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Gritti MA, González KY, Tavares FL, Teibler GP, Peichoto ME. Exploring the antibacterial potential of venoms from Argentinian animals. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:121. [PMID: 36934358 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03465-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
The resistance to antimicrobials developed by several bacterial species has become one of the main health problems in recent decades. It has been widely reported that natural products are important sources of antimicrobial compounds. Considering that animal venoms are under-explored in this line of research, in this study, we screened the antibacterial activity of venoms of eight snake and five lepidopteran species from northeastern Argentina. Twofold serial dilutions of venoms were tested by the agar well-diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination against seven bacterial strains. We studied the comparative protein profile of the venoms showing antibacterial activity. Only the viperid and elapid venoms showed remarkable dose-dependent antibacterial activity towards most of the strains tested. Bothrops diporus venom showed the lowest MIC values against all the strains, and S. aureus ATCC 25923 was the most sensitive strain for all the active venoms. Micrurus baliocoryphus venom was unable to inhibit the growth of Enterococcus faecalis. Neither colubrid snake nor lepidopteran venoms exhibited activity on any bacterial strain tested. The snake venoms exhibiting antibacterial activity showed distinctive protein profiles by SDS-PAGE, highlighting that we could reveal for the first time the main protein families which may be thought to contribute to the antibacterial activity of M. baliocoryphus venom. This study paves the way to search for new antibacterial agents from Argentinian snake venoms, which may be a further opportunity to give an added value to the local biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela A Gritti
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical (INMeT)-ANLIS "Dr. Carlos G Malbrán", Almafuerte y Ambar s/n, 3370, Puerto Iguazú, Argentina
| | - Karen Y González
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Sargento Cabral 2139, 3400, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Flavio L Tavares
- Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), Av. Tarquínio Joslin dos Santos, nº. 1.000, Jd. Universitário, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, CEP 85870-901, Brazil
| | - Gladys P Teibler
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Sargento Cabral 2139, 3400, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - María E Peichoto
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical (INMeT)-ANLIS "Dr. Carlos G Malbrán", Almafuerte y Ambar s/n, 3370, Puerto Iguazú, Argentina.
- Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), Av. Tarquínio Joslin dos Santos, nº. 1.000, Jd. Universitário, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, CEP 85870-901, Brazil.
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González C, Ballesteros-Mejia L, Díaz-Díaz J, Toro-Vargas DM, Amarillo-Suarez AR, Gey D, León C, Tovar E, Arias M, Rivera N, Buitrago LS, Pinto-Moraes RH, Sano Martins IS, Decaëns T, González MA, Kitching IJ, Rougerie R. Deadly and venomous Lonomia caterpillars are more than the two usual suspects. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011063. [PMID: 36821543 PMCID: PMC9949635 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Caterpillars of the Neotropical genus Lonomia (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) are responsible for some fatal envenomation of humans in South America inducing hemostatic disturbances in patients upon skin contact with the caterpillars' spines. Currently, only two species have been reported to cause hemorrhagic syndromes in humans: Lonomia achelous and Lonomia obliqua. However, species identifications have remained largely unchallenged despite improved knowledge of venom diversity and growing evidence that the taxonomy used over past decades misrepresents and underestimates species diversity. Here, we revisit the taxonomic diversity and distribution of Lonomia species using the most extensive dataset assembled to date, combining DNA barcodes, morphological comparisons, and geographical information. Considering new evidence for seven undescribed species as well as three newly proposed nomenclatural changes, our integrative approach leads to the recognition of 60 species, of which seven are known or strongly suspected to cause severe envenomation in humans. From a newly compiled synthesis of epidemiological data, we also examine the consequences of our results for understanding Lonomia envenomation risks and call for further investigations of other species' venom activities. This is required and necessary to improve alertness in areas at risk, and to define adequate treatment strategies for envenomed patients, including performing species identification and assessing the efficacy of anti-Lonomia serums against a broader diversity of species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila González
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical (CIMPAT), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
- * E-mail: ;
| | - Liliana Ballesteros-Mejia
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, EPHE, Sorbonne Université, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
- CESAB, Centre de synthèse et d’Analyse sur la Biodiversité, Montpellier, France
| | - Juana Díaz-Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical (CIMPAT), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Diana M. Toro-Vargas
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical (CIMPAT), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Delphine Gey
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, EPHE, Sorbonne Université, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Cielo León
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical (CIMPAT), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Eduardo Tovar
- Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Mónica Arias
- CIRAD, UMR PHIM, Montpellier, France
- PHIM, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Nazario Rivera
- Secretaría de Salud de Casanare. Area de Salud Pública, Yopal, Colombia
| | | | | | | | - Thibaud Decaëns
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Mailyn A. González
- Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Rodolphe Rougerie
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, EPHE, Sorbonne Université, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
- * E-mail: ;
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Epidemiological characterization of lonomism in South America. Acta Trop 2023; 238:106777. [PMID: 36502887 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lonomism is the envenomation caused by accidental contact with Lonomia caterpillars, and this is a public health priority in South America since it is relatively common but remains underestimated. This study presents an updated and integrative analysis of reliable global data from 1960 to 2020 on the epidemiology of this envenomation in the whole continent. A total of 13,186 notifications were recorded for South America: 13,056 (99.01%) in Brazil, 49 (0.37%) in Argentina, 43 (0.33%) in Colombia, 29 (0.22%) in Venezuela, 6 (0.05%) in Peru and 3 (0.02%) in French Guiana. The number of new locations reporting accidents has increased since the first formally notifications at the middle of the last century. Most of these locations are situated in Brazil, the pioneer in deeply researching the Lonomia genus and its impacts in public health. Most victims were males, in the economically productive age group, and accidental contact occurred more frequently in the upper limbs while doing activities outdoors in urban/rural areas. Regarding the determinants of clinical outcome, countries where patients received delayed medical care were associated with a higher number of moderate and/or severe cases, as well as a higher chance of progressing to death. Additionally, the longer the delay for accessing medical care, the higher the risk of developing systemic complications, thereby increasing the need for specific treatment. Our study also shows that accidents globally occurred more frequently in the summer months and in the beginning of autumn. Although having identified several shortcomings in the documents selected and verified that notifications are strongly biased by public policies adopted by each South American country, this study provides the first comprehensive assessment of lonomism in South America, demonstrating the increase in the number of accidents, and their expansion to other areas of the continent over time. Our findings will undoubtedly help guide the appropriate allocation of resources and implementation of prevention strategies and define priority criteria for epidemiological surveillance of this neglected tropical disease.
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Casafús MG, Favalesso MM, Gritti MA, Coronel JM, Guimarães ATB, Peichoto ME. Correction: A hidden deadly venomous insect: First eco-epidemiological assessment and risk mapping of lonomism in Argentina. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011049. [PMID: 36652454 PMCID: PMC9847893 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009542.].
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