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de Assis JCA, Pinto HA. Infection of guppies (Poecilia reticulata) with the Asian fish tapeworm Schyzocotyle acheilognathi in an urban stream in Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA = BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY : ORGAO OFICIAL DO COLEGIO BRASILEIRO DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2024; 33:e020323. [PMID: 38597570 PMCID: PMC11020102 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612024018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Schyzocotyle acheilognathi is a fish tapeworm native to Asia but has been reported as an alien species on practically all other continents. Its invasive potential is due to its low host specificity and high adaptability to different environments, and its spread to new areas can result in economic and ecological impacts. Studies reporting this species in South America are still scarce, indicating the need to monitor its dispersion to new areas. Herein, tapeworms found in guppies, Poecilia reticulata, from an urban stream located in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, in April 2021 were subjected to morphological and molecular characterization. As a result, 5/13 (38.5%) of the P. reticulata specimens evaluated were infected with intestinal tapeworms. It was verified a mean intensity of infection of 7.8 (1-25) and a mean abundance of infection of 3 (0-25). The morphology of the cestodes obtained was compatible with that of S. acheilognathi. Moreover, genetic analysis based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (Cox-1) revealed 97.89-99.77% similarity to isolates of this species from different localities. The possibility that S. acheilognathi is expanding to new regions of South America is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordana Costa Alves de Assis
- Laboratório de Biologia de Trematoda, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais – UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Hudson Alves Pinto
- Laboratório de Biologia de Trematoda, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais – UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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Pérez-Guerra CL, Rosado-Santiago C, Ramos SA, Marrero-Santos KM, González-Zeno G, Partridge SK, Rivera-Amill V, Paz-Bailey G, Sánchez-González L, Hayden MH. Acceptability of emergent Aedes aegypti vector control methods in Ponce, Puerto Rico: A qualitative assessment. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0002744. [PMID: 38446807 PMCID: PMC10917327 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti control has been fraught with challenges in Puerto Rico. The government has implemented commonly used vector control methods, but arboviral epidemics still occur. It is necessary to explore new Ae. aegypti control methods. This study aimed to understand the perceptions of community members in Ponce, Puerto Rico about emergent and traditional Ae. aegypti vector control methods and determine their acceptability and support for these methods. We identified the type of information needed to increase support for emergent vector control methods, and the preferred strategies to disseminate this information. Four group discussions were conducted with a total of 32 participants representing eight of the 14 clusters participating in the Communities Organized for the Prevention of Arboviruses (COPA), a project designed to mobilize communities in Ponce, Puerto Rico to prevent diseases transmitted by mosquitoes. Group discussions began with an overview of different methods used for controlling Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. These overviews facilitated participant understanding of the mosquito control methods presented. Use of source reduction, autocidal gravid ovitraps (AGO), and manual application of larvicide for arboviral mosquito control received support from almost all participants. Vector control methods that use more familiar techniques in Puerto Rico such as truck-mounted larvicide spraying (TMLS) and insecticide residual spraying received support from most participants. More than half of participants supported the use of emergent mosquito control methods including Wolbachia suppression, Wolbachia replacement, or genetically modified mosquitoes (GMM). Participants preferred to receive vector control information through house-to-house visits with the distribution of written materials, followed by dissemination of information through traditional (i.e., radio, television) and social media. The detailed information resulting from this study was used to develop messages for a communications campaign to garner future community support. Community acceptance and support are critical for the success of vector control programs using emergent mosquito control methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen L. Pérez-Guerra
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Coral Rosado-Santiago
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Sue Anette Ramos
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Karla Michelle Marrero-Santos
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Gladys González-Zeno
- Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Susanna K. Partridge
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Vanessa Rivera-Amill
- Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Gabriela Paz-Bailey
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Liliana Sánchez-González
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Mary H. Hayden
- Lyda Hill Institute for Human Resilience, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States of America
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Müller JN, Galardo AKR, Corrêa APSDA, Macoris MDLDG, de Melo-Santos MAV, Nakazawa MM, Martins AJ, Lima JBP. Impact of SumiLarv ® 2MR on Aedes aegypti larvae: a multicenter study in Brazil. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:88. [PMID: 38409019 PMCID: PMC10895835 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-06064-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes aegypti is associated with dengue, Zika, and chikungunya transmission. These arboviruses are responsible for national outbreaks with severe public health implications. Vector control is one of the tools used to prevent mosquito proliferation, and SumiLarv® 2MR is an alternative commercial product based on pyriproxyfen for larval/pupal control. In this study, the residual effectiveness of SumiLarv® 2MR in different regions of Brazil was evaluated in simulated field conditions. METHODS We conducted a multicenter study across four Brazilian states-Amapá, Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo-given the importance to the country's climatic variances in the north, northeast, and southeast regions and their influence on product efficiency. The populations of Ae. aegypti from each location were held in an insectary. Third-instar larvae (L3) were added every 2 weeks to water containers with SumiLarv® 2MR discs in 250-, 500- and 1000-l containers in Amapá and Rio de Janeiro, and 100-l containers in Pernambuco and São Paulo, using concentrations of 0.04, 0.08, and 0.16 mg/l. RESULTS Adult emergence inhibition over 420 days was observed in all tests conducted at a concentration of 0.16 mg/l; inhibition for 308-420 days was observed for 0.08 mg/l, and 224-420 days for 0.04 mg/l. CONCLUSIONS Sumilarv® 2MR residual activity demonstrated in this study suggests that this new pyriproxyfen formulation is a promising alternative for Aedes control, regardless of climatic variations and ideal concentration, since the SumiLarv® 2MR showed adult emergence inhibition of over 80% and residual activity greater than 6 months, a period longer than that recommended by the Ministry of Health of Brazil between product re-application in larval breeding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiane Nogueira Müller
- Laboratory of Biology, Control and Surveillance of Vector Insects-LBCVIV FIOCRUZ/RJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Medical Entomology, Institute of Scientific and Technological Research of the State of Amapá-IEPA, Macapá, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Allan Kardec Ribeiro Galardo
- Laboratory of Medical Entomology, Institute of Scientific and Technological Research of the State of Amapá-IEPA, Macapá, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Sales de Andrade Corrêa
- Laboratory of Biology, Control and Surveillance of Vector Insects-LBCVIV FIOCRUZ/RJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Medical Entomology, Institute of Scientific and Technological Research of the State of Amapá-IEPA, Macapá, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ademir Jesus Martins
- Laboratory of Biology, Control and Surveillance of Vector Insects-LBCVIV FIOCRUZ/RJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Bento Pereira Lima
- Laboratory of Biology, Control and Surveillance of Vector Insects-LBCVIV FIOCRUZ/RJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Yek C, Li Y, Pacheco AR, Lon C, Duong V, Dussart P, Young KI, Chea S, Lay S, Man S, Kimsan S, Huch C, Leang R, Huy R, Brook CE, Manning JE. National dengue surveillance, Cambodia 2002-2020. Bull World Health Organ 2023; 101:605-616. [PMID: 37638355 PMCID: PMC10452936 DOI: 10.2471/blt.23.289713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Global dengue incidence has increased dramatically over the past few decades from approximately 500 000 reported cases in 2000 to over 5 million in 2019. This trend has been attributed to population growth in endemic areas, rapid unplanned urbanization, increasing global connectivity, and climate change expanding the geographic range of the Aedes spp. mosquito, among other factors. Reporting dengue surveillance data is key to understanding the scale of the problem, identifying important changes in the landscape of disease, and developing policies for clinical management, vector control and vaccine rollout. However, surveillance practices are not standardized, and data may be difficult to interpret particularly in low- and middle-income countries with fragmented health-care systems. The latest national dengue surveillance data for Cambodia was published in 2010. Since its publication, the country experienced marked changes in health policies, population demographics, climate and urbanization. How these changes affected dengue control remains unknown. In this article, we summarize two decades of policy changes, published literature, country statistics, and dengue case data collected by the Cambodia National Dengue Control Programme to: (i) identify important changes in the disease landscape; and (ii) derive lessons to inform future surveillance and disease control strategies. We report that while dengue case morbidity and mortality rates in Cambodia fell between 2002 and 2020, dengue incidence doubled and age at infection increased. Future national surveillance, disease prevention and treatment, and vector control policies will have to account for these changes to optimize disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Yek
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 12735 Twinbrook Parkway, Rockville, MD20852, United States of America (USA)
| | - Yimei Li
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Andrea R Pacheco
- International Center of Excellence in Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Chanthap Lon
- International Center of Excellence in Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Veasna Duong
- Biological Sciences Department, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, USA
| | - Philippe Dussart
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Katherine I Young
- Biological Sciences Department, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, USA
| | - Sophana Chea
- International Center of Excellence in Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sreyngim Lay
- International Center of Excellence in Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Somnang Man
- International Center of Excellence in Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Souv Kimsan
- National Center of Parasitology, Entomology, and Malaria Control, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Chea Huch
- National Center of Parasitology, Entomology, and Malaria Control, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Rithea Leang
- National Center of Parasitology, Entomology, and Malaria Control, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Rekol Huy
- National Center of Parasitology, Entomology, and Malaria Control, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Cara E Brook
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Jessica E Manning
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 12735 Twinbrook Parkway, Rockville, MD20852, United States of America (USA)
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Pérez-Guerra CL, Rosado-Santiago C, Ramos SA, Marrero KM, González-Zeno G, Miranda-Bermúdez J, Ortíz-Ortíz M, Rivera-Amill V, Waterman S, Paz-Bailey G, Sánchez-González L. Community perceptions on challenges and solutions to implement an Aedes aegypti control project in Ponce, Puerto Rico (USA). PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284430. [PMID: 37068074 PMCID: PMC10109480 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study characterizes community perceptions on a large-scale project seeking to reduce the population of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and prevent arboviral disease transmission in Ponce, Puerto Rico; and to leverage on these perceptions to make modifications to ensure effective project implementation. In 2017-2018 the team conducted informal interviews, focus groups, and in-depth interviews with leaders and residents of the communities, focusing on challenges and potential solutions to the project implementation. Possible challenges to the project implementation included the lack of geographic consistency between clusters defined by researchers and the participants' description of the communities' geographic boundaries. Few children living in the communities could affect the ability of the project to adequately measure arboviral disease incidence. Also, population attrition due to out-migration, and lack of community leaders and communication channels after Hurricane Maria could affect participation in project activities. Lack of trust on strangers was an important challenge due to criminal activity involving violence and drug use in some community areas. Solutions to the identified challenges included identifying emerging leaders and implementing community meetings to promote project activities. The information that community members provided helped us to understand the natural disasters' impact on population attrition in these communities with a disproportionate impact in younger groups, resulting in an aging population. We identified lack of community organization and leadership and increasing number of abandoned houses that could turn into Aedes aegypti breeding sites. The formative work helped to better define the geographic areas that the study would cover, evaluate the acceptability of innovative vector control methods, and identify communication methods used by residents. With this information, challenges and potential solutions in recruiting participants were anticipated, and the community engagement and communications plans were developed. We recommend selecting clusters before research, because opinions towards mosquito control technologies could vary in added clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen L. Pérez-Guerra
- Division of Vector Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Coral Rosado-Santiago
- Division of Vector Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Sue A. Ramos
- Division of Vector Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Karla M. Marrero
- Division of Vector Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Gladys González-Zeno
- Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Julieanne Miranda-Bermúdez
- Puerto Rico Science, Technology and Research Trust, Puerto Rico Vector Control Unit, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Marianyoly Ortíz-Ortíz
- Puerto Rico Science, Technology and Research Trust, Puerto Rico Vector Control Unit, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Vanessa Rivera-Amill
- Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Stephen Waterman
- Division of Vector Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Gabriela Paz-Bailey
- Division of Vector Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Liliana Sánchez-González
- Division of Vector Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
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Vander Kelen C, Mpanya A, Hasker E, Miaka E, Nzuzi R, Torr S, Perez D, Pulford J. 'Where are the dead flies!': perceptions of local communities towards the deployment of Tiny Targets to control tsetse in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. BMJ Glob Health 2022; 7:bmjgh-2021-006879. [PMID: 34992076 PMCID: PMC8739071 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The National Programme for the control of human African trypanosomiasis in Democratic Republic of Congo includes a large-scale vector control operation using Tiny Targets. These are small panels of insecticide-impregnated cloth that are deployed in riverine habitat where tsetse flies concentrate. The effectiveness of Tiny Targets depends partly on acceptance by local communities. In 2018, we conducted research to explore the perception and acceptability of Tiny Targets in two different village clusters where Tiny Targets had been deployed by the local community or external teams. We conducted fourteen focus group discussions and seven semistructured interviews in three villages from each cluster in the Yasa Bonga health zone. Our findings showed that acceptability was better in the cluster where communities were involved in the deployment of Tiny Targets. Also in this cluster, awareness about Tiny Targets was satisfactory and the project was implemented within local customs, which promoted a positive perception of Tiny Targets and their benefits. In the cluster where external teams deployed Tiny Targets, a lack of information and communication, stereotypes applied by communities towards the deployment teams and the impression of inadequate respect for local customs led to anxiety and a misleading interpretation of the purpose of Tiny Targets and negatively influenced acceptability. This study highlights the importance of involving communities for programme acceptance. Our research underlined how awareness campaigns and communication are essential, but also how working within the scope of community social norms and customs are equally important. Prospects for the successful use of Tiny Targets are greater when communities are involved because the use can be adapted to social norms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alain Mpanya
- Coordination, Programme National de Lutte contre la Trypanosomiase Humaine Africaine, Kinshasa, Congo
| | - Epco Hasker
- Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Erick Miaka
- Coordination, Programme National de Lutte contre la Trypanosomiase Humaine Africaine, Kinshasa, Congo
| | - Ruth Nzuzi
- Coordination, Programme National de Lutte contre la Trypanosomiase Humaine Africaine, Kinshasa, Congo
| | - Steve Torr
- Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Dennis Perez
- Epidemiology, Pedro Kouri Institute of Tropical Medicine Center for Diagnostic and Reference Research, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Justin Pulford
- International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
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Shafique M, Mukhtar M, Areesantichai C, Perngparn U. Effectiveness of Positive Deviance, an Asset-Based Behavior Change Approach, to Improve Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Dengue in Low-Income Communities (Slums) of Islamabad, Pakistan: A Mixed-Method Study. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13010071. [PMID: 35055914 PMCID: PMC8780378 DOI: 10.3390/insects13010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Dengue is a mosquito-borne infection caused by the Aedes mosquito, expanding at an alarming pace around the world. Recently, Pakistan has witnessed some major dengue outbreaks, affecting thousands of individuals across the country. As there is no specific cure or vaccine, prevention and vector control remain the key methods to avoid dengue infection. In Pakistan, dengue control activities are mainly focused on information-sharing through mass media and communication materials such as pamphlets and posters. The main challenge is a lack of community participation that can create an enabling environment for communities to follow the desired behaviors. There is a strong need to design and implement community-led behavior change approaches to ensure community participation and translate the knowledge into practices. This study was conducted to better understand the effectiveness of a community engagement approach, ‘positive deviance’, on dengue prevention and control. The study was carried out in two slums affected by the recent dengue outbreak in Islamabad, Pakistan. A total of 112 persons participated in the study, which was conducted from June–October 2020. The community discovered already-existing positive behaviors surrounding dengue prevention and control, which were shared with other participants through interactive activities. The study demonstrated positive changes in knowledge, attitudes, and practices, and could be a potential tool for dengue prevention and control programs worldwide. Abstract Dengue is a mosquito-borne, viral disease that has emerged as a global health concern in recent years. In the absence of specific antiviral treatment and vaccines, prevention remains the key strategy for dengue control. Therefore, innovative and community-driven approaches are required to improve the vector control practices. This study applied and evaluated the positive deviance (PD) approach on dengue prevention and control in selected slums of Islamabad during June–October 2020. The two most dengue-affected slums, the Faisal colony and France colony, were purposively selected as intervention and control groups, respectively. A total of 112 participants (56 for the intervention and 56 for the control group) participated in the study. The intervention group was exposed for two months to locally identified role model behaviors through weekly interactive sessions, dengue sketch competitions, and role plays. Another two months enabled the community to practice these behaviors without any external support in order to explore the intervention’s sustainability. Three surveys were conducted: before the intervention, after two months, and after four months, to assess any changes in the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of participating communities. Results found that the PD intervention had a significant positive impact on dengue knowledge, attitudes, and practices in the intervention group. PD could offer an empowering and efficient community engagement tool for future dengue prevention and control, both in Pakistan and more globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shafique
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (M.S.); (C.A.)
| | | | - Chitlada Areesantichai
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (M.S.); (C.A.)
- Health and Social Science and Addiction Research Unit (HSSRU), Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Usaneya Perngparn
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (M.S.); (C.A.)
- Correspondence:
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8
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Bigio J, Braack L, Chea T, Set S, Suon S, Echaubard P, Hustedt J, Debackere M, Ramirez B, Prasetyo DB, Bunleng S, Wharton-Smith A, Hii J. Entomological outcomes of cluster-randomised, community-driven dengue vector-suppression interventions in Kampong Cham province, Cambodia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010028. [PMID: 35077452 PMCID: PMC8789142 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cambodia has one of the highest dengue infection rates in Southeast Asia. Here we report quantitative entomological results of a large-scale cluster-randomised trial assessing the impact on vector populations of a package of vector control interventions including larvivorous guppy fish in household water containers, mosquito trapping with gravid-ovitraps, solid waste management, breeding-container coverage through community education and engagement for behavioural change, particularly through the participation of school children. These activities resulted in major reductions in Container Index, House Index, Breteau Index, Pupal Index and Adult Index (all p-values 0.002 or lower) in the Intervention Arm compared with the Control Arm in a series of household surveys conducted over a follow-up period of more than one year, although the project was not able to measure the longer-term sustainability of the interventions. Despite comparative reductions in Adult Index between the study arms, the Adult Index was higher in the Intervention Arm in the final household survey than in the first household survey. This package of biophysical and community engagement interventions was highly effective in reducing entomological indices for dengue compared with the control group, but caution is required in extrapolating the reduction in household Adult Index to a reduction in the overall population of adult Aedes mosquitoes, and in interpreting the relationship between a reduction in entomological indices and a reduction in the number of dengue cases. The package of interventions should be trialled in other locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Bigio
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
- McGill International TB Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Leo Braack
- Malaria Consortium, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- UP Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Thy Chea
- Malaria Consortium, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Srun Set
- Malaria Consortium, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sokha Suon
- Malaria Consortium, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | | | - John Hustedt
- Malaria Consortium, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Bernadette Ramirez
- Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Sam Bunleng
- National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Alexandra Wharton-Smith
- Department for Global Health and Development, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey Hii
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Australia
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The Role of Transcription Factors in Gonad Development and Sex Differentiation of a Teleost Model Fish-Guppy ( Poecilia reticulata). Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10122401. [PMID: 33333984 PMCID: PMC7765377 DOI: 10.3390/ani10122401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The guppy (Poecilia reticulata) is one of the world's most popular ornamental fish. Due to lecithotrophic viviparous, it is commonly used in toxicological studies and environmental monitoring. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of gonad development and differentiation during guppy ontogenesis. The study mainly focused on the role and localization of potential specific sex markers and transcription factors: Sox9, Dmrt1, Erβ. For histological analysis, guppies of both sexes were collected at 1, 60, and 360 dph (day post-hatching). The gonads morphology and immunohistochemistry detection of mentioned markers localization were performed. The expression of Sox9 protein was compared between sexes. Histological analysis revelated all types of male germinal cells in 60 dph guppy's testes. Maturated oocytes were visible in the ovaries of 360 dph fish. The Sox9 expression varied in spermatocytes and spermatids, from cellular to nuclear localization, and was higher in ovaries. Dmrt1 was detected in all testes groups and 360 dph ovaries. The Erβ was observed in both sexes at 60 and 360 dph. For the first time, the localization of transcription factors in guppy during ontogenesis was traced. The Sox9 designation as a factor regulating the development of germinal cells in adult guppies may facilitate the analysis of xenobiotics' influence on fish's reproductive system.
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Echaubard P, Thy C, Sokha S, Srun S, Nieto-Sanchez C, Grietens KP, Juban NR, Mier-Alpano J, Deacosta S, Sami M, Braack L, Ramirez B, Hii J. Fostering social innovation and building adaptive capacity for dengue control in Cambodia: a case study. Infect Dis Poverty 2020; 9:126. [PMID: 32883345 PMCID: PMC7469325 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00734-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The social-ecological systems theory, with its unique conception of resilience (social-ecological systems & resilience, SESR), provides an operational framework that currently best meets the need for integration and adaptive governance as encouraged by the Sustainable Development Goals. SESR accounts for the complex dynamics of social-ecological systems and operationalizes transdisciplinarity by focusing on community engagement, value co-creation, decentralized leadership and social innovation. Targeting Social Innovation (SI) in the context of implementation research for vector-borne diseases (VBD) control offers a low-cost strategy to contribute to lasting and contextualized community engagement in disease control and health development in low and middle income countries of the global south. In this article we describe the processes of community engagement and transdisciplinary collaboration underpinning community-based dengue management in rural primary schools and households in two districts in Cambodia. Methods Multiple student-led and community-based interventions have been implemented focusing on empowering education, communication for behavioral change and participatory epidemiology mapping in order to engage Cambodian communities in dengue control. We describe in particular the significance of the participatory processes that have contributed to the design of SI products that emerged following iterative consultations with community stakeholders to address the dengue problem. Results The SI products that emerged following our interaction with community members are 1) adult mosquito traps made locally from solid waste collections, 2) revised dengue curriculum with hands-on activities for transformative learning, 3) guppy distribution systems led by community members, 4) co-design of dengue prevention communication material by students and community members, 5) community mapping. Conclusions The initiative described in this article put in motion processes of community engagement towards creating ownership of dengue control interventions tools by community stakeholders, including school children. While the project is ongoing, the project’s interventions so far implemented have contributed to the emergence of culturally relevant SI products and provided initial clues regarding 1) the conditions allowing SI to emerge, 2) specific mechanisms by which it happens and 3) how external parties can facilitate SI emergence. Overall there seems to be a strong argument to be made in supporting SI as a desirable outcome of project implementation towards building adaptive capacity and resilience and to use the protocol supporting this project implementation as an operational guiding document for other VBD adaptive management in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Echaubard
- SOAS University London, Thornhaugh Street, London, WC1H 0XG, UK.
| | - Chea Thy
- Malaria Consortium, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
| | - Soun Sokha
- Malaria Consortium, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Set Srun
- Malaria Consortium, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | | | | | - Noel R Juban
- Social Innovation and Health Initiatives, University of the Philipines, Manilla, Philippines
| | - Jana Mier-Alpano
- Social Innovation and Health Initiatives, University of the Philipines, Manilla, Philippines
| | - Sucelle Deacosta
- Social Innovation and Health Initiatives, University of the Philipines, Manilla, Philippines
| | | | - Leo Braack
- Malaria Consortium, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Bernadette Ramirez
- UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jeffrey Hii
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health & Medicine, James Cook University of North Queesland, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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11
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Christofferson RC, Parker DM, Overgaard HJ, Hii J, Devine G, Wilcox BA, Nam VS, Abubakar S, Boyer S, Boonnak K, Whitehead SS, Huy R, Rithea L, Sochantha T, Wellems TE, Valenzuela JG, Manning JE. Current vector research challenges in the greater Mekong subregion for dengue, Malaria, and Other Vector-Borne Diseases: A report from a multisectoral workshop March 2019. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008302. [PMID: 32730249 PMCID: PMC7392215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca C. Christofferson
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Daniel M. Parker
- University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | | | | | - Gregor Devine
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Bruce A. Wilcox
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Vu Sinh Nam
- National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Sazaly Abubakar
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Kobporn Boonnak
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Stephen S. Whitehead
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Rekol Huy
- National Center for Parasitology Entomology and Malaria Control, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Leang Rithea
- National Center for Parasitology Entomology and Malaria Control, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Tho Sochantha
- National Center for Parasitology Entomology and Malaria Control, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Thomas E. Wellems
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jesus G. Valenzuela
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jessica E. Manning
- US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
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