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Pettersson-Pablo P, Nilsson TK, Hurtig-Wennlöf A. Relative handgrip strength correlates inversely with increased body fat, inflammatory markers and increased serum lipids in young, healthy adults - The LBA study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2024; 207:111057. [PMID: 38104901 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.111057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Handgrip strength (HGS) is a surrogate marker of whole body strength that has been observed to correlate inversely with the metabolic syndrome (MetS). In this study, we examined whether HGS in young, healthy individuals, was associated with surrogate endpoints of the MetS. A secondary goal was to examine whether absolute HGS (absHGS) or relative HGS (relHGS) was a stronger predictor of MetS. METHOD 834 subjects (577 women), aged 18-26, were recruited. Surrogate endpoints for MetS were waist circumference, HDL, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, triglycerides, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP). We also examined the association between HGS and body fat percentage, HOMA-IR, CRP, orosomucoid and apolipoprotein A-1 and apolipoprotein B. The associations were examined using multivariable linear regression. RESULTS AbsHGS and relHGS were each associated with several surrogate endpoints of the metabolic syndrome, with RelHGS being statistically significantly associated with a greater number of the variables - all except fasting glucose and diastolic BP. CONCLUSION RelHGS correlates with components of the MetS even in young, healthy populations. It is a better predictor of MetS components than absHGS. As a cheap and easy to use biomarker, relHGS holds merit as a screening tool for metabolic dysfunction even in preclinical contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Pettersson-Pablo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden; School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden; Department of Medical Biosciences/Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Torbjörn K Nilsson
- Department of Medical Biosciences/Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anita Hurtig-Wennlöf
- The Biomedical Platform, Department of Natural Science and Biomedicine, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
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Chen K, Gao P, Fang X, Tang K, Ouyang P, Li Z, Li L, Deng Z. Causal relationship between lipid profile and muscle atrophy: A bi-directional Mendelian randomization study. Animal Model Exp Med 2023. [PMID: 38155504 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to analyze the bi-directional causal relationship between lipid profile and characteristics related to muscle atrophy by using a bi-directional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. METHODS The appendicular lean mass (ALM), whole body fat-free mass (WBFFM) and trunk fat-free mass (TFFM) were used as genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for evaluating muscle mass; the usual walking pace (UWP) and low grip strength (LGS) were used as GWAS data for evaluating muscle strength; and the triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), apolipoprotein A-1 (Apo A-1), and apolipoprotein B (Apo B) were used as GWAS data for evaluating lipid profile. For specific investigations, we mainly employed inverse variance weighting for causal estimation and MR-Egger for pleiotropy analysis. RESULTS MR results showed that the lipid profile predicted by genetic variants was negatively correlated with muscle mass, positively correlated with UWP, and was not causally correlated with LGS. On the other hand, the muscle mass predicted by genetic variants was negatively correlated with lipid profile, the UWP predicted by genetic variants was mainly positively correlated with lipid profile, while the LGS predicted by genetic variants had no relevant causal relationship with lipid profile. CONCLUSIONS Findings of this MR analysis suggest that hyperlipidemia may affect muscle mass and lead to muscle atrophy, but has no significant effect on muscle strength. On the other hand, increased muscle mass may reduce the incidence of dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Fang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kexing Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pan Ouyang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zongchao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liangjun Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenhan Deng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Chen Y, Lin W, Fu L, Liu H, Jin S, Ye X, Pu S, Xue Y. Muscle quality index and cardiovascular disease among US population-findings from NHANES 2011-2014. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2388. [PMID: 38041010 PMCID: PMC10691039 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17303-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. However, current evidence on the association between muscle quality and CVD is limited. This study investigates the potential association between the muscle quality index (MQI) and the prevalence of CVD and CVD-related mortality. METHODS Participants were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. Data on mortality and causes of death were obtained from the National Death Index (NDI) records through December 31, 2019. Statistical analysis used in this study, including weighted multivariable linear and logistic regression, cox regression and Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis, to estimate the association between MQI and all-cause mortality as well as CVD mortality. In addition, subgroup analysis was used to estimate the association between MQI and CVD subtypes, such as heart attack, coronary heart disease, angina, congestive heart failure, and stroke. RESULTS A total of 5,053 participants were included in the final analysis. Weighted multivariable linear regression models revealed that a lower MQI.total level was independently associated with an increased risk of CVD development in model 3, with t value =-3.48, 95%CI: (-0.24, -0.06), P = 0.002. During 5,053 person-years of 6.92 years of follow-up, there were 29 deaths from CVD. Still, the association between MQI.total and CVD mortality, as well as all-cause mortality did not reach statistical significance in the fully adjusted model (HR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.21-1.62, P = 0.30; HR = 0.91, 95% CI:0.65,1.28, P = 0.59, respectively). Subgroup analysis confirmed that MQI.total was negatively associated with congestive heart failure (OR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.18,0.68, P = 0.01). CONCLUSION This study highlights the potential of MQI as a measure of muscle quality, its negative correlation with congestive heart failure (CHF). However, MQI was not very useful for predicting the health outcomes such as CVD and mortality. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the early recognition of muscle weakness progression in CHF. Further studies are needed to explore more effective indicator to evaluate the association between muscle quality and health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Chen
- Department of Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Weidong Lin
- Department of Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lu Fu
- Department of Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Huiyi Liu
- Department of Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shuyu Jin
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xingdong Ye
- Department of Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Sijia Pu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yumei Xue
- Department of Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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O'Neill KN, Bell JA, Davey Smith G, Tilling K, Kearney PM, O'Keeffe LM. Puberty Timing and Sex-Specific Trajectories of Systolic Blood Pressure: a Prospective Cohort Study. Hypertension 2022; 79:1755-1764. [PMID: 35587023 PMCID: PMC9278704 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.18531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex differences in systolic blood pressure (SBP) emerge during adolescence but the role of puberty is not well understood. We examined sex-specific changes in SBP preceding and following puberty and examined the impact of puberty timing on SBP trajectories in females and males. METHODS Trajectories of SBP before and after puberty and by timing of puberty in females and males in a contemporary birth cohort study were analyzed. Repeated measures of height from age 5 to 20 years were used to identify puberty timing (age at peak height velocity). SBP was measured on ten occasions from 3 to 24 years (N participants, 4062; repeated SBP measures, 29 172). Analyses were performed using linear spline multilevel models based on time before and after puberty and were adjusted for parental factors and early childhood factors. RESULTS Mean age at peak height velocity was 11.7 years (SD, 0.8) for females and 13.6 years (SD, 0.9) for males. Males had faster rates of increase in SBP before puberty leading to 10.19 mm Hg (95% CI, 6.80-13.57) higher mean SBP at puberty which remained similar at 24 years (mean difference, 11.43 mm Hg [95% CI, 7.22-15.63]). Puberty timing was associated with small transient differences in SBP trajectories postpuberty in both sexes and small differences at 24 years in females only. CONCLUSIONS A large proportion of the higher SBP observed in males compared with females in early adulthood is accrued before puberty. Interventions targeting puberty timing are unlikely to influence SBP in early adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate N O'Neill
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Ireland (K.N.O.N., P.M.K., L.M.O.K.)
| | - Joshua A Bell
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (J.A.B., G.D.S., K.T., L.M.O.K.).,Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (J.A.B., G.D.S., K.T., L.M.O.K.)
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (J.A.B., G.D.S., K.T., L.M.O.K.).,Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (J.A.B., G.D.S., K.T., L.M.O.K.)
| | - Kate Tilling
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (J.A.B., G.D.S., K.T., L.M.O.K.).,Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (J.A.B., G.D.S., K.T., L.M.O.K.)
| | - Patricia M Kearney
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Ireland (K.N.O.N., P.M.K., L.M.O.K.)
| | - Linda M O'Keeffe
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Ireland (K.N.O.N., P.M.K., L.M.O.K.).,MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (J.A.B., G.D.S., K.T., L.M.O.K.).,Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (J.A.B., G.D.S., K.T., L.M.O.K.)
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O’Keeffe LM, Bell JA, O’Neill KN, Lee MA, Woodward M, Peters SAE, Smith GD, Kearney PM. Sex-specific associations of adiposity with cardiometabolic traits in the UK: A multi-life stage cohort study with repeat metabolomics. PLoS Med 2022; 19:e1003636. [PMID: 34990449 PMCID: PMC8735621 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex differences in cardiometabolic disease risk are commonly observed across the life course but are poorly understood and may be due to different associations of adiposity with cardiometabolic risk in females and males. We examined whether adiposity is differently associated with cardiometabolic trait levels in females and males at 3 different life stages. METHODS AND FINDINGS Data were from 2 generations (offspring, Generation 1 [G1] born in 1991/1992 and their parents, Generation 0 [G0]) of a United Kingdom population-based birth cohort study, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Follow-up continues on the cohort; data up to 25 y after recruitment to the study are included in this analysis. Body mass index (BMI) and total fat mass from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were measured at mean age 9 y, 15 y, and 18 y in G1. Waist circumference was measured at 9 y and 15 y in G1. Concentrations of 148 cardiometabolic traits quantified using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were measured at 15 y, 18 y, and 25 y in G1. In G0, all 3 adiposity measures and the same 148 traits were available at 50 y. Using linear regression models, sex-specific associations of adiposity measures at each time point (9 y, 15 y, and 18 y) with cardiometabolic traits 3 to 6 y later were examined in G1. In G0, sex-specific associations of adiposity measures and cardiometabolic traits were examined cross-sectionally at 50 y. A total of 3,081 G1 and 4,887 G0 participants contributed to analyses. BMI was more strongly associated with key atherogenic traits in males compared with females at younger ages (15 y to 25 y), and associations were more similar between the sexes or stronger in females at 50 y, particularly for apolipoprotein B-containing lipoprotein particles and lipid concentrations. For example, a 1 standard deviation (SD) (3.8 kg/m2) higher BMI at 18 y was associated with 0.36 SD (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.20, 0.52) higher concentrations of extremely large very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles at 25 y in males compared with 0.15 SD (95% CI = 0.09, 0.21) in females, P value for sex difference = 0.02. By contrast, at 50 y, a 1 SD (4.8 kg/m2) higher BMI was associated with 0.33 SD (95% CI = 0.25, 0.42) and 0.30 SD (95% CI = 0.26, 0.33) higher concentrations of extremely large VLDL particles in males and females, respectively, P value for sex difference = 0.42. Sex-specific associations of DXA-measured fat mass and waist circumference with cardiometabolic traits were similar to findings for BMI and cardiometabolic traits at each age. The main limitation of this work is its observational nature, and replication in independent cohorts using methods that can infer causality is required. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that associations of adiposity with adverse cardiometabolic risk begin earlier in the life course among males compared with females and are stronger until midlife, particularly for key atherogenic lipids. Adolescent and young adult males may therefore be high priority targets for obesity prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda M. O’Keeffe
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Joshua A. Bell
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Kate N. O’Neill
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Matthew A. Lee
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Woodward
- The George Institute for Global Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sanne A. E. Peters
- The George Institute for Global Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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