1
|
Alves ACDJ, Feio dos Santos AC, Peres JMV, Nascimento JMDS, Barbosa DRL, Figueiredo JV, Viana GMR, Póvoa MM. Morphological atypia and molecular profile of Plasmodium vivax: Findings from an outbreak in the Brazilian Amazon. Parasite 2023; 30:38. [PMID: 37772844 PMCID: PMC10540677 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2023039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to perform morphological and molecular analyses of parasites isolated from the blood of malaria-infected individuals during an outbreak in the Microregion of Cametá, State of Pará, Brazilian Amazon. A total of 260 positive samples were identified by microscopy as Plasmodium vivax; however, in three samples, forms considered unusual for the species were found and defined as morphological atypia of P. vivax. Single P. vivax infection was confirmed by qPCR in all samples. Among 256 genotyped samples, the VK247 genotype alone was identified in 255 samples, and the VK210 genotype was found in only one. The study showed that this malaria outbreak was caused by the etiological agent P. vivax, and for the first time, morphological atypia was described in isolates circulating in Brazil. Likewise, for the first time, the VK247 genotype was detected predominantly in single infections in an area of the State of Pará, which may suggest a greater circulation of the genotype in the region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Caroline de Jesus Alves
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01 Belém Pará Brazil
- Laboratory of Malaria Entomology, Parasitology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute Rodovia BR 316, Km 7 Ananindeua Pará Brazil
| | - Ana Cecília Feio dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01 Belém Pará Brazil
- Laboratory of Malaria Entomology, Parasitology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute Rodovia BR 316, Km 7 Ananindeua Pará Brazil
| | - José Mário Veloso Peres
- Laboratory of Basic Research in Malaria, Parasitology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute Rodovia BR 316, Km 7 Ananindeua Pará Brazil
| | - José Maria de Souza Nascimento
- Laboratory of Basic Research in Malaria, Parasitology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute Rodovia BR 316, Km 7 Ananindeua Pará Brazil
| | - Danielle Regina Lima Barbosa
- Laboratory of Malaria Entomology, Parasitology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute Rodovia BR 316, Km 7 Ananindeua Pará Brazil
| | - Juliana Vasconcelos Figueiredo
- Multiprofessional Residency Program in Animal Reproduction, Federal Rural University of the Amazon Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves, 2501 Belém Pará Brazil
| | - Giselle Maria Rachid Viana
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01 Belém Pará Brazil
- Laboratory of Basic Research in Malaria, Parasitology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute Rodovia BR 316, Km 7 Ananindeua Pará Brazil
| | - Marinete Marins Póvoa
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01 Belém Pará Brazil
- Laboratory of Malaria Entomology, Parasitology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute Rodovia BR 316, Km 7 Ananindeua Pará Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Biswal D, Mirdha BR. A case of atypical vivax malaria with a global review of reports on myriads of morpho-variations in parasitized red blood cells. Access Microbiol 2023; 5:000461.v3. [PMID: 37223061 PMCID: PMC10202396 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000461.v3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax, one of the major species associated with human malaria, continues to be a major public health problem in many parts of the world. Numerous studies related to vivax malaria have described quantitative haematological findings (level of haemoglobin, thrombocytopaenia, haematocrit values), but diverse morphological changes of parasite forms within infected red blood cells (iRBCs) have been mentioned only in few studies. Here we report a case of a 13-year-old boy who presented with fever, significant low platelet counts and hypovolaemia that created a diagnostic dilemma. Detection of microgametocytes by microscopic examinations, further confirmed by multiplex nested PCR assays and response to anti-malarials, helped to make the diagnosis. We present an atypical case of vivax malaria with a review of morpho-variations of iRBCs and have summarized the characteristics that aid in creating increased awareness among laboratory health professionals and public health workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debasish Biswal
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Bijay Ranjan Mirdha
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao X, Hu Y, Zhao Y, Wang L, Wu Z, Soe MT, Kyaw MP, Cui L, Zhu X, Cao Y. Genetic diversity in the transmission-blocking vaccine candidate Plasmodium vivax gametocyte protein Pvs230 from the China-Myanmar border area and central Myanmar. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:371. [PMID: 36253843 PMCID: PMC9574792 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05523-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexual stage surface antigens are potential targets of transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs). The gametocyte and gamete surface antigen P230, a leading TBV candidate, is critical for red blood cell binding during exflagellation and subsequent oocyst development. Here, the genetic diversity of Pvs230 was studied in Plasmodium vivax parasite isolates from the China-Myanmar border (CMB) and central Myanmar. METHODS Plasmodium vivax isolates were collected in clinics from malaria-endemic areas of the CMB (143 samples) and Myanmar (23 samples). The interspecies variable part (IVP, nucleotides 1-807) and interspecies conserved part (ICP, 808-2862) of Pvs230 were amplified by PCR and sequenced. Molecular evolution studies were conducted to evaluate the genetic diversity, signature of selection, population differentiation, haplotype network, and population structure of the study parasite populations and publicly available Pvs230 sequences from six global P. vivax populations. RESULTS Limited genetic diversity was observed for the CMB (π = 0.002) and Myanmar (π = 0.001) isolates. Most amino acid substitutions were located in the IVP and cysteine-rich domain of Pvs230. Evidence of positive selection was observed for IVP and purifying selection for ICP. Codon-based tests identified specific codons under natural selection in both IVP and ICP. The fixation index (FST) showed low genetic differentiation between East and Southeast Asian populations, with FST ranging from 0.018 to 0.119. The highest FST value (FST = 0.503) was detected between the Turkey and Papua New Guinea populations. A total of 92 haplotypes were identified in global isolates, with the major haplotypes 2 and 9 being the most abundant and circulating in East and Southeast Asia populations. Several detected non-synonymous substitutions were mapped in the predicted structure and B-cell epitopes of Pvs230. CONCLUSIONS We detected low levels of genetic diversity of Pvs230 in global P. vivax populations. Geographically specific haplotypes were identified for Pvs230. Some mutations are located within a potential B-cell epitope region and need to be considered in future TBV designs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yubing Hu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.,Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zifang Wu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Myat Thu Soe
- Myanmar Health Network Organization, Yangon, Myanmar
| | | | - Liwang Cui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3720 Spectrum Boulevard, Suite 304, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Xiaotong Zhu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yaming Cao
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
de Jesus MCS, Barbosa JHR, Menezes RADO, Gomes MDSM, Bomfim LGS, Pimenta TS, Baptista ARDS, Machado RLD, de Moura TR, Storti-Melo LM. Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) and other inflammatory mediators in malaria by Plasmodium vivax during enteroparasites coinfection. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270007. [PMID: 35749690 PMCID: PMC9232225 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria is a major health issue with more than 200 million cases occurring annually. Moreover, in Malaria endemic area are frequently observed Malaria-enteroparasite co-infections associated with the modulation of inflammatory response. In this aspect, biomarkers play an important role in the disease prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate inflammatory mediators in malaria during coinfection with enteroparasites. A subset of serum samples already collected was analyzed and divided into four groups: Malaria (n = 34), Co-infected (n = 116), Enteroparasite (n = 120) and Control (n = 95). The serum levels of sTREM-1 and IL-6 were measured by ELISA. TNF-α, and IL-10 levels were previously carried out by flow cytometry. Higher serum levels of sTREM-1 and IL-6 were showed in malaria patients compared to healthy controls. In co-infected malarial patients sTREM-1 serum levels were similar to control group. Interestingly, co-infected malaria patients showed IL-6 serum levels decreased compared to individuals only infected with P. vivax. However, in Malaria patients and co-infected there was a positive correlation between the IL-6 and IL-10 levels (P < 0.0001). This is the first report of sTREM-1 levels in P. vivax infected. Moreover, the results revealing a divergent effect of co-infection with the increased balance between pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines and reduced IL-6 levels but increases the anemia occurrence. The results also highlight the potential use of IL-6 as a biomarker for P. vivax and enteroparasites coinfection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myrela Conceição Santos de Jesus
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia Aplicadas, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - José Hugo Romão Barbosa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Tamirys Simão Pimenta
- Instituto Evandro Chagas / Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde / Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, Pará, Brasil
| | - Andrea Regina de Souza Baptista
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia Aplicadas, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Ricardo Luiz Dantas Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia Aplicadas, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil
| | - Tatiana Rodrigues de Moura
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
- Departamento de Morfologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil
- * E-mail:
| | - Luciane Moreno Storti-Melo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ghanchi N, Khan AA, Raheem A, Beg MA. Plasmodium vivax Mimicking Morphologic Features of Plasmodium falciparum. Cureus 2020; 12:e11406. [PMID: 33312804 PMCID: PMC7725463 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.11406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) is the most common cause of malaria in Pakistan. Several cases of severe malaria due to P.vivax have been reported from Pakistan and India, however morphological characteristics of the parasite have been mainly ignored. We present two cases of P. vivax mono-infection, which were characterized by multiple infected red blood cells, similar to that seen in Plasmodium falciparum, as observed under microscopy. Both cases were confirmed as mono-infection of P.vivax on Giemsa stained thick and thin films, malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Morphology on peripheral blood smear remains the gold standard for diagnosis of malaria and mimicking morphological features leads to misdiagnosis and mismanagement of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Najia Ghanchi
- Pathology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, PAK
| | - Adnan A Khan
- Anesthesiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, PAK
| | - Ahmed Raheem
- Emergency Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, PAK
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Almeida-de-Oliveira NK, de Abreu-Fernandes R, Lima-Cury L, de Lavigne AR, de Pina-Costa A, Perce-da-Silva DDS, Catanho M, Rossi AD, Brasil P, Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro C, Ferreira-da-Cruz MDF. Balancing selection and high genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite central region in parasites from Brazilian Amazon and Rio de Janeiro Atlantic Forest. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241426. [PMID: 33166298 PMCID: PMC7652573 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Circumsporozoite protein (CSP) is the primary pre-erythrocytic vaccine target in Plasmodium species. Knowledge about their genetic diversity can help predict vaccine efficacy and the spread of novel parasite variants. Thus, we investigated pvcsp gene polymorphisms in 219 isolates (136 from Brazilian Amazon [BA], 71 from Rio de Janeiro Atlantic Forest [AF], and 12 from non-Brazilian countries [NB]). Forty-eight polymorphic sites were detected, 46 in the central repeat region (CR), and two in the C-terminal region. Also, the CR presents InDels and a variable number of repeats. All samples correspond to the VK210 variant, and 24 VK210 subtypes based on CR. Nucleotide diversity (π = 0.0135) generated a significant number of haplotypes (168) with low genetic differentiation between the Brazilian regions (Fst = 0.208). The haplotype network revealed similar distances among the BA and AF regions. The linkage disequilibrium indicates that recombination does not seem to be acting in diversity, reinforcing natural selection's role in accelerating adaptive evolution. The high diversity (low Fst) and polymorphism frequencies could be indicators of balancing selection. Although malaria in BA and AF have distinct vector species and different host immune pressures, consistent genetic signature was found in two regions. The immunodominant B-cell epitope mapped in the CR varies from seven to 19 repeats. The CR T-cell epitope is conserved only in 39 samples. Concerning to C-terminal region, the Th2R epitope presented nonsynonymous SNP only in 6% of Brazilian samples, and the Th3R epitope remained conserved in all studied regions. We conclude that, although the uneven distribution of alleles may jeopardize the deployment of vaccines directed to a specific variable locus, a unique vaccine formulation could protect populations in all Brazilian regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natália Ketrin Almeida-de-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal), Reference Laboratory for Malaria in the Extra-Amazonian Region for the Brazilian Ministry of Health, SVS & Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rebecca de Abreu-Fernandes
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal), Reference Laboratory for Malaria in the Extra-Amazonian Region for the Brazilian Ministry of Health, SVS & Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lidiane Lima-Cury
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal), Reference Laboratory for Malaria in the Extra-Amazonian Region for the Brazilian Ministry of Health, SVS & Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aline Rosa de Lavigne
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal), Reference Laboratory for Malaria in the Extra-Amazonian Region for the Brazilian Ministry of Health, SVS & Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Anielle de Pina-Costa
- Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal), Reference Laboratory for Malaria in the Extra-Amazonian Region for the Brazilian Ministry of Health, SVS & Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Doenças Febris Agudas, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Centro Universitário Serra dos Órgãos (UNIFESO), Teresópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daiana de Souza Perce-da-Silva
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal), Reference Laboratory for Malaria in the Extra-Amazonian Region for the Brazilian Ministry of Health, SVS & Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcos Catanho
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular de Microrganismos, IOC, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Atila Duque Rossi
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Brasil
- Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal), Reference Laboratory for Malaria in the Extra-Amazonian Region for the Brazilian Ministry of Health, SVS & Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Doenças Febris Agudas, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal), Reference Laboratory for Malaria in the Extra-Amazonian Region for the Brazilian Ministry of Health, SVS & Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria de Fátima Ferreira-da-Cruz
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal), Reference Laboratory for Malaria in the Extra-Amazonian Region for the Brazilian Ministry of Health, SVS & Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Capobianco MP, Cassiano GC, Storti-Melo LM, Pimenta TS, Rodrigues APD, Arruda JEG, Pinto MR, Baptista ARDS, Pratt-Riccio LR, Bonini-Domingos CR, de Oliveira-Ferreira J, Machado RLD. Polymorphism in the IL-1β promoter is associated with IgG antibody response to circumsporozoite protein repeats of Plasmodium vivax. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2020; 114:858-865. [PMID: 32766886 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traa055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well established that infection by Plasmodium vivax is a result of host-parasite interactions. In the present study, association with the IL1/IL2 cytokine profiles, anticircumsporozoite protein antibody levels and parasitic loads was evaluated in individuals naturally infected with P. vivax in an endemic area of the Brazilian Amazon. METHODS Molecular diagnosis of P. vivax and variants was performed using the PCR-RFLP method and IL1B -511C>T, IL2 -330T>G and IL2+114T>G polymorphisms were identified using PCR-RFLP and allele-specific PCR. IL-1β and IL-2 cytokine levels were detected by flow cytometry and circumsporozoite protein (CSP) antibodies were measured by ELISA. RESULTS Three variants of P. vivax CSP were identified and VK247 was found to be the most frequent. However, the prevalence and magnitude of IgG antibodies were higher for the VK210 variant. Furthermore, the antibody response to the CSP variants was not associated with the presence of the variant in the infection. Significant differences were observed between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) -511T>C in the IL1B gene and levels of antibodies to the VK247 and P. vivax-like variants, but there were no associations between SNPs in IL1 and IL2 genes and their plasma products. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with the rs16944 CC genotype in the IL1β gene have higher antibody levels to the CSP of P. vivax of VK247 and P. vivax-like variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gustavo Capatti Cassiano
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Institut, Lisboa University, Portugal
| | | | - Tamirys Simão Pimenta
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunogenetics, Evandro Chagas Institute/Health Ministry, Pará, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Drummond Rodrigues
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Evandro Chagas Institute/Health Ministry, University Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Gomes Arruda
- Center of Microorganisms Investigation, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcia Ribeiro Pinto
- Center of Microorganisms Investigation, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Ricardo Luiz Dantas Machado
- Graduate Program in Biosciences, São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Center of Microorganisms Investigation, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pratt-Riccio LR, Baptista BDO, Torres VR, Bianco-Junior C, Perce-Da-Silva DDS, Riccio EKP, Lima-Junior JDC, Totino PRR, Cassiano GC, Storti-Melo LM, Machado RLD, de Oliveira-Ferreira J, Banic DM, Carvalho LJDM, Daniel-Ribeiro CT. Chloroquine and mefloquine resistance profiles are not related to the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) VK210 subtypes in field isolates of Plasmodium vivax from Manaus, Brazilian Amazon. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2019; 114:e190054. [PMID: 31411308 PMCID: PMC6690721 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760190054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The central repetitive region (CRR) of the Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite surface protein (CSP) is composed of a repetitive sequence that is characterised by three variants: VK210, VK247 and P. vivax-like. The most important challenge in the treatment of P. vivax infection is the possibility of differential response based on the parasite genotype. OBJECTIVES To characterise the CSP variants in P. vivax isolates from individuals residing in a malaria-endemic region in Brazil and to profile these variants based on sensitivity to chloroquine and mefloquine. METHODS The CSP variants were determined by sequencing and the sensitivity of the P. vivax isolates to chloroquine and mefloquine was determined by Deli-test. FINDINGS Although five different allele sizes were amplified, the sequencing results showed that all of the isolates belonged to the VK210 variant. However, we observed substantial genetic diversity in the CRR, resulting in the identification of 10 different VK210 subtypes. The frequency of isolates that were resistant to chloroquine and mefloquine was 11.8 and 23.8%, respectively. However, we did not observe any difference in the frequency of the resistant isolates belonging to the VK210 subtypes. MAIN CONCLUSION The VK210 variant is the most frequently observed in the studied region and there is significant genetic variability in the CRR of the P. vivax CSP. Moreover, the antimalarial drug sensitivity profiles of the isolates does not seem to be related to the VK210 subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Rose Pratt-Riccio
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.,Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Bárbara de Oliveira Baptista
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.,Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Vanessa Rodrigues Torres
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.,Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Cesare Bianco-Junior
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.,Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Daiana de Souza Perce-Da-Silva
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.,Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Evelyn Kety Pratt Riccio
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.,Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Josué da Costa Lima-Junior
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Paulo Renato Rivas Totino
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.,Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Gustavo Capatti Cassiano
- Universidade de Campinas, Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Laboratório de Doenças Tropicais, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - Luciane Moreno Storti-Melo
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Departamento de Biologia, Aracaju, SE, Brasil
| | - Ricardo Luiz Dantas Machado
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto Biomédico, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - Joseli de Oliveira-Ferreira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Dalma Maria Banic
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Imunologia Clínica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Leonardo José de Moura Carvalho
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.,Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Cláudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.,Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
VK210 and VK247 genotypes of Plasmodium vivax in anopheline mosquitoes from Brazilian Amazon. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9391. [PMID: 31253819 PMCID: PMC6599022 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45809-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax sporozoites are differenced by circumsporozoite protein. Studies on the circulation of P. vivax VK210 and P. vivax VK247 in anopheline mosquitoes are important to verify the adaptability of these parasites on mosquitoes in different locations and periods. This study aimed to describe and compare the distribution of these genotypes in anopheline mosquitoes from four states of the Brazilian Amazon. Epidemiological databases about CSP infections on mosquitoes from Pará (2000–2015), Amapá (2000–2010), Roraima (2000–2003 and 2009–2011) and Acre States (2012–2015) were used for analysis. A total of 895 specimens were found infected mainly by P. vivax VK210. We showed that the distribution of P. vivax VK247 changed over time in the main malaria vectors on the Brazilian Amazon. We note that A. darlingi was abundant in certain localities while A. albitarsis s.l. in anothers, which highlights the importance of entomological studies for the control of human malaria.
Collapse
|
10
|
González-Cerón L, Rodríguez MH, Nettel-Cruz JA, Hernández-Ávila JE, Malo-García IR, Santillán-Valenzuela F, Villarreal-Treviño C. Plasmodium vivax CSP-Pvs25 variants from southern Mexico produce distinct patterns of infectivity for Anopheles albimanus versus An. pseudopunctipennis, in each case independent of geographical origin. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:86. [PMID: 30786915 PMCID: PMC6381756 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3331-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The susceptibility of Anopheles albimanus and An. pseudopunctipennis to local Plasmodium vivax has been associated in southern Mexico with two ookinete surface proteins (Pvs25/28) polymorphism. Perhaps parasite population selection (i.e. adaptation to local vectors) contributes to this phenomenon. It is also possible that certain molecular interactions exist between P. vivax and each mosquito species independently of geographical origin. This study aimed to explore the susceptibility of An. albimanus and An. pseudopunctipennis (collected from different geographical sites) to P. vivax cspVk/Pvs25-130 haplotypes from southern Mexico. RESULTS Of the 120 P. vivax-infected blood samples used to simultaneously feed An. albimanus and An. pseudopunctipennis mosquitoes originating from various geographical sites, 80 produced at least one infected mosquito species. Three parasite haplotypes were identified in infected blood: Vk210/Pvs25-A (12.5%), Vk210/Pvs25-B (20%) and Vk247/Pvs25-B (67.5%). Two parameters (the proportion of infected mosquitoes and number of oocysts/mosquito) showed a similar pattern for each mosquito species (independently of geographical origin). For An. albimanus mosquitoes (from the Pacific coast, Mexican gulf and Lacandon Forest lowlands), these two parameters were higher in specimens infected with P. vivax Vk210/Pvs25-A versus Vk210/Pvs25-B or Vk247/Pvs25-B (P < 0.001). For An. pseudopunctipennis mosquitoes (from the Pacific coast, northeast Mexico and east Guatemala foothills), the same two parameters were higher in specimens infected with Vk247/Pvs25-B or Vk210/Pvs25-B versus Vk210/Pvs25-A (P < 0.001). Higher infection rates were caused by Vk247/Pvs25-B than Vk210/Pvs25-B parasites in An. pseudopunctipennis (P = 0.011) and An. albimanus (P = 0.001). The greatest parasitaemia, gametocytaemia and microgamete formation was observed in Vk247/Pvs25-B infected blood, and each of these parameters correlated with each other and with the number of oocysts in An. pseudopunctipennis from the sympatric colony. CONCLUSIONS Plasmodium vivax Vk247/Pvs25-B infections were the most prevalent, likely due to the higher parasitaemia produced in the susceptible vector (especially An. pseudopunctipennis). The analysis of mosquito-parasite interactions indicate that An. pseudopunctipennis and An. albimanus each have a unique pattern of transmitting genetic variants of P. vivax, and this is not dependent on geographical origin. The present findings highlight the importance of parasite genotyping to understand transmission dynamics and vectorial participation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lilia González-Cerón
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, 30700 Chiapas México
| | - Mario H. Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, 62100 Morelos México
| | - José A. Nettel-Cruz
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, 30700 Chiapas México
| | - Juan E. Hernández-Ávila
- Centro de Información para Decisiones en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Ciudad de México, 14080 México
| | - Iliana R. Malo-García
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, 30700 Chiapas México
| | - Frida Santillán-Valenzuela
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, 30700 Chiapas México
| | - Cuauhtémoc Villarreal-Treviño
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, 30700 Chiapas México
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu Y, Zhou RM, Zhang YL, Wang DQ, Li SH, Yang CY, Qian D, Zhao YL, Zhang HW, Xu BL. Analysis of polymorphisms in the circumsporozoite protein gene of Plasmodium vivax isolates from Henan Province, China. Malar J 2018; 17:103. [PMID: 29506527 PMCID: PMC5838951 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-018-2237-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasmodium vivax malaria has historically been a major source of disease in Henan, China. In the 1970s, the morbidity of malaria was highest in the country. With support from the government and the efforts of healthcare personnel, the reported malaria cases have declined dramatically and a national elimination programme was launched in 2010. To achieve the goal, it is essential to study the diversity of autochthonous malaria and transmission of Plasmodium parasites, which will provide baseline data for disease control and management. METHODS Thirty-two P. vivax isolates from Henan province were collected from 2008 to 2011, and circumsporozoite protein (csp) genes were analysed to estimate the genetic diversity of this parasite. RESULTS The assessment of csp sequences indicated that all the isolates were the VK210 type, however, none of them was identical to the VK210 strain. The sequences displayed variations in the central region, and eight sub-types were observed. Among the sub-types, HN7 was the most prevalent (37.5%), followed by HN3 (34.4%). A total of 653 repeat units were discovered in 32 Henan isolates. Nucleotide sequences were grouped in 13 unique repeat nucleotide sequence allotypes that coded for 7 different repeated amino acid allotypes. B (GNGAGGQAA) and D (GDRAAGQPA) were more frequent based on the results; they represented 53.9% (352/653) of the total. In comparison to the basic repeat units of VK210, more than 75% of the central repeat units had at least one non-synonymous nucleotide change. CONCLUSIONS Recent P. vivax populations in Henan province showed some degree of genetic diversity in csp, with 8 sub-types among 32 samples. Meantime, the results also suggested its relative conserved parasite populations. This could provide interesting baseline data that allow identifying whether potential new cases differ from the parasites already circulating in the area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Rui-min Zhou
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Ya-lan Zhang
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Duo-quan Wang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Su-hua Li
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Cheng-yun Yang
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Dan Qian
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Yu-ling Zhao
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Hong-wei Zhang
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Bian-li Xu
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Menezes RADO, Gomes MDSM, Mendes AM, Couto ÁARDA, Nacher M, Pimenta TS, de Sousa ACP, Baptista ARDS, de Jesus MI, Enk MJ, Cunha MG, Machado RLD. Enteroparasite and vivax malaria co-infection on the Brazil-French Guiana border: Epidemiological, haematological and immunological aspects. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0189958. [PMID: 29293589 PMCID: PMC5749708 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria-enteroparasitic co-infections are known for their endemicity. Although they are prevalent, little is known about their epidemiology and effect on the immune response. This study evaluated the effect of enteroparasite co-infections with malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax in a border area between Brazil and French Guiana. The cross sectional study took place in Oiapoque, a municipality of Amapá, on the Amazon border. Malaria was diagnosed using thick blood smears, haemoglobin dosage by an automated method and coproparasitology by the Hoffman and Faust methods. The anti-PvMSP-119 IgG antibodies in the plasma were evaluated using ELISA and Th1 (IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-2), and Th2 (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10) cytokine counts were performed by flow cytometry. The participants were grouped into those that were monoinfected with vivax malaria (M), vivax malaria-enteroparasite co-infected (CI), monoinfected with enteroparasite (E) and endemic controls (EC), who were negative for both diseases. 441 individuals were included and grouped according to their infection status: [M 6.9% (30/441)], [Cl 26.5% (117/441)], [E 32.4% (143/441)] and [EC 34.2% (151/441)]. Males prevailed among the (M) 77% (23/30) and (CI) 60% (70/117) groups. There was a difference in haemoglobin levels among the different groups under study for [EC-E], [EC-Cl], [E-M] and [Cl-M], with (p < 0.01). Anaemia was expressed as a percentage between individuals [CI-EC (p < 0.05)]. In terms of parasitaemia, there were differences for the groups [CI-M (p < 0.05)]. Anti-PvMSP-119 antibodies were detected in 51.2% (226/441) of the population. The level of cytokines evaluation revealed a large variation in TNF-α and IL-10 concentrations in the co-infected group. In this study we did not observe any influence of coinfection on the acquisition of IgG antibodies against PvMSP119, as well as on the profile of the cytokines that characterize the Th1 and Th2 patterns. However, co-infection increased TNF-α and IL-10 levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rubens Alex de Oliveira Menezes
- Postgraduate Program in the Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará State, Brazil
- Laboratory of morphofunctional and parasitic studies with impact on health (LEMPIS), Federal University of Amapá (UNIFAP), Macapa, Amapá State, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Anapaula Martins Mendes
- UNIFAP/Oiapoque Binational Campus, Federal University of Amapá, Oiapoque, Amapá State, Brazil
| | | | - Mathieu Nacher
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique, CIC INSERM 1424, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Tamirys Simão Pimenta
- Postgraduate Program in Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UFPA, Belém, Pará State, Brazil
- Evandro Chagas Institute/Brazilian Secretariat of Health Surveillance (SVS)/Brazilian Ministry of Health (MS), Ananindeua, Pará State, Brazil
| | - Aline Collares Pinheiro de Sousa
- Evandro Chagas Institute/Brazilian Secretariat of Health Surveillance (SVS)/Brazilian Ministry of Health (MS), Ananindeua, Pará State, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Izabel de Jesus
- Evandro Chagas Institute/Brazilian Secretariat of Health Surveillance (SVS)/Brazilian Ministry of Health (MS), Ananindeua, Pará State, Brazil
| | - Martin Johannes Enk
- Evandro Chagas Institute/Brazilian Secretariat of Health Surveillance (SVS)/Brazilian Ministry of Health (MS), Ananindeua, Pará State, Brazil
| | - Maristela Gomes Cunha
- Postgraduate Program in the Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará State, Brazil
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará State, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Luiz Dantas Machado
- Postgraduate Program in the Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará State, Brazil
- Evandro Chagas Institute/Brazilian Secretariat of Health Surveillance (SVS)/Brazilian Ministry of Health (MS), Ananindeua, Pará State, Brazil
- Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cabral-Miranda G, Heath MD, Gomes AC, Mohsen MO, Montoya-Diaz E, Salman AM, Atcheson E, Skinner MA, Kramer MF, Reyes-Sandoval A, Bachmann MF. Microcrystalline Tyrosine (MCT ®): A Depot Adjuvant in Licensed Allergy Immunotherapy Offers New Opportunities in Malaria. Vaccines (Basel) 2017; 5:vaccines5040032. [PMID: 28953265 PMCID: PMC5748599 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines5040032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microcrystalline Tyrosine (MCT®) is a widely used proprietary depot excipient in specific immunotherapy for allergy. In the current study we assessed the potential of MCT to serve as an adjuvant in the development of a vaccine against malaria. To this end, we formulated the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) of P. vivax in MCT and compared the induced immune responses to CSP formulated in PBS or Alum. Both MCT and Alum strongly increased immunogenicity of CSP compared to PBS in both C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. Challenge studies in mice using a chimeric P. bergei expressing CSP of P. vivax demonstrated clinically improved symptoms of malaria with CSP formulated in both MCT and Alum; protection was, however, more pronounced if CSP was formulated in MCT. Hence, MCT may be an attractive biodegradable adjuvant useful for the development of novel prophylactic vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Cabral-Miranda
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Physiology (CCMP), The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
| | - Matthew D Heath
- Allergy Therapeutics (UK) Ltd. Dominion Way, Worthing BN14 8SA, UK.
| | - Ariane C Gomes
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Physiology (CCMP), The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
| | - Mona O Mohsen
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Physiology (CCMP), The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
| | - Eduardo Montoya-Diaz
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Physiology (CCMP), The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
| | - Ahmed M Salman
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Physiology (CCMP), The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
| | - Erwan Atcheson
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Physiology (CCMP), The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
| | - Murray A Skinner
- Allergy Therapeutics (UK) Ltd. Dominion Way, Worthing BN14 8SA, UK.
| | | | - Arturo Reyes-Sandoval
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Physiology (CCMP), The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
| | - Martin F Bachmann
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Physiology (CCMP), The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
- Immunology, RIA, Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern ,Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Graumans W, Tadesse FG, Andolina C, van Gemert GJ, Teelen K, Lanke K, Gadisa E, Yewhalaw D, van de Vegte-Bolmer M, Siebelink-Stoter R, Reuling I, Sauerwein R, Bousema T. Semi-high-throughput detection of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax oocysts in mosquitoes using bead-beating followed by circumsporozoite ELISA and quantitative PCR. Malar J 2017; 16:356. [PMID: 28877707 PMCID: PMC5588624 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-017-2011-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The malaria infection status of mosquitoes is commonly determined by microscopic detection of oocysts on the dissected mosquito midgut. This method is labour-intensive, does not allow processing of large numbers of mosquitoes and can be challenging in terms of objective classification of oocysts. Here, a semi-high-throughput bead-beating ELISA method is proposed for detection of the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) followed by confirmation by quantitative PCR (qPCR). Methods Cultured Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes were offered to Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes and examined by microscopy. After bead-beating, mosquito homogenate was examined by CSP-ELISA and 18S qPCR. As negative controls, mosquitoes that were offered a heat-inactivated gametocyte blood meal were used. The CSP-ELISA/qPCR methodology was applied to high and low-intensity infections of cultured P. falciparum gametocytes. A similar methodology optimized for P. vivax was used on mosquitoes that were offered blood from Ethiopian donors who were naturally infected with P. vivax. Results There was considerable variation in CSP-ELISA signal and qPCR values in mosquitoes with low oocyst intensities. There was a strong agreement mosquito positivity by CSP-ELISA and by qPCR in mosquitoes that fed on cultured P. falciparum material (agreement 96.9%; kappa = 0.97) and naturally infected P. vivax parasite carriers [agreement 92.4% (kappa = 0.83)]. Conclusions The proposed bead-beating CSP-ELISA/qPCR methodology considerably increases throughput for the detection of mosquito infection. qPCR remains necessary to confirm infections in mosquitoes with low CSP-ELISA signal. This methodology may prove particularly useful for studies where very low mosquito infection prevalence is expected and study sites where experience with oocyst detection is limited. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-017-2011-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wouter Graumans
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Fitsum G Tadesse
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Armauer Hansen Research Institute (AHRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.,Institute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Chiara Andolina
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Geert-Jan van Gemert
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Karina Teelen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kjerstin Lanke
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Delenasaw Yewhalaw
- Tropical and Infectious Diseases Research Center (TIDRC), Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Marga van de Vegte-Bolmer
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rianne Siebelink-Stoter
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Isaïe Reuling
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Sauerwein
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Teun Bousema
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. .,Department of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Frequency of TNFA, INFG, and IL10 Gene Polymorphisms and Their Association with Malaria Vivax and Genomic Ancestry. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:5168363. [PMID: 27999453 PMCID: PMC5143728 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5168363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms in cytokine genes can alter the production of these proteins and consequently affect the immune response. The trihybrid heterogeneity of the Brazilian population is characterized as a condition for the use of ancestry informative markers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of -1031T>C, -308G>A and -238G>A TNFA, +874 A>T IFNG and -819C>T, and -592C>A IL10 gene polymorphisms and their association with malaria vivax and genomic ancestry. Samples from 90 vivax malaria-infected individuals and 51 noninfected individuals from northern Brazil were evaluated. Genotyping was carried out by using ASO-PCR or PCR/RFLP. The genomic ancestry of the individuals was classified using 48 insertion/deletion polymorphism biallelic markers. There were no differences in the proportions of African, European, and Native American ancestry between men and women. No significant association was observed for the allele and genotype frequencies of the 6 SNPs between malaria-infected and noninfected individuals. However, there was a trend toward decreasing the frequency of individuals carrying the TNF-308A allele with the increasing proportion of European ancestry. No ethnic-specific SNPs were identified, and there was no allelic or genotype association with susceptibility or resistance to vivax malaria. Understanding the genomic mechanisms by which ancestry influences this association is critical and requires further study.
Collapse
|