellular automata. The models are shown in sufficient quantitative detail to make obvious their coupling, or their integration over various levels. Guidelines to combine sub-processes over various spatial and time scales into a complete interdisciplinary and multiphysics model (i.e., a system) are provided, covering microbial growth/inactivation/transport and physical processes such as fluid flow and heat transfer. As food safety becomes increasingly predictive at various scales, this synthesis should provide its roadmap. This big picture and framework should be futuristic in driving novel research and educational approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Ranjbaran
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Bruno A M Carciofi
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Ashim K Datta
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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6
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Chincinska IA. Leaf infiltration in plant science: old method, new possibilities. PLANT METHODS 2021; 17:83. [PMID: 34321022 PMCID: PMC8316707 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-021-00782-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The penetration of substances from the surface to deep inside plant tissues is called infiltration. Although various plant tissues may be effectively saturated with externally applied fluid, most described infiltration strategies have been developed for leaves. The infiltration process can be spontaneous (under normal atmospheric pressure) or forced by a pressure difference generated between the lamina surface and the inside of the leaf. Spontaneous infiltration of leaf laminae is possible with the use of liquids with sufficiently low surface tension. Forced infiltration is most commonly performed using needle-less syringes or vacuum pumps.Leaf infiltration is widely used in plant sciences for both research and application purposes, usually as a starting technique to obtain plant material for advanced experimental procedures. Leaf infiltration followed by gentle centrifugation allows to obtain the apoplastic fluid for further analyses including various omics. In studies of plant-microorganism interactions, infiltration is used for the controlled introduction of bacterial suspensions into leaf tissues or for the isolation of microorganisms inhabiting apoplastic spaces of leaves. The methods based on infiltration of target tissues allow the penetration of dyes, fixatives and other substances improving the quality of microscopic imaging. Infiltration has found a special application in plant biotechnology as a method of transient transformation with the use of Agrobacterium suspension (agroinfiltration) enabling genetic modifications of mature plant leaves, including the local induction of mutations using genome editing tools. In plant nanobiotechnology, the leaves of the target plants can be infiltrated with suitably prepared nanoparticles, which can act as light sensors or increase the plant resistance to environmental stress. In addition the infiltration has been also intensively studied due to the undesirable effects of this phenomenon in some food technology sectors, such as accidental contamination of leafy greens with pathogenic bacteria during the vacuum cooling process.This review, inspired by the growing interest of the scientists from various fields of plant science in the phenomenon of infiltration, provides the description of different infiltration methods and summarizes the recent applications of this technique in plant physiology, phytopathology and plant (nano-)biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Anna Chincinska
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland.
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Xiang Q, Lott AA, Assmann SM, Chen S. Advances and perspectives in the metabolomics of stomatal movement and the disease triangle. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 302:110697. [PMID: 33288010 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Crops are continuously exposed to microbial pathogens that cause tremendous yield losses worldwide. Stomatal pores formed by pairs of specialized guard cells in the leaf epidermis represent a major route of pathogen entry. Guard cells have an essential role as a first line of defense against pathogens. Metabolomics is an indispensable systems biology tool that has facilitated discovery and functional studies of metabolites that regulate stomatal movement in response to pathogens and other environmental factors. Guard cells, pathogens and environmental factors constitute the "stomatal disease triangle". The aim of this review is to highlight recent advances toward understanding the stomatal disease triangle in the context of newly discovered signaling molecules, hormone crosstalk, and consequent molecular changes that integrate pathogens and environmental sensing into stomatal immune responses. Future perspectives on emerging single-cell studies, multiomics and molecular imaging in the context of stomatal defense are discussed. Advances in this important area of plant biology will inform rational crop engineering and breeding for enhanced stomatal defense without disruption of other pathways that impact crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Xiang
- Department of Biology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Aneirin A Lott
- Department of Biology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, FL, USA
| | - Sarah M Assmann
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Sixue Chen
- Department of Biology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, FL, USA; Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of Florida, FL, USA.
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Santamaría‐Hernando S, Cerna‐Vargas JP, Martínez‐García PM, de Francisco‐de Polanco S, Nebreda S, Rodríguez‐Palenzuela P, Rodríguez‐Herva JJ, López‐Solanilla E. Blue-light perception by epiphytic Pseudomonas syringae drives chemoreceptor expression, enabling efficient plant infection. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2020; 21:1606-1619. [PMID: 33029921 PMCID: PMC7694672 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Adaptation and efficient colonization of the phyllosphere are essential processes for the switch to an epiphytic stage in foliar bacterial pathogens. Here, we explore the interplay among light perception and global transcriptomic alterations in epiphytic populations of the hemibiotrophic pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (PsPto) following contact with tomato leaves. We found that blue-light perception by PsPto on leaf surfaces is required for optimal colonization. Blue light triggers the activation of metabolic activity and increases the transcript levels of five chemoreceptors through the function of light oxygen voltage and BphP1 photoreceptors. The inactivation of PSPTO_1008 and PSPTO_2526 chemoreceptors causes a reduction in virulence. Our results indicate that during PsPto interaction with tomato plants, light perception, chemotaxis, and virulence are highly interwoven processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saray Santamaría‐Hernando
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas CBGPUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid‐Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la UPM Pozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain
| | - Jean Paul Cerna‐Vargas
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas CBGPUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid‐Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la UPM Pozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain
| | - Pedro Manuel Martínez‐García
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas CBGPUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid‐Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la UPM Pozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa‐CABIMERAvenida Americo VespucioSevilleSpain
| | - Sofía de Francisco‐de Polanco
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas CBGPUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid‐Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la UPM Pozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita SalasConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida Ramiro de MaeztuMadridSpain
| | - Sandra Nebreda
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas CBGPUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid‐Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la UPM Pozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain
| | - Pablo Rodríguez‐Palenzuela
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas CBGPUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid‐Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la UPM Pozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain
- Departamento de Biotecnología‐Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería AgronómicaAlimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain
| | - José Juan Rodríguez‐Herva
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas CBGPUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid‐Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la UPM Pozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain
- Departamento de Biotecnología‐Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería AgronómicaAlimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Emilia López‐Solanilla
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas CBGPUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid‐Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la UPM Pozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain
- Departamento de Biotecnología‐Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería AgronómicaAlimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain
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Ranjbaran M, Datta AK. A Mechanistic Model for Bacterial Retention and Infiltration on a Leaf Surface during a Sessile Droplet Evaporation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:12130-12142. [PMID: 33035063 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Evaporation of sessile droplets on the surface of plant leaves is a process that frequently occurs during plant growth as well as postharvest processes. Evaporation-driven internal flows within sessile droplets can transport microorganisms near the leaf surface, facilitating their adhesion to surface microstructures such as trichomes, and infiltration into available openings such as stomata and grooves. A mechanistic model for this retention and infiltration pathway was developed. Solution domain is a sessile droplet located on a leaf surface, as well as its surrounding gas. The model includes fluid flow within the droplet and gas phases, gas-water interface tracking, heat transfer, transport of vapor in gas, and transport of sugar and bacteria within water. The model results are validated based on available literature data and experimental images. The results showed that a hydrophilic surface would promote bacterial retention and infiltration. Evaporation-driven flows increase concentration of bacteria around or inside microstructures at the leaf surface, facilitating their adhesion and infiltration. Larger microstructures having wider spacing between them increased the retention. A higher evaporation rate led to higher infiltration. Chemotaxis toward nutrients at the leaf surface and random motility were shown to decrease the retention and infiltration during evaporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Ranjbaran
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Ashim K Datta
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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