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Orimo K, Mitsui J, Matsukawa T, Tanaka M, Nomoto J, Ishiura H, Omae Y, Kawai Y, Tokunaga K, Toda T, Tsuji S. Association study of GBA1 variants with MSA based on comprehensive sequence analysis -Pitfalls in short-read sequence analysis depending on the human reference genome. J Hum Genet 2024:10.1038/s10038-024-01266-1. [PMID: 39020124 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-024-01266-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by various combinations of autonomic failure, parkinsonism, and cerebellar ataxia. To elucidate variants associated with MSA, we have been conducting short-read-based whole-genome sequence analysis. In the process of the association studies, we initially focused on GBA1, a previously proposed susceptibility gene for MSA, to evaluate whether GBA1 variants can be efficiently identified despite its extraordinarily high homology with its pseudogene, GBA1LP. To accomplish this, we conducted a short-read whole-genome sequence analysis with alignment to GRCh38 as well as Sanger sequence analysis and compared the results. We identified five variants with inconsistencies between the two pipelines, of which three variants (p.L483P, p.A495P-p.V499V, p.L483_M489delinsW) were the results of misalignment due to minor alleles in GBA1P1 registered in GRCh38. The miscalling events in these variants were resolved by alignment to GRCh37 as the reference genome, where the major alleles are registered. In addition, a structural variant was not properly identified either by short-read or by Sanger sequence analyses. Having accomplished correct variant calling, we identified three variants pathogenic for Gaucher disease (p.S310G, p.L483P, and p.L483_M489delinsW). Of these variants, the allele frequency of p.L483P (0.003) in the MSA cases was higher than that (0.0011) in controls. The meta-analysis incorporating a previous report demonstrated a significant association of p.L483P with MSA with an odds ratio of 2.92 (95% CI; 1.08 - 7.90, p = 0.0353).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Orimo
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Jun Mitsui
- Department of Precision Medicine Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsukawa
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Masaki Tanaka
- Institute of Medical Genomics, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3, Kozunomori, Narita-shi, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan
| | - Junko Nomoto
- Institute of Medical Genomics, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3, Kozunomori, Narita-shi, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ishiura
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yosuke Omae
- Genome Medical Science Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kawai
- Genome Medical Science Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Katsushi Tokunaga
- Genome Medical Science Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Toda
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shoji Tsuji
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
- Institute of Medical Genomics, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3, Kozunomori, Narita-shi, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan.
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Naruse H, Iseki C, Mitsui J, Miki J, Nagasawa H, Kurokawa K, Kobayashi R, Sato H, Goto J, Satake W, Ishiura H, Tsuji S, Ohta Y, Toda T. A novel TBK1 loss-of-function variant associated with ALS and parkinsonism phenotypes. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2024:1-4. [PMID: 38963079 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2024.2374374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Loss-of-function (LoF) variants in the TANK binding kinase 1 (TBK1) gene are implicated in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia. In this study, we present the first familial cases of ALS and parkinsonism associated with a novel TBK1 variant. We describe two siblings: one diagnosed with classical ALS and the other with a unique syndrome overlapping ALS and parkinsonism. Comprehensive clinical and imaging evaluations supported these diagnoses. Genetic analysis through whole-genome sequencing revealed a previously unknown heterozygous splice site variant in TBK1. Functional assessments demonstrated that this splice site variant leads to abnormal splicing and subsequent degradation of the mutated TBK1 allele by nonsense-mediated decay, confirming its pathogenic impact. Our findings suggest a broader involvement of TBK1 in neurodegenerative diseases and underscore the need for further research into TBK1's role, advocating for screening for TBK1 variants in similar familial cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroya Naruse
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Precision Medicine Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chifumi Iseki
- Department of Neurology, Hematology, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
- Department of Behavioral Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Jun Mitsui
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Precision Medicine Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hikaru Nagasawa
- Department of Neurology, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Katsuro Kurokawa
- Department of Neurology, Yamagata National Hospital, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Ryota Kobayashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Sato
- Department of Neurology, Hematology, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Jun Goto
- Department of Neurology, International University of Health and Welfare Ichikawa Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Wataru Satake
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ishiura
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan, and
| | - Shoji Tsuji
- Institute of Medical Genomics, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ohta
- Department of Neurology, Hematology, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Toda
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Kasai F, Fukushima M, Miyagi Y, Nakamura Y. Genetic diversity among the present Japanese population: evidence from genotyping of human cell lines established in Japan. Hum Cell 2024; 37:944-950. [PMID: 38639832 PMCID: PMC11194210 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01055-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Japan is often assumed to have a highly homogeneous ethnic population, because it is an island country. This is evident in human cell lines collected from cell banks; however, these genotypes have not been thoroughly characterized. To examine the population genotypes of human cell lines established in Japan, we conducted SNP genotyping on 57 noncancerous cell lines and 43 lung cancer cell lines. Analysis of biogeographic ancestry revealed that 58 cell lines had non-admixed Japanese genotypes, 21 cell lines had an admixture of Japanese and East Asian genotypes, and the remaining 21 cell lines had East Asian genotypes. The proportion of non-admixed Japanese genotypes was similar between lung cancer and noncancerous cell lines, suggesting that patients in Japan may not exclusively have Japanese genotypes. This could influence the incidence of inherited diseases and should be taken into account in personalized medicine tailored to genetic background. The genetic makeup of the present-day Japanese population cannot be fully explained by the ancestral Jomon and Yayoi lineages. Instead, it is necessary to consider a certain level of genetic admixture between Japanese and neighboring Asian populations. Our study revealed genetic variation among human cell lines derived from Japanese individuals, reflecting the diversity present within the Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumio Kasai
- Cell Engineering Division, BioResource Research Center, RIKEN Cell Bank, Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Makoto Fukushima
- Cell Engineering Division, BioResource Research Center, RIKEN Cell Bank, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yohei Miyagi
- Molecular Pathology and Genetics Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yukio Nakamura
- Cell Engineering Division, BioResource Research Center, RIKEN Cell Bank, Tsukuba, Japan
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4
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Narumi S, Nagasaki K, Kiriya M, Uehara E, Akiba K, Tanase-Nakao K, Shimura K, Abe K, Sugisawa C, Ishii T, Miyako K, Hasegawa Y, Maruo Y, Muroya K, Watanabe N, Nishihara E, Ito Y, Kogai T, Kameyama K, Nakabayashi K, Hata K, Fukami M, Shima H, Kikuchi A, Takayama J, Tamiya G, Hasegawa T. Functional variants in a TTTG microsatellite on 15q26.1 cause familial nonautoimmune thyroid abnormalities. Nat Genet 2024; 56:869-876. [PMID: 38714868 PMCID: PMC11096107 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-024-01735-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Insufficient thyroid hormone production in newborns is referred to as congenital hypothyroidism. Multinodular goiter (MNG), characterized by an enlarged thyroid gland with multiple nodules, is usually seen in adults and is recognized as a separate disorder from congenital hypothyroidism. Here we performed a linkage analysis of a family with both nongoitrous congenital hypothyroidism and MNG and identified a signal at 15q26.1. Follow-up analyses with whole-genome sequencing and genetic screening in congenital hypothyroidism and MNG cohorts showed that changes in a noncoding TTTG microsatellite on 15q26.1 were frequently observed in congenital hypothyroidism (137 in 989) and MNG (3 in 33) compared with controls (3 in 38,722). Characterization of the noncoding variants with epigenomic data and in vitro experiments suggested that the microsatellite is located in a thyroid-specific transcriptional repressor, and its activity is disrupted by the variants. Collectively, we presented genetic evidence linking nongoitrous congenital hypothyroidism and MNG, providing unique insights into thyroid abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Narumi
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Nagasaki
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Homeostatic Regulation and Development, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Kiriya
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medical Technology, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Erika Uehara
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Akiba
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kanako Tanase-Nakao
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Shimura
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Abe
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chiho Sugisawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ito Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ishii
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Miyako
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Hasegawa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Maruo
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Koji Muroya
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Eijun Nishihara
- Center for Excellence in Thyroid Care, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuka Ito
- Department of Genetic Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Japan
| | - Takahiko Kogai
- Department of Genetic Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Japan
| | - Kaori Kameyama
- Department of Pathology, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakabayashi
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Hata
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Maki Fukami
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohito Shima
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsuo Kikuchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Jun Takayama
- Department of AI and Innovative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization (ToMMo) Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Statistical Genetics Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gen Tamiya
- Department of AI and Innovative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization (ToMMo) Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Statistical Genetics Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Hasegawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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5
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Liu X, Koyama S, Tomizuka K, Takata S, Ishikawa Y, Ito S, Kosugi S, Suzuki K, Hikino K, Koido M, Koike Y, Horikoshi M, Gakuhari T, Ikegawa S, Matsuda K, Momozawa Y, Ito K, Kamatani Y, Terao C. Decoding triancestral origins, archaic introgression, and natural selection in the Japanese population by whole-genome sequencing. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadi8419. [PMID: 38630824 PMCID: PMC11023554 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi8419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
We generated Japanese Encyclopedia of Whole-Genome/Exome Sequencing Library (JEWEL), a high-depth whole-genome sequencing dataset comprising 3256 individuals from across Japan. Analysis of JEWEL revealed genetic characteristics of the Japanese population that were not discernible using microarray data. First, rare variant-based analysis revealed an unprecedented fine-scale genetic structure. Together with population genetics analysis, the present-day Japanese can be decomposed into three ancestral components. Second, we identified unreported loss-of-function (LoF) variants and observed that for specific genes, LoF variants appeared to be restricted to a more limited set of transcripts than would be expected by chance, with PTPRD as a notable example. Third, we identified 44 archaic segments linked to complex traits, including a Denisovan-derived segment at NKX6-1 associated with type 2 diabetes. Most of these segments are specific to East Asians. Fourth, we identified candidate genetic loci under recent natural selection. Overall, our work provided insights into genetic characteristics of the Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Liu
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Clinical Research Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Koyama
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genomics and Informatics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Medical and Population Genetics and Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kohei Tomizuka
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Sadaaki Takata
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuki Ishikawa
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shuji Ito
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
| | - Shunichi Kosugi
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Suzuki
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Keiko Hikino
- Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masaru Koido
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory of Complex Trait Genomics, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Koike
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Momoko Horikoshi
- Laboratory for Genomics of Diabetes and Metabolism, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takashi Gakuhari
- Institute for the Study of Ancient Civilizations and Cultural Resources, College of Human and Social Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shiro Ikegawa
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kochi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Genome Technology, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Clinical Genome Sequencing, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kaoru Ito
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genomics and Informatics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory of Complex Trait Genomics, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chikashi Terao
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Clinical Research Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
- The Department of Applied Genetics, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
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6
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Kaburagi K, Hagiwara Y, Tachikawa K, Miyake N, Akiyama H, Kawai Y, Omae Y, Tokunaga K, Yamano Y, Shimizu T, Mitsuhashi S. A novel NODAL variant in a young embolic stroke patient with visceral heterotaxy. BMC Neurol 2024; 24:119. [PMID: 38605286 PMCID: PMC11007883 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-024-03619-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke in young adults can be caused by a variety of etiologies including the monogenic disorders. Visceral heterotaxy is a condition caused by abnormal left-right determinations during embryonic development. We aimed to determine the cause of a young ischemic stroke patient with visceral heterotaxy. CASE PRESENTATION We performed neurological, radiological, and genetic evaluations in a 17-year-old male patient presenting ischemic stroke and visceral heterotaxy to determine the underlying cause of this rare disease combination. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed evidence of embolic stroke, abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed visceral heterotaxy, and echocardiogram showed cardiac anomaly with right-to-left-shunt (RLS). Whole genome sequencing (WGS) revealed a heterozygous missense variant (NM_018055.5: c.1016 T > C, p.(Met339Val)) in the NODAL gene, which is essential to the determination of the left-right body axis. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the importance of evaluating genetic etiology in young ischemic stroke and the need for stroke risk management in visceral heterotaxy patients with RLS. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first genetically-confirmed case of visceral heterotaxy with young embolic stroke reported to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Kaburagi
- Department of Neurology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 2168511, Japan
| | - Yuta Hagiwara
- Department of Neurology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 2168511, Japan
| | - Keiji Tachikawa
- Department of Neurology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 2168511, Japan
| | - Noriko Miyake
- Department of Human Genetics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisanao Akiyama
- Department of Neurology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 2168511, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kawai
- Genome Medical Science Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Omae
- Genome Medical Science Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsushi Tokunaga
- Genome Medical Science Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Yamano
- Department of Neurology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 2168511, Japan
- Department of Rare Diseases Research, Institute of Medical Science, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shimizu
- Department of Neurology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 2168511, Japan.
| | - Satomi Mitsuhashi
- Department of Neurology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 2168511, Japan.
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7
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Nakamura W, Hirata M, Oda S, Chiba K, Okada A, Mateos RN, Sugawa M, Iida N, Ushiama M, Tanabe N, Sakamoto H, Sekine S, Hirasawa A, Kawai Y, Tokunaga K, Tsujimoto SI, Shiba N, Ito S, Yoshida T, Shiraishi Y. Assessing the efficacy of target adaptive sampling long-read sequencing through hereditary cancer patient genomes. NPJ Genom Med 2024; 9:11. [PMID: 38368425 PMCID: PMC10874402 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-024-00394-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Innovations in sequencing technology have led to the discovery of novel mutations that cause inherited diseases. However, many patients with suspected genetic diseases remain undiagnosed. Long-read sequencing technologies are expected to significantly improve the diagnostic rate by overcoming the limitations of short-read sequencing. In addition, Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) offers adaptive sampling and computationally driven target enrichment technology. This enables more affordable intensive analysis of target gene regions compared to standard non-selective long-read sequencing. In this study, we developed an efficient computational workflow for target adaptive sampling long-read sequencing (TAS-LRS) and evaluated it through application to 33 genomes collected from suspected hereditary cancer patients. Our workflow can identify single nucleotide variants with nearly the same accuracy as the short-read platform and elucidate complex forms of structural variations. We also newly identified several SINE-R/VNTR/Alu (SVA) elements affecting the APC gene in two patients with familial adenomatous polyposis, as well as their sites of origin. In addition, we demonstrated that off-target reads from adaptive sampling, which is typically discarded, can be effectively used to accurately genotype common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the entire genome, enabling the calculation of a polygenic risk score. Furthermore, we identified allele-specific MLH1 promoter hypermethylation in a Lynch syndrome patient. In summary, our workflow with TAS-LRS can simultaneously capture monogenic risk variants including complex structural variations, polygenic background as well as epigenetic alterations, and will be an efficient platform for genetic disease research and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Nakamura
- Division of Genome Analysis Platform Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama City University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Makoto Hirata
- Division of Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pathology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoyo Oda
- Division of Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Chiba
- Division of Genome Analysis Platform Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ai Okada
- Division of Genome Analysis Platform Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Raúl Nicolás Mateos
- Division of Genome Analysis Platform Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sugawa
- Division of Genome Analysis Platform Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Iida
- Division of Genome Analysis Platform Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mineko Ushiama
- Division of Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Tanabe
- Division of Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Sakamoto
- Division of Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Sekine
- Division of Molecular Pathology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Hirasawa
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kawai
- Genome Medical Science Project, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsushi Tokunaga
- Genome Medical Science Project, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Central Biobank, National Center Biobank Network, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Tsujimoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama City University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Norio Shiba
- Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama City University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shuichi Ito
- Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama City University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Yoshida
- Division of Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Shiraishi
- Division of Genome Analysis Platform Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
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