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Souza BS, Lima LF, Galardo AKR, Corbel V, Lima JBP, Martins AJ. Genetic structure and kdr mutations in Aedes aegypti populations along a road crossing the Amazon Forest in Amapá State, Brazil. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17167. [PMID: 37821679 PMCID: PMC10567682 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44430-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti poses a significant threat to disease control. One form of resistance, caused by kdr mutations in the NaV gene, hinders vector control efforts in Brazil. Despite genetic differences typically accumulating among isolated populations, this mosquito can actively and passively disperse through human transportation. Our study investigated the genetic structure and spread of kdr mutations in Ae. aegypti populations across six localities in Amapá State, Brazil, within the Amazonian Forest. Using 12 microsatellite loci and qPCR methods, we assessed genetic structure and identified three common kdr mutations (V410L, V1016I, and F1534C). High prevalence of kdr alleles was observed in all localities, indicating widespread distribution in Amapá State. Microsatellite analysis revealed differentiation among mosquito populations, dividing them into two distinct clusters supported by Bayesian and DAPC analyses. Oiapoque, located along the northern border with French Guiana, exhibited the highest kdr frequencies and genetic differentiation compared to other localities. Our findings suggest genetic structure in Ae. aegypti populations in Amapá State, with some passive gene flow between clusters. The study underscores the need for continuous surveillance of Ae. aegypti populations to monitor the spread of insecticide resistance and inform effective vector control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara S Souza
- Laboratório de Biologia, Controle e Vigilância de Insetos Vetores (LBCVIV), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC)/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Leticia F Lima
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Instituto de Química (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Allan K R Galardo
- Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá/IEPA, Macapá, AP, 68.908-220, Brazil
| | - Vincent Corbel
- Laboratório de Biologia, Controle e Vigilância de Insetos Vetores (LBCVIV), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC)/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
- Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement (IRD), MIVEGEC, CNRS, IRD, Université de Montpellier, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Jose Bento P Lima
- Laboratório de Biologia, Controle e Vigilância de Insetos Vetores (LBCVIV), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC)/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Ademir J Martins
- Laboratório de Biologia, Controle e Vigilância de Insetos Vetores (LBCVIV), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC)/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil.
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
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Seok S, Raz CD, Miller JH, Malcolm AN, Eason MD, Romero-Weaver AL, Giordano BV, Jacobsen CM, Wang X, Akbari OS, Raban R, Mathias DK, Caragata EP, Vorsino AE, Chiu JC, Lee Y. Arboviral disease outbreaks, Aedes mosquitoes, and vector control efforts in the Pacific. FRONTIERS IN TROPICAL DISEASES 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fitd.2023.1035273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Recurring outbreaks of mosquito-borne diseases, like dengue, in the Pacific region represent a major biosecurity risk to neighboring continents through potential introductions of disease-causing pathogens. Aedes mosquitoes, highly prevalent in this region, are extremely invasive and the predominant vectors of multiple viruses including causing dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. Due to the absence of vaccines for most of these diseases, Aedes control remains a high priority for public health. Currently, international organizations put their efforts into improving mosquito surveillance programs in the Pacific region. Also, a novel biocontrol method using Wolbachia has been tried in the Pacific region to control Aedes mosquito populations. A comprehensive understanding of mosquito biology is needed to assess the risk that mosquitoes might be introduced to neighboring islands in the region and how this might impact arboviral virus transmission. As such, we present a comprehensive review of arboviral disease outbreak records as well as Aedes mosquito biology research findings relevant to the Pacific region collected from both non-scientific and scientific sources.
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Zhang HD, Gao J, Li CX, Ma Z, Liu Y, Wang G, Liu Q, Xing D, Guo XX, Zhao T, Jiang YT, Dong YD, Zhao TY. Genetic Diversity and Population Genetic Structure of Aedes albopictus in the Yangtze River Basin, China. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:1950. [PMID: 36360187 PMCID: PMC9690033 DOI: 10.3390/genes13111950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aedes albopictus is an indigenous primary vector of dengue and Zika viruses in China. Understanding the population spatial genetic structure, migration, and gene flow of vector species is critical to effectively preventing and controlling vector-borne diseases. The genetic variation and population structure of Ae. albopictus populations collected from 22 cities along the Yangtze River Basin were investigated with nine microsatellite loci and the mitochondrial CoxI gene. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.534 to 0.871. The observed number of alleles (Na) values ranged from 5.455 to 11.455, and the effective number of alleles (Ne) values ranged from 3.106 to 4.041. The Shannon Index (I) ranged from 1.209 to 1.639. The observed heterozygosity (Ho) values ranged from 0.487 to 0.545. The FIS value ranged from 0.047 to 0.212. All Ae. albopictus populations were adequately allocated to three clades with significant genetic differences. Haplotype 2 is the most primitive molecular type and forms 26 other haplotypes after one or more site mutations. The rapid expansion of high-speed rail, aircraft routes and highways along the Yangtze River Basin have accelerated the dispersal and communication of mosquitoes, which appears to have contributed to inhibited population differentiation and promoted genetic diversity among Ae. albopictus populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tong-Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
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Zhang HD, Gao J, Xing D, Guo XX, Li CX, Dong YD, Zheng Z, Ma Z, Wu ZM, Zhu XJ, Zhao MH, Liu QM, Yan T, Chu HL, Zhao TY. Fine-scale genetic structure and wolbachia infection of aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Nanjing city, China. Front Genet 2022; 13:827655. [PMID: 36110209 PMCID: PMC9468874 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.827655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:Aedes albopictus is an indigenous primary vector of dengue and Zika viruses in China. Wolbachia is a gram-negative and common intracellular bacteria, which is maternally inherited endosymbionts and could expand their propagation in host populations by means of various manipulations. Compared with research on the dispersion of Ae. albopictus at the macrospatial level (mainly at the country or continent level), little is known about its variation and Wolbachia infection at the microspatial level, which is essential for its management. Meanwhile, no local cases of dengue fever have been recorded in the history of Nanjing, which implies that few adulticides have been applied in the city. Thus, the present study examines how the Ae. albopictus population varies and the Wolbachia infection status of each population among microspatial regions of Nanjing City. Methods: The genetic structure of 17 Aedes albopictus populations collected from urban, urban fringe, and rural regions of Nanjing City was investigated based on 9 microsatellite loci and the mitochondrial coxI gene. The Wolbachia infection status of each population was also assessed with Wolbachia A- and Wolbachia B-specific primers. Results: Nine out of 58 tested pairs of microsatellite markers were highly polymorphic, with a mean PIC value of 0.560, and these markers were therefore chosen for microsatellite genotyping analysis. The Na value of each Ae. albopictus population was very high, and the urban area populations (7.353 ± 4.975) showed a lower mean value than the urban fringe region populations (7.866 ± 5.010). A total of 19 coxI haplotypes were observed among 329 Ae. albopictus individuals via haplotype genotyping, with the highest diversity observed among the urban fringe Ae. albopictus populations (Hd = 0.456) and the lowest among the urban populations (Hd = 0.277). Each Ae. albopictus population showed significant departure from HWE, and significant population expansion was observed in only three populations from the urban (ZSL), urban fringe (HAJY), and rural areas (HSZY) (p < 0.05). Combined with DAPC analysis, all the Ae. albopictus populations were adequately allocated to two clades with significant genetic differences according to population structure analysis, and the best K value was equal to two. AMOVA results showed that most (96.18%) of the genetic variation detected in Ae. albopictus occurred within individuals (FIT = 0.22238, p < 0.0001), while no significant positive correlation was observed via isolation by distance (IBD) analysis (R2 = 0.03262, p = 0.584). The TCS network of all haplotypes showed that haplotype 1 (H1) and haplotype 4 (H4) were the most frequent haplotypes among all populations, and the haplotype frequency significantly increased from urban regions (36.84%) to rural regions (68.42%). Frequent migration was observed among Ae. albopictus populations from rural to urban regions via the urban fringe region, with four direct migration routes between rural and urban regions. Furthermore, Wolbachia genotyping results showed that most of the individuals of each population were coinfected with Wolbachia A and Wolbachia B. The independent infection rate of Wolbachia A was slightly higher than that of Wolbachia B, and no significant differences were observed among different regions. Conclusion: In the microspatial environment of Nanjing City, the urban fringe region is an important region for the dispersion of Ae. albopictus populations between rural and urban areas, and Wolbachia A and Wolbachia B coinfection is the most common Wolbachia infection status in all Ae. albopictus populations among different regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Duan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-De Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Zu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Qin-Mei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Liang Chu
- Department of Disinfection and Vector Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Hong-Liang Chu, ; Tong-Yan Zhao,
| | - Tong-Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Hong-Liang Chu, ; Tong-Yan Zhao,
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Edillo F, Ymbong RR, Cabahug MM, Labiros D, Suycano MW, Lambrechts L, Sakuntabhai A. Yearly variations of the genetic structure of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Philippines (2017-2019). INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022; 102:105296. [PMID: 35526823 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dengue is the fastest emerging arboviral disease in the world, imposing a substantial health and economic burden in the tropics and subtropics. The mosquito, Aedes aegypti, is the primary vector of dengue in the Philippines. We examined the genetic structure of Ae. aegypti populations collected from the Philippine major islands (Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao), each with highland (Baguio city, Cebu city mountains and Maramag, Bukidnon, respectively) and lowland sites (Quezon city; Liloan, Cebu and Cagayan de Oro [CDO] city, respectively) during the wet (2017-2018 and 2018-2019) and dry seasons (2018 and 2019). Mosquitoes (n = 1800) were reared from field-collected eggs and immatures, and were analyzed using 12 microsatellite loci. Generalized linear model analyses revealed yearly variations between highlands and lowlands in the major islands as supported by Bayesian clustering analyses on: 1) stronger selection (inbreeding coefficient, FIS = 0.52) in 2017-2018 than in 2018-2019 (FIS = 0.32) as influenced by rainfall, 2) the number of non-neutral loci indicating selection, and 3) differences of effective population size although at p = 0.05. Across sites except Baguio and CDO cities: 1) FIS varied seasonally as influenced by relative humidity (RH), and 2) the number of non-neutral loci varied as influenced by RH and rainfall indicating selection. Human-mediated activities and not isolation by distance influenced genetic differentiations of mosquito populations within (FST = 0.04) the major islands and across sites (global FST = 0.16). Gene flow (Nm) and potential first generation migrants among populations were observed between lowlands and highlands within and across major islands. Our results suggest that dengue control strategies in the epidemic wet season are to be changed into whole year-round approach, and water pipelines are to be installed in rural mountains to prevent the potential breeding sites of mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Edillo
- Mosquito Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of San Carlos - Talamban campus, Cebu city 6000, Philippines.
| | - Rhoniel Ryan Ymbong
- Mosquito Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of San Carlos - Talamban campus, Cebu city 6000, Philippines.
| | - Maureen Mathilde Cabahug
- Mosquito Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of San Carlos - Talamban campus, Cebu city 6000, Philippines
| | - Dinesse Labiros
- Mosquito Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of San Carlos - Talamban campus, Cebu city 6000, Philippines
| | - Mark Windy Suycano
- Mosquito Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of San Carlos - Talamban campus, Cebu city 6000, Philippines
| | - Louis Lambrechts
- Insect-Virus Interactions Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR2000, CNRS, Paris, France.
| | - Anavaj Sakuntabhai
- Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR2000, CNRS, Paris, France.
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Correction: The genetic structure of Aedes aegypti populations is driven by boat traffic in the Peruvian Amazon. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010552. [PMID: 35704558 PMCID: PMC9200301 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Dass S, Ngui R, Gill BS, Chan YF, Wan Sulaiman WY, Lim YAL, Mudin RN, Chong CK, Sulaiman LH, Sam IC. Spatiotemporal spread of chikungunya virus in Sarawak, Malaysia. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2021; 115:922-931. [PMID: 33783526 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trab053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We studied the spatiotemporal spread of a chikungunya virus (CHIKV) outbreak in Sarawak state, Malaysia, during 2009-2010. METHODS The residential addresses of 3054 notified CHIKV cases in 2009-2010 were georeferenced onto a base map of Sarawak with spatial data of rivers and roads using R software. The spatiotemporal spread was determined and clusters were detected using the space-time scan statistic with SaTScan. RESULTS Overall CHIKV incidence was 127 per 100 000 population (range, 0-1125 within districts). The average speed of spread was 70.1 km/wk, with a peak of 228 cases/wk and the basic reproduction number (R0) was 3.1. The highest age-specific incidence rate was 228 per 100 000 in adults aged 50-54 y. Significantly more cases (79.4%) lived in rural areas compared with the general population (46.2%, p<0.0001). Five CHIKV clusters were detected. Likely spread was mostly by road, but a fifth of rural cases were spread by river travel. CONCLUSIONS CHIKV initially spread quickly in rural areas mainly via roads, with lesser involvement of urban areas. Delayed spread occurred via river networks to more isolated areas in the rural interior. Understanding the patterns and timings of arboviral outbreak spread may allow targeted vector control measures at key transport hubs or in large transport vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarat Dass
- School of Mathematical & Computer Sciences, Heriot-Watt University Malaysia, 62200 Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Romano Ngui
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur
| | | | - Yoke Fun Chan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Yvonne Ai Lian Lim
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur
| | - Rose Nani Mudin
- Vector Borne Disease Sector, Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Pusat Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan, 62590 Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Chee Kheong Chong
- Office of the Deputy Director General of Health (Public Health), Ministry of Health Malaysia, Pusat Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan, 62590 Putrajaya
| | - Lokman Hakim Sulaiman
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Institute for Research, Development and Innovation, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - I-Ching Sam
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Kondapaneni R, Malcolm AN, Vazquez BM, Zeng E, Chen TY, Kosinski KJ, Romero-Weaver AL, Giordano BV, Allen B, Riles MT, Killingsworth D, Campbell LP, Caragata EP, Lee Y. Mosquito Control Priorities in Florida-Survey Results from Florida Mosquito Control Districts. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10080947. [PMID: 34451411 PMCID: PMC8401384 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10080947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Florida lies within a subtropical region where the climate allows diverse mosquito species including invasive species to thrive year-round. As of 2021, there are currently 66 state-approved Florida Mosquito Control Districts, which are major stakeholders for Florida public universities engaged in mosquito research. Florida is one of the few states with extensive organized mosquito control programs. The Florida State Government and Florida Mosquito Control Districts have long histories of collaboration with research institutions. During fall 2020, we carried out a survey to collect baseline data on the current control priorities from Florida Mosquito Control Districts relating to (1) priority control species, (2) common adult and larval control methods, and (3) major research questions to address that will improve their control and surveillance programs. The survey data showed that a total of 17 distinct mosquito species were considered to be priority control targets, with many of these species being understudied. The most common control approaches included truck-mounted ultra-low-volume adulticiding and biopesticide-based larviciding. The districts held interest in diverse research questions, with many prioritizing studies on basic science questions to help develop evidence-based control strategies. Our data highlight the fact that mosquito control approaches and priorities differ greatly between districts and provide an important point of comparison for other regions investing in mosquito control, particularly those with similar ecological settings, and great diversity of potential mosquito vectors, such as in Florida. Our findings highlight a need for greater alignment of research priorities between mosquito control and mosquito research. In particular, we note a need to prioritize filling knowledge gaps relating to understudied mosquito species that have been implicated in arbovirus transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Kondapaneni
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (R.K.); (A.N.M.); (B.M.V.); (E.Z.); (T.-Y.C.); (K.J.K.); (A.L.R.-W.); (B.V.G.); (L.P.C.); (E.P.C.)
| | - Ashley N. Malcolm
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (R.K.); (A.N.M.); (B.M.V.); (E.Z.); (T.-Y.C.); (K.J.K.); (A.L.R.-W.); (B.V.G.); (L.P.C.); (E.P.C.)
| | - Brian M. Vazquez
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (R.K.); (A.N.M.); (B.M.V.); (E.Z.); (T.-Y.C.); (K.J.K.); (A.L.R.-W.); (B.V.G.); (L.P.C.); (E.P.C.)
| | - Eric Zeng
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (R.K.); (A.N.M.); (B.M.V.); (E.Z.); (T.-Y.C.); (K.J.K.); (A.L.R.-W.); (B.V.G.); (L.P.C.); (E.P.C.)
| | - Tse-Yu Chen
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (R.K.); (A.N.M.); (B.M.V.); (E.Z.); (T.-Y.C.); (K.J.K.); (A.L.R.-W.); (B.V.G.); (L.P.C.); (E.P.C.)
| | - Kyle J. Kosinski
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (R.K.); (A.N.M.); (B.M.V.); (E.Z.); (T.-Y.C.); (K.J.K.); (A.L.R.-W.); (B.V.G.); (L.P.C.); (E.P.C.)
| | - Ana L. Romero-Weaver
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (R.K.); (A.N.M.); (B.M.V.); (E.Z.); (T.-Y.C.); (K.J.K.); (A.L.R.-W.); (B.V.G.); (L.P.C.); (E.P.C.)
| | - Bryan V. Giordano
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (R.K.); (A.N.M.); (B.M.V.); (E.Z.); (T.-Y.C.); (K.J.K.); (A.L.R.-W.); (B.V.G.); (L.P.C.); (E.P.C.)
| | - Benjamin Allen
- Mosquito Control Division, City of Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL 32202, USA;
| | - Michael T. Riles
- Beach Mosquito Control District, Panama City Beach, FL 32413, USA;
| | | | - Lindsay P. Campbell
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (R.K.); (A.N.M.); (B.M.V.); (E.Z.); (T.-Y.C.); (K.J.K.); (A.L.R.-W.); (B.V.G.); (L.P.C.); (E.P.C.)
| | - Eric P. Caragata
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (R.K.); (A.N.M.); (B.M.V.); (E.Z.); (T.-Y.C.); (K.J.K.); (A.L.R.-W.); (B.V.G.); (L.P.C.); (E.P.C.)
| | - Yoosook Lee
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (R.K.); (A.N.M.); (B.M.V.); (E.Z.); (T.-Y.C.); (K.J.K.); (A.L.R.-W.); (B.V.G.); (L.P.C.); (E.P.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Monsalve Y, Triana-Chávez O, Gómez-Palacio A. Population structure and ancestry prediction of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) supports a single African origin of Colombian populations. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2021; 116:e200441. [PMID: 34259736 PMCID: PMC8279122 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760200441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A previous phylogeographic study revealed two Aedes aegypti African-related mitochondrial lineages distributed in Colombian's cities with different eco-epidemiologic characteristics with regard to dengue virus (DENV). It has been proposed these lineages might indicate independent invasion sources. OBJECTIVES Assessing to Colombian population structure and to support evidence of its probable source origin. METHODS We analysed a total of 267 individuals from cities of Bello, Riohacha and Villavicencio, which 241 were related to the West and East African mitochondrial lineages (termed here as WAL and EAL, respectively). Eight polymorphic microsatellite loci were analysed aiming population structure. FINDINGS Results indicate substantial gene flow among distant and low-connected cities composing a panmictic population with incipient local differentiation of Ae. aegypti is placed in Colombia. Likewise, genetic evidence indicates no significant differences among individuals related to WAL and EAL is placed. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Minimal genetic differentiation in low-connected Ae. aegypti populations of Colombia, and lack concordance between mitochondrial and nuclear genealogies suggest that Colombian Ae. aegypti shared a common demographic history. Under this scenario, we suggest current Ae. aegypti population structure reflects a single origin instead of contemporary migration, which founding populations have a single source from a mitochondrial polymorphic African ancient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoman Monsalve
- Universidad de Antioquia, Grupo de Biología y Control de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Omar Triana-Chávez
- Universidad de Antioquia, Grupo de Biología y Control de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Andrés Gómez-Palacio
- Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Laboratorio de Investigación en Genética Evolutiva, Boyacá, Colombia
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10
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Regilme MAF, Carvajal TM, Honnen A, Amalin DM, Watanabe K. The influence of roads on the fine-scale population genetic structure of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus). PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009139. [PMID: 33635860 PMCID: PMC7946359 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is endemic in tropical and subtropical countries and is transmitted mainly by Aedes aegypti. Mosquito movement can be affected by human-made structures such as roads that can act as a barrier. Roads can influence the population genetic structure of Ae. aegypti. We investigated the genetic structure and gene flow of Ae. aegypti as influenced by a primary road, España Boulevard (EB) with 2000-meter-long stretch and 24-meters-wide in a very fine spatial scale. We hypothesized that Ae. aegypti populations separated by EB will be different due to the limited gene flow as caused by the barrier effect of the road. A total of 359 adults and 17 larvae Ae. aegypti were collected from June to September 2017 in 13 sites across EB. North (N1-N8) and South (S1-S5) comprised of 211 and 165 individuals, respectively. All mosquitoes were genotyped at 11 microsatellite loci. AMOVA FST indicated significant genetic differentiation across the road. The constructed UPGMA dendrogram found 3 genetic groups revealing the clear separation between North and South sites across the road. On the other hand, Bayesian cluster analysis showed four genetic clusters (K = 4) wherein each individual samples have no distinct genetic cluster thus genetic admixture. Our results suggest that human-made landscape features such as primary roads are potential barriers to mosquito movement thereby limiting its gene flow across the road. This information is valuable in designing an effective mosquito control program in a very fine spatial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Angenica F. Regilme
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
- Biological Control Research Unit, Center for Natural Science and Environmental Research, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
- Department of Biology, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
| | - Thaddeus M. Carvajal
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
- Biological Control Research Unit, Center for Natural Science and Environmental Research, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
- Department of Biology, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
| | - Ann–Christin Honnen
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Divina M. Amalin
- Biological Control Research Unit, Center for Natural Science and Environmental Research, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
- Department of Biology, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
| | - Kozo Watanabe
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
- Biological Control Research Unit, Center for Natural Science and Environmental Research, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
- Department of Biology, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
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11
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Dhole S, Lloyd AL, Gould F. Gene Drive Dynamics in Natural Populations: The Importance of Density Dependence, Space, and Sex. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY, EVOLUTION, AND SYSTEMATICS 2020; 51:505-531. [PMID: 34366722 PMCID: PMC8340601 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-031120-101013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The spread of synthetic gene drives is often discussed in the context of panmictic populations connected by gene flow and described with simple deterministic models. Under such assumptions, an entire species could be altered by releasing a single individual carrying an invasive gene drive, such as a standard homing drive. While this remains a theoretical possibility, gene drive spread in natural populations is more complex and merits a more realistic assessment. The fate of any gene drive released in a population would be inextricably linked to the population's ecology. Given the uncertainty often involved in ecological assessment of natural populations, understanding the sensitivity of gene drive spread to important ecological factors is critical. Here we review how different forms of density dependence, spatial heterogeneity, and mating behaviors can impact the spread of self-sustaining gene drives. We highlight specific aspects of gene drive dynamics and the target populations that need further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Dhole
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - Alun L Lloyd
- Biomathematics Graduate Program and Department of Mathematics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8213, USA
- Genetic Engineering and Society Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7565, USA
| | - Fred Gould
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
- Genetic Engineering and Society Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7565, USA
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12
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Ribeiro GDO, Morais VS, Monteiro FJC, Ribeiro ESD, Rego MODS, Souto RNP, Villanova F, Tahmasebi R, Hefford PM, Deng X, Delwart E, Cerdeira Sabino E, Fernandes LN, da Costa AC, Leal É. Aedes aegypti from Amazon Basin Harbor High Diversity of Novel Viral Species. Viruses 2020; 12:E866. [PMID: 32784421 PMCID: PMC7472207 DOI: 10.3390/v12080866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses are the most diverse and abundant microorganisms on earth, highly adaptive to a wide range of hosts. Viral diversity within invertebrate hosts has gained notoriety in recent years in public health as several such viruses have been of medical importance. Aedes aegypti serves as a vector for several viruses that have caused epidemics within the last year throughout Brazil; including Dengue, Zika and Chikungunya. This study aimed to identify new viral agents within Aedes aegypti mosquito in a city of the Amazonian region, where it is highly endemic. Metagenomic investigation was performed on 60 mosquito pools and viral RNA sequences present in their microbiota were characterized using genomic and phylogenetic tools. In total, we identified five putative novel virus species related to the Sobemovirus genus, Iflavirus genus and Permutatetraviridae family. These findings indicate a diverse taxonomy of viruses present in the mosquito microbiota of the Amazon, the region with the greatest invertebrate diversity in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanessa S Morais
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Fred Julio Costa Monteiro
- Public Health Laboratory of Amapa-LACEN/AP, Health Surveillance Superintendence of Amapa, Macapa 68905-230, Amapa, Brazil
| | | | - Marlisson Octavio da S Rego
- Public Health Laboratory of Amapa-LACEN/AP, Health Surveillance Superintendence of Amapa, Macapa 68905-230, Amapa, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiola Villanova
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, 66075-000, Brazil
| | - Roozbeh Tahmasebi
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Philip Michael Hefford
- University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, Derriford Road, Crownhill, Plymouth PL6 8DH, UK
| | - Xutao Deng
- Vitalant Research Institute, 270 Masonic Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94118-4417, USA
- Department Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Eric Delwart
- Vitalant Research Institute, 270 Masonic Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94118-4417, USA
- Department Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ester Cerdeira Sabino
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Licia Natal Fernandes
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | | | - Élcio Leal
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, 66075-000, Brazil
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13
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Ayala AM, Vera NS, Chiappero MB, Almirón WR, Gardenal CN. Urban Populations of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) From Central Argentina: Dispersal Patterns Assessed by Bayesian and Multivariate Methods. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 57:1069-1076. [PMID: 32053724 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti (L.), the main vector of dengue and other arboviruses, was declared eradicated from Argentina in 1964; however, in 1987, it was detected again and nowadays it occurs in most of the country territory. To understand the transmission of vector-borne diseases, knowledge of the dispersal of vector populations is essential to evaluate the risk of pathogen transmission. We conducted a population genetic analysis of Ae. aegypti in 20 neighborhoods from Córdoba, the second largest city in Argentina, using 10 microsatellite loci. High genetic differentiation and the absence of an isolation by distance pattern was found using Weir and Cockerham's θ. Bayesian and multivariate clustering analyses showed that the studied sites included individuals with high membership coefficients (Q) in their populations, individuals with membership in another cluster, and admixed individuals. Individuals with high Q in clusters different from the population in which they were collected strongly suggests that passive transport is important in shaping the Ae. aegypti dispersal pattern in Córdoba city. Knowing the genetic structure of Ae. aegypti populations and their dispersal patterns would contribute to the implementation of vector control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Ayala
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Cátedra de Genética de Poblaciones y Evolución, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IDEA, CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Noelia Soledad Vera
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Cátedra de Genética de Poblaciones y Evolución, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Marina Beatriz Chiappero
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Cátedra de Genética de Poblaciones y Evolución, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IDEA, CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Walter Ricardo Almirón
- Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba-Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (CIEC-IIByT), CONICET- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Cristina Noemí Gardenal
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IDEA, CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
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14
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Carvajal TM, Ogishi K, Yaegeshi S, Hernandez LFT, Viacrusis KM, Ho HT, Amalin DM, Watanabe K. Fine-scale population genetic structure of dengue mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti, in Metropolitan Manila, Philippines. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008279. [PMID: 32365059 PMCID: PMC7224578 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is a highly endemic disease in Southeast Asia and is transmitted primarily by the mosquito, Aedes aegypti. The National Capital Region (NCR) of the Philippines, or Metropolitan Manila, is a highly urbanized area that is greatly affected by this arboviral disease. Urbanization has been shown to increase the dispersal of this mosquito vector. For this reason, we conducted a fine-scale population genetic study of Ae. aegypti in this region. We collected adult Ae. aegypti mosquitoes (n = 526 individuals) within the region (n = 21 study areas) and characterized the present population structure and the genetic relatedness among mosquito populations. We genotyped 11 microsatellite loci from all sampled mosquito individuals and analyzed their genetic diversity, differentiation and structure. The results revealed low genetic differentiation across mosquito populations which suggest high gene flow and/or weak genetic drift among mosquito populations. Bayesian analysis indicated multiple genetic structures (K = 3-6), with no clear genetically distinct population structures. This result implies the passive or long-distance dispersal capability nature Ae. aegypti possibly through human-mediated transportation. The constructed dendrogram in this study describes the potential passive dispersal patterns across Metropolitan Manila. Furthermore, spatial autocorrelation analysis showed the limited and active dispersal capability (<1km) of the mosquito vector. Our findings are consistent with previous studies that investigated the genetic structure and dual (active and passive) dispersal capability of Ae. aegypti in a fine-scale highly urbanized area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaddeus M. Carvajal
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES)–Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering—Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
- Biology Department–De La Salle University, Taft Ave Manila, Philippines
- Biological Control Research Unit, Center for Natural Science and Environmental Research—De La Salle University, Taft Ave Manila, Philippines
| | - Kohei Ogishi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering—Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Sakiko Yaegeshi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering—Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Japan
| | | | | | - Howell T. Ho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Trinity University of Asia, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Divina M. Amalin
- Biology Department–De La Salle University, Taft Ave Manila, Philippines
- Biological Control Research Unit, Center for Natural Science and Environmental Research—De La Salle University, Taft Ave Manila, Philippines
| | - Kozo Watanabe
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES)–Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering—Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
- Biology Department–De La Salle University, Taft Ave Manila, Philippines
- Biological Control Research Unit, Center for Natural Science and Environmental Research—De La Salle University, Taft Ave Manila, Philippines
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