1
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Fasteen TD, Hernandez MR, Policastro RA, Sterrett MC, Zenter GE, Tennessen JM. The Drosophila Estrogen-Related Receptor promotes triglyceride storage within the larval fat body. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.13.612925. [PMID: 39314431 PMCID: PMC11419140 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.13.612925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
The Estrogen-Related Receptor (ERR) family of nuclear receptors (NRs) serve key roles in coordinating triglyceride (TAG) accumulation with juvenile growth and development. In both insects and mammals, ERR activity promotes TAG storage during the post-embryonic growth phase, with loss-of-function mutations in mouse Esrra and Drosophila melanogaster dERR inducing a lean phenotype. However, the role of insect ERRs in controlling TAG accumulation within adipose tissue remains poorly understood, as previous transcriptomic and metabolomic studies relied on whole animal analyses. Here we address this shortcoming by using tissue-specific approaches to examine the role of dERR in regulating lipid metabolism within the Drosophila larval fat body. We find that dERR autonomously promotes TAG accumulation within fat body cells and regulates expression of genes involved in glycolysis, β-oxidation, and mevalonate metabolism. As an extension of these results, we not only discovered that dERR mutant fat bodies exhibit decreased expression of known dHNF4 target genes but also found that dHNF4 activity is decreased in dERR mutants. Overall, our findings indicate that dERR plays a multifaceted role in the larval fat body to coordinate lipid storage with developmental growth and hint at a conserved mechanism by which ERR and HNF4 homologs coordinately regulate metabolic gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tess D Fasteen
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | | | | | - Maria C Sterrett
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Gabriel E Zenter
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Jason M Tennessen
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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2
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Deshpande G, Ng C, Jourjine N, Chiew JW, Dasilva J, Schedl P. Hedgehog signaling guides migration of primordial germ cells to the Drosophila somatic gonad. Genetics 2023; 225:iyad165. [PMID: 37708366 PMCID: PMC10627259 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyad165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to inducing nonautonomous specification of cell fate in both Drosophila and vertebrates, the Hedgehog pathway guides cell migration in a variety of different tissues. Although its role in axon guidance in the vertebrate nervous system is widely recognized, its role in guiding the migratory path of primordial germ cells (PGCs) from the outside surface of the Drosophila embryo through the midgut and mesoderm to the SGPs (somatic gonadal precursors) has been controversial. Here we present new experiments demonstrating (1) that Hh produced by mesodermal cells guides PGC migration, (2) that HMG CoenzymeA reductase (Hmgcr) potentiates guidance signals emanating from the SGPs, functioning upstream of hh and of 2 Hh pathway genes important for Hh-containing cytonemes, and (3) that factors required in Hh receiving cells in other contexts function in PGCs to help direct migration toward the SGPs. We also compare the data reported by 4 different laboratories that have studied the role of the Hh pathway in guiding PGC migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girish Deshpande
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Chris Ng
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Nicholas Jourjine
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Joy Wan Chiew
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Juliana Dasilva
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Paul Schedl
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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3
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Rengaraj D, Cha DG, Park KJ, Lee KY, Woo SJ, Han JY. Finer resolution analysis of transcriptional programming during the active migration of chicken primordial germ cells. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:5911-5924. [PMID: 36382185 PMCID: PMC9636429 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) in chickens polarize and move passively toward the anterior region by the morphogenetic movement of the embryo. Further migration of PGCs towards the genital ridge via the germinal crescent region and blood vessels occurs actively through the chemoattractive signals. The mechanisms of initiation of PGCs migration, lodging the PGCs in the vascular system, and colonization of PGCs in the gonads are well-studied. However, transcriptome sequencing-based cues directing the migration of the PGCs towards gonads, some of the relevant molecules, biological processes, and transcription factors (TFs) are less studied in chickens. The current study comprehensively interprets the transcriptional programming of PGCs during their active migration (E2.5 to E8). Current results revealed several vital understandings, including a set of genes that upregulated male-specifically (XPA, GNG10, RPL17, RPS23, and NDUFS4) or female-specifically (HINTW, NIPBL, TERAL2, ATP5F1AW, and SMAD2W) in migrating PGCs, and transcriptionally distinct PGCs, particularly in the gonadal environment. We identified DNA methylation and histone modification-associated genes that are novel in chicken PGCs and show a time-dependent enrichment in migrating PGCs. We further identified a large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs, including TFs) in blood PGCs (at E2.5) compared to gonadal PGCs (at E8) in both sexes; however, this difference was greater in males. We also revealed the enriched biological processes and signaling pathways of significant DEGs identified commonly, male-specifically, or female-specifically between the PGCs isolated at E2.5, E6, and E8. Collectively, these analyses provide molecular insights into chicken PGCs during their active migration phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deivendran Rengaraj
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Dong Gon Cha
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Kyung Je Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Kyung Youn Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seung Je Woo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Corresponding author at: Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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4
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Kim JH, Hanlon CD, Vohra S, Devreotes PN, Andrew DJ. Hedgehog signaling and Tre1 regulate actin dynamics through PI(4,5)P 2 to direct migration of Drosophila embryonic germ cells. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108799. [PMID: 33657369 PMCID: PMC8023404 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The Tre1 G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) was discovered to be required for Drosophila germ cell (GC) coalescence almost two decades ago, yet the molecular events both upstream and downstream of Tre1 activation remain poorly understood. To gain insight into these events, we describe a bona fide null allele and both untagged and tagged versions of Tre1. We find that the primary defect with complete Tre1 loss is the failure of GCs to properly navigate, with GC mis-migration occurring from early stages. We find that Tre1 localizes with F-actin at the migration front, along with PI(4,5)P2; dPIP5K, an enzyme that generates PI(4,5)P2; and dWIP, a protein that binds activated Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP), which stimulates F-actin polymerization. We show that Tre1 is required for polarized accumulation of F-actin, PI(4,5)P2, and dPIP5K. Smoothened also localizes with F-actin at the migration front, and Hh, through Smo, increases levels of Tre1 at the plasma membrane and Tre1’s association with dPIP5K. Kim et al. uncover molecular and cellular events upstream and downstream of the Tre1 G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), which is required for germ cell navigation in Drosophila. Hedgehog signaling through Smoothened localizes Tre1 to activate F-actin assembly through dPIP5K, PI(4,5)P2, and WASP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Kim
- Department of Cell Biology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Caitlin D Hanlon
- Department of Cell Biology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sunaina Vohra
- Department of Cell Biology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter N Devreotes
- Department of Cell Biology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Deborah J Andrew
- Department of Cell Biology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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5
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Kenwrick K, Mukherjee A, Renault AD. Hmgcr promotes a long-range signal to attract Drosophila germ cells independently of Hedgehog. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.232637. [PMID: 31719159 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.232637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
During development, many cell types migrate along stereotyped routes determined through deployment of cell surface or secreted guidance molecules. Although we know the identity of many of these molecules, the distances over which they natively operate can be difficult to determine. Here, we have quantified the range of an attractive signal for the migration of Drosophila germ cells. Their migration is guided by an attractive signal generated by the expression of genes in the 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (Hmgcr) pathway, and by a repulsive signal generated by the expression of Wunens. We demonstrate that the attractive signal downstream of Hmgcr is cell-contact independent and acts at long range, the extent of which depends on Hmgcr levels. This range would be sufficient to reach all of the germ cells for their entire migration. Furthermore, Hmgcr-mediated attraction does not require Wunens but can operate simultaneously with Wunen-mediated repulsion. Finally, several papers posit Hedgehog (Hh) as being the germ cell attractant downstream of H mgcr Here, we provide evidence that this is not the case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Kenwrick
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Amrita Mukherjee
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK
| | - Andrew D Renault
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
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6
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Bialistoky T, Manry D, Smith P, Ng C, Kim Y, Zamir S, Moyal V, Kalifa R, Schedl P, Gerlitz O, Deshpande G. Functional analysis of Niemann-Pick disease type C family protein, NPC1a, in Drosophila melanogaster. Development 2019; 146:dev.168427. [PMID: 31092503 DOI: 10.1242/dev.168427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
During embryonic gonad coalescence, primordial germ cells (PGCs) follow a carefully choreographed migratory route circumscribed by guidance signals towards somatic gonadal precursor cells (SGPs). In Drosophila melanogaster, SGP-derived Hedgehog (Hh), which serves as a guidance cue for the PGCs, is potentiated by mesodermally restricted HMGCoA-reductase (Hmgcr) and the ABC transporter Multi-drug-resistant-49 (Mdr49). Given the importance of cholesterol modification in the processing and long-distance transmission of the Hh ligand, we have analyzed the involvement of the Niemann-Pick disease type C-1a (NPC1a) protein, a cholesterol transporter, in germ cell migration and Hedgehog signaling. We show that mesoderm-specific inactivation of Npc1a results in germ cell migration defects. Similar to Mdr49, PGC migration defects in the Npc1a embryos are ameliorated by a cholesterol-rich diet. Consistently, reduction in Npc1a weakens the ability of ectopic HMG Coenzyme A reductase (Hmgcr) to induce germ cell migration defects. Moreover, compromising Npc1a levels influences Hh signaling adversely during wing development, a process that relies upon long-range Hh signaling. Last, doubly heterozygous embryos (Mdr49/Npc1a) display enhanced germ cell migration defects when compared with single mutants (Npc1a/+ or Mdr49/+), supporting cooperative interaction between the two.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzofia Bialistoky
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Diane Manry
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Peyton Smith
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Christopher Ng
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Yunah Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Sol Zamir
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Victoria Moyal
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rachel Kalifa
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Paul Schedl
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Offer Gerlitz
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Girish Deshpande
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
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7
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Deshpande G, Barr J, Gerlitz O, Lebedeva L, Shidlovskii Y, Schedl P. Cells on the move: Modulation of guidance cues during germ cell migration. Fly (Austin) 2017; 11:200-207. [PMID: 28300473 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2017.1304332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In Drosophila melanogaster the progenitors of the germ-line stem cells, the primordial germ cells (PGCs) are formed on the outside surface of the early embryo, while the somatic gonadal precursor cells (SGPs) are specified during mid-embryogenesis. To form the primitive embryonic gonad, the PGCs travel from outside of the embryo, across the mid-gut and then migrate through the mesoderm to the SGPs. The migratory path of PGCs is dictated by a series of attractive and repulsive cues. Studies in our laboratory have shown that one of the key chemoattractants is the Hedgehog (Hh) ligand. Although, Hh is expressed in other cell types, the long-distance transmission of this ligand is specifically potentiated in the SGPs by the hmgcr isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway. The distant transmission of the Hh ligand is gated by restricting expression of hmgcr to the SGPs. This is particularly relevant in light of the recent findings that an ABC transporter, mdr49 also acts in a mesoderm specific manner to release the germ cell attractant. Our studies have demonstrated that mdr49 functions in hh signaling likely via its role in the transport of cholesterol. Given the importance of cholesterol in the processing and long distance transmission of the Hh ligand, this observation has opened up an exciting avenue concerning the possible role of components of the sterol transport machinery in PGC migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girish Deshpande
- a Department of Molecular Biology , Princeton University , Princeton , NJ , USA
| | - Justinn Barr
- a Department of Molecular Biology , Princeton University , Princeton , NJ , USA
| | - Offer Gerlitz
- b Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, IMRIC , The Hebrew University , Jerusalem , Israel
| | - Lyubov Lebedeva
- c Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development . Institute of Gene Biology , Moscow , Russia
| | - Yulii Shidlovskii
- c Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development . Institute of Gene Biology , Moscow , Russia
| | - Paul Schedl
- a Department of Molecular Biology , Princeton University , Princeton , NJ , USA.,c Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development . Institute of Gene Biology , Moscow , Russia
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8
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Simon E, Aguirre-Tamaral A, Aguilar G, Guerrero I. Perspectives on Intra- and Intercellular Trafficking of Hedgehog for Tissue Patterning. J Dev Biol 2016; 4:jdb4040034. [PMID: 29615597 PMCID: PMC5831803 DOI: 10.3390/jdb4040034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intercellular communication is a fundamental process for correct tissue development. The mechanism of this process involves, among other things, the production and secretion of signaling molecules by specialized cell types and the capability of these signals to reach the target cells in order to trigger specific responses. Hedgehog (Hh) is one of the best-studied signaling pathways because of its importance during morphogenesis in many organisms. The Hh protein acts as a morphogen, activating its targets at a distance in a concentration-dependent manner. Post-translational modifications of Hh lead to a molecule covalently bond to two lipid moieties. These lipid modifications confer Hh high affinity to lipidic membranes, and intense studies have been carried out to explain its release into the extracellular matrix. This work reviews Hh molecule maturation, the intracellular recycling needed for its secretion and the proposed carriers to explain Hh transportation to the receiving cells. Special focus is placed on the role of specialized filopodia, also named cytonemes, in morphogen transport and gradient formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eléanor Simon
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CSIC-UAM, Nicolás Cabrera 1, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Adrián Aguirre-Tamaral
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CSIC-UAM, Nicolás Cabrera 1, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Gustavo Aguilar
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CSIC-UAM, Nicolás Cabrera 1, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Isabel Guerrero
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CSIC-UAM, Nicolás Cabrera 1, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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9
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Chen H, Zuo Q, Wang Y, Ahmed MF, Jin K, Song J, Zhang Y, Li B. Regulation of Hedgehog Signaling in Chicken Embryonic Stem Cells Differentiation Into Male Germ Cells (
Gallus
). J Cell Biochem 2016; 118:1379-1386. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215006China
| | - Qisheng Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China
| | - Yinjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China
| | - Mahmoud F. Ahmed
- College of Veterinary MedicineSuez Canal UniversityIsmailia41522Egypt
| | - Kai Jin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China
| | - Jiuzhou Song
- Animal and Avian SciencesUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland20741
| | - Yani Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China
| | - Bichun Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China
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10
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Hoorens I, van de Kerckhove M, Poppe B, Vossaert K. Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome and dysgerminoma: an incidental association? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 30:e53-e55. [PMID: 26333390 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I Hoorens
- Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
| | | | - B Poppe
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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11
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Barton LJ, LeBlanc MG, Lehmann R. Finding their way: themes in germ cell migration. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2016; 42:128-137. [PMID: 27484857 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Embryonic germ cell migration is a vital component of the germline lifecycle. The translocation of germ cells from the place of origin to the developing somatic gonad involves several processes including passive movements with underlying tissues, transepithelial migration, cell adhesion dynamics, the establishment of environmental guidance cues and the ability to sustain directed migration. How germ cells accomplish these feats in established model organisms will be discussed in this review, with a focus on recent discoveries and themes conserved across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lacy J Barton
- HHMI and Skirball Institute at NYU School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Michelle G LeBlanc
- HHMI and Skirball Institute at NYU School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Ruth Lehmann
- HHMI and Skirball Institute at NYU School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States.
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12
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Deshpande G, Manry D, Jourjine N, Mogila V, Mozes H, Bialistoky T, Gerlitz O, Schedl P. Role of the ABC transporter Mdr49 in Hedgehog signaling and germ cell migration. Development 2016; 143:2111-20. [PMID: 27122170 DOI: 10.1242/dev.133587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Coalescence of the embryonic gonad in Drosophila melanogaster requires directed migration of primordial germ cells (PGCs) towards somatic gonadal precursor cells (SGPs). It was recently proposed that the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter Mdr49 functions in the embryonic mesoderm to facilitate the transmission of the PGC attractant from the SGPs; however, the precise molecular identity of the Mdr49-dependent guidance signal remained elusive. Employing the loss- and gain-of-function strategies, we show that Mdr49 is a component of the Hedgehog (hh) pathway and it potentiates the signaling activity. This function is direct because in Mdr49 mutant embryos the Hh ligand is inappropriately sequestered in the hh-expressing cells. Our data also suggest that the role of Mdr49 is to provide cholesterol for the correct processing of the Hh precursor protein. Supporting this conclusion, PGC migration defects in Mdr49 embryos are substantially ameliorated by a cholesterol-rich diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girish Deshpande
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Diane Manry
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Nicholas Jourjine
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Vladic Mogila
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Henny Mozes
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, IMRIC, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Tzofia Bialistoky
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, IMRIC, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Offer Gerlitz
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, IMRIC, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Paul Schedl
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia
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13
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Araújo SJ. The Hedgehog Signalling Pathway in Cell Migration and Guidance: What We Have Learned from Drosophila melanogaster. Cancers (Basel) 2015; 7:2012-22. [PMID: 26445062 PMCID: PMC4695873 DOI: 10.3390/cancers7040873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell migration and guidance are complex processes required for morphogenesis, the formation of tumor metastases, and the progression of human cancer. During migration, guidance molecules induce cell directionality and movement through complex intracellular mechanisms. Expression of these molecules has to be tightly regulated and their signals properly interpreted by the receiving cells so as to ensure correct navigation. This molecular control is fundamental for both normal morphogenesis and human disease. The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is evolutionarily conserved and known to be crucial for normal cellular growth and differentiation throughout the animal kingdom. The relevance of Hh signaling for human disease is emphasized by its activation in many cancers. Here, I review the current knowledge regarding the involvement of the Hh pathway in cell migration and guidance during Drosophila development and discuss its implications for human cancer origin and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia J Araújo
- Institut de Biologia Molecular de Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC), Parc Cientific de Barcelona, C. Baldiri Reixac 10,08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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14
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Pocha SM, Montell DJ. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of single and collective cell migrations in Drosophila: themes and variations. Annu Rev Genet 2015; 48:295-318. [PMID: 25421599 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-120213-092218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The process of cell migration is essential throughout life, driving embryonic morphogenesis and ensuring homeostasis in adults. Defects in cell migration are a major cause of human disease, with excessive migration causing autoimmune diseases and cancer metastasis, whereas reduced capacity for migration leads to birth defects and immunodeficiencies. Myriad studies in vitro have established a consensus view that cell migrations require cell polarization, Rho GTPase-mediated cytoskeletal rearrangements, and myosin-mediated contractility. However, in vivo studies later revealed a more complex picture, including the discovery that cells migrate not only as single units but also as clusters, strands, and sheets. In particular, the role of E-Cadherin in cell motility appears to be more complex than previously appreciated. Here, we discuss recent advances achieved by combining the plethora of genetic tools available to the Drosophila geneticist with live imaging and biophysical techniques. Finally, we discuss the emerging themes such studies have revealed and ponder the puzzles that remain to be solved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin M Pocha
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California; 93106-9625; ,
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Guerrero I, Kornberg TB. Hedgehog and its circuitous journey from producing to target cells. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2014; 33:52-62. [PMID: 24994598 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The hedgehog (Hh) signaling protein has essential roles in the growth, development and regulation of many vertebrate and invertebrate organs. The processes that make Hh and prepare it for release from producing cells and that move it to target cells are both diverse and complex. This article reviews the essential features of these processes and highlights recent work that provides a novel framework to understand how these processes contribute to an integrated pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Guerrero
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Thomas B Kornberg
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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