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Supuramanian SS, Dsa S, Harihar S. Molecular interaction of metastasis suppressor genes and tumor microenvironment in breast cancer. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2023; 4:912-932. [PMID: 37970212 PMCID: PMC10645471 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide where the process of metastasis is a major contributor to the mortality associated with this disease. Metastasis suppressor genes are a group of genes that play a crucial role in preventing or inhibiting the spread of cancer cells. They suppress the metastasis process by inhibiting colonization and by inducing dormancy. These genes function by regulating various cellular processes in the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as cell adhesion, invasion, migration, and angiogenesis. Dysregulation of metastasis suppressor genes can lead to the acquisition of an invasive and metastatic phenotype and lead to poor prognostic outcomes. The components of the TME generally play a necessary in the metastasis progression of tumor cells. This review has identified and elaborated on the role of a few metastatic suppressors associated with the TME that have been shown to inhibit metastasis in BC by different mechanisms, such as blocking certain cell signaling molecules involved in cancer cell migration, invasion, enhancing immune surveillance of cancer cells, and promoting the formation of a protective extracellular matrix (ECM). Understanding the interaction of metastatic suppressor genes and the components of TME has important implications for the development of novel therapeutic strategies to target the metastatic cascade. Targeting these genes or their downstream signaling pathways offers a promising approach to inhibiting the spread of cancer cells and improves patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sid Dsa
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sitaram Harihar
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
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2
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Welch DR, Larson MA, Vivian CJ, Vivian JL. Generating Mitochondrial-Nuclear Exchange (MNX) Mice to Identify Mitochondrial Determinants of Cancer Metastasis. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2660:43-59. [PMID: 37191789 PMCID: PMC10195030 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3163-8_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the contributions of mitochondrial genetics to disease pathogenesis is facilitated by a new and unique model-the mitochondrial-nuclear exchange mouse. Here we report the rationale for their development, the methods used to create them, and a brief summary of how MNX mice have been used to understand the contributions of mitochondrial DNA in multiple diseases, focusing on cancer metastasis. Polymorphisms in mtDNA which distinguish mouse strains exert intrinsic and extrinsic effects on metastasis efficiency by altering epigenetic marks in the nuclear genome, changing production of reactive oxygen species, altering the microbiota, and influencing immune responses to cancer cells. Although the focus of this report is cancer metastasis, MNX mice have proven to be valuable in studying mitochondrial contributions to other diseases as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny R Welch
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Internal Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), Molecular and Integrative Physiology, and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Kansas University Medical Center and The University of Kansas Comprehensive Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
| | - Melissa A Larson
- Transgenic and Gene-Targeting Institutional Facility, The Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Carolyn J Vivian
- Department of Cancer Biology, The Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Jay L Vivian
- Transgenic and Gene-Targeting Institutional Facility, The Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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3
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Broadwater D, C. D. Medeiros H, Bates M, Roshanzadeh A, Thing Teoh S, P. Ogrodzinski M, Borhan B, Lunt RR, Lunt SY. Counterion Tuning of Near-Infrared Organic Salts Dictates Phototoxicity to Inhibit Tumor Growth. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:53511-53522. [PMID: 36408853 PMCID: PMC9743086 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has the potential to improve cancer treatment by providing dual selectivity through the use of both photoactive agent and light, with the goal of minimal harmful effects from either the agent or light alone. However, current PDT is limited by insufficient photosensitizers (PSs) that can suffer from low tissue penetration, insufficient phototoxicity (toxicity with light irradiation), or undesirable cytotoxicity (toxicity without light irradiation). Recently, we reported a platform for decoupling optical and electronic properties with counterions that modulate frontier molecular orbital levels of a photoactive ion. Here, we demonstrate the utility of this platform in vivo by pairing near-infrared (NIR) photoactive heptamethine cyanine cation (Cy+), which has enhanced optical properties for deep tissue penetration, with counterions that make it cytotoxic, phototoxic, or nontoxic in a mouse model of breast cancer. We find that pairing Cy+ with weakly coordinating anion FPhB- results in a selectively phototoxic PS (CyFPhB) that stops tumor growth in vivo with minimal side effects. This work provides proof of concept that our counterion pairing platform can be used to generate improved cancer PSs that are selectively phototoxic to tumors and nontoxic to normal healthy tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanna Broadwater
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Hyllana C. D. Medeiros
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Matthew Bates
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East
Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Amir Roshanzadeh
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Shao Thing Teoh
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Martin P. Ogrodzinski
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- Department
of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Babak Borhan
- Department
of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Richard R. Lunt
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East
Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State
University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Sophia Y. Lunt
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East
Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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4
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Al Khamici H, Sanchez VC, Yan H, Cataisson C, Michalowski AM, Yang HH, Li L, Lee MP, Huang J, Yuspa SH. The oxidoreductase CLIC4 is required to maintain mitochondrial function and resistance to exogenous oxidants in breast cancer cells. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102275. [PMID: 35863434 PMCID: PMC9418444 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The chloride intracellular channel-4 (CLIC4) is one of the six highly conserved proteins in the CLIC family that share high structural homology with GST-omega in the GST superfamily. While CLIC4 is a multifunctional protein that resides in multiple cellular compartments, the discovery of its enzymatic glutaredoxin-like activity in vitro suggested that it could function as an antioxidant. Here, we found that deleting CLIC4 from murine 6DT1 breast tumor cells using CRISPR enhanced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and sensitized cells to apoptosis in response to H2O2 as a ROS-inducing agent. In intact cells, H2O2 increased the expression of both CLIC4 mRNA and protein. In addition, increased superoxide production in 6DT1 cells lacking CLIC4 was associated with mitochondrial hyperactivity including increased mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial organelle enlargement. In the absence of CLIC4, however, H2O2-induced apoptosis was associated with low expression and degradation of the antiapoptotic mitochondrial protein Bcl2 and the negative regulator of mitochondrial ROS, UCP2. Furthermore, transcriptomic profiling of H2O2-treated control and CLIC4-null cells revealed upregulation of genes associated with ROS-induced apoptosis and downregulation of genes that sustain mitochondrial functions. Accordingly, tumors that formed from transplantation of CLIC4-deficient 6DT1 cells were highly necrotic. These results highlight a critical role for CLIC4 in maintaining redox-homeostasis and mitochondrial functions in 6DT1 cells. Our findings also raise the possibility of targeting CLIC4 to increase cancer cell sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs that are based on elevating ROS in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Al Khamici
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health. Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Vanesa C Sanchez
- Office of Science, Division of Nonclinical Science, Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Hualong Yan
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health. Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Christophe Cataisson
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health. Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Aleksandra M Michalowski
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health. Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Howard H Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health. Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Luowei Li
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health. Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Maxwell P Lee
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health. Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jing Huang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health. Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stuart H Yuspa
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health. Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
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5
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Alonso-Diez A, Affolter V, Sevane N, Dunner S, Valdivia G, Clemente M, De Andrés P, Illera J, Pérez-Alenza M, Peña L. Cell adhesion molecules E-cadherin and CADM1 are differently expressed in canine inflammatory mammary cancer. Res Vet Sci 2022; 152:307-313. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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6
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Sanchez VC, Yang HH, Craig-Lucas A, Dubois W, Carofino BL, Lack J, Dwyer JE, Simpson RM, Cataisson C, Lee MP, Luo J, Hunter KW, Yuspa SH. Host CLIC4 expression in the tumor microenvironment is essential for breast cancer metastatic competence. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010271. [PMID: 35727842 PMCID: PMC9249210 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The TGF-β-regulated Chloride Intracellular Channel 4 (CLIC4) is an essential participant in the formation of breast cancer stroma. Here, we used data available from the TCGA and METABRIC datasets to show that CLIC4 expression was higher in breast cancers from younger women and those with early-stage metastatic disease. Elevated CLIC4 predicted poor outcome in breast cancer patients and was linked to the TGF-β pathway. However, these associations did not reveal the underlying biological contribution of CLIC4 to breast cancer progression. Constitutive ablation of host Clic4 in two murine metastatic breast cancer models nearly eliminated lung metastases without reducing primary tumor weight, while tumor cells ablated of Clic4 retained metastatic capability in wildtype hosts. Thus, CLIC4 was required for host metastatic competence. Pre- and post-metastatic proteomic analysis identified circulating pro-metastatic soluble factors that differed in tumor-bearing CLIC4-deficient and wildtype hosts. Vascular abnormalities and necrosis increased in primary tumors from CLIC4-deficient hosts. Transcriptional profiles of both primary tumors and pre-metastatic lungs of tumor-bearing CLIC4-deficient hosts were consistent with a microenvironment where inflammatory pathways were elevated. Altogether, CLIC4 expression in human breast cancers may serve as a prognostic biomarker; therapeutic targeting of CLIC4 could reduce primary tumor viability and host metastatic competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa C. Sanchez
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Howard H. Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alayna Craig-Lucas
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Wendy Dubois
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Brandi L. Carofino
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Justin Lack
- NIAID Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource (NCBR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jennifer E. Dwyer
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - R. Mark Simpson
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Christophe Cataisson
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Max P. Lee
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ji Luo
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kent W. Hunter
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stuart H. Yuspa
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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7
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Goetze S, Schüffler P, Athanasiou A, Koetemann A, Poyet C, Fankhauser CD, Wild PJ, Schiess R, Wollscheid B. Use of MS-GUIDE for identification of protein biomarkers for risk stratification of patients with prostate cancer. Clin Proteomics 2022; 19:9. [PMID: 35477343 PMCID: PMC9044739 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-022-09349-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-invasive liquid biopsies could complement current pathological nomograms for risk stratification of prostate cancer patients. Development and testing of potential liquid biopsy markers is time, resource, and cost-intensive. For most protein targets, no antibodies or ELISAs for efficient clinical cohort pre-evaluation are currently available. We reasoned that mass spectrometry-based prescreening would enable the cost-effective and rational preselection of candidates for subsequent clinical-grade ELISA development. Methods Using Mass Spectrometry-GUided Immunoassay DEvelopment (MS-GUIDE), we screened 48 literature-derived biomarker candidates for their potential utility in risk stratification scoring of prostate cancer patients. Parallel reaction monitoring was used to evaluate these 48 potential protein markers in a highly multiplexed fashion in a medium-sized patient cohort of 78 patients with ground-truth prostatectomy and clinical follow-up information. Clinical-grade ELISAs were then developed for two of these candidate proteins and used for significance testing in a larger, independent patient cohort of 263 patients. Results Machine learning-based analysis of the parallel reaction monitoring data of the liquid biopsies prequalified fibronectin and vitronectin as candidate biomarkers. We evaluated their predictive value for prostate cancer biochemical recurrence scoring in an independent validation cohort of 263 prostate cancer patients using clinical-grade ELISAs. The results of our prostate cancer risk stratification test were statistically significantly 10% better than results of the current gold standards PSA alone, PSA plus prostatectomy biopsy Gleason score, or the National Comprehensive Cancer Network score in prediction of recurrence. Conclusion Using MS-GUIDE we identified fibronectin and vitronectin as candidate biomarkers for prostate cancer risk stratification. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12014-022-09349-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Goetze
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,ETH PHRT Swiss Multi-Omics Center (SMOC), 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Schüffler
- Institute of General and Surgical Pathology, Technical University of Munich, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Anika Koetemann
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cedric Poyet
- Clinic of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Peter J Wild
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany. .,Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS), 60438, Frankfurt, Germany. .,WILDLAB, University Hospital Frankfurt MVZ GmbH, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | | | - Bernd Wollscheid
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland. .,ETH PHRT Swiss Multi-Omics Center (SMOC), 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
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8
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Lafage-Pochitaloff M, Gerby B, Baccini V, Largeaud L, Fregona V, Prade N, Juvin PY, Jamrog L, Bories P, Hébrard S, Lagarde S, Mansat-De Mas V, Dovey OM, Yusa K, Vassiliou GS, Jansen JH, Tekath T, Rombaut D, Ameye G, Barin C, Bidet A, Boudjarane J, Collonge-Rame MA, Gervais C, Ittel A, Lefebvre C, Luquet I, Michaux L, Nadal N, Poirel HA, Radford-Weiss I, Ribourtout B, Richebourg S, Struski S, Terré C, Tigaud I, Penther D, Eclache V, Fontenay M, Broccardo C, Delabesse, E. The CADM1 tumor suppressor gene is a major candidate gene in MDS with deletion of the long arm of chromosome 11. Blood Adv 2022; 6:386-398. [PMID: 34638130 PMCID: PMC8791575 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021005311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) represent a heterogeneous group of clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis leading to peripheral cytopenias and in a substantial proportion of cases to acute myeloid leukemia. The deletion of the long arm of chromosome 11, del(11q), is a rare but recurrent clonal event in MDS. Here, we detail the largest series of 113 cases of MDS and myelodysplastic syndromes/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN) harboring a del(11q) analyzed at clinical, cytological, cytogenetic, and molecular levels. Female predominance, a survival prognosis similar to other MDS, a low monocyte count, and dysmegakaryopoiesis were the specific clinical and cytological features of del(11q) MDS. In most cases, del(11q) was isolated, primary and interstitial encompassing the 11q22-23 region containing ATM, KMT2A, and CBL genes. The common deleted region at 11q23.2 is centered on an intergenic region between CADM1 (also known as Tumor Suppressor in Lung Cancer 1) and NXPE2. CADM1 was expressed in all myeloid cells analyzed in contrast to NXPE2. At the functional level, the deletion of Cadm1 in murine Lineage-Sca1+Kit+ cells modifies the lymphoid-to-myeloid ratio in bone marrow, although not altering their multilineage hematopoietic reconstitution potential after syngenic transplantation. Together with the frequent simultaneous deletions of KMT2A, ATM, and CBL and mutations of ASXL1, SF3B1, and CBL, we show that CADM1 may be important in the physiopathology of the del(11q) MDS, extending its role as tumor-suppressor gene from solid tumors to hematopoietic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Lafage-Pochitaloff
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique Hématologique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Bastien Gerby
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Team 16, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
| | - Véronique Baccini
- Groupe Francophone d’Hématologie Cellulaire (GFHC) and
- Laboratoire d’hématologie, CHU de Guadeloupe, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche 1134, Pointe à Pitre, France
| | - Laetitia Largeaud
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Team 16, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie de Toulouse, CHU Toulouse, France
- Department of Hematology, University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Vincent Fregona
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Team 16, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
| | - Naïs Prade
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Team 16, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie de Toulouse, CHU Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Juvin
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Team 16, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
| | - Laura Jamrog
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Team 16, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Bories
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Team 16, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
| | - Sylvie Hébrard
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Team 16, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Lagarde
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Team 16, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie de Toulouse, CHU Toulouse, France
| | - Véronique Mansat-De Mas
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie de Toulouse, CHU Toulouse, France
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Team 8, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
| | - Oliver M. Dovey
- Gene Editing, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kosuke Yusa
- Stem Cell Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - George S. Vassiliou
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joop H. Jansen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias Tekath
- Institute of Medical Informatics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - David Rombaut
- Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, Inserm U1016, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Geneviève Ameye
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
- Belgium Cancer Registry, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Human Genetics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and Universitair Ziekenhuis, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carole Barin
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, CHU de Tours, France
| | - Audrey Bidet
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - John Boudjarane
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique Hématologique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Marie-Agnès Collonge-Rame
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, CHU de Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Carine Gervais
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, CHU de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Antoine Ittel
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
- Département de Biopathologie, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Christine Lefebvre
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, CHU de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Luquet
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie de Toulouse, CHU Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, CHU de Reims, Reims, France
| | - Lucienne Michaux
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
- Department of Human Genetics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and Universitair Ziekenhuis, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Nadal
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Hélène A. Poirel
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
- Belgium Cancer Registry, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Radford-Weiss
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, CHU de Paris-Necker, Paris, France
| | - Bénédicte Ribourtout
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Steven Richebourg
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Stéphanie Struski
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie de Toulouse, CHU Toulouse, France
| | - Christine Terré
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, CH de Versailles, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Isabelle Tigaud
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, CHU de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Dominique Penther
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, Centre Henri-Becquerel, Rouen, France
| | - Virginie Eclache
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, CHU Avicenne, Bobigny, France
- Groupe Francophone des Myélodysplasies (GFM); and
| | - Michaela Fontenay
- Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, Inserm U1016, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, Paris, France
- Groupe Francophone des Myélodysplasies (GFM); and
- Laboratoire d’hématologie, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Cyril Broccardo
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Team 16, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Delabesse,
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Team 16, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie de Toulouse, CHU Toulouse, France
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Knockdown of long non-coding RNA LINC01006 represses the development of hepatocellular carcinoma by modulating the miR-194-5p/CADM1 axis. Ann Hepatol 2022; 27 Suppl 1:100571. [PMID: 34718169 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2021.100571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have great potential as therapeutic targets in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we aimed to uncover the function and molecular mechanism of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1006 (LINC01006) in HCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were injected with HCC cells in order to establish the HCC model. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the expression levels of LINC01006, cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1), and microRNA (miR)-194-5p in HCC tissues and cells. The cell proliferation, invasion, and migration abilities were assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide, transwell, and wound healing assays. The interrelation between LINC01006, miR-194-5p, and CADM1 was confirmed by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Western blotting was employed to assess the relative protein expression level of CADM1. RESULTS LINC01006 and CADM1 displayed upregulation, but miR-194-5p exhibited downregulation in HCC cells and tissues. Short hairpin (sh)-LINC01006 and miR-194-5p mimics repressed the proliferative, migratory, and invasive capacities of HCC cells, and injection of sh-LINC01006 restrained the growth of HCC tumours in mice. LINC01006 served as a competing endogenous RNA of miR-194-5p and was inversely correlated with miR-194-5p. CADM1 was targeted by miR-194-5p, inversely correlated with miR-194-5p, and positively associated with LINC01006. Furthermore, transfection of pcDNA-CADM1 or the miR-194-5p inhibitor reversed the suppressive effects of sh-LINC01006 on the proliferation, invasion, and migration abilities of HCC cells. CONCLUSIONS Downregulation of LINC01006 repressed the development of HCC by sponging miR-194-5p to modulate the expression of CADM1, implying its potential as a therapeutic target for HCC.
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10
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Zeng J, Wu H, Huang Q, Li J, Yu Z, Zhong Z. Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) gene c.1627A>G A/G and G/G genotypes are risk factors for lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis of colorectal cancer. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e24023. [PMID: 34612540 PMCID: PMC8605172 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) acts as the key enzyme catabolizing pyrimidines, and may affect the tumor progression. DPYD gene mutations affect DPD activity. The relationship between DPYD IVS14+1G>A, c.1627A>G, c.85T>C and lymph node metastasis (LNM) and distant metastasis (DM) of colorectal cancer (CRC) was investigated. METHODS A total of 537 CRC patients were enrolled in this study. DPYD polymorphisms were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-Sanger sequencing. The relationship between DPYD genotypes and clinical features of patients, metastasis of CRC was analyzed. RESULTS About DPYD c.1627A>G, A/A (57.7%) was the most common genotype, followed by A/G (35.6%), G/G (6.7%) genotypes. In c.85T>C, T/T, T/C, and C/C genotypes are accounted for 83.6%, 16.0%, and 0.4%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed that DPYD c.1627A>G A/G and G/G genotypes in the dominant model (A/G + G/G vs. A/A) were significant risk factors for the LNM (p = 0.029, OR 1.506, 95% CI = 1.048-2.165) and DM (p = 0.039, OR 1.588, 95% CI = 1.041-2.423) of CRC. In addition, DPYD c.1627A>G polymorphism was more common in patients with abnormal serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (>5 ng/ml) (p = 0.003) or carbohydrate antigen 24-2 (CA24-2) (>20 U/ml) level (p = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that DPYD c.1627A>G A/G, G/G genotypes are associated with increased risk of LNM and DM of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanzi Zeng
- Department of OncologyMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka PopulationMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
| | - Heming Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka PopulationMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
- Center for Precision MedicineMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
| | - Qingyan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka PopulationMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
- Center for Precision MedicineMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
| | - Jiaquan Li
- Department of OncologyMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka PopulationMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
| | - Zhikang Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka PopulationMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
- Center for Precision MedicineMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
| | - Zhixiong Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka PopulationMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
- Center for Precision MedicineMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
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11
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Bhattacharya A, Santhoshkumar A, Kurahara H, Harihar S. Metastasis Suppressor Genes in Pancreatic Cancer: An Update. Pancreas 2021; 50:923-932. [PMID: 34643607 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pancreatic cancer, especially pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), has for long remained a deadly form of cancer characterized by high mortality rates resulting from metastasis to multiple organs. Several factors, including the late manifestation of the disease, partly amplified by lack of efficient screening methods, have hampered the drive to design an effective therapeutic strategy to treat this deadly cancer. Understanding the biology of PDAC progression and identifying critical genes regulating these processes are essential to overcome the barriers toward effective treatment. Metastasis suppressor genes have been shown to inhibit multiple steps in the metastatic cascade without affecting primary tumor formation and are considered to hold promise for treating metastatic cancers. In this review, we catalog the bona fide metastasis suppressor genes reported in PDAC and discuss their known mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnav Bhattacharya
- From the Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Anirudh Santhoshkumar
- From the Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Hiroshi Kurahara
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Sitaram Harihar
- From the Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
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12
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Bushnell GG, Deshmukh AP, den Hollander P, Luo M, Soundararajan R, Jia D, Levine H, Mani SA, Wicha MS. Breast cancer dormancy: need for clinically relevant models to address current gaps in knowledge. NPJ Breast Cancer 2021; 7:66. [PMID: 34050189 PMCID: PMC8163741 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-021-00269-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the USA. Although advances in treatment over the past several decades have significantly improved the outlook for this disease, most women who are diagnosed with estrogen receptor positive disease remain at risk of metastatic relapse for the remainder of their life. The cellular source of late relapse in these patients is thought to be disseminated tumor cells that reactivate after a long period of dormancy. The biology of these dormant cells and their natural history over a patient's lifetime is largely unclear. We posit that research on tumor dormancy has been significantly limited by the lack of clinically relevant models. This review will discuss existing dormancy models, gaps in biological understanding, and propose criteria for future models to enhance their clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace G Bushnell
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Abhijeet P Deshmukh
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Petra den Hollander
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ming Luo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rama Soundararajan
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dongya Jia
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Herbert Levine
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics and Departments of Physics and Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Sendurai A Mani
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Max S Wicha
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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13
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Wu D, Lei Y, Liu Q, Hu H, Li H, Xie L, Zhou J. Characterization and clinical significance of the CADM1/HER2/STAT3 axis in serous ovarian tumors. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e23777. [PMID: 33663040 PMCID: PMC7909124 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The subtypes of serous ovarian tumors (SOTs), including benign serous cystadenoma, serous borderline tumor (SBT), low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (LGSC), and high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC), remain poorly understood. Herein, we aimed to characterize the cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) axis and identify its clinical significance in patients with serous cystadenoma, SBT, LGSC, and HGSC.The immunohistochemical expression of CADM1, HER2, and STAT3 was assessed in 180 SOT specimens, and its association with clinical data was determined.High levels of CADM1 expression were detected in 100% of serous cystadenomas and 83.33% of SBTs, while a loss of CADM1 expression was observed in 44% of LGSCs and 72.5% of HGSCs. Relative to the levels in benign cystadenomas and SBTs, higher levels of HER2 and STAT3 expression were observed in LGSCs and aggressive HGSCs. Furthermore, the expression profile of the CADM1/HER2/STAT3 axis was significantly associated with histologic type, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, and lymph node metastasis in patients with SOT.Our study identified the changes in the CADM1/HER2/STAT3 axis that were closely associated with the clinical behavior of SOTs. These molecular data may provide new insights into SOT carcinogenesis and aid in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with SOT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hunan
| | - Yuzhou Lei
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang
| | - Qin Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hunan
| | - Hua Hu
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hunan, China
| | - Huanhuan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hunan
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jianbin Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hunan
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14
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Ross C, Szczepanek K, Lee M, Yang H, Qiu T, Sanford JD, Hunter K. The genomic landscape of metastasis in treatment-naïve breast cancer models. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008743. [PMID: 32463822 PMCID: PMC7282675 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis remains the principle cause of mortality for breast cancer and presents a critical challenge because secondary lesions are often refractory to conventional treatments. While specific genetic alterations are tightly linked to primary tumor development and progression, the role of genetic alteration in the metastatic process is not well-understood. The theory of tumor evolution postulated by Peter Nowell in 1976 has yet to be proven in the context of metastasis. Therefore, in order to investigate how somatic evolution contributes to breast cancer metastasis, we performed exome, whole genome, and RNA sequencing of matched metastatic and primary tumors from pre-clinical mouse models of breast cancer. Here we show that in a treatment-naïve setting, recurrent single nucleotide variants and copy number variation, but not gene fusion events, play key metastasis-driving roles in breast cancer. For instance, we identified recurrent mutations in Kras, a known driver of colorectal and lung tumorigenesis that has not been previously implicated in breast cancer metastasis. However, in a set of in vivo proof-of-concept experiments we show that the Kras G12D mutation is sufficient to significantly promote metastasis using three syngeneic allograft models. The work herein confirms the existence of metastasis-driving mutations and presents a novel framework to identify actionable metastasis-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Ross
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Metastasis Susceptibility Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Karol Szczepanek
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Metastasis Susceptibility Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Maxwell Lee
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, High-Dimension Data Analysis Group, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Howard Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, High-Dimension Data Analysis Group, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tinghu Qiu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Metastasis Susceptibility Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jack D. Sanford
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Metastasis Susceptibility Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kent Hunter
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Metastasis Susceptibility Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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15
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CADM1 inhibits ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migration by potentially regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 123:109717. [PMID: 31865146 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1), an immunoglobulin superfamily member, is frequently inactivated but functions as a tumor suppressor in many solid tumors. However, the characterization of CADM1 expression in ovarian cancer cells and the mechanisms of its tumor suppressor function are not fully understood. We generated ovarian cancer cell lines in which CADM1 was stably upregulated or downregulated. CADM1 expression was significantly decreased in ovarian cancer tissue and cells lines. Functionally, knockdown of CADM1 promoted the growth, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells. Conversely, further experimental evidence indicated that overexpression of CADM1 inhibited the migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells potentially through inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway by regulating upstream regulators (LXR/RXR, IGF1, IFI44L and C4BPA) and downstream effectors (APP, EDN1, TGFBI and Rap1A). In conclusion, CADM1 inhibits ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migration by potentially regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. CADM1 could be a potential therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
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16
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Ward Y, Lake R, Faraji F, Sperger J, Martin P, Gilliard C, Ku KP, Rodems T, Niles D, Tillman H, Yin J, Hunter K, Sowalsky AG, Lang J, Kelly K. Platelets Promote Metastasis via Binding Tumor CD97 Leading to Bidirectional Signaling that Coordinates Transendothelial Migration. Cell Rep 2019; 23:808-822. [PMID: 29669286 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.03.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells initiate platelet activation leading to the secretion of bioactive molecules, which promote metastasis. Platelet receptors on tumors have not been well-characterized, resulting in a critical gap in knowledge concerning platelet-promoted metastasis. We identify a direct interaction between platelets and tumor CD97 that stimulates rapid bidirectional signaling. CD97, an adhesion G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), is an overexpressed tumor antigen in several cancer types. Purified CD97 extracellular domain or tumor cell-associated CD97 stimulated platelet activation. CD97-initiated platelet activation led to granule secretion, including the release of ATP, a mediator of endothelial junction disruption. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) derived from platelets induced tumor invasiveness via proximal CD97-LPAR heterodimer signaling, coupling coincident tumor cell migration and vascular permeability to promote transendothelial migration. Consistent with this, CD97 was necessary for tumor cell-induced vascular permeability in vivo and metastasis formation in preclinical models. These findings support targeted blockade of tumor CD97 as an approach to ameliorate metastatic spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvona Ward
- Laboratory of Genitourinary Cancer Pathogenesis, NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ross Lake
- Laboratory of Genitourinary Cancer Pathogenesis, NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Farhoud Faraji
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jamie Sperger
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Philip Martin
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, NCI, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Cameron Gilliard
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Section, NIDDK, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kimberly P Ku
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Tamara Rodems
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - David Niles
- Depatment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Heather Tillman
- Laboratory of Genitourinary Cancer Pathogenesis, NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - JuanJuan Yin
- Laboratory of Genitourinary Cancer Pathogenesis, NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kent Hunter
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Adam G Sowalsky
- Laboratory of Genitourinary Cancer Pathogenesis, NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Joshua Lang
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Kathleen Kelly
- Laboratory of Genitourinary Cancer Pathogenesis, NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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17
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Cai P, Li Z, Keneth ES, Wang L, Wan C, Jiang Y, Hu B, Wu YL, Wang S, Lim CT, Makeyev EV, Magdassi S, Chen X. Differential Homeostasis of Sessile and Pendant Epithelium Reconstituted in a 3D-Printed "GeminiChip". ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1900514. [PMID: 31081206 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Local mechanical cues can affect crucial fate decisions of living cells. Transepithelial stress has been discussed in the context of epithelial monolayers, but the lack of appropriate experimental systems leads current studies to approximate it simply as an in-plane stress. To evaluate possible contribution of force vectors acting in other directions, double epithelium in a 3D-printed "GeminiChip" containing a sessile and a pendant channel is reconstituted. Intriguingly, the sessile epithelia is prone to apoptotic cell extrusion upon crowding, whereas the pendant counterpart favors live cell delamination. Transcriptome analyses show upregulation of RhoA, BMP2, and hypoxia-signaling genes in the pendant epithelium, consistent with the onset of an epithelial-mesenchymal transition program. HepG2 microtumor spheroids also display differential spreading patterns in the sessile and pendant configuration. Using this multilayered GeminiChip, these results uncover a progressive yet critical role of perpendicular force vectors in collective cell behaviors and point at fundamental importance of these forces in the biology of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingqiang Cai
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhuyun Li
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ela Sachyani Keneth
- Institute of Chemistry, Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Luying Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Changjin Wan
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ying Jiang
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Benhui Hu
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yun-Long Wu
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shutao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Mechanobiology Institute, Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117411, Singapore
| | - Eugene V Makeyev
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, New Hunt's House, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Shlomo Magdassi
- Institute of Chemistry, Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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18
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Singh S, Chakrabarti R. Consequences of EMT-Driven Changes in the Immune Microenvironment of Breast Cancer and Therapeutic Response of Cancer Cells. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8050642. [PMID: 31075939 PMCID: PMC6572359 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8050642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process through which epithelial cells lose their epithelial characteristics and cell–cell contact, thus increasing their invasive potential. In addition to its well-known roles in embryonic development, wound healing, and regeneration, EMT plays an important role in tumor progression and metastatic invasion. In breast cancer, EMT both increases the migratory capacity and invasive potential of tumor cells, and initiates protumorigenic alterations in the tumor microenvironment (TME). In particular, recent evidence has linked increased expression of EMT markers such as TWIST1 and MMPs in breast tumors with increased immune infiltration in the TME. These immune cells then provide cues that promote immune evasion by tumor cells, which is associated with enhanced tumor progression and metastasis. In the current review, we will summarize the current knowledge of the role of EMT in the biology of different subtypes of breast cancer. We will further explore the correlation between genetic switches leading to EMT and EMT-induced alterations within the TME that drive tumor growth and metastasis, as well as their possible effect on therapeutic response in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snahlata Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Rumela Chakrabarti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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19
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Deasy SK, Uehara R, Vodnala SK, Yang HH, Dass RA, Hu Y, Lee MP, Crouch RJ, Hunter KW. Aicardi-Goutières syndrome gene Rnaseh2c is a metastasis susceptibility gene in breast cancer. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1008020. [PMID: 31125342 PMCID: PMC6553800 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, with the majority of these deaths due to metastatic lesions rather than the primary tumor. Thus, a better understanding of the etiology of metastatic disease is crucial for improving survival. Using a haplotype mapping strategy in mouse and shRNA-mediated gene knockdown, we identified Rnaseh2c, a scaffolding protein of the heterotrimeric RNase H2 endoribonuclease complex, as a novel metastasis susceptibility factor. We found that the role of Rnaseh2c in metastatic disease is independent of RNase H2 enzymatic activity, and immunophenotyping and RNA-sequencing analysis revealed engagement of the T cell-mediated adaptive immune response. Furthermore, the cGAS-Sting pathway was not activated in the metastatic cancer cells used in this study, suggesting that the mechanism of immune response in breast cancer is different from the mechanism proposed for Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome, a rare interferonopathy caused by RNase H2 mutation. These results suggest an important novel, non-enzymatic role for RNASEH2C during breast cancer progression and add Rnaseh2c to a panel of genes we have identified that together could determine patients with high risk for metastasis. These results also highlight a potential new target for combination with immunotherapies and may contribute to a better understanding of the etiology of Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K. Deasy
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
| | - Ryo Uehara
- SFR, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Suman K. Vodnala
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Howard H. Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Randall A. Dass
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ying Hu
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Maxwell P. Lee
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Robert J. Crouch
- SFR, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kent W. Hunter
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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20
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Rong G, Zhang M, Xia W, Li D, Miao J, Wang H. Plasma CADM1 promoter hypermethylation and D-dimer as novel metastasis predictors of cervical cancer. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2019; 45:1251-1259. [PMID: 30945386 DOI: 10.1111/jog.13966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth malignant tumor in women worldwide. The metastasis is still the major reason for the treatment failures of most CC patients. Cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) promoter methylation and plasma D-dimer levels have been reported to be increased in many types of cancers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of combinatorial assay of plasma CADM1 promoter hypermethylation and D-dimer as a metastasis marker in CC. METHODS Two hundred and ninety-two patients with newly diagnosed cervical diseases and 70 healthy women were enrolled. A validation set comprised 36 Stage I CC patients and followed for 3 years. Plasma CADM1 promoter methylation and D-dimer levels were detected. RESULTS The total coincidence rate of CADM1 promoter methylation status was 93.3% between 45 pair-matched tissue and plasma samples. Plasma CADM1 methylation levels in CC patients were higher than other benign disease groups (P = 0.000). Plasma CADM1 methylation levels had statistically differences between CC patients with and without lymph node metastasis (P = 0.049) or in CC patients with and without distant metastasis (P = 0.000). Similarly, plasma D-dimer levels in CC patients were higher than other benign disease groups (P < 0.05). D-dimer levels were only statistically different between CC patients with and without distant metastasis (P = 0.003). Combined assay of the two parameters for metastasis prediction has high sensitivity (80.4%) and specificity (90.5%). CONCLUSION Combinatorial assay of plasma CADM1 methylation and D-dimer is a promising metastasis marker in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Rong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,National Key Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Meijuan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,National Key Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenying Xia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,National Key Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Donghua Li
- Department of obstetrics and gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Miao
- Department of obstetrics and gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,National Key Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
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21
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Scheid AD, Beadnell TC, Welch DR. The second genome: Effects of the mitochondrial genome on cancer progression. Adv Cancer Res 2019; 142:63-105. [PMID: 30885364 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The role of genetics in cancer has been recognized for centuries, but most studies elucidating genetic contributions to cancer have understandably focused on the nuclear genome. Mitochondrial contributions to cancer pathogenesis have been documented for decades, but how mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) influences cancer progression and metastasis remains poorly understood. This lack of understanding stems from difficulty isolating the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes as experimental variables, which is critical for investigating direct mtDNA contributions to disease given extensive crosstalk exists between both genomes. Several in vitro and in vivo models have isolated mtDNA as an independent variable from the nuclear genome. This review compares and contrasts different models, their advantages and disadvantages for studying mtDNA contributions to cancer, focusing on the mitochondrial-nuclear exchange (MNX) mouse model and findings regarding tumor progression, metastasis, and other complex cancer-related phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D Scheid
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, and The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Thomas C Beadnell
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, and The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Danny R Welch
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, and The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, United States.
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22
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Ribic A, Crair MC, Biederer T. Synapse-Selective Control of Cortical Maturation and Plasticity by Parvalbumin-Autonomous Action of SynCAM 1. Cell Rep 2019; 26:381-393.e6. [PMID: 30625321 PMCID: PMC6345548 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.12.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortical plasticity peaks early in life and tapers in adulthood, as exemplified in the primary visual cortex (V1), wherein brief loss of vision in one eye reduces cortical responses to inputs from that eye during the critical period but not in adulthood. The synaptic locus of cortical plasticity and the cell-autonomous synaptic factors determining critical periods remain unclear. We here demonstrate that the immunoglobulin protein Synaptic Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (SynCAM 1/Cadm1) is regulated by visual experience and limits V1 plasticity. Loss of SynCAM 1 selectively reduces the number of thalamocortical inputs onto parvalbumin (PV+) interneurons, impairing the maturation of feedforward inhibition in V1. SynCAM 1 acts in PV+ interneurons to actively restrict cortical plasticity, and brief PV+-specific knockdown of SynCAM 1 in adult visual cortex restores juvenile-like plasticity. These results identify a synapse-specific, cell-autonomous mechanism for thalamocortical visual circuit maturation and closure of the visual critical period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adema Ribic
- Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Michael C Crair
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Thomas Biederer
- Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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23
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Abstract
Tumour heterogeneity poses a substantial problem for the clinical management of cancer. Somatic evolution of the cancer genome results in genetically distinct subclones in the primary tumour with different biological properties and therapeutic sensitivities. The problem of heterogeneity is compounded in metastatic disease owing to the complexity of the metastatic process and the multiple biological hurdles that the tumour cell must overcome to establish a clinically overt metastatic lesion. New advances in sequencing technology and clinical sample acquisition are providing insights into the phylogenetic relationship of metastases and primary tumours at the level of somatic tumour genetics while also illuminating fundamental mechanisms of the metastatic process. In addition to somatically acquired genetic heterogeneity in the tumour cells, inherited population-based genetic heterogeneity can profoundly modify metastatic biology and further complicate the development of effective, broadly applicable antimetastatic therapies. Here, we examine how genetic heterogeneity impacts metastatic disease and the implications of current knowledge for future research endeavours and therapeutic interventions.
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24
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Fujimoto H, Saito Y, Ohuchida K, Kawakami E, Fujiki S, Watanabe T, Ono R, Kaneko A, Takagi S, Najima Y, Hijikata A, Cui L, Ueki T, Oda Y, Hori S, Ohara O, Nakamura M, Saito T, Ishikawa F. Deregulated Mucosal Immune Surveillance through Gut-Associated Regulatory T Cells and PD-1 + T Cells in Human Colorectal Cancer. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 200:3291-3303. [PMID: 29581358 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Disturbed balance between immune surveillance and tolerance may lead to poor clinical outcomes in some malignancies. In paired analyses of adenocarcinoma and normal mucosa from 142 patients, we found a significant increase of the CD4/CD8 ratio and accumulation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) within the adenocarcinoma. The increased frequency of Tregs correlated with the local infiltration and extension of the tumor. There was concurrent maturation arrest, upregulation of programmed death-1 expression, and functional impairment in CD8+ T cells (CTLs) isolated from the adenocarcinoma. Adenocarcinoma-associated Tregs directly inhibit the function of normal human CTLs in vitro. With histopathological analysis, Foxp3+ Tregs were preferentially located in stroma. Concurrent transcriptome analysis of epithelial cells, stromal cells, and T cell subsets obtained from carcinomatous and normal intestinal samples from patients revealed a distinct gene expression signature in colorectal adenocarcinoma-associated Tregs, with overexpression of CCR1, CCR8, and TNFRSF9, whereas their ligands CCL4 and TNFSF9 were found upregulated in cancerous epithelium. Overexpression of WNT2 and CADM1, associated with carcinogenesis and metastasis, in cancer-associated stromal cells suggests that both cancer cells and stromal cells play important roles in the development and progression of colorectal cancer through the formation of a tumor microenvironment. The identification of CTL anergy by Tregs and the unique gene expression signature of human Tregs and stromal cells in colorectal cancer patients may facilitate the development of new therapeutics against malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanae Fujimoto
- Department of Immune Regulation Research, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 260-0856, Japan.,Laboratory for Cell Signaling, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yoriko Saito
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kenoki Ohuchida
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Eiryo Kawakami
- RIKEN Medical Sciences Innovation Hub Program, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Saera Fujiki
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Takashi Watanabe
- Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Rintaro Ono
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Akiko Kaneko
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Takagi
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yuho Najima
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hijikata
- Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Lin Cui
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Ueki
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Pathological Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shohei Hori
- Laboratory for Immunology and Microbiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; and
| | - Osamu Ohara
- Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,Department of Human Genome Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kisarazu 292-0818, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Saito
- Laboratory for Cell Signaling, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Ishikawa
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan;
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25
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Chockley PJ, Chen J, Chen G, Beer DG, Standiford TJ, Keshamouni VG. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition leads to NK cell-mediated metastasis-specific immunosurveillance in lung cancer. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:1384-1396. [PMID: 29324443 DOI: 10.1172/jci97611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) epithelial cancer cells transdifferentiate into highly motile, invasive, mesenchymal-like cells, giving rise to disseminating tumor cells. Few of these disseminated cells successfully metastasize. Immune cells and inflammation in the tumor microenvironment were shown to drive EMT, but few studies investigated the consequences of EMT for tumor immunosurveillance. In addition to initiating metastasis, we demonstrate that EMT confers increased susceptibility to natural killer (NK) cells and contributes, in part, to the inefficiency of the metastatic process. Depletion of NK cells allowed spontaneous metastasis without affecting primary tumor growth. EMT-induced modulation of E-cadherin and cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) mediated increased susceptibility to NK cytotoxicity. Higher CADM1 expression correlates with improved patient survival in 2 lung and 1 breast adenocarcinoma patient cohorts and decreased metastasis. Our observations reveal a novel NK-mediated, metastasis-specific immunosurveillance in lung cancer and present a window of opportunity for preventing metastasis by boosting NK cell activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Chockley
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine.,Graduate Program in Immunology, and
| | - Jun Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Guoan Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - David G Beer
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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26
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Abstract
Metastasis is a complex process and a major contributor of death in cancer patients. Metastasis suppressor genes are identified by their ability to inhibit metastasis at a secondary site without affecting the growth of primary tumor. In this review, we have conducted a survey of the metastasis suppressor literature to identify common downstream pathways. The metastasis suppressor genes mechanistically target MAPK, G-protein-coupled receptor, cell adhesion, cytoskeletal, transcriptional regulatory, and metastasis susceptibility pathways. The majority of the metastasis suppressor genes are functionally multifactorial, inhibiting metastasis at multiple points in the cascade, and many operate in a context-dependent fashion. A greater understanding of common pathways/molecules targeted by metastasis suppressor could improve metastasis treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Khan
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Patricia S Steeg
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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27
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Khan I, Steeg PS. Metastasis suppressors: functional pathways. J Transl Med 2018; 98:198-210. [PMID: 28967874 PMCID: PMC6545599 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2017.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a complex process and a major contributor of death in cancer patients. Metastasis suppressor genes are identified by their ability to inhibit metastasis at a secondary site without affecting the growth of primary tumor. In this review, we have conducted a survey of the metastasis suppressor literature to identify common downstream pathways. The metastasis suppressor genes mechanistically target MAPK, G-protein-coupled receptor, cell adhesion, cytoskeletal, transcriptional regulatory, and metastasis susceptibility pathways. The majority of the metastasis suppressor genes are functionally multifactorial, inhibiting metastasis at multiple points in the cascade, and many operate in a context-dependent fashion. A greater understanding of common pathways/molecules targeted by metastasis suppressor could improve metastasis treatment strategies.
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28
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Li L, Zheng H, Huang Y, Huang C, Zhang S, Tian J, Li P, Sood AK, Zhang W, Chen K. DNA methylation signatures and coagulation factors in the peripheral blood leucocytes of epithelial ovarian cancer. Carcinogenesis 2017. [PMID: 28637314 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid tumors are increasingly recognized as a systemic disease that is manifested by changes in DNA, RNA, proteins and metabolites in the blood. Whereas many studies have reported gene mutation events in the circulation, few studies have focused on epigenetic DNA methylation markers. To identify DNA methylation biomarkers in peripheral blood for ovarian cancer, we performed a two-stage epigenome-wide association study. In the discovery stage, we measured genome wide DNA methylation for 485 000 CpG sites in peripheral blood in 24 epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cases and 24 age-matched healthy controls. We selected 96 significantly differentially methylated CpG sites for validation using Illumina's Custom VeraCode methylation assay in 206 EOC cases and 205 controls and 46 CpG sites validated in the independent replication samples. A set of 6 of these 46 CpG sites was found by the receiver operating characteristic analysis to have a prediction accuracy of 77.3% for all EOC (95% confidence interval: 72.9-81.8%). Pathway analysis of the genes associated with the 46 CpG sites revealed an enrichment of immune system process genes, including LYST (cg16962115, FDR = 1.24E-04), CADM1 (cg21933078, FDR = 1.22E-02) and NFATC1 (cg06784563, FDR = 1.46E-02). Furthermore, DNA methylation status in peripheral blood was correlated with platelet parameters/coagulation factor levels. This study discovered a panel of epigenetic liquid biopsy markers closely associated with overall immunologic conditions and platelet parameters/coagulation systems of the patients for detection of all stages and subtypes of EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yubei Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Caiyun Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Anil K Sood
- Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and Center for RNAi and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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29
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Zhao X, Huffman KE, Fujimoto J, Canales JR, Girard L, Nie G, Heymach JV, Wistuba II, Minna JD, Yu Y. Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Optimal Cutting Temperature (OCT) Embedded Core-Needle Biopsy of Lung Cancer. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 28:2078-2089. [PMID: 28752479 PMCID: PMC5693617 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1706-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
With recent advances in understanding the genomic underpinnings and oncogenic drivers of pathogenesis in different subtypes, it is increasingly clear that proper pretreatment diagnostics are essential for the choice of appropriate treatment options for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Tumor tissue preservation in optimal cutting temperature (OCT) compound is commonly used in the surgical suite. However, proteins recovered from OCT-embedded specimens pose a challenge for LC-MS/MS experiments, due to the large amounts of polymers present in OCT. Here we present a simple workflow for whole proteome analysis of OCT-embedded NSCLC tissue samples, which involves a simple trichloroacetic acid precipitation step. Comparisons of protein recovery between frozen versus OCT-embedded tissue showed excellent consistency with more than 9200 proteins identified. Using an isobaric labeling strategy, we quantified more than 5400 proteins in tumor versus normal OCT-embedded core needle biopsy samples. Gene ontology analysis indicated that a number of proliferative as well as squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) marker proteins were overexpressed in the tumor, consistent with the patient's pathology based diagnosis of "poorly differentiated SqCC". Among the most downregulated proteins in the tumor sample, we noted a number of proteins with potential immunomodulatory functions. Finally, interrogation of the aberrantly expressed proteins using a candidate approach and cross-referencing with publicly available databases led to the identification of potential druggable targets in DNA replication and DNA damage repair pathways. We conclude that our approach allows LC-MS/MS proteomic analyses on OCT-embedded lung cancer specimens, opening the way to bring powerful proteomics into the clinic. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozheng Zhao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kenneth E Huffman
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Pharmacology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Junya Fujimoto
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jamie Rodriguez Canales
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Luc Girard
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Pharmacology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Guangjun Nie
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
| | - John V Heymach
- Department of Head and Neck and Thoracic Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Igacio I Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John D Minna
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Pharmacology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yonghao Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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30
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Chockley PJ, Keshamouni VG. Immunological Consequences of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Tumor Progression. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 197:691-8. [PMID: 27431984 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Microenvironments that tumor cells encounter are different during the stages of cancer progression-primary tumor, metastasis, and at the metastatic site. This suggests potential differences in immune surveillance of primary tumor and metastasis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key reversible process in which cancer cells transition into highly motile and invasive cells for dissemination. Only a tiny proportion successfully metastasize, supporting the notion of metastasis-specific immune surveillance. EMT involves extensive molecular reprogramming of cells conferring many clinically relevant features to cancer cells and affects tumor cell interactions within the tumor microenvironment. We review the impact of tumor immune infiltrates on tumor cell EMT and the consequences of EMT in shaping the immune microenvironment of tumors. The usefulness of EMT as a model to investigate metastasis-specific immune surveillance mechanisms are also explored. Finally, we discuss potential implications of EMT for tumor immunogenicity, as well as current immunotherapies and future strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Chockley
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; and
| | - Venkateshwar G Keshamouni
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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31
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Abstract
The degree to which adaptation in recent human evolution shapes genetic variation remains controversial. This is in part due to the limited evidence in humans for classic "hard selective sweeps", wherein a novel beneficial mutation rapidly sweeps through a population to fixation. However, positive selection may often proceed via "soft sweeps" acting on mutations already present within a population. Here, we examine recent positive selection across six human populations using a powerful machine learning approach that is sensitive to both hard and soft sweeps. We found evidence that soft sweeps are widespread and account for the vast majority of recent human adaptation. Surprisingly, our results also suggest that linked positive selection affects patterns of variation across much of the genome, and may increase the frequencies of deleterious mutations. Our results also reveal insights into the role of sexual selection, cancer risk, and central nervous system development in recent human evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R. Schrider
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ
- Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ
| | - Andrew D. Kern
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ
- Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ
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Mechanisms governing metastatic dormancy in breast cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 44:72-82. [PMID: 28344165 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a systemic disease characterized by early dissemination of tumor cells to distant organs. In this foreign environment, tumor cells may stay in a dormant state as single cells or as micrometastases for many years before growing out into a macrometastatic lesion. As metastasis is the primary cause for breast cancer-related death, it is important to understand the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of dormancy and dormancy escape to find druggable targets to eradicate metastatic tumor cells. Metastatic dormancy is regulated by complex interactions between tumor cells and the local microenvironment. In addition, cancer-directed immunity and systemic instigation play a crucial role.
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Abstract
Tumor cells have to overcome challenges in the host tissue microenvironment to metastasize successfully to distant organs. In a recent Nature study, a genome-wide functional screen demonstrated that deficiency of the sphingosine-1-phoshate (S1P) transporter gene Spns2 in endothelium increased immune-mediated cell killing by T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, thereby suppressing metastatic colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Celià-Terrassa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.
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Ha NH, Long J, Cai Q, Shu XO, Hunter KW. The Circadian Rhythm Gene Arntl2 Is a Metastasis Susceptibility Gene for Estrogen Receptor-Negative Breast Cancer. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006267. [PMID: 27656887 PMCID: PMC5033489 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer mortality is primarily due to metastasis rather than primary tumors, yet relatively little is understood regarding the etiology of metastatic breast cancer. Previously, using a mouse genetics approach, we demonstrated that inherited germline polymorphisms contribute to metastatic disease, and that these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) could be used to predict outcome in breast cancer patients. In this study, a backcross between a highly metastatic (FVB/NJ) and low metastatic (MOLF/EiJ) mouse strain identified Arntl2, a gene encoding a circadian rhythm transcription factor, as a metastasis susceptibility gene associated with progression, specifically in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer patients. Integrated whole genome sequence analysis with DNase hypersensitivity sites reveals SNPs in the predicted promoter of Arntl2. Using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated substitution of the MOLF promoter, we demonstrate that the SNPs regulate Arntl2 transcription and affect metastatic burden. Finally, analysis of SNPs associated with ARNTL2 expression in human breast cancer patients revealed reproducible associations of ARNTL2 expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) SNPs with disease-free survival, consistent with the mouse studies. Estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) breast cancer is a highly malignant form of breast cancer with poor prognosis. Like most solid tumors, the mortality associated with ER- breast cancer is due to the development of secondary tumors, or metastases, in vital organs distant from the original breast tumor. ER- breast tumors, particularly those also lacking HER (human epidermal growth factor receptor) expression, are particularly deadly because unlike ER+ or HER+ breast cancers, targeted therapies have not yet been developed that can effectively reduce or eliminate tumor cells that have disseminated throughout the patient. Therefore, better understanding of the etiology of metastasis in ER- patients would potentially have a large clinical benefit by providing new targets to eradicate single tumor cells before they develop into metastases. A better understanding of metastasis etiology may also provide methods to prevent the conversion of these disseminated cells into life-threatening lesions. In this study, we demonstrate that a commonly used model of metastatic breast cancer is capable of identifying genes that play a role in the metastatic progression of ER- breast cancers. Furthermore, we identify the circadian rhythm gene, Arntl2, as a gene associated with inherited susceptibility for the development of metastatic lesions. These studies provide additional information regarding the mechanisms associated with metastasis in ER- breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc-Han Ha
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Xiao Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Kent W. Hunter
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda D. Siracusa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LDS); (KMB)
| | - Karen M. Bussard
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LDS); (KMB)
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Lee M, Crawford NPS. Defining the Influence of Germline Variation on Metastasis Using Systems Genetics Approaches. Adv Cancer Res 2016; 132:73-109. [PMID: 27613130 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is estimated to be responsible for 8 million deaths worldwide and over half a million deaths every year in the United States. The majority of cancer-related deaths in solid tumors is directly associated with the effects of metastasis. While the influence of germline factors on cancer risk and development has long been recognized, the contribution of hereditary variation to tumor progression and metastasis has only gained acceptance more recently. A variety of approaches have been used to define how hereditary variation influences tumor progression and metastasis. One approach that garnered much early attention was epidemiological studies of cohorts of cancer patients, which demonstrated that specific loci within the human genome are associated with a differential propensity for aggressive tumor development. However, a powerful, and somewhat underutilized approach has been the use of systems genetics approaches in transgenic mouse models of human cancer. Such approaches are typically multifaceted, and involve integration of multiple lines of evidence derived, for example, from genetic and transcriptomic screens of genetically diverse mouse models of cancer, coupled with bioinformatics analysis of human cancer datasets, and functional analysis of candidate genes. These methodologies have allowed for the identification of multiple hereditary metastasis susceptibility genes, with wide-ranging cellular functions including regulation of gene transcription, cell proliferation, and cell-cell adhesion. In this chapter, we review how each of these approaches have facilitated the identification of these hereditary metastasis modifiers, the molecular functions of these metastasis-associated genes, and the implications of these findings upon patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lee
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - N P S Crawford
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States.
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Vogelsang M, Martinez CN, Rendleman J, Bapodra A, Malecek K, Romanchuk A, Kazlow E, Shapiro RL, Berman RS, Krogsgaard M, Osman I, Kirchhoff T. The Expression Quantitative Trait Loci in Immune Pathways and their Effect on Cutaneous Melanoma Prognosis. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:3268-80. [PMID: 26733611 PMCID: PMC5024570 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-2066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The identification of personalized germline markers with biologic relevance for the prediction of cutaneous melanoma prognosis is highly demanded but to date, it has been largely unsuccessful. As melanoma progression is controlled by host immunity, here we present a novel approach interrogating immunoregulatory pathways using the genome-wide maps of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) to reveal biologically relevant germline variants modulating cutaneous melanoma outcomes. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Using whole genome eQTL data from a healthy population, we identified 385 variants significantly impacting the expression of 268 immune-relevant genes. The 40 most significant eQTLs were tested in a prospective cohort of 1,221 patients with cutaneous melanoma for their association with overall (OS) and recurrence-free survival using Cox regression models. RESULTS We identified highly significant associations with better melanoma OS for rs6673928, impacting IL19 expression (HR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.41-0.77; P = 0.0002) and rs6695772, controlling the expression of BATF3 (HR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.19-2.24; P = 0.0019). Both associations map in the previously suspected melanoma prognostic locus at 1q32. Furthermore, we show that their combined effect on melanoma OS is substantially enhanced reaching the level of clinical applicability (HR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.43-2.60; P = 2.38e-5). CONCLUSIONS Our unique approach of interrogating lymphocyte-specific eQTLs reveals novel and biologically relevant immunomodulatory eQTL predictors of cutaneous melanoma prognosis that are independent of current histopathologic markers. The significantly enhanced combined effect of identified eQTLs suggests the personalized utilization of both SNPs in a clinical setting, strongly indicating the promise of the proposed design for the discovery of prognostic or risk germline markers in other cancers. Clin Cancer Res; 22(13); 3268-80. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matjaz Vogelsang
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. The Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Carlos N Martinez
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. The Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Justin Rendleman
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. The Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Anuj Bapodra
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. The Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Karolina Malecek
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. The Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Artur Romanchuk
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. The Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Esther Kazlow
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. The Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Richard L Shapiro
- The Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Russell S Berman
- The Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Michelle Krogsgaard
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. The Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Iman Osman
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. The Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. Ronald O. Perelman, Department of Dermatology, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Tomas Kirchhoff
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. The Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.
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Bai L, Yang HH, Hu Y, Shukla A, Ha NH, Doran A, Faraji F, Goldberger N, Lee MP, Keane T, Hunter KW. An Integrated Genome-Wide Systems Genetics Screen for Breast Cancer Metastasis Susceptibility Genes. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1005989. [PMID: 27074153 PMCID: PMC4830524 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis remains the primary cause of patient morbidity and mortality in solid tumors and is due to the action of a large number of tumor-autonomous and non-autonomous factors. Here we report the results of a genome-wide integrated strategy to identify novel metastasis susceptibility candidate genes and molecular pathways in breast cancer metastasis. This analysis implicates a number of transcriptional regulators and suggests cell-mediated immunity is an important determinant. Moreover, the analysis identified novel or FDA-approved drugs as potentially useful for anti-metastatic therapy. Further explorations implementing this strategy may therefore provide a variety of information for clinical applications in the control and treatment of advanced neoplastic disease. Metastasis, the spread and growth of tumor cells from the original tumor to secondary sites throughout the body, is the primary cause of cancer-related death for most solid tumor types. The process of metastasis is very complex, requiring multiple individual steps and the cooperation of different cell types during the dissemination and proliferation steps. Many genes are involved in this process, but at present few have been identified and characterized. In this study, we have integrated multiple genome-wide analysis methods to try to identify large numbers of candidate metastasis-associated genes and pathways based on a highly metastatic mouse model. Using this strategy, we have identified a number of genes that predict outcome of human breast cancer. These genes implicate specific molecular and cellular pathways in the metastatic process that might be used to intervene in the process. Furthermore, this integrated analysis implicates pre-existing drugs that might be re-purposed to help prevent or reduce metastatic burden in patients. The combined results obtained from this analytical strategy therefore provide an important platform for further genome-wide analysis into the etiology of metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Bai
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Howard H. Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ying Hu
- Center for Bioinformatics and Information Technology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Anjali Shukla
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ngoc-Han Ha
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Anthony Doran
- Computational Genomics Program, Welcome Trust Sanger Centre, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Farhoud Faraji
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Natalie Goldberger
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Maxwell P. Lee
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Thomas Keane
- Computational Genomics Program, Welcome Trust Sanger Centre, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kent W. Hunter
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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CADM1 inhibits squamous cell carcinoma progression by reducing STAT3 activity. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24006. [PMID: 27035095 PMCID: PMC4817512 DOI: 10.1038/srep24006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Although squamous cell carcinomas (SqCCs) of the lungs, head and neck, oesophagus, and cervix account for up to 30% of cancer deaths, the mechanisms that regulate disease progression remain incompletely understood. Here, we use gene transduction and human tumor xenograft assays to establish that the tumour suppressor Cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) inhibits SqCC proliferation and invasion, processes fundamental to disease progression. We determine that the extracellular domain of CADM1 mediates these effects by forming a complex with HER2 and integrin α6β4 at the cell surface that disrupts downstream STAT3 activity. We subsequently show that treating CADM1 null tumours with the JAK/STAT inhibitor ruxolitinib mimics CADM1 gene restoration in preventing SqCC growth and metastases. Overall, this study identifies a novel mechanism by which CADM1 prevents SqCC progression and suggests that screening tumours for loss of CADM1 expression will help identify those patients most likely to benefit from JAK/STAT targeted chemotherapies.
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Weyemi U, Redon CE, Choudhuri R, Aziz T, Maeda D, Boufraqech M, Parekh PR, Sethi TK, Kasoji M, Abrams N, Merchant A, Rajapakse VN, Bonner WM. The histone variant H2A.X is a regulator of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10711. [PMID: 26876487 PMCID: PMC4756313 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), considered essential for metastatic cancer, has been a focus of much research, but important questions remain. Here, we show that silencing or removing H2A.X, a histone H2A variant involved in cellular DNA repair and robust growth, induces mesenchymal-like characteristics including activation of EMT transcription factors, Slug and ZEB1, in HCT116 human colon cancer cells. Ectopic H2A.X re-expression partially reverses these changes, as does silencing Slug and ZEB1. In an experimental metastasis model, the HCT116 parental and H2A.X-null cells exhibit a similar metastatic behaviour, but the cells with re-expressed H2A.X are substantially more metastatic. We surmise that H2A.X re-expression leads to partial EMT reversal and increases robustness in the HCT116 cells, permitting them to both form tumours and to metastasize. In a human adenocarcinoma panel, H2A.X levels correlate inversely with Slug and ZEB1 levels. Together, these results point to H2A.X as a regulator of EMT. The histone H2A variants are involved in DNA repair, gene regulation and cancer development. In this study, the authors unravel an additional role for H2A.X in the regulation of mesenchymal-like traits and activation of the EMT transcription factors, Slug and ZEB1, in colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urbain Weyemi
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Christophe E Redon
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Rohini Choudhuri
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Towqir Aziz
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Daisuke Maeda
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Myriem Boufraqech
- Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Palak R Parekh
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Taresh K Sethi
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Manjula Kasoji
- Center for Cancer Research Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, National Cancer Institute, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Natalie Abrams
- Center for Cancer Research Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, National Cancer Institute, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Anand Merchant
- Center for Cancer Research Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, National Cancer Institute, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Vinodh N Rajapakse
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - William M Bonner
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Faraji F, Hu Y, Yang HH, Lee MP, Winkler GS, Hafner M, Hunter KW. Post-transcriptional Control of Tumor Cell Autonomous Metastatic Potential by CCR4-NOT Deadenylase CNOT7. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1005820. [PMID: 26807845 PMCID: PMC4726497 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence supports the role of an aberrant transcriptome as a driver of metastatic potential. Deadenylation is a general regulatory node for post-transcriptional control by microRNAs and other determinants of RNA stability. Previously, we demonstrated that the CCR4-NOT scaffold component Cnot2 is an inherited metastasis susceptibility gene. In this study, using orthotopic metastasis assays and genetically engineered mouse models, we show that one of the enzymatic subunits of the CCR4-NOT complex, Cnot7, is also a metastasis modifying gene. We demonstrate that higher expression of Cnot7 drives tumor cell autonomous metastatic potential, which requires its deadenylase activity. Furthermore, metastasis promotion by CNOT7 is dependent on interaction with CNOT1 and TOB1. CNOT7 ribonucleoprotein-immunoprecipitation (RIP) and integrated transcriptome wide analyses reveal that CNOT7-regulated transcripts are enriched for a tripartite 3'UTR motif bound by RNA-binding proteins known to complex with CNOT7, TOB1, and CNOT1. Collectively, our data support a model of CNOT7, TOB1, CNOT1, and RNA-binding proteins collectively exerting post-transcriptional control on a metastasis suppressive transcriptional program to drive tumor cell metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhoud Faraji
- Metastasis Susceptibility Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Ying Hu
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Howard H. Yang
- Metastasis Susceptibility Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Maxwell P. Lee
- Metastasis Susceptibility Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | - Markus Hafner
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kent W. Hunter
- Metastasis Susceptibility Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Lee M, Williams KA, Hu Y, Andreas J, Patel SJ, Zhang S, Crawford NPS. GNL3 and SKA3 are novel prostate cancer metastasis susceptibility genes. Clin Exp Metastasis 2015; 32:769-82. [PMID: 26429724 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-015-9745-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is very common in developed countries. However, the molecular determinants of PC metastasis are unclear. Previously, we reported that germline variation influences metastasis in the C57BL/6-Tg(TRAMP)8247Ng/J (TRAMP) mouse model of PC. These mice develop prostate tumors similar to a subset of poor outcome, treatment-associated human PC tumors. Here, we used TRAMP mice to nominate candidate genes and validate their role in aggressive human PC in PC datasets and cell lines. Candidate metastasis susceptibility genes were identified through quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping in 201 (TRAMP × PWK/PhJ) F2 males. Two metastasis-associated QTLs were identified; one on chromosome 12 (LOD = 5.86), and one on chromosome 14 (LOD = 4.41). Correlation analysis using microarray data from (TRAMP × PWK/PhJ) F2 prostate tumors identified 35 metastasis-associated transcripts within the two loci. The role of these genes in susceptibility to aggressive human PC was determined through in silico analysis using multiple datasets. First, analysis of candidate gene expression in two human PC datasets demonstrated that five candidate genes were associated with an increased risk of aggressive disease and lower disease-free survival. Second, four of these genes (GNL3, MAT1A, SKA3, and ZMYM5) harbored SNPs associated with aggressive tumorigenesis in the PLCO/CGEMS GWAS of 1172 PC patients. Finally, over-expression of GNL3 and SKA3 in the PC-3 human PC cell line decreased in vitro cell migration and invasion. This novel approach demonstrates how mouse models can be used to identify metastasis susceptibility genes, and gives new insight into the molecular mechanisms of fatal PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minnkyong Lee
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Kendra A Williams
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ying Hu
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Jonathan Andreas
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Shashank J Patel
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Suiyuan Zhang
- Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Nigel P S Crawford
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA. .,, 50 South Drive, Room 5154, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Hunter K. The role of individual inheritance in tumor progression and metastasis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2015; 93:719-25. [PMID: 26054921 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-015-1299-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis, the dissemination and growth of tumor cells at secondary sites, is the primary cause of patient mortality from solid tumors. Metastasis is an extremely complex, inefficient process requiring contributions of not only the tumor cell but also local and distant environmental factors, at both the cellular and molecular level. Variation in the function of any of the steps in the metastatic cascade may therefore have profound implications for the ultimate course of the disease. In addition to the somatic and cellular heterogeneity that can affect cancer outcome, an individual's specific ancestry or genetic background can also significantly influence metastatic progression. These inherited variants not only encoded for metastatic susceptibility but also provided a window to study critical factors that are not easily accessible with current technologies. Furthermore, investigations into inherited metastatic susceptibility enable identification of important molecular and cellular processes that are not subject to mutation and are consequently not detectable by standard cancer genome sequencing strategies. Incorporation of inherited variation into metastasis research therefore provides methods to more comprehensively investigate the etiology of the lethal consequences of tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kent Hunter
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCR/NCI/NIH, Building 37 Room 5046C, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4264, USA,
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Deasy S, Szczepanek K, Hunter KW. Targeting metastatic breast cancer: problems and potential. F1000Res 2015; 4. [PMID: 33842931 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.6151.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality of women in the United States. Since the majority of cancer deaths are due to metastases rather than the primary tumor, a better understanding of the biological mechanisms that lead to metastatic disease is critical to reduce breast cancer associated mortality. Current adjuvant therapies use the same broadly cytotoxic and targeted strategies against metastases as are used against the primary tumor. However, resistance to chemotherapy due to the cellular dormancy, high genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity between primary tumor and metastases as well as among individual metastases, and the limitations in detection of disseminated tumor cells and micrometastases significantly hinder the efficiency of currently available therapies. While it is crucial to directly address the issue of metastatic dormancy and evaluate for anti-metastatic therapy the relevance of molecular targets chosen based on primary tumor profiling, it is also imperative to address metastasis-specific mechanisms of growth and survival that are likely to be distinct from those of the primary tumor. We believe that a three-pronged approach to therapy will be necessary to deal with progressive disease: blocking of further dissemination after diagnosis; eradication of disseminated tumor cells and prevention of the dormant-to-proliferative switch of those remaining; and elimination of established metastatic tumors. The implementation of this strategy requires a greater depth of knowledge of metastasis driver and maintenance genes and suggests the need for a "Metastasis Genome Atlas" project to complement the current investigations into cancer genomic landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Deasy
- Metastasis Susceptibility Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Institute for Biomedical Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Karol Szczepanek
- Metastasis Susceptibility Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kent W Hunter
- Metastasis Susceptibility Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Wikman H, Westphal L, Schmid F, Pollari S, Kropidlowski J, Sielaff-Frimpong B, Glatzel M, Matschke J, Westphal M, Iljin K, Huhtala H, Terracciano L, Kallioniemi A, Sauter G, Müller V, Witzel I, Lamszus K, Kemming D, Pantel K. Loss of CADM1 expression is associated with poor prognosis and brain metastasis in breast cancer patients. Oncotarget 2015; 5:3076-87. [PMID: 24833255 PMCID: PMC4102793 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer brain metastases (BCBM) are detected with increasing incidence. In order to detect potential genes involved in BCBM, we first screened for genes down-regulated by methylation in cell lines with site-specific metastatic ability. The expression of five genes, CADM1, SPARC, RECK, TNFAIP3 and CXCL14, which were also found down-regulated in gene expression profiling analyses of BCBM tissue samples, was verified by qRT-PCR in a larger patient cohort. CADM1 was chosen for further down-stream analyses. A higher incidence of CADM1 methylation, correlating with lower expression levels, was found in BCBM as compared to primary BC. Loss of CADM1 protein expression was detected most commonly among BCBM samples as well as among primary tumors with subsequent brain relapse. The prognostic role of CADM1 expression was finally verified in four large independent breast cancer cohorts (n=2136). Loss of CADM1 protein expression was associated with disease stage, lymph node status, and tumor size in primary BC. Furthermore, all analyses revealed a significant association between loss of CADM1 and shorter survival. In multivariate analyses, survival was significantly shorter among patients with CADM1-negative tumors. Loss of CADM1 expression is an independent prognostic factor especially associated with the development of brain metastases in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet Wikman
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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van den Berg L, Koelsch BU, Winzen-Reichert B, Fischer C, Kutritz A, Kindler-Röhrborn A. Genetic dissection of theMss4locus mediating sex-biased cancer resistance in the rat peripheral nervous system. Int J Cancer 2014; 136:2099-108. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linda van den Berg
- Department of Pathology; University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen; Essen Germany
| | - Bernd U. Koelsch
- Department of Pathology; University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen; Essen Germany
| | - Bettina Winzen-Reichert
- Department of Pathology; University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen; Essen Germany
| | - Christine Fischer
- Department of Human Genetics; University of Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Andrea Kutritz
- Department of Pathology; University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen; Essen Germany
| | - Andrea Kindler-Röhrborn
- Department of Pathology; University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen; Essen Germany
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Sun Z, Meng C, Wang S, Zhou N, Guan M, Bai C, Lu S, Han Q, Zhao RC. MicroRNA-1246 enhances migration and invasion through CADM1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:616. [PMID: 25159494 PMCID: PMC4150976 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aberrant expression of microRNAs has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in the initiation and progression of hepatocarcinoma. miR-1246 expression in High invasive ability cell line than significantly higher than that in low invasive ability cell line. METHODS Transwell chambers (8-uM pore size; Costar) were used in the in vitro migration and invison anssay. Dual luciferase reporter gene construct and Dual luciferase reporter assay to identify the target of miR-1246. CADM1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistric staining. The clinical manifestations, treatments and survival were collected for statistical analysis. RESULTS Inhibition of miR-1246 effectively reduced migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-1246 specifically targeted the 3'-UTR of Cell adhesion molecule 1 and regulated its expression. Down-regulation of CADM1 enhanced migration and invasion of HCC cell lines. Furthermore, in tumor tissues obtained from liver cancer patients, the expression of miR-1246 was negatively correlated with CADM1 and the high expression of miR-1246 combined with low expression of CADM1 might serve as a risk factor for stage1 liver cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that miR-1246, by down-regulation CADM1, enhances migration and invasion in HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Qin Han
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Melanoma susceptibility as a complex trait: genetic variation controls all stages of tumor progression. Oncogene 2014; 34:2879-86. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Unsworth A, Anderson R, Britt K. Stromal fibroblasts and the immune microenvironment: partners in mammary gland biology and pathology? J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2014; 19:169-82. [PMID: 24984900 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-014-9326-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The microenvironment of a tumor has emerged recently as a critical contributor to the development of cancer. Within this environment, fibroblasts and immune cells are the cell lineages that seem to be active mediators of tumour development. The activated fibroblasts that are also present during wound healing and chronic inflammation have been studied extensively. Their activation leads to altered gene expression profiles that markedly increase growth factor and cytokine secretion, leading to major alterations in the immune cell microenvironment. To better understand normal tissue development, wound healing and the chronic inflammation that leads to cancer, we review here information available on the role of fibroblasts and immune cells in normal breast development and in cancer. We also discuss the immunogenicity of breast cancer compared to other cancers and the contribution of the immune microenvironment to the initiation, progression and metastasis of tumors. Also reviewed is the limited knowledge on the role of immune cells and fibroblasts in normal development and whether the risk of cancer increases when their control is not tightly regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh Unsworth
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 7 St Andrews Place East, Melbourne, 3002, Australia
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