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Bai B, Wen Y, Wang J, Wen F, Yan H, Yuan X, Xie J, Zhang R, Xia Q, Wang G. Fatty Acid Desaturase Bmdesat5, Suppressed in the Salivary Glands by Domestication, is Involved in Regulation of Food Intake in Silkworms. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:14177-14190. [PMID: 38875711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the evolutionary genetics of food intake regulation in domesticated animals has relevance to evolutionary biology, animal improvement, and obesity treatment. Here, we observed that the fatty acid desaturase gene (Bmdesat5), which regulates food intake, is suppressed in domesticated silkworms, but expressed in the salivary glands of the wild silkworm Bombyx mandarina. The content of its catalytic product, cis-vaccenic acid, was related to the expression levels of Bmdesat5 in the salivary glands of domesticated and wild silkworm strains. These two strains also showed significant differences in food intake. Using orally administering cis-vaccenic acid and transgenic-mediated overexpression, we verified that cis-vaccenic acid functions as a satiation signal, regulating food intake and growth in silkworms. Selection analysis showed that Bmdesat5 experienced selection, especially in the potential promoter, 5'-untranslated, and intron regions. This study highlights the importance of the decrement of satiety in silkworm domestication and provides new insights into the potential involvement of salivary glands in the regulation of satiety in animals, by acting as a supplement to gut-brain nutrient signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingchuan Bai
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuchan Wen
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Feng Wen
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hao Yan
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xingli Yuan
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiatong Xie
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ruihan Zhang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qingyou Xia
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Genhong Wang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Lu K, Pan Y, Shen J, Yang L, Zhan C, Liang S, Tai S, Wan L, Li T, Cheng T, Ma B, Pan G, He N, Lu C, Westhof E, Xiang Z, Han MJ, Tong X, Dai F. SilkMeta: a comprehensive platform for sharing and exploiting pan-genomic and multi-omic silkworm data. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:D1024-D1032. [PMID: 37941143 PMCID: PMC10767832 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The silkworm Bombyx mori is a domesticated insect that serves as an animal model for research and agriculture. The silkworm super-pan-genome dataset, which we published last year, is a unique resource for the study of global genomic diversity and phenotype-genotype association. Here we present SilkMeta (http://silkmeta.org.cn), a comprehensive database covering the available silkworm pan-genome and multi-omics data. The database contains 1082 short-read genomes, 546 long-read assembled genomes, 1168 transcriptomes, 294 phenotype characterizations (phenome), tens of millions of variations (variome), 7253 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), 18 717 full length transcripts and a set of population statistics. We have compiled publications on functional genomics research and genetic stock deciphering (mutant map). A range of bioinformatics tools is also provided for data visualization and retrieval. The large batch of omics data and tools were integrated in twelve functional modules that provide useful strategies and data for comparative and functional genomics research. The interactive bioinformatics platform SilkMeta will benefit not only the silkworm but also the insect biology communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunpeng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yifei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jianghong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chengyu Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shubo Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | | | - Linrong Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Tian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Tingcai Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Bi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Guoqing Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ningjia He
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Eric Westhof
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Architecture et Réactivité de l’ARN, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UPR9002 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67084, France
| | - Zhonghuai Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Min-Jin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaoling Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Fangyin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Wen F, Wang J, Shang D, Yan H, Yuan X, Wang Y, Xia Q, Wang G. Non-classical digestive lipase BmTGL selected by gene amplification reduces the effects of mulberry inhibitor during silkworm domestication. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 229:589-599. [PMID: 36587639 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Efficient utilization of dietary lipids is crucial for Bombyx mori, also known as domesticated silkworms. However, the effects of domestication on the genes encoding lipases remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the expression difference of one triacylglycerol lipase (BmTGL) between B.mori and wild (ancestor) silkworm strains (Bombyx mandarina). An immunofluorescence localization analysis showed that BmTGL was present in all parts of the gut and was released into the intestinal lumen. BmTGL expression was significantly enhanced in different domesticated silkworm strains compared to that in the B. mandarina strains. The BmTGL copy numbers in the genomes of the domesticated silkworm strains were 2-to-3 folds that of the B. mandarina strains and accounted for the enhanced expression of BmTGL in the domesticated silkworm strains. The Ser144Asn substitution in the Ser-Asp-His catalytic triads of BmTGL resulted in relatively lower lipase activity and reduced sensitivity to the lipase inhibitor morachalcone A. Moreover, BmTGL overexpression significantly increased the weights of the B. mori silkworms compared to those of the non-transgenic controls. Thus, the selection of BmTGL by gene amplification may be a trade-off between maintaining high enzymatic activity and reducing the effects of mulberry inhibitors during silkworm domestication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Deli Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xingli Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuanqiang Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Qingyou Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Genhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Tomihara K, Andolfatto P, Kiuchi T. Allele-specific knockouts reveal a role for apontic-like in the evolutionary loss of larval melanin pigmentation in the domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 31:701-710. [PMID: 35752945 PMCID: PMC9633403 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori, and its wild progenitor, B. mandarina, are extensively studied as a model case of the evolutionary process of domestication. A conspicuous difference between these species is the dramatic reduction in melanin pigmentation in both larval and adult B. mori. Here we evaluate the efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9-targeted knockouts of pigment-related genes as a tool to understand their potential contributions to domestication-associated melanin pigmentation loss in B. mori. To demonstrate the efficacy of targeted knockouts in B. mandarina, we generated a homozygous CRISPR/Cas9-targeted knockout of yellow-y. In yellow-y knockout mutants, black body colour became lighter throughout the larval, pupal and adult stages, confirming a role for this gene in melanin pigment formation. Further, we performed allele-specific CRISPR/Cas9-targeted knockouts of the pigment-related transcription factor, apontic-like (apt-like) in B. mori × B. mandarina F1 hybrid individuals which exhibit B. mandarina-like larval pigmentation. Knockout of the B. mandarina allele of apt-like in F1 embryos results in white patches on the dorsal integument of larvae, whereas corresponding knockouts of the B. mori allele consistently exhibit normal F1 larval pigmentation. These results demonstrate a contribution of apt-like to the evolution of reduced melanin pigmentation in B. mori. Together, our results demonstrate the feasibility of CRISPR/Cas9-targeted knockouts as a tool for understanding the genetic basis of traits associated with B. mori domestication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Tomihara
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Peter Andolfatto
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10026, USA
| | - Takashi Kiuchi
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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Yan J, Xue Z, Dong H, Pang J, Liu H, Gong J, Xia Q, Hou Y. Nutrition regulates the expression of storage proteins in Bombyx mori via insulin-like/FoxO signaling pathway. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 149:103847. [PMID: 36155801 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2022.103847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Insect serum proteins, also termed storage proteins (SPs), are hexamer proteins that form amino acid reservoirs important for the development of pupae and embryos in most insects. In this study, we investigated the SP genes expression and regulation pathways in silkworms (Bombyx mori). We observed that B. mori SPs (BmSPs) in the fat body of larvae were strongly decreased by starvation, suggesting they respond to nutrition deprivation. Further, we examined the relationship between BmSP expression and the insulin-like signaling pathway (ILS) to study the regulation of BmSPs expression. The results showed that insulin up-regulated the expression of BmSPs, but an inhibitor of the ILS pathway protein PI3K downregulated the expression of BmSPs in B. mori larvae. Similar results were observed in cultured fat body in vitro and BmE cells. We then over-expressed FoxO, an ILS transcriptional factor, in BmE cells and B. mori larvae to further verify the regulatory role of ILS on expression of BmSPs and found BmFoxO negatively regulates the expression of BmSPs in both BmE cells and larvae. Moreover, BmFoxO was dephosphorylated and translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus under starvation treatment. Finally, an element on -2627-2644 bp upstream of the transcription start site of BmSP1 was identified as the binding site of BmFoxO by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and verified by chromatin immunoprecipitation. In summary, our results indicate that nutrient uptake triggers the expression of BmSPs via the ILS/FoxO signaling pathway. This study provides a reference for further study on the expression and regulation of insect SP genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhao Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Haonan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiaxin Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Huawei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jing Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qingyou Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Yong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
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Dai Z, Ren J, Tong X, Hu H, Lu K, Dai F, Han MJ. The Landscapes of Full-Length Transcripts and Splice Isoforms as Well as Transposons Exonization in the Lepidopteran Model System, Bombyx mori. Front Genet 2021; 12:704162. [PMID: 34594358 PMCID: PMC8476886 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.704162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori, is an important model system for the order Lepidoptera. Currently, based on third-generation sequencing, the chromosome-level genome of Bombyx mori has been released. However, its transcripts were mainly assembled by using short reads of second-generation sequencing and expressed sequence tags which cannot explain the transcript profile accurately. Here, we used PacBio Iso-Seq technology to investigate the transcripts from 45 developmental stages of Bombyx mori. We obtained 25,970 non-redundant high-quality consensus isoforms capturing ∼60% of previous reported RNAs, 15,431 (∼47%) novel transcripts, and identified 7,253 long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) with a large proportion of novel lncRNA (∼56%). In addition, we found that transposable elements (TEs) exonization account for 11,671 (∼45%) transcripts including 5,980 protein-coding transcripts (∼32%) and 5,691 lncRNAs (∼79%). Overall, our results expand the silkworm transcripts and have general implications to understand the interaction between TEs and their host genes. These transcripts resource will promote functional studies of genes and lncRNAs as well as TEs in the silkworm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongrui Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,WESTA College, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianyu Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoling Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kunpeng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangyin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min-Jin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Yang F, Zhang Z, Hu B, Yu Y, Tan A. A CCCH zinc finger gene regulates doublesex alternative splicing and male development in Bombyx mori. INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 28:1253-1261. [PMID: 33029871 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent identification of a Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA)-initiated sex determination cascade in the silkworm, Bombyx mori, provides novel insights into high diversity of insect sex determination pathways. In this system, the W-chromosome-derived Fem piRNA is the primary sex determination signal. A CCCH-type zinc finger gene Masculinizer (Masc), which is targeted by Fem piRNA-PIWI complex in female animals, is indispensable for male-specific splicing of B. mori doublesex (Bmdsx). Although many genes involved in this cascade have been identified, the regulatory mechanisms of silkworm sex determination remain to be elucidated. Here we show that another CCCH-type zinc finger gene, Bmznf-2, is a masculinization factor in B. mori. Bmznf-2 shows testis-abundant expression and loss of Bmznf-2 function via clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats / single-guide RNA-mediated mutagenesis results in feminized differentiation and appearance of the female-specific splicing variants of Bmdsx transcripts in males. In contrast, there is no phenotypic consequence in mutant females. In mutant males, relative messenger RNA expression levels of female-dominant genes such as vitellogenin and sex-specific storage protein 1 are significantly elevated while several male-dominant genes are significantly down-regulated. Furthermore, male mutants show delayed developmental timing, smaller body sizes of larvae and malformation of moth wings. Our data thus reveal that Bmznf-2 plays an indispensable role in silkworm male sexual differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhongjie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ye Yu
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Anjiang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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8
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Andoh V, Guan H, Ma L, Zhao W, Li L, Wu G. Evaluation of biological effects of three neodymium compounds on silkworm, Bombyx mori. J RARE EARTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2020.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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9
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Zarske M, Zagon J, Schmolke S, Seidler T, Braeuning A. Detection of silkworm (Bombyx mori) and Lepidoptera DNA in feeding stuff by real-time PCR. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Lv J, Li S, Liu Y, Sun Z, Wang D, You Z, Jiang C, Sheng Q, Nie Z. The acetylation modification regulates the stability of Bm30K-15 protein and its mechanism in silkworm, Bombyx mori. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 107:e21823. [PMID: 34075635 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The 30 K proteins are the major silkworm hemolymph proteins and are involved in a variety of physiological processes, such as nutrient and energy storage, embryogenesis, immune response, and inhibition of apoptosis. The Bm30K-15 protein is one of the 30 K proteins and is abundant in the hemolymph of fifth instar silkworm larva. We previously found that the Bm30K-15 protein can be acetylated. In the present study, we found that acetylation can improve the protein stability of Bm30K-15. Further exploration confirmed that the increase in protein stability by acetylation was caused by competition between acetylation and ubiquitination. In summary, these findings aim to provide insight into the effect of acetylation modification on the protein level and stability of the Bm30K-15 and the possible molecular mechanism of its existence in silkworm, Bombyx mori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Lv
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shouliang Li
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Zhejiang Institute of Economics and Trade, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zihan Sun
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengying You
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caiying Jiang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Sheng
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zuoming Nie
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
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Wang M, Lin Y, Zhou S, Cui Y, Feng Q, Yan W, Xiang H. Genetic Mapping of Climbing and Mimicry: Two Behavioral Traits Degraded During Silkworm Domestication. Front Genet 2020; 11:566961. [PMID: 33391338 PMCID: PMC7773896 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.566961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral changes caused by domestication in animals are an important issue in evolutionary biology. The silkworm, Bombyx mori, is an ideal fully domesticated insect model for studying both convergent domestication and behavior evolution. We explored the genetic basis of climbing for foraging and mimicry, two degraded behaviors during silkworm domestication, in combination of bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and selection sweep screening. One candidate gene, ASNA1, located in the 3-5 Mb on chromosome 19, harboring a specific non-synonymous mutation in domestic silkworm, might be involved in climbing ability. This mutation was under positive selection in Lepidoptera, strongly suggesting its potential function in silkworm domestication. Nine candidate domesticated genes related to mimicry were identified on chromosomes 13, 21, and 27. Most of the candidate domesticated genes were generally expressed at higher levels in the brain of the wild silkworm. This study provides valuable information for deciphering the molecular basis of behavioral changes associated with silkworm domestication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongjian Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyi Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qili Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Cui Y, Ren YD, Lyu M, Zheng SC, Feng QL, Xiang H. Genomic divergences between the two polyphagous Spodoptera relatives provide cues for successful invasion of the fall armyworm. INSECT SCIENCE 2020; 27:1257-1265. [PMID: 31762161 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda recently invaded China, ravaging crops in many provinces. Deciphering the possible genetic basics for its successful invasion is critical for innovative and specific control for this gluttonous pest. Here we generated comparative genomic analyses between S. frugiperda and its native relative, S. litura, which differs in host preference, locomotivity and production behavior. We demonstrated that S. frugiperda genes are enriched in taste sensory perception and nervous system, obviously different from those of S. litura. Potential host adaptation genes showed generally an elevated ratio of non-synonymous substitution rate to synonymous substitution rate, suggesting a faster evolution during the divergence of the two species. Focusing on these sets of genes, we identified 23 genes being under positive selection in S. frugiperda. Among them are two notable genes involved in sensory perception, gustatory receptor (GR) and an acetaldehyde oxidase, which are important for host detection in invasion and expansion processes. Another two genes are mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate synthase β subunit and ferritin heavy chain, which may be associated with the enhanced locomotivity and resistance, which fascinated long-distance migration needed for invasion and rapid expansion. Another interesting gene is chorion protein, in which positive selection sites in S. frugiperda were found and a replacement in one site is predicted to affect the protein function, which might be associated with competent reproductivity in S. frugiperda to ensure genetic resources for expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Dong Ren
- Center for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mo Lyu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Chun Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Li Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Yan H, Liu Q, Wen F, Bai B, Wen Y, Chen W, Lu W, Lin Y, Xia Q, Wang G. Characterization and potential application of an α-amylase (BmAmy1) selected during silkworm domestication. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 167:1102-1112. [PMID: 33188814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Efficient resource utilization plays a central role in the high productivity of domesticated plants and animals. Whether artificial selection acts on digestive enzymes in the domesticated silkworm (Bombyx mori), which is larger than its wild ancestor, Bombyx mandarina (B. mandarina), remains unknown. In this study, we present the characteristics of a novel alpha-amylase, BmAmy1, in B. mori. The activity of recombinant BmAmy1 was maximal at 35 °C and pH 9.0, and could be suppressed by amylase inhibitors from mulberry, the exclusive food source of silkworms. Three different transposable element fragments, which were independently inserted in the 5'-upstream regulatory region, might be responsible for the enhanced expression of BmAmy1 in different domesticated silkworm strains as revealed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. The BmAmy1 overexpression increased the weight of female and male B. mori by 11.9% and 6.8%, respectively, compared with non-transgenic controls. Our results emphasize that, by exploring the genetic mechanisms of human-selected traits, the domestication process could be further accelerated through genetic engineering and targeted breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Qingsong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Feng Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Bingchuan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yuchan Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Wenwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Wei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Ying Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Qingyou Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Genhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
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