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Nguyen TTB, Bui DT, Losson B, Dahma H, Nguyen ATT, Nhu HV, Do DT, Dorny P, Vandenberg O, Dermauw V. Effectiveness of health education in improving knowledge, attitude and practice related to foodborne zoonotic trematodes in Vietnam, with a particular focus on Clonorchis sinensis. Trop Med Int Health 2024; 29:280-291. [PMID: 38351498 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Foodborne zoonotic trematodes (FZT), which infect the liver, lungs and intestines of humans, are an emerging public health concern in tropical countries including Vietnam. In northern Vietnam, Clonorchis sinensis is recognised as the most important species of the FZT. Up to now, small-scale studies conducted in the country have indicated that health education could improve participants' knowledge and practices related to clonorchiasis, however strong evidence is still lacking. We conducted an intervention trial between 2020 and 2021 in four communes in Yen Bai and Thanh Hoa province, aiming to evaluate the impact of an extended educational package on knowledge, attitude and practices related to clonorchiasis, as well as on knowledge on the large liver fluke and minute intestinal flukes. METHODS To this end, baseline and post-intervention questionnaires were conducted. Generalised estimating equations models were run to analyse the impact of the intervention on knowledge, attitudes and practices over time in the intervention versus control group. Finally, 172 people in the intervention group and 162 in the control group were included for analysis. RESULTS Results demonstrated that the intervention significantly improved clonorchiasis knowledge, attitudes and practices, with higher odds for a correct knowledge response (odds ratio (OR) = 2.80, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.84-4.27, p-value < 0.001), increased average mean attitude score (mean = 0.363, 95%CI = 0.182-0.544, p-value < 0.001), and a reduced odds of consuming raw fish (OR = 0.15, 95%CI = 0.06-0.40, p = 0.002) in the intervention group compared to the control group post-intervention versus baseline. Additionally, participants in the intervention group exhibited enhanced basic knowledge of the large liver fluke and minute intestinal flukes post-intervention. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate the potential of health education programs in preventing clonorchiasis in endemic areas, emphasising the importance of continued health education as a critical component of integrated control programs for clonorchiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao Thi Bich Nguyen
- Center for Environmental Health and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Environmental and Occupational Health, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Research and Technology Innovation Unit, LHUB - ULB, Groupement Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles (GHUB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dung Thi Bui
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Bertrand Losson
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Center for Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium
| | - Hafid Dahma
- Department of Microbiology, LHUB - ULB, Groupement Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles (GHUB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anh Thi Tuyet Nguyen
- Department of International Medical Quarantine, Quangnam Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quang Nam, Vietnam
| | - Hung Van Nhu
- Vietnam Administration of HIV/AIDS Control, Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dung Trung Do
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pierre Dorny
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Olivier Vandenberg
- Center for Environmental Health and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Research and Technology Innovation Unit, LHUB - ULB, Groupement Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles (GHUB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Veronique Dermauw
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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2
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Nguyen HM, Do DT, Greiman SE, Nguyen HV, Hoang HV, Phan TQ, Pham-Duc P, Madsen H. An overview of human helminthioses in Vietnam: Their prevention, control and lessons learnt. Acta Trop 2023; 238:106753. [PMID: 36375522 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In Vietnam, helminthioses remain a major threat to public health and contribute to the maintenance of poverty in highly endemic regions. Through increased awareness of the damaging effects caused by helminthioses, the Vietnamese government has implemented many national programs over the past 30 years for the prevention and control of the most important helminthioses, such as, lymphatic filariasis, soil transmitted helminths, food borne zoonotic helminths, and others. Various control strategies have been applied to reduce or eliminate these worms, e.g. mass drug administration, economic development, control of vectors or intermediate hosts, public health interventions through education, proper composting procedures for excreta potentially containing helminth eggs, and the expansion of food supply chains and improved technologies for the production and inspection of food products. These control measures have resulted in a significant reduction in the distribution and transmission of helminth infections and have improved the overall living conditions and health outcomes of the Vietnamese citizens. However, the persistence of several helminth diseases continues in some endemic areas, especially where poverty is widespread and local traditions include the consumption of raw foods, especially fish and meats. This manuscript provides an overview of the helminth infection prevention and control programs conducted in Vietnam, their achieved results, learned lessons, and future works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Manh Nguyen
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Dung Trung Do
- National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, 34 Trung Van Street, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Stephen E Greiman
- Georgia Southern University, 4324 Old Register Road, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA
| | - Ha Van Nguyen
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Hien Van Hoang
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Toan Quoc Phan
- The Center for Entomology and Parasitology Research, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, 3 Quang Trung Street, Da Nang, Viet Nam
| | - Phuc Pham-Duc
- Institute of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development, 32/12/3A To Ngoc Van Street, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Henry Madsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlaegevej 100, Frederiksberg C 1870, Denmark
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3
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Kwoba E, Oduori DO, Lambertini E, Thomas LF, Grace D, Mutua F. Food safety interventions in low- and middle-income countries in Asia: A systematic review. Zoonoses Public Health 2023; 70:187-200. [PMID: 36718488 DOI: 10.1111/zph.13028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Effective and sustainable interventions are necessary for long-term improvement of food safety. This review provides a summary of food safety interventions evaluated in selected low- and middle-income countries in Asia between 2000 and 2020. A systematic screening of published articles from PubMed and CabDirect databases was carried out with the aid of Rayyan QCRI software. A total of 25 studies were considered in the review. A 'before and after' study design was the most frequently used design (64%), while five studies (20%) used a randomized control trial (RCT) design. Interventions applied focused on training to improve knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) towards safe food (60%) or on specific technologies (40%). Nine of the 25 studies were specific on the value chain considered: cattle (1), poultry (1), pigs (4) and fish value chains (3). Except for one study, all interventions reported some level of success; 17 were rated as having a high level of success, defined differently across studies. However, there is a clear evidence gap for the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of food safety interventions in market settings, both consumer- and vendor-facing. A rigorous and standardized assessment of intervention effectiveness and sustainability is recommended, to not only identify areas of improvement, but also to ensure scaling of interventions with demonstrated evidence of success and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmah Kwoba
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - David Obiero Oduori
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.,Maasai Mara University, Narok, Kenya
| | | | - Lian Francesca Thomas
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.,Institute of Infection Veterinary & Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston, UK
| | - Delia Grace
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.,Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Kent, UK
| | - Florence Mutua
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
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Huang XH, Qian MB, Zhu GH, Fang YY, Hao YT, Lai YS. Assessment of control strategies against Clonorchis sinensis infection based on a multi-group dynamic transmission model. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008152. [PMID: 32218570 PMCID: PMC7156112 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Clonorchiasis is one of the most important food-borne trematodiases affecting millions of people. Strategies were recommended by different organizations and control programmes were implemented but mostly in short-time periods. It's important to assess the long-term benefits and sustainability of possible control strategies on morbidity control of the disease. We developed a multi-group transmission model to describe the dynamics of C. sinensis transmission among different groups of people with different raw-fish-consumption behaviors, based on which, a full model with interventions was proposed and three common control measures (i.e., preventive chemotherapy, information, education, and communication (IEC) and environmental modification) and their possible combinations were considered. Under a typical setting of C. sinensis transmission, we simulated interventions according to different strategies and with a series of values of intervention parameters. We found that combinations of measures were much beneficial than those singly applied; higher coverages of measures had better effects; and strategies targeted on whole population performed better than that on at-risk population with raw-fish-consumption behaviors. The strategy recommended by the government of Guangdong Province, China shows good and sustainable effects, under which, the infection control (with human prevalence <5%) could be achieved within 7.84 years (95% CI: 5.78-12.16 years) in our study setting (with original observed prevalence 33.67%). Several sustainable strategies were provided, which could lead to infection control within 10 years. This study makes the effort to quantitatively assess the long-term effects of possible control strategies against C. sinensis infection under a typical transmission setting, with application of a multi-group dynamic transmission model. The proposed model is easily facilitated with other transmission settings and the simulation outputs provide useful information to support the decision-making of control strategies on clonorchiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Huang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Men-Bao Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guang-Hu Zhu
- Department of Mathematics and Computing Science, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue-Yi Fang
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Tao Hao
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Si Lai
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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5
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Thinkhamrop K, Khuntikeo N, Sithithaworn P, Thinkhamrop W, Wangdi K, Kelly MJ, Suwannatrai AT, Gray DJ. Repeated praziquantel treatment and Opisthorchis viverrini infection: a population-based cross-sectional study in northeast Thailand. Infect Dis Poverty 2019; 8:18. [PMID: 30890188 PMCID: PMC6425692 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-019-0529-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Opisthorchis viverrini infection is highly prevalent in northeast Thailand. This liver fluke is classified as a carcinogen due to its causal links with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) development. Although treatment with praziquantel (PZQ) effectively cures O. viverrini infection, the prevalence remains high due to the traditional consumption of raw fish. Therefore, re-infection is common in the endemic community, leading to severe hepato-biliary morbidities including the fatal CCA. In this study, we evaluate the association between the frequency of previous PZQ treatment and current O. viverrini infections among Thai adults living in the endemic area of northeast Thailand. Methods This study includes all participants who were screened for O. viverrini infection in the Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), northeast Thailand. History of PZQ treatment was recorded using a health questionnaire. O. viverrini infections were diagnosed using urine antigen detection. Associations between PZQ and O. viverrini were determined by adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using multiple logistic regression. Results Among participants, 27.7% had previously been treated once with PZQ, 8.2% twice, 2.8% three times, and 3.5% more than three times. Current O. viverrini prevalence was 17% (n = 524). Compared with participants who never used PZQ, the aOR for infection among those who used the drug once was 1.09 (95% CI: 0.88–1.37), twice was 1.19 (95% CI: 0.85–1.68), three times was 1.28 (95% CI: 0.74–2.21), and more than three times was 1.86 (95% CI: 1.18–2.93; P = 0.007). Conclusions The population with a frequent history of PZQ use and still continued raw fish consumption showed high levels of repeated reinfection with O. viverrini. They were infected, treated and re-infected repeatedly. These findings suggest that certain participants continue raw fish consumption even after previous infection. This is a particular problem in highly endemic areas for O. viverrini and increases the risk of CCA. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40249-019-0529-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavin Thinkhamrop
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Data Management and Statistical Analysis Center (DAMASAC), Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Narong Khuntikeo
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Paiboon Sithithaworn
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Wilaiphorn Thinkhamrop
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Data Management and Statistical Analysis Center (DAMASAC), Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Kinley Wangdi
- Department of Global Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Matthew J Kelly
- Department of Global Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
| | - Apiporn T Suwannatrai
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand. .,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
| | - Darren J Gray
- Department of Global Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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6
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Tatonova YV, Chelomina GN, Nguyen HM. Inter-individual and intragenomic variations in the ITS region of Clonorchis sinensis (Trematoda: Opisthorchiidae) from Russia and Vietnam. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2017; 55:350-357. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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7
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Gyawali P, Ahmed W, Sidhu JPS, Nery SV, Clements AC, Traub R, McCarthy JS, Llewellyn S, Jagals P, Toze S. Quantitative detection of viable helminth ova from raw wastewater, human feces, and environmental soil samples using novel PMA-qPCR methods. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:18639-18648. [PMID: 27306209 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7039-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we have evaluated the efficacy of propidium monoazide quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PMA-qPCR) to differentiate between viable and non-viable Ancylostoma caninum ova. The newly developed method was validated using raw wastewater seeded with known numbers of A. caninum ova. Results of this study confirmed that PMA-qPCR has resulted in average of 88 % reduction (P < 0.05) in gene copy numbers for 50 % viable +50 % non-viable when compared with 100 % viable ova. A reduction of 100 % in gene copies was observed for 100 % non-viable ova when compared with 100 % viable ova. Similar reductions (79-80 %) in gene copies were observed for A. caninum ova-seeded raw wastewater samples (n = 18) collected from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) A and B. The newly developed PMA-qPCR method was applied to determine the viable ova of different helminths (A. caninum, A. duodenale, Necator americanus and Ascaris lumbricoides) in raw wastewater, human fecal and soil samples. None of the unseeded wastewater samples were positive for the above-mentioned helminths. N. americanus and A. lumbricoides ova were found in unseeded human fecal and soil samples. For the unseeded human fecal samples (1 g), an average gene copy concentration obtained from qPCR and PMA-qPCR was found to be similar (6.8 × 10(5) ± 6.4 × 10(5) and 6.3 × 10(5) ± 4.7 × 10(5)) indicating the presence of viable N. americanus ova. Among the 24 unseeded soil samples tested, only one was positive for A. lumbricoides. The mean gene copy concentration in the positively identified soil sample was 1.0 × 10(5) ± 1.5 × 10(4) (determined by qPCR) compared to 4.9 × 10(4) ± 3.7 × 10(3) (determined by PMA-qPCR). The newly developed PMA-qPCR methods were able to detect viable helminth ova from wastewater and soil samples and could be adapted for health risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gyawali
- CSIRO Land and Water, Ecosciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, GPO Box 2583, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia.
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia.
| | - W Ahmed
- CSIRO Land and Water, Ecosciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, GPO Box 2583, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - J P S Sidhu
- CSIRO Land and Water, Ecosciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, GPO Box 2583, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - S V Nery
- Research School of Population Health, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, The Australian National University, Linnaeus Way, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - A C Clements
- Research School of Population Health, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, The Australian National University, Linnaeus Way, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - R Traub
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - J S McCarthy
- Clinical Tropical Medicine Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - S Llewellyn
- Clinical Tropical Medicine Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - P Jagals
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - S Toze
- CSIRO Land and Water, Ecosciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, GPO Box 2583, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
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8
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Ong KIC, Araki H, Kano S, Jimba M. The potential of positive deviance approach for the sustainable control of neglected tropical diseases. Trop Med Health 2016; 44:20. [PMID: 27436959 PMCID: PMC4944241 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-016-0023-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) have gained much attention in recent years due to the support from various agencies. However, the main approach to combat NTDs has been to cure rather than to prevent. As many NTD infections are closely linked with human behaviors such as hygienic practices and tradition, behavior change is also very crucial to prevent relapse or reinfection. Therefore, we would like to suggest a potential new approach—the positive deviance approach—to tackle NTDs by focusing on the preventive phase. What makes this approach unique is that the solution comes from the affected population themselves and not from the expert outsiders. Preventive chemotherapy that relies on outside aid has serious sustainability issues as reinfection is also high after the aid program has ended. Learning from the success story in Vietnam on preventing childhood malnutrition, the positive deviance approach could end the spread of NTDs once and for all by making full use of the available local solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Ing Cherng Ong
- Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitomi Araki
- Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Kano
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Malaria, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masamine Jimba
- Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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9
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Gyawali P, Beale DJ, Ahmed W, Karpe AV, Magalhaes RJS, Morrison PD, Palombo EA. Determination of Ancylostoma caninum ova viability using metabolic profiling. Parasitol Res 2016; 115:3485-92. [PMID: 27236650 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5112-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Differentiation between viable and non-viable hookworm ova in environmental samples is necessary in order to implement strategies to mitigate re-infections in endemic regions. In this study, an untargeted metabolic profiling method was developed that utilised gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in order to investigate hookworm ova viability. Ancylostoma caninum was used to investigate the metabolites within viable and non-viable ova. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses of the data resulted in the identification of 53 significant metabolites across all hookworm ova samples. The major compounds observed in viable and non-viable hookworm ova were tetradecanoic acid, commonly known as myristic acid [fold change (FC) = 0.4], and dodecanoic acid, commonly known as lauric acid (FC = 0.388). Additionally, the viable ova had self-protecting metabolites such as prostaglandins, a typical feature absent in non-viable ova. The results of this study demonstrate that metabolic profiling using GC-MS methods can be used to determine the viability of canine hookworm ova. Further studies are needed to assess the applicability of metabolic profiling using GC-MS to detect viable hookworm ova in the mixed (viable and non-viable) populations from environmental samples and identify the metabolites specific to human hookworm species.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gyawali
- CSIRO Land and Water, Ecosciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia. .,School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Herston Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia.
| | - D J Beale
- CSIRO Land and Water, Ecosciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia
| | - W Ahmed
- CSIRO Land and Water, Ecosciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia
| | - A V Karpe
- CSIRO Land and Water, Ecosciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia.,Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, 3122, Australia
| | - R J Soares Magalhaes
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, 4343, Australia.,Children's Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia
| | - P D Morrison
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - E A Palombo
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, 3122, Australia
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10
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Two-year intervention trial to control of fish-borne zoonotic trematodes in giant gourami (Osphronemus goramy) and striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) in nursery ponds in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Acta Trop 2015; 152:201-207. [PMID: 26394184 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Fish-borne zoonotic trematode parasites (FZT) pose a food safety and public health problem in Vietnam. The transmission cycle is complex as domestic animals, especially dogs, cats, fish-eating birds and pigs together with humans serve as reservoir hosts and contribute to FZT egg contamination of aquaculture ponds and the environment. This intervention trial was conducted to determine the effectiveness of various on-farm interventions, including reduction in FZT egg contamination through treatment of infected people and domestic animals, reduction in snail density through mud removal from aquaculture ponds prior to fish stocking, and various other measures in reducing FZT infection in juvenile striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) and giant gourami (Osphronemus goramy). Interventions were implemented on 5 farms for each fish species during production cycles in 2009 and 2010 while 5 similar farms for each species served as control. For both fish species, both prevalence and intensity of infection did not differ significantly between intervention and non-intervention farms prior to the interventions. The interventions significantly reduced both prevalence and intensity of FZT infection in the juvenile fish compared to control ponds. For giant gourami, odds of infection in intervention ponds was 0.13 (95% CL: 0.09-0.20; p<0.001) of that in non-intervention ponds after the 2009 trial and 0.07 (0.03-0.14; p<0.001) after the 2010 trial. For striped catfish, these figures were 0.17 (0.08-0.35; p<0.001) after the 2009 trial while after the 2010 trial all ponds with interventions were free from infection. Metacercariae intensity (no. of metacercariae/fish) in giant gourami from intervention ponds was 0.16 (0.11-0.23; p<0.001) of that in fish from non-intervention ponds after the 2009 trial and 0.07 (0.04-0.15; p<0.001) after the 2010 trial; for striped catfish these figures were 0.18 (0.09-0.36; p<0.001) and 0.00 (confidence limits not estimated), respectively. The aquaculture farm pond intervention approaches taken in this trial have the potential to reduce or eliminate FZT infections in fish and may be implemented across the entire region if adjusted to local conditions and fish species.
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Integrated parasite management: path to sustainable control of fishborne trematodes in aquaculture. Trends Parasitol 2015; 31:8-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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