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Saba Villarroel PM, Hamel R, Gumpangseth N, Yainoy S, Koomhin P, Missé D, Wichit S. Global seroprevalence of Zika virus in asymptomatic individuals: A systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0011842. [PMID: 38630843 PMCID: PMC11057727 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zika virus (ZIKV) has spread to five of the six World Health Organization (WHO) regions. Given the substantial number of asymptomatic infections and clinical presentations resembling those of other arboviruses, estimating the true burden of ZIKV infections is both challenging and essential. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of seroprevalence studies of ZIKV IgG in asymptomatic population to estimate its global impact and distribution. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We conducted extensive searches and compiled a collection of articles published from Jan/01/2000, to Jul/31/2023, from Embase, Pubmed, SciELO, and Scopus databases. The random effects model was used to pool prevalences, reported with their 95% confidence interval (CI), a tool to assess the risk of study bias in prevalence studies, and the I2 method for heterogeneity (PROSPERO registration No. CRD42023442227). Eighty-four studies from 49 countries/territories, with a diversity of study designs and serological tests were included. The global seroprevalence of ZIKV was 21.0% (95%CI 16.1%-26.4%). Evidence of IgG antibodies was identified in all WHO regions, except for Europe. Seroprevalence correlated with the epidemics in the Americas (39.9%, 95%CI:30.0-49.9), and in some Western Pacific countries (15.6%, 95%CI:8.2-24.9), as well as with recent and past circulation in Southeast Asia (22.8%, 95%CI:16.5-29.7), particularly in Thailand. Additionally, sustained low circulation was observed in Africa (8.4%, 95%CI:4.8-12.9), except for Gabon (43.7%), and Burkina Faso (22.8%). Although no autochthonous transmission was identified in the Eastern Mediterranean, a seroprevalence of 16.0% was recorded. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The study highlights the high heterogeneity and gaps in the distribution of seroprevalence. The implementation of standardized protocols and the development of tests with high specificity are essential for ensuring a valid comparison between studies. Equally crucial are vector surveillance and control methods to reduce the risk of emerging and re-emerging ZIKV outbreaks, whether caused by Ae. aegypti or Ae. albopictus or by the Asian or African ZIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Mariela Saba Villarroel
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- Viral Vector Joint unit and Joint Laboratory, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Rodolphe Hamel
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- Viral Vector Joint unit and Joint Laboratory, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- MIVEGEC, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Nuttamonpat Gumpangseth
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- Viral Vector Joint unit and Joint Laboratory, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Sakda Yainoy
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Phanit Koomhin
- Center of Excellence in Innovation on Essential Oil, Walailak University, Nakhonsithammarat, Thailand
| | - Dorothée Missé
- MIVEGEC, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Sineewanlaya Wichit
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- Viral Vector Joint unit and Joint Laboratory, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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Chen Y, Zhang X, Yang X, Su L, Chen W, Zhao J, Hu Y, Wang Y, Wu Y, Dong Y. PfAgo-Based Zika Virus Detection. Viruses 2024; 16:539. [PMID: 38675882 PMCID: PMC11054744 DOI: 10.3390/v16040539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
As a mosquito-borne flavivirus, Zika virus (ZIKV) has been identified as a global health threat. The virus has been linked to severe congenital disabilities, including microcephaly and other congenital malformations, resulting in fatal intrauterine death. Therefore, developing sensitive and specific methods for the early detection and accurate diagnosis of the ZIKV is essential for controlling its spread and mitigating its impact on public health. Herein, we set up a novel nucleic acid detection system based on Pyrococcus furiosus Argonaute (PfAgo)-mediated nucleic acid detection, targeting the non-structural protein 5 (NS5) region of the ZIKV genome (abbreviated ZIKV-PAND). Without preamplification with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the minimum detection concentration (MDC) of ZIKV-PAND was about 10 nM. When introducing an amplification step, the MDC can be dramatically decreased to the aM level (8.3 aM), which is comparable to qRT-PCR assay (1.6 aM). In addition, the diagnostic findings from the analysis of simulated clinical samples or Zika virus samples using ZIKV-PAND show a complete agreement of 100% with qRT-PCR assays. This correlation can aid in the implementation of molecular testing for clinical diagnoses and the investigation of ZIKV infection on an epidemiological scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology and Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xianyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology and Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology and Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Lifang Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology and Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Weiran Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology and Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Jixiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology and Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yunhong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology and Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Arts and Sciences, Xiangyang 441053, China
| | - Ying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Institute of Medical Virology, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yanming Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology and Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan 430200, China
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Ren J, Chen Z, Ling F, Liu Y, Chen E, Shi X, Guo S, Zhang R, Wang Z, Sun J. The epidemiology of Aedes-borne arboviral diseases in Zhejiang, Southeast China: a 20 years population-based surveillance study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1270781. [PMID: 37942243 PMCID: PMC10629596 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1270781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Aedes-borne arboviral diseases were important public health problems in Zhejiang before the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study was conducted to investigate the characteristics and change of the epidemiology of Aedes-borne arboviral diseases in the province. Methods Descriptive analyses were conducted to summarize the epidemiology of Aedes-borne arboviral diseases during 2003-2022. Results A total of 3,125 cases, including 1,968 indigenous cases, were reported during 2003-2022. Approximately three-quarters of imported cases were infected from Southeast Asia. The number of annual imported cases increased during 2013-2019 (R2 = 0.801, p = 0.004) and peaked in 2019. When compared with 2003-2012, all prefecture-level cities witnessed an increase in the annual mean incidence of imported cases in 2013-2019 (0.11-0.42 per 100,000 population vs. 0-0.05 per 100,000 population) but a drastic decrease during 2020-2022 (0-0.03 per 100,000 population). The change in geographical distribution was similar, with 33/91 counties during 2003-2012, 86/91 during 2013-2019, and 14/91 during 2020-2022. The annual mean incidence of indigenous cases in 2013-2019 was 7.79 times that in 2003-2012 (0.44 vs. 0.06 per 100,000 population). No indigenous cases were reported between 2020-2022. Geographical extension of indigenous cases was also noted before 2020-from two counties during 2003-2012 to 44 during 2013-2019. Conclusion Dengue, chikungunya fever, zika disease, and yellow fever are not endemic in Zhejiang but will be important public health problems for the province in the post-COVID-19 era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangping Ren
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Vaccine, Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Station of Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiping Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Ling
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Vaccine, Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Station of Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Enfu Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Vaccine, Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Station of Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuguang Shi
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Song Guo
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jimin Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Vaccine, Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Station of Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine Generates Cross-Reactive Memory T Cell Responses to Zika Virus in Humans. J Trop Med 2022; 2022:8379286. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/8379286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. Zika virus (ZIKV) and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) are mosquito-borne flaviviruses with sequence homology. ZIKV circulates in some regions where JEV also circulates, or where JE vaccination is used. Cross-immunity between flaviviruses exists, but the precise mechanisms remain unclear. We previously demonstrated that T cell immunity induced by the live-attenuated Japanese encephalitis (JE) SA14-14-2 vaccine conferred protective immunity against ZIKV infection in mice, which could even bypass antibody-dependent enhancement. However, the role of T cell immune, especially memory T cell subsets, in cross-reactive immune responses between JE vaccine and ZIKV in humans has not been reported. Methods. We examined central and effector memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cell (TCM and TEM) responses (including degranulation, cytokines, and chemokines) in the presence of JEV and ZIKV, respectively, by using qualified peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from 18 children who had recently received a two-dose course of JE vaccine SA14-14-2 as well as seven children without JE vaccination. Results. Cross-reactive CD8+ TCM in response to ZIKV was characterized by secretion of IFN-γ, whereas CD8+ TEM did not show significant upregulation of functional factors. In the presence of ZIKV, IFN-γ and TNF-α expression was upregulated by CD4+ TEM, and the expression signature of CD4+ TCM is more cytotoxic potential. Conclusions. We profiled the cross-reactive memory T cell responses to ZIKV in JE vaccine recipients. These data will provide evidence for the mechanism of cross-reactive memory T cell immune responses between JEV and ZIKV and a more refined view of bivalent vaccine design strategy.
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Liu S, Wang J, Yang J, Wen Y. The underlying mechanism of Guillain-Barré syndrome in a young patient suffered from Japanese encephalitis virus infection: a case report. Virol J 2022; 19:139. [PMID: 36050705 PMCID: PMC9434870 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-022-01870-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The presentation of Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is uncommon, although clusters of GBS cases were observed in China in 2018. The underlying mechanism is unclear, particularly in individuals vaccinated against Japanese encephalitis in childhood. Case presentation We report a patient with acute flaccid paralysis involving four extremities and respiratory muscles, while magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spine were standard. Electrophysiological examination displayed slowed motor nerve conduction speed and reduced evoked velocity amplitude. GBS was finally considered which was related to JEV infection verified by positive anti-JEV immunoglobulin M antibody and positive immunoglobulin G antibody in the serum. Unfortunately, the patient refused intravenous immunoglobulin and declined the use of mechanical ventilation again. He voluntarily withdrew from the hospital and died on the 36th day after the onset of illness. We also performed a review of previously reported related cases and discussed the underlying mechanism. Conclusion JEV infection-associated GBS is unusual. We should pay attention to the atypical manifestations of JEV infection and explore possible pathogenesis in particular individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jinyong Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Neurology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Ying Wen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
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Chemical Composition and Antifungal, Anti-Inflammatory, Antiviral, and Larvicidal Activities of the Essential Oils of Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC. from China and Myanmar. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165243. [PMID: 36014481 PMCID: PMC9413833 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC. is a widely used traditional medicinal plant to treat fever, flu, stomachache, traumatic injury, and mosquito bite in tropical and subtropical Asia. This study aimed to investigate the antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and larvicidal activities of its fruit essential oil. The essential oil sample from China (EOZC) was mainly composed of limonene (29.78%) and β-myrcene (26.65%), while the sample from Myanmar (EOZM) was dominated by Terpinen-4-ol (43.35%). Both essential oils showed antifungal activity, with 90% minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC90) values ranging from 26.3 to 499 μg/mL. By obviously inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 cells, EOZC (IC50, 16 μg/mL) showed comparable anti-inflammatory activity to the positive control L-NMMA (IC50, 12.2 μg/mL). EOZM showed significant antiviral activity against the dengue virus with an IC50 value of 13 μg/mL. Additionally, both EOZC and EOZM demonstrated dose-dependent larvicidal activity against Aedes albopictus, with LC50 and LC90 values ranging from 45.8 to 144.0 μg/mL. Our results contribute a theoretical foundation for the further application of Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC. as an antifungal and anti-inflammatory ingredient in the pharmaceutical industry and further indicate that it has the potential to be developed as a new source of natural and eco-friendly medicine for the prevention and treatment of dengue virus.
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Ma X, Lu J, Liu W. Knowledge of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases in the Public of Guangzhou, Southern China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:718592. [PMID: 35211435 PMCID: PMC8861078 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.718592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study is to get the overall picture about the knowledge of emerging and reemerging infectious diseases in public in Guangzhou and provide a scientific basis for developing health information strategies. Methods We used the structured questionnaire to interview 1,000 Guangzhou residents by health enquiry hotline. Descriptive analysis was presented to evaluate the knowledge of the participants. Multiple logistic regression model was performed to determine the influence factors for knowledge of emerging and reemerging infectious diseases Results A total of 801 individuals completed the survey. About one-third had heard of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and Zika, whereas Ebola and plague about 50%. A total of 32.08% participants had never heard of any of the four diseases. Only 2.08% knew the sexual transmission of Zika and 90.17% had no idea about the epidemic region of plague. No more than 15% knew they should check their health status after returning from the epidemic region. Education level and income were the key factors that influenced knowledge rate. Conclusions The low-level knowledge called for the improvement in health information to the public, especially those with low level of education and income. Effective and precise health information was urged to carry out to improve the prevention for the emerging and reemerging infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Ma
- Department of Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianyun Lu
- Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weisi Liu
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
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Adams C, Jadi R, Segovia-Chumbez B, Daag J, Ylade M, Medina FA, Sharp TM, Munoz-Jordan JL, Yoon IK, Deen J, Lopez AL, de Silva AM, Premkumar L. Novel Assay to Measure Seroprevalence of Zika Virus in the Philippines. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 27:3073-3081. [PMID: 34808091 PMCID: PMC8632176 DOI: 10.3201/eid2712.211150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a member of the Flaviviridae family, which includes other clinically notable viruses such as the 4 dengue virus serotypes (DENV-1-4). Distinguishing DENVs from ZIKV using the established serologic assays widely used for monitoring DENV transmission is difficult because of antibody cross-reactivity between these closely related flaviviruses. We describe a modified and improved recombinant envelope domain III-based serologic assay for detecting ZIKV type-specific antibodies in regions with endemic DENV transmission. When the assay was used to measure ZIKV seroprevalence in 2017 among children 9-14 years of age living in a region of the Philippines with endemic DENV transmission, we observed a ZIKV seroprevalence of 18%. Investigators should consider using the ZIKV envelope domain III-based assay, which is simple and readily adaptable for use in standard clinical and public health laboratories, to assess ZIKV seroprevalence in areas with endemic DENV transmission.
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Li H, Chen Y, Machalaba CC, Tang H, Chmura AA, Fielder MD, Daszak P. Wild animal and zoonotic disease risk management and regulation in China: Examining gaps and One Health opportunities in scope, mandates, and monitoring systems. One Health 2021; 13:100301. [PMID: 34401458 PMCID: PMC8358700 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging diseases of zoonotic origin such as COVID-19 are a continuing public health threat in China that lead to a significant socioeconomic burden. This study reviewed the current laws and regulations, government reports and policy documents, and existing literature on zoonotic disease preparedness and prevention across the forestry, agriculture, and public health authorities in China, to articulate the current landscape of potential risks, existing mandates, and gaps. A total of 55 known zoonotic diseases (59 pathogens) are routinely monitored under a multi-sectoral system among humans and domestic and wild animals in China. These diseases have been detected in wild mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish or other aquatic animals, the majority of which are transmitted between humans and animals via direct or indirect contact and vectors. However, this current monitoring system covers a limited scope of disease threats and animal host species, warranting expanded review for sources of disease and pathogen with zoonotic potential. In addition, the governance of wild animal protection and utilization and limited knowledge about wild animal trade value chains present challenges for zoonotic disease risk assessment and monitoring, and affect the completeness of mandates and enforcement. A coordinated and collaborative mechanism among different departments is required for the effective monitoring and management of disease emergence and transmission risks in the animal value chains. Moreover, pathogen surveillance among wild animal hosts and human populations outside of the routine monitoring system will fill the data gaps and improve our understanding of future emerging zoonotic threats to achieve disease prevention. The findings and recommendations will advance One Health collaboration across government and non-government stakeholders to optimize monitoring and surveillance, risk management, and emergency responses to known and novel zoonotic threats, and support COVID-19 recovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Li
- EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, United States of America
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing, Kingston University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yufei Chen
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | | | - Hao Tang
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | | | - Mark D. Fielder
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing, Kingston University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Daszak
- EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, United States of America
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Fang Y, Hang T, Xue J, Li Y, Li L, Wei Z, Yang L, Zhang Y. Diversity, Geography, and Host Range of Emerging Mosquito-Associated Viruses - China, 2010-2020. China CDC Wkly 2021; 3:746-750. [PMID: 34594982 PMCID: PMC8408653 DOI: 10.46234/ccdcw2021.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China.,School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Hang
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinbo Xue
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China.,School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Lanhua Li
- School of Publish Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Zixin Wei
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Limin Yang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China.,School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Cimica V, Galarza JM, Rashid S, Stedman TT. Current development of Zika virus vaccines with special emphasis on virus-like particle technology. Expert Rev Vaccines 2021; 20:1483-1498. [PMID: 34148481 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1945447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Zika virus disease received little attention until its recent explosive emergence around the globe. The devastating consequences of this pandemic include congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) and the neurological autoimmune disorder Guillain-Barré syndrome. These potential outcomes prompted massive efforts to understand the course of Zika infection and to develop therapeutic and prophylactic strategies for treatment and prevention of disease.Area covered: Preclinical and clinical data demonstrate that a safe and efficacious vaccine for protection against Zika virus infection is possible in the near future. Nevertheless, significant knowledge gaps regarding the outcome of a mass vaccination strategy exist and must be addressed. Zika virus circulates in flavivirus-endemic regions, an ideal Zika vaccine should avoid the potential of antibody-dependent enhancement from exposure to dengue virus. Prevention of CZS is the primary goal for immunization, and the vaccine must provide protection against intrauterine transmission for use during pregnancy and in women of childbearing age. Ideally, a vaccine should also prevent sexual transmission of the virus through mucosal protection.Expert opinion: This review describes current vaccine approaches against Zika virus with particular attention to the application of virus-like particle (VLP) technology as a strategy for solving the challenges of Zika virus immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velasco Cimica
- American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Manassas, VA, USA
| | | | - Sujatha Rashid
- American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Manassas, VA, USA
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Sun H, Dickens BL, Jit M, Cook AR, Carrasco LR. Mapping the cryptic spread of the 2015-2016 global Zika virus epidemic. BMC Med 2020; 18:399. [PMID: 33327961 PMCID: PMC7744256 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01845-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zika virus (ZIKV) emerged as a global epidemic in 2015-2016 from Latin America with its true geographical extent remaining unclear due to widely presumed underreporting. The identification of locations with potential and unknown spread of ZIKV is a key yet understudied component for outbreak preparedness. Here, we aim to identify locations at a high risk of cryptic ZIKV spread during 2015-2016 to further the understanding of the global ZIKV epidemiology, which is critical for the mitigation of the risk of future epidemics. METHODS We developed an importation simulation model to estimate the weekly number of ZIKV infections imported in each susceptible spatial unit (i.e. location that did not report any autochthonous Zika cases during 2015-2016), integrating epidemiological, demographic, and travel data as model inputs. Thereafter, a global risk model was applied to estimate the weekly ZIKV transmissibility during 2015-2016 for each location. Finally, we assessed the risk of onward ZIKV spread following importation in each susceptible spatial unit to identify locations with a high potential for cryptic ZIKV spread during 2015-2016. RESULTS We have found 24 susceptible spatial units that were likely to have experienced cryptic ZIKV spread during 2015-2016, of which 10 continue to have a high risk estimate within a highly conservative scenario, namely, Luanda in Angola, Banten in Indonesia, Maharashtra in India, Lagos in Nigeria, Taiwan and Guangdong in China, Dakar in Senegal, Maputo in Mozambique, Kinshasa in Congo DRC, and Pool in Congo. Notably, among the 24 susceptible spatial units identified, some have reported their first ZIKV outbreaks since 2017, thus adding to the credibility of our results (derived using 2015-2016 data only). CONCLUSION Our study has provided valuable insights into the potentially high-risk locations for cryptic ZIKV circulation during the 2015-2016 pandemic and has also laid a foundation for future studies that attempt to further narrow this key knowledge gap. Our modelling framework can be adapted to identify areas with likely unknown spread of other emerging vector-borne diseases, which has important implications for public health readiness especially in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Sun
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117549, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Borame L Dickens
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117549, Republic of Singapore
| | - Mark Jit
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
- Modelling and Economics Unit, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - Alex R Cook
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117549, Republic of Singapore.
| | - L Roman Carrasco
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore
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